JP2012014761A - Optical disk device, reproducing method, recording method and optical disk - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical disk device for recording and reproducing data and parity in a plurality of optical disks by block units which reproduces data including a defective cluster at a stable speed while preventing reduction in a data transfer rate without increasing a setup time.SOLUTION: The plurality of the optical disk device units have a function of returning dummy data without alternative processing even when an optical disk has a defective cluster in response to a usual reproduction instruction, and returning data of an alternative cluster through the alternative processing in response to a retry reproduction instruction. An optical disk device controller outputs the retry reproduction instruction to the optical disk device units when an error correction processing is disabled.

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical disc apparatus, a reproducing method, a recording method, and an optical disc, and more particularly to an alternation process of an optical disc apparatus that records and reproduces data on a plurality of optical discs.

  In an optical disc such as a CD (Compact Disc), a DVD, or a Blu-ray Disc (hereinafter abbreviated as BD), a partial defect may occur due to scratches on the disc surface, fingerprints, dirt, deterioration of the recording film, or the like. is there. Since data recorded in a defective cluster (defective cluster) is likely to be unreproducible, in a rewritable or write-once recordable optical disc, a replacement area (spare area) in which the defective cluster is provided on the same optical disc. Data is recorded by switching to a predetermined cluster (replacement cluster) in the area), and replacement processing for reproducing data of the defective cluster from the replacement cluster is performed. Such a defect management method is called linear replacement.

  Since the spare area is arranged at the inner or outer periphery of the optical disc, the seek operation of the optical pickup is essential for the replacement process, and it takes a longer time than usual to reproduce the data including the defective cluster. As a conventional technique for suppressing an increase in reproduction time, for example, there is a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-5001. Patent Document 1 states that “alternative data recorded on an optical disk is stored in a storage means, so that even if a command for reading out data of a defective sector is included in a read command, the defective sector The read command execution time does not become longer by reading out the data, that is, the replacement data from the storage means.

  RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks) is a technology for realizing a large capacity and high reliability using a plurality of hard disks, and there are several types depending on the configuration of the hard disk. A configuration called RAID5 performs data access in units of blocks using N + 1 hard disks, generates one parity block for each N data blocks, and distributes and records the data on a plurality of hard disks.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-5001

  When the RAID5 technology is applied to an optical disc, it is assumed that the playback time is restricted by the device having the longest time to read out a data block among a plurality of optical disc devices. As described above, replacement processing is performed when there is a defective cluster in the optical disk device. However, since the frequency increases with the power of the number of optical disk devices as an index, there is a concern that the transfer rate may frequently decrease. The

  In addition, when the replacement data recorded on the optical disk is read at the time of loading the optical disk as in Patent Document 1, the setup time during which the optical disk can be reproduced increases.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention uses the configuration described in the claims as an example.

  According to the present invention, in an optical disc apparatus that records and reproduces data and parity on a plurality of optical discs in units of blocks, a reduction in transfer rate is suppressed and stable even for data including defective clusters without increasing the setup time. Playback is possible at the specified speed.

Flow chart of reproduction processing in the first embodiment 1 is an overall block diagram of an optical disc apparatus according to a first embodiment. Layout diagram of optical disc in the first embodiment Defect list format in the first embodiment Data arrangement diagram of each optical disc in the first embodiment Explanatory drawing of the correction process in 1st Example Data arrangement diagram of each optical disc in the second embodiment Explanatory drawing of the correction process in 2nd Example Flowchart of recording process in the third embodiment Defect list format in the third embodiment Block diagram of the optical disc apparatus unit in the first embodiment

  Embodiments of an optical disk device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The configuration and operation of the optical disc apparatus as the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is an overall block diagram of the optical disk apparatus in the first embodiment. The optical disk apparatus according to the present embodiment processes four optical disk apparatus units 30 each capable of recording / reproducing with respect to each one optical disk 40 and data to be recorded / reproduced with respect to the plurality of optical disk apparatus units 30. The optical disk device controller 10 is used.

  The optical disk device controller 10 includes a controller control unit 11, a controller memory 12, a host interface 13, a drive interface 14, and a data processing unit 15.

  The optical disk device controller 10 is connected to the host computer 20 via the host interface 13, receives various commands such as recording and reproduction and data to be recorded from the host computer 20, and transmits the execution result of the command and the reproduced data.

