JP2012010743A - Visual target presenting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for performing a simple three-rod acuity test with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: A visual target presenting apparatus for presenting a visual target to the right and left eyes of a subject includes: a display for displaying the visual target; a separator for separating the visual target in order to present the visual target with a parallax to the right and left eyes; a storage being the storage for storing the visual targets, which stores the visual targets including a first visual target to be the reference of the inspection and a second visual target which is recognized to stand out or to be sunk by prescribed amount from the first visual target by the eyes of the subject; an input device for inputting an arrangement distance; and a controller for causing a display to display the first visual target thereby to allow the first visual target to be recognized by the eyes of the subject by standing-out to a preset inspection distance, on the basis of the input arrangement distance, and then, causing the display to display the second visual target to allow the second visual target to be recognized by the eyes of the subject by standing-out or being sunk by a prescribed amount from the first visual target.

Description

  The present invention relates to an optotype presenting apparatus that presents optotypes to the left and right eyes of a subject in order to examine the binocular vision function of the subject.

  One of the methods for inspecting the binocular function of the subject's eye is a stereoscopic inspection, for example, a three eye test for inspecting the deep visual acuity of the subject's eye. The third base inspection is performed by a dedicated inspection device called a third base meter (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The trigonometer shown in FIG. 11 of Patent Document 1 has two left and right eyelids (bars) fixedly arranged at a position 2.5 m ahead of the subject's eye, and a center located so as to be movable forward and backward. And a rod. And in the three eye test, the subject moved the center heel back and forth, and when the three heels seemed to be lined up (recognized), the center heel stopped moving, and the center heel left and right If it is within 2 cm before and after the eyelid, it is determined that the subject's eye meets the criteria for the third eye test.

  By the way, in recent years, there has been known an optotype presenting apparatus that inspects visual acuity of a subject's eye by presenting (displaying) an optotype on a display such as a liquid crystal panel (for example, see Patent Document 2). Such a device can present various types, shapes, sizes, and the like of the target eye by changing the target displayed on the display. Moreover, in such an apparatus, a binocular visual function test can be performed by giving parallax to a visual target to be presented to the left and right eyes of a subject using polarized light.

JP-A-7-163520 JP 2009-20769 A

  The trivial meter is a dedicated device for performing the trivial examination only, and since the device itself is large, there are few ophthalmic clinics and spectacle stores to be introduced. On the other hand, in the apparatus of Patent Document 2, a target for stereoscopic examination can be presented (displayed), but the target presented to the left and right eyes of the subject only has parallax, and the target is raised. The amount and sinking amount cannot be evaluated by distance.

  In view of the above-described problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an optotype presenting apparatus that can perform a simple sense of distance (such as a triple eye test) with a simple configuration.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) In an optotype presenting apparatus that presents an optotype to the left and right eyes of the subject in order to inspect the binocular vision function of the subject, a display that displays the optotype and an optotype having parallax are examined. Separation means for separating the target displayed on the display and storage means for storing the target displayed on the display for presentation to the left and right eyes of the person, the first view serving as a reference for the examination A target including a target and a second target that is recognized by being raised from the first target by a predetermined amount to the subject's eye or by being depressed by a predetermined amount is stored. Storage means; input means for inputting an installation distance from the display to the inspection position of the subject; and the first target to be detected up to a preset inspection distance based on the installation distance input by the input means. The first optotype is placed on the first target so that it can be recognized by the eye of the examiner. The second target is displayed on the display, and the second target is displayed on the display so that the second target is recognized by being protruded from the first target by a predetermined amount or is depressed by a predetermined amount. And a control means for displaying on the screen.
(2) In the target presentation device of (1), the storage unit stores the first and second targets as image data corresponding to a plurality of installation distances, and the control unit is input by the input unit. Based on the set installation distance, the first and second targets are selected from the storage means, read out, and displayed on the display.
(3) In the target presentation device of (1), the storage unit stores the first and second targets as image data corresponding to a predetermined installation distance, and the control unit is input by the input unit. Based on the set installation distance, the first and second targets read from the storage means are changed and displayed on the display.
(4) In the optotype presenting apparatus according to any one of (1) to (3), the examination distance is a distance from a subject's eye to a position 2.5 m ahead, and the first and second objectives Is a saddle-shaped target,
It is characterized by that.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform a simple sense of distance (triple inspection) with a simple configuration.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of the optotype presenting apparatus according to the present embodiment. An optotype presenting unit 30 is provided on the front surface of the casing 10 of the optotype presenting apparatus 100. The optotype presenting unit 30 is a visual inspection test target 70a (for example, a VA (Visual Acuity) 2.0 Landolt ring target) having a predetermined size even when placed at a distant position such as 6 m from the subject. ) Etc., and a screen having a size that can be presented (displayed), and a color liquid crystal display 31 is arranged inside (see FIG. 2). As the display 31, for example, a display with a resolution of SXGA of 19 inches or 17 inches can be used. The casing 10 is thin enough to be used on a wall.