  In addition, the optical disk device unit 30 is connected in parallel via the drive interface 14, and various commands such as recording and reproduction for each optical disk device unit 30 and data to be recorded reconstructed by the data processing unit 15 described later are stored. Sends and receives command execution results and reproduced data.

  The controller control unit 11 has a function of controlling the overall operation of the optical disk device controller 10, and the optical disk device controller 10 performs a predetermined operation according to a command from the host computer 20 and a command execution result from each optical disk device unit 30. The controller memory 12, the host interface 13, the drive interface 14, and the data processing unit 15 are controlled so as to execute.

  The controller memory 12 has a function of temporarily storing data, and temporarily accumulates data before and after data processing when the data processing unit 15 described later performs data processing. Further, defect information received from each optical disk device unit 30 is temporarily stored.

  The data processing unit 15 includes a data distribution unit 16, a parity generation unit 17, and a correction processing unit 18. The data distribution unit 16 separates the data received from the host computer 20 into data corresponding to clusters that are recording units on the optical disc 40, and generates parity for one cluster generated by the parity generation unit 17 for every three clusters of data. Including four data strings. The correction processing unit 18 performs correction processing on the data for three clusters and the parity for one cluster received from each optical disk device unit 30. Details of data distribution and the flow of correction processing will be described later.

  On the other hand, each optical disk device unit 30 includes a drive control unit 31, an optical pickup 32, a drive memory 33, a controller interface 34, and a defect processing unit 35. More specifically, as shown in the block diagram of the optical disk apparatus unit in FIG. 11, in addition to the above, the disk rotation mechanism 50, the slider mechanism 51, the servo control unit 52, the servo signal generation unit 53, and the reproduction signal A generation unit 54, a reproduction signal binarization unit 55, an encoding unit 56, and a decoding unit 57 are provided.

  The drive control unit 31 controls the overall operation of the optical disc apparatus unit 30. That is, the seek control and the feed control for controlling the rotation of the optical disk 40 mounted on the disk rotation mechanism 50 via the servo control unit 52 and driving the slider mechanism 51 to displace the optical pickup 32 in the radial direction of the optical disk 40. Then, the objective lens of the optical pickup 32 is driven to perform focus control and tracking control.

  Further, the drive control unit 31 controls the laser emission of the optical pickup 32. During recording, the recording data signal sent from the optical disk apparatus controller 10 via the controller interface 34 is converted into an NRZI signal according to a predetermined modulation rule by the encoding unit 56 and supplied to the drive control unit 31. Is converted into a recording strategy (light emission pulse train) corresponding to the NRZI signal, and the laser is emitted with a predetermined light intensity and pulse train.

  The amount of light reflected from the optical disk 40 is received by the photodetector of the optical pickup 32 and converted into an electrical signal, which is sent to the servo signal generator 53 and the reproduction signal generator 54. The servo signal generation unit 53 selects and generates various servo signals by a detection method suitable for the mounted optical disk 40, and supplies it to the drive control unit 31. The servo signal includes at least a focus error signal and a tracking error signal. Based on these servo signals, the drive control unit 31 drives the objective lens via the servo control unit 52 as described above to operate the focus servo and tracking servo.

  The reproduction signal generation unit 54 includes a waveform equalization circuit and an A / D converter. The analog reproduction signal supplied from the optical pickup 32 is sampled and quantized after predetermined waveform equalization. Is converted into a digital signal and supplied to the reproduction signal binarization unit 55.

  The reproduction signal binarization unit 55 includes a transversal filter and a Viterbi decoding circuit. The digital signal supplied from the reproduction signal generation unit 54 is equalized to a predetermined PR class by a transversal filter, and maximum likelihood decoding is performed by a Viterbi decoding circuit, and this equalized waveform is converted into an NRZI signal based on a predetermined modulation rule. Convert. The NRZI signal generated by the reproduction signal binarization means 55 is converted into a reproduction data signal by performing a data correction process or the like by the decoding unit 57 and sent to the optical disc apparatus controller 10 via the controller interface 34.