  A receiving unit 11 that receives an infrared communication signal from a remote controller (hereinafter referred to as a remote controller) 60 that is an operation means is provided below the front surface of the housing 10. Further, setting means (input) for performing various settings (inputs) such as setting (input) of the installation distance of the apparatus 100 (distance from the target presenting unit 30 to the eye of the subject) is provided at the lower part of the housing 10. A function key 12 is provided.

  The remote controller 60 includes a plurality of keys 61 for selecting a target to be displayed on the display 31, a liquid crystal display 62 for displaying the selected target and the like, a transmission unit 63 for transmitting an infrared communication signal, It has. Further, as the switch, an installation distance setting switch that is a setting means (input means) for setting (inputting) the installation distance of the apparatus 100, and a target presentation switch for presenting (displaying) a target for the third base inspection , Etc. are provided.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the optotype presenting unit 30 and the control system of the apparatus 100. The optotype presenting unit 30 includes a color liquid crystal display 31 and a sheet-like polarizing optical member 32 disposed on the front surface of the display 31. The polarization optical member 32 has a size that covers at least the target presentation (display) region of the display 31. The display 31, the receiving unit 11, and the function key 12 are connected to a control unit 40 that is a control unit of the apparatus 100. The control unit 40 is connected to a memory 41 which is a storage means for storing various visual targets, and includes a decoder circuit for decoding a command signal from the remote controller 60 and the like. The control unit 40 controls the display of each pixel of the display 31 by inputting a target switching command signal or the like from the remote controller 60.

  The configuration of the polarizing optical member 32 will be described. The display 31 emits linearly polarized light having a polarization axis in a predetermined direction (vertical direction, horizontal direction, or oblique 45 degree direction). In the present embodiment, light having a vertical polarization axis is emitted. The polarizing optical member 32 has a linear shape extending in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) corresponding to the size of the pixels of the display 31 and is alternately arranged in the vertical direction (vertical direction). It has. The optical region 32a and the optical region 32b convert the light from the display 31 into linearly polarized light having polarization axes that are orthogonal to each other. In the present embodiment, a polarizing optical member 32 having a function equivalent to that of a half-wave plate having a phase difference function is used. As is well known, when the polarization axis of incident light is incident at an angle θ with respect to the high-speed axis (or low-speed axis) of the half-wave plate, the half-wave plate rotates its vibration direction by 2 × θ. Let That is, the half-wave plate functions to rotate the polarization axis direction (vibration direction) of incident light by inclining the optical principal axis direction, which is the fast axis (or slow axis) with respect to the polarization direction of incident light. It has the characteristic that the amount of incident light can be maintained as it is.