  Further, the drive control unit 31 performs a replacement process for the optical disc 40 via the defect processing unit 35. A defect list 46 of the optical disk 40 described later is reproduced and temporarily stored in the drive memory 33, and the defect processing unit 35 refers to the defect list 46 of the drive memory 33 and reproduces a replacement cluster corresponding to the defect cluster. It has a function. In addition, if the recorded data is recorded, the recorded data is reproduced, and the reproduction result is evaluated based on the result of the data correction process or the like and it is determined that the predetermined quality cannot be ensured, the cluster in which the data is recorded is recognized as a defect. , A function of recording data in the replacement cluster and adding the defect cluster and replacement cluster as an entry to the defect list 46 is provided.

  FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the optical disk in the first embodiment. The optical disc 40 in the present embodiment will be described as an example of a single layer (SL) BD-R. However, this is for simplifying the description, and the present invention is not limited to this, and any optical disk that has a spare area and performs a replacement process may be used.

  The optical disc 40 is roughly divided into three areas, a lead-in area 41 in which various types of information such as disc information are recorded, a data zone area, and a lead-out area 44. The data zone area further includes an inner circumference. A spare area 42 on the side, a user data area 43 for recording user data, and a spare area 42 on the outer periphery side.

  The lead-in area 41 includes a disk management area 45 that updates and records the recording state management information for each recording update, and further includes a defect list 46 as part of the recording state management information.

  In the BD-R, each spare area 42 is also provided with a disk management area 45 as a backup of management information, but is omitted here for the sake of simplicity.

  FIG. 4 shows the format of the defect list in the first embodiment. The defect list 46 is composed of a list of entries with a pair of defect cluster and replacement cluster as one entry. One entry is 64 bits, and the breakdown is that the first flag indicating the defect management status is 4 bits, the first physical sector number of the defective cluster is 28 bits, and the second flag indicating the defect management status. The state 2 is 4 bits, and the head physical sector number of the replacement cluster is 28 bits.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the data arrangement of each optical disc in the first embodiment. Each of the four optical disks 40 is recorded and reproduced by the four optical disk device units 30. Dn or Pm, m + 1, m + 2 represents a data block or a parity block divided in cluster units. The subscript D indicates the order of data blocks in the original data (shown on the right side of the figure) to be transferred to and from the host computer, and the subscript P is a set of three data blocks to which parity is added. Means.

  Data is recorded in cluster units on each optical disk 40, and data and parity of D1, D4, D7, P10, 11, 12 are recorded on the leftmost optical disk 40. Similarly, the data and parity of D2, D5, P7, 8, 9, and D10 are recorded on the second optical disc 40 from the left. D5 is a defective cluster on the user data area, and the spare area is replaced. Recorded in the cluster. The data and parity of D3, P4, 5, 6, D8, and D11 are recorded on the third optical disk 40 from the left, and the data of P1, 2, 3, D6, D9, and D12 are recorded on the rightmost optical disk 40. And parity is recorded.

  Here, the function of the data processing unit 15 will be described again. In this embodiment, the data distribution unit 16 divides the data received from the host computer 20 into data blocks D1, D2, D3, D4. The parity generation unit 17 generates one parity P1, 2, 3 for every three data blocks. The parity added here is corrected for the three data blocks D1, D2, and D3 and one parity P1, 2, and 3 by the correction processing unit 17, and data for one block is missing. But it can be corrected.

  Further, the data distribution unit 16 reconstructs the divided data blocks and the generated parity into four data strings. That is, a data string of D1, D4, D7, P10, 11, 12; a data string of D2, D5, P7, 8, 9, D10; a data string of D3, P4, 5, 6, D8, D11; There are four data strings of data of P1, 2, 3, D6, D9, and D12.

  Conversely, when the correction processing unit 17 performs correction processing on the three data blocks D1, D2, and D3 and one parity P1, 2, and 3, a data string that is continuous with D1, D2, and D3 is generated. The

  Such parity addition and data arrangement are in accordance with RAID5.

  Next, the reproducing operation of the optical disc apparatus in the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the reproduction process in the first embodiment.

  As an initial condition, it is assumed that each optical disk device unit 30 has been loaded with the optical disk 40 and has been set up, and the defect list 46 of the optical disk 40 has already been reproduced and stored in the drive memory 33.

  When a playback command is received from the host computer 20 and playback processing is started, the optical disk device controller 10 first issues a playback command to each optical disk device unit 30 via the drive interface 14 in S10.

  As S11, each optical disk device unit 30 refers to the defect list 46 in the drive memory 33 for the physical sector number of the user data area to be reproduced in accordance with the received reproduction command.

  As S12, branching is performed depending on whether or not the defect list 46 is registered. If there is no registration, the data recorded in the cluster of the physical sector number in the user data area is reproduced in S13, and the reproduced data is transmitted to the optical disc apparatus controller 10 in S14.

  On the other hand, if the defect list 46 is registered in the branch of S12, the data of the cluster is not reproduced in S15, and the drive control unit 31 generates dummy data and transmits it to the optical disc apparatus controller 10. If the cause of the defect is due to instability of the servo, it is effective because the servo may become unstable just by reproducing.

  Note that the same effect can be obtained by transmitting only the information that the defect is registered instead of transmitting dummy data as S15 and causing the controller control unit 11 to generate dummy data.

  Alternatively, if reproduction is possible even if it is defective, if the reproduction is performed and the acquired data is transmitted, the decoding unit 57 may be able to correct even if the reproduction quality is poor and there are many errors. Thus, the frequency at which correction by the correction processing unit 18 becomes impossible can be reduced. In this case, since the cluster of the user data area is reproduced regardless of the presence or absence of defects, the step of S11 that refers to the defect list 46 and the step of S12 that branches depending on the presence or absence of defects can be omitted.

  Next, in S16, the correction processing unit 18 of the optical disk device controller 10 performs error correction processing on one parity corresponding to the three data blocks received from the four optical disk device units 30. As will be described later, in this embodiment, error correction processing is performed by pipeline processing. Therefore, even if error correction processing is performed regardless of the presence or absence of errors, the transfer rate does not decrease.

  In S17, branching is performed based on the correction result. If the correction is normally completed, the data generated after the correction is transmitted to the host computer 20 in S18. In S19, it is determined whether the data transmitted to the host computer is the end of the data to be reproduced. If it is the last, the reproduction process is terminated normally, and if it is in the middle, the process returns to S11 to continue the data reproduction. However, in this embodiment, since pipeline processing is performed, the next data block is not reproduced after waiting for the determination in S19, but the processing after S11 is sequentially performed.

  On the other hand, if correction is not possible in the branch of S17, the optical disk device controller 10 issues a retry reproduction command to each optical disk device unit 30 in S20.

  When the retry reproduction command is issued, each optical disk device unit 30 refers to the defect list 46 in the drive memory 33 regarding the physical sector number of the user data area to be reproduced again as S11.

  Again, as S12, the process branches depending on whether or not the defect list 46 is registered. If there is registration, the recorded data is reproduced by accessing the spare cluster in the spare area in S21. On the other hand, if there is no registration, the data recorded in the cluster of the user data data area is reproduced as S13.

  In S14, the reproduced data is transmitted to the optical disk apparatus controller 10, and in S16, the correction processing unit 18 generates an error for one parity corresponding to the three data blocks received from the four optical disk apparatus units 30. Perform correction processing.

  Here again, as S17, branching is performed based on the correction result. When the correction is normally completed, the process returns to S18, and the data generated after the correction is transmitted to the host computer 20.

  On the other hand, if it cannot be corrected, a playback error is transmitted to the host computer 20 as a command execution result in S22, and playback is stopped.

  That is, in this embodiment, even if there is a defect-registered cluster, correction processing is performed without reproducing the replacement cluster data, and the replacement data is reproduced only when the correction is impossible.

  In the present embodiment, the defect list 46 is stored in the drive memory 33 and referred to as an initial condition. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the defect list 46 may be stored in the controller memory 12. Alternatively, it is possible to reproduce and refer to the defect list 46 of the optical disc 40 at the time of reference without first reading.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the correction process in the first embodiment, and shows the flow of the correction process of the optical disk apparatus controller. In this embodiment, pipeline processing is performed.

  In cycle 1, data blocks D 1, D 2, D 3 and parity P 1, 2, 3 received from each optical disk device unit 30 are written in a predetermined area of the controller memory 12.

  In cycle 2, error correction processing (ECC1) is started for data blocks D1, D2, and D3 and parities P1, 2, and 3, and data blocks D4, D5, and D6 received from each optical disk unit 30 and parity P4, 5, 6 are written in the next area of the controller memory 12.

  In cycle 3, error correction processing (ECC2) is continuously performed on the data blocks D1, D2, D3 and the parities P1, 2, 3, and the data blocks D4, D5, D6 and the parities P4, 5, 6 are performed. Error correction processing (ECC1) is started, and data blocks D4, D5, D6 and parity P4, 5, 6 received from each optical disk device unit 30 are written in the next area of the controller memory 12.

  Thereafter, data blocks and parity are written to the controller memory 12 for each cycle, and error correction processing for the written data blocks and parity is sequentially executed.

  In cycle n + 1, error correction processing for data blocks D1, D2, and D3 and parity P1, 2, and 3 is completed, and corrected data D1, D2, and D3 are read from a predetermined area of controller memory 12 in the next cycle n + 2. .

  That is, one set of data blocks starts correction every cycle, and another set of data blocks completes correction.

  In this embodiment, the description is based on the addition of parity according to RAID 5 and the data block arrangement. However, if two parity are added according to the RAID configuration called RAID 6, two defects are present. Even if it exists, it is possible to reproduce without reproducing the alternate cluster, and a more stable transfer rate can be realized.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, according to the present invention, it is possible to optimize the replacement process at the time of reproduction of the optical disc apparatus, and to reproduce at a stable transfer rate while suppressing the decrease in speed.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the data arrangement of each optical disc in the second embodiment of the present invention. Since the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except for the data arrangement of each optical disc 40 and the processing depending on the data arrangement, the description of the configuration and operation of the optical disc apparatus will be omitted.

  The four optical disks 40 are recorded and reproduced by the four optical disk device units 30 as in the first embodiment. Dn or Pm, m + 1, m + 2 represents a data block or parity block divided in cluster units, and the subscript D indicates the order of the data blocks in the original data (shown on the right side of the figure) that is transferred to and from the host computer. In the same manner, the subscript P means the set of three data blocks to which parity is added. However, of the P subscripts, d means dummy data.

  The difference from the first embodiment is a set of data blocks to which parity is added. In the first embodiment, data blocks and parities are arranged so as to straddle four optical disks according to RAID 5, whereas in this embodiment, a set of data blocks and parity is configured for each disk. However, the parity is arranged in the same manner as in the first embodiment so that when each optical disk 40 is reproduced in parallel, there is one parity block, and each optical disk device unit 30 has one block of data. Each time the data is read, one data block and one parity set are read. By arranging in this way, correction processing can be executed by pipeline processing described later. In addition, in order to implement the above arrangement, there may be a shortage of data blocks at the beginning and end of data, and some generate parity for a data set including dummy data that is not recorded on the disk. I did it.

  That is, data is recorded on each optical disk 40 in units of clusters, and data and parity of D1, D4, D7, P1, 4, 7, D13, and D16 are recorded on the leftmost optical disk 40. Similarly, data and parity of D2, D5, Pd, 2, 5, D10, D14, and D17 are recorded on the second optical disc 40 from the left. The data and parity of D3, Pd, d, 3, D8, D11, D15, P8, 11, 15 are recorded on the third optical disc 40 from the left, but D8 is a defective cluster on the user data area. Yes, recorded in spare cluster in spare area. On the rightmost optical disc 40, data and parity of Pd, d, d, D6, D9, D12, P6, 9, 12, and D18 are recorded.

  In this embodiment, the parity generation unit 17 generates one parity P1, 4, 7 for every three data blocks. Also, parity Pd, 2, 5 and the like are generated using some data blocks as dummy data. Further, when the correction processing unit 17 performs correction processing on the three data blocks D1, D4, and D7 and one parity P1, 4, and 7, a discontinuous data string is generated with D1, D4, and D7. Therefore, the data distribution unit 16 has a function of rearranging the discontinuous data of the correction result and rearranging the data into a data string continuous with D1, D2, and D3.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of correction processing in the second embodiment, and shows the flow of correction processing of the optical disk device controller. Pipeline processing is performed as in the first embodiment.

  In cycle 1, data block D1 is written into a predetermined area of controller memory 12.

  In cycle 2, the data block D4 is written in the same area as the area where the data block D1 of the controller memory 12 is written. Further, the data block D6 is written in the next area of the controller memory 12.

  In cycle 3, data block D7 is written in the same area where data blocks D1 and D4 of controller memory 12 are written. Further, the data block D9 is written in the same area where the data block D6 of the controller memory 12 is written, and the data block D8 is written in the next area of the controller memory 12.

  In cycle 4, the parities P1, 4, and 7 are written in the same area where the data blocks D1, D4, and D7 of the controller memory 12 are written. The data block D12 is written in the same area where the data blocks D6 and D9 of the controller memory 12 are written. The data block D11 is written in the same area as the data block D8 of the controller memory 12 is written. The same applies to the subsequent data blocks.

  In cycle 5, error correction processing (ECC1) is started for the data blocks D1, D4, D7 and the parities P1, 4, 7, and the parities P6, 9, 12 are transferred to the data blocks D6, D9 of the controller memory 12. , D12 is written in the same area as that written. Further, the data block D15 is written in the same area where the data blocks D8 and D11 of the controller memory 12 are written. The same applies to the subsequent data.

  That is, the data block and parity set are aligned over 4 cycles. Since one set is prepared for each cycle, error correction processing is sequentially performed thereafter, as in the first embodiment.

  In cycle n + 4, error correction processing for data blocks D1, D4, D7 and parities P1, 4, 7 is completed, and corrected data D1 is read from a predetermined area of controller memory 12 in the next cycle n + 5. Thereafter, data D4 is read in cycle n + 6, and data D7 is read in cycle n + 7.

  That is, by reading one data block for each cycle, it is possible to rearrange the data whose correction has been completed discontinuously and rearrange the data into a continuous data string such as D1, D2, and D3.

  In the present embodiment, for example, the data blocks D1, D4, D7 and the parity P1, 4, 7 are written in the same area of the controller memory 12, but this is for the sake of simplification of the description. It is not a thing. As another example, it is possible to write in different areas under a certain regularity and refer to the data based on the regularity.

  As described above, as described in the present embodiment, the present invention is effective if a parity is added even to a data arrangement different from RAID 5 or RAID 6, and a configuration using two or less optical disk device units 30 is used. It is also possible to do.

  The recording operation of the optical disk apparatus as the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the optical disk device and the data arrangement of each optical disk 40 are the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the recording process in the third embodiment. As an initial condition, it is assumed that each optical disk device unit 30 has the optical disk 40 mounted thereon and the setup process has been completed.

  When a recording command is received from the host computer 20 and recording processing is started, first, the optical disk apparatus controller 10 starts receiving recording data from the host computer 20 in S30.

  As S31, the data distribution unit 16 of the data processing unit 15 divides the received data into data blocks for each data corresponding to one cluster, and as S32, the parity generation unit 17 uses one parity for every three data blocks. Generate a block. Further, as described above, it is reconfigured into four data strings.

  Next, in S33, the optical disk device controller 10 issues a recording command to each optical disk device unit 30, and in S34, each optical disk device unit 30 encodes the received reconstructed data sequence and stores the user data area in cluster units. To record.

  When the recording of the predetermined number of clusters is completed, each optical disk device unit 30 reproduces the data recorded in S34 and evaluates the recording quality as S35.

  In S36, the process branches based on the evaluation result of the recording quality. If the optical disc apparatus unit 30 determines that recording has failed because the predetermined recording quality cannot be ensured, in S37, the optical disc apparatus controller 10 is notified of the logical address of the failed data block and the physical sector number of the defective cluster as defect information. .

  Next, in S38, the optical disk device controller 10 sends the ID of the notified optical disk device unit 30 or optical disk 40, the physical sector number of the defective cluster, and the logical address to a predetermined area of the controller memory 12 based on the received defect information. And save the corresponding data block. The same applies when the recording failure data is a parity block.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in S36 that the recording is successful, the processes in S37 and S38 are skipped.

  Next, in S39, it is determined whether the data to be recorded by each optical disc apparatus unit 30 has been recorded to the end.

  On the other hand, when the recording is completed to the end of the data, the optical disk apparatus controller 10 issues an alternate recording command to each optical disk apparatus unit 30 in S40. Based on the defect information stored in the controller memory 12, it is determined which optical disk 40 is to be replaced, the result is stored in the controller memory 12, and the data block to be replaced in the optical disk device unit 30 is stored. Send.

  Upon receiving the replacement recording command, the optical disc apparatus unit 30 records the received data block in the spare sector of the spare area of the optical disc 40 as S41, and reproduces the recorded cluster as S35 as in normal recording. Evaluate recording quality. In S36, branching is performed based on the evaluation result, and if it is determined that the recording has failed, the process returns to S41 and is recorded again in a replacement cluster different from the previous one.

  On the other hand, when the recording is successful, the physical sector number of the replacement cluster is notified to the optical disk apparatus controller 10. The optical disk device controller 10 updates the defect information stored in the controller memory 12 by adding replacement cluster information. Further, in order to update the defect list 46 of the optical disk 40 having the defective cluster, defect information is transmitted to the optical disk apparatus unit 30, and in S 44, the optical disk apparatus unit 30 records and updates the defect list 46 of the optical disk 40. To do. The format of the defect list 46 in this embodiment will be described later.

  When the update of the defect list 46 of all the optical disks 40 is completed, the optical disk apparatus controller 10 notifies the host computer 20 of the end of recording in S45, and the recording process is completed.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the format of the defect list in the third embodiment. The difference from the defect list format of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is that the upper 3 bits of state 1 and the upper 2 bits of state 2 are a total of 3 bits for the optical disk 40 with the replacement cluster or the corresponding optical disk device. It is a point assigned as an ID flag.

  When the ID flag 3 bits is 000, it is defined to indicate that there is a replacement cluster on the same optical disk as the optical disk 40 having the defective cluster. By defining in this way, in the defect list of the first embodiment, compatibility can be ensured when the state 1 flag is defined up to the lower 3 bits and the state 2 flag is defined up to the lower 2 bits. .

  Further, if the device ID of the optical disk device unit 30 is defined as 0, 1, 2, 3 and the 3 bits of the ID are 001, for example, if the device ID of the device is 1, 2 is 2. If 3 is defined, 3 is defined to indicate 0. If there are four optical disk device units 30, 2 bits are sufficient for the ID flag.

  In this example, by recording the replacement cluster on another disk, even when there are many defective clusters on a specific disk, the spare area of the disk is suppressed and the spare area is used appropriately. Is possible.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the replacement cluster may be only the same disk as the defective cluster. In this case, the defect list 46 can be updated without using the optical disk device controller 10, and the spare area There is an advantage that the usage status can be recognized for each optical disk device unit 30.

  In this embodiment, the replacement cluster is secured in the spare area. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a replacement cluster can be secured in the user data area. In this case, it is not necessary to secure a spare area in advance, and the capacity of the optical disk 40 can be used to the maximum extent possible.

  Further, before starting the replacement process, it is possible to reproduce the data including the cluster in which the recording has failed and perform error correction in the optical disc apparatus 10, and to perform the replacement recording if correction is possible. The time for recording the replacement cluster can be shortened and the spare area usage rate can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the present invention, according to the present invention, it is possible to record at a stable transfer rate by optimizing the replacement process at the time of recording in the optical disc apparatus and suppressing the decrease in speed.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. It is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of each embodiment.

  In addition, each of the above-described configurations may be configured such that some or all of them are configured by hardware, or are implemented by executing a program by a processor. Further, the control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all the control lines and information lines on the product are necessarily shown. In practice, it can be considered that almost all the components are connected to each other.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Optical disk apparatus controller, 11 ... Controller control part, 12 ... Controller memory, 13 ... Host interface, 14 ... Drive interface, 15 ... Data processing part, 30 ... Optical disk Device unit 31 ... Drive controller 32 ... Optical pickup 33 ... Drive memory 34 ... Controller interface 35 ... Defect processing unit 40 ... Optical disk 46 ... Defect list, 50 ... disk rotation mechanism, 51 ... slider mechanism

Claims (10)

An optical disc reproducing method for reproducing data from an optical disc having a defect list in which an address of a defective cluster and an address of a replacement cluster corresponding to the defective cluster are recorded,
A plurality of data blocks and one parity block capable of recovering the missing data block by error correction processing even if any one data block of the plurality of data blocks is missing,
Performing the first error correction processing on the plurality of data blocks and the parity block;
If the missing data block is unrecoverable, refer to the defect list and read the data block of the replacement cluster based on the reference result;
A method of reproducing an optical disc, comprising: performing the second error correction process on the plurality of data blocks including the data block read from the replacement cluster and the parity block.   2. The optical disk reproducing method according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of the optical disks, and the plurality of data blocks and the parity block are read in parallel. A control unit, a correction processing unit, a reading unit, and a replacement processing unit,
An optical disk apparatus for reproducing data from an optical disk having a defect list in which an address of a defective cluster and an address of a replacement cluster corresponding to the defective cluster are recorded,
The controller is
Even if the reading unit loses a plurality of data blocks and any one data block among the plurality of data blocks, one parity block capable of recovering the missing data block by error correction processing And control to read
The correction processing unit controls to perform the first error correction processing on the plurality of data blocks and the parity block;
When the missing data block is unrecoverable, the reading unit refers to the defect list via the replacement processing unit, and controls to read the data block of the replacement cluster based on the reference result,
The optical disc apparatus, wherein the correction processing unit performs control so that the second error correction processing is performed on the plurality of data blocks including the data block read from the replacement cluster and the parity block.   4. The optical disc apparatus according to claim 3, wherein there are a plurality of the optical discs and the reading units, and the plurality of data blocks and the parity block are read in parallel. A control unit and a replacement processing unit,
An optical disk apparatus for reproducing data from an optical disk having a defect list in which an address of a defective cluster and an address of a replacement cluster corresponding to the defective cluster are recorded,
The replacement processing unit has a function of referring to a defect list recorded on the optical disc and performing a replacement process for reproducing the replacement cluster with respect to the defective cluster,
The control unit controls to play the optical disc without operating the replacement processing unit without performing the replacement process in response to the first playback command from the host device,
The optical disc apparatus, wherein the control unit controls the reproduction unit to operate so as to perform the previous substitution process and reproduce the optical disc in response to a second reproduction command from the host device. An optical disc recording method for recording data on an optical disc having an area for recording a defect list for recording an address of a defective cluster and an address of a replacement cluster corresponding to the defective cluster,
The data is divided into a plurality of data blocks, and even if any one data block of the plurality of data blocks is missing, one parity that can restore the missing data block by error correction processing Add a block,
Recording in the user data area of the optical disc in units of the data block or the parity block,
Read the data block or parity block recorded on the optical disc to evaluate the recording quality,
The procedure of recording the data block or the parity block in which the predetermined recording quality is not secured as a defective cluster in the memory is repeated until the end of the data,
Refer to the previous period memory, record the data block or the parity block recorded in the defective cluster, in a replacement cluster different from the defective cluster,
An optical disc recording method comprising: recording the defect list on the optical disc.   The optical disk recording method according to claim 6, wherein there are a plurality of the optical disks, and the plurality of data blocks and the parity block are recorded and read out in parallel. A control unit, a correction processing unit, a recording / reproducing unit, a data distribution unit, a parity adding unit, and a memory;
An optical disk apparatus for recording data on an optical disk having an area for recording a defect list for recording an address of a defective cluster and an address of a replacement cluster corresponding to the defective cluster,
The controller is
The data distribution unit controls the data to be divided into a plurality of data blocks;
The parity adding unit adds one parity block that can restore the missing data block by error correction processing even if any one data block of the plurality of data blocks is missing. Control
The recording / playback unit records the data block or the parity block in the user data area of the optical disc, and controls to read the data block or the parity block recorded on the optical disc,
Evaluate recording quality,
The procedure of recording the data block or the parity block in which the predetermined recording quality is not secured as a defective cluster in the previous period memory is repeated until the end of the data,
Refer to the previous period memory,
The recording / reproducing unit controls the data block or the parity block recorded in the defective cluster to be recorded in an alternate cluster different from the defective cluster, and to record the defect list on the optical disc. An optical disk device.   9. The optical disc apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the optical disc and the recording / reproducing unit are plural, and the plurality of data blocks and the parity block are recorded and read in parallel. An optical disc having an area for recording a defect list for recording an address of a defective cluster and an address of a replacement cluster corresponding to the defective cluster,
An optical disc characterized in that the defect list includes a flag for identifying an optical disc in which a replacement cluster exists.

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