  In a binocular visual function test including a stereoscopic test for testing a sense of distance, such as a simple three eye test, a subject is provided with polarizing glasses 90 including a polarizing filter 90L and a polarizing filter 90R having mutually orthogonal polarization axes. The polarizing filter 90L is disposed in front of the left eye of the subject, and the polarizing filter 90R is disposed in front of the right eye of the subject. The polarizing filter 90L of this embodiment has a polarization axis in the 45 degree direction, and the polarizing filter 90R has a polarization axis in the 135 degree direction. In addition, instead of wearing the polarized glasses 90 by the subject, a subjective refractive power inspection device (hereinafter referred to as “Horoputa”) 200 in which a spherical lens, a columnar lens, an auxiliary lens, and the like are switched between the left and right inspection windows is used. May be. In this case, instead of the subject wearing the polarizing glasses 90, a polarizing filter 201L and a polarizing filter 201R having polarization axes orthogonal to each other are arranged in the left inspection window and the right inspection window, respectively.

  On the other hand, the optical region 32a is an optical region for the left eye, and in this embodiment, the optical principal axis direction thereof is the left eye polarizing filter 90L (or the polarizing filter 201L) provided in the polarizing glasses 90 (or the horopter 200). The light from the display 31 is arranged to be converted into light having a polarization direction that coincides with the polarization direction of 45 degrees. The optical region 32b is an optical region for the right eye, and in the present embodiment, the optical principal axis direction thereof is the right eye polarizing filter 90R (or the polarizing filter 201R) provided in the polarizing glasses 90 (or the horopter 200). The light from the display 31 is arranged to be converted into light having a polarization direction that coincides with the polarization direction of 135 degrees. For this reason, when the subject looks at the optotype presenting unit 30 through the polarization filters 90L and 90R (or the polarization filters 201L and 201R) respectively disposed in front of the left and right eyes, the left eye has the polarization filter 90L (polarization filter 201L). Only the emitted light from the optical region 32a that can pass through the optical region 32a is visually recognized, and the emitted light from the optical region 32b is not visually recognized by being blocked by the polarizing filter 90L (polarizing filter 201R). On the other hand, only the outgoing light from the optical region 32b that can pass through the polarizing filter 90R (polarizing filter 201R) is visually recognized by the right eye, and the outgoing light from the optical region 32a is blocked by the polarizing filter 90L (polarizing filter 201L). Is not visible. In this manner, light incident on the left and right eyes of the subject can be separated, and different visual targets can be presented to the left and right eyes of the subject. That is, a visual target having parallax can be presented to the left and right eyes of the subject. For this reason, the polarizing optical member 32 and the polarizing glasses 90 (or the horopter 200) serve as separation means for separating the visual target presented (displayed) on the display 31.

  Next, the three eye test target presented (displayed) on the display 31 will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the visual target (image) of the present embodiment is viewed from the front. FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing how the visual target is seen in the three eye test with this apparatus. In the present embodiment, the inspection distance DE is set to 2.5 m, the installation distance DS is set to 5.0 m, and the protruding amount (sinking amount) from the visual target serving as the inspection reference is set to 2 cm. The installation distance DS can be set in increments of 50 cm from 2.5 m to 6.0 m. Note that the inspection distance DE of the third base inspection is the distance from the apparent position of the visual target serving as the inspection reference to the subject's eye.

  The visual target (image) 70 includes three types of visual targets in order to perform a simple three eye test. The target of the present embodiment is a scissors (stick) -shaped target so that an inspection simulating a three-probe test can be performed with a trigonometer. The target 70 is raised from the position of the installation distance DS to the position of the inspection distance DE and can be seen (recognized) by the subject. A target (first target) 71 serving as a reference for the inspection, and a reference target A visual target (second visual target) 72 that protrudes from the 71 by the distance DU and is visible (recognized) to the subject, and a visual target that is visible (recognized) by the distance DD from the reference visual target 71. A mark (second visual target) 73 is included.

  The visual target 71 includes a left eye visual target 71L and a right eye visual target 71R, and a space W1 is provided between the visual target 71L and the visual target 71R. The visual target 72 includes a left-eye visual target 72L and a right-eye visual target 72R, and a space W2 is provided between the visual target 72L and the visual target 72R. The visual target 73 includes a left eye visual target 73L and a right eye visual target 73R, and a space W3 is provided between the visual target 73L and the visual target 73R. The interval W1 is determined based on the installation distance DS and the inspection distance DE, and the difference between the installation distance DS and the inspection distance DE, that is, the visual target 71 appears to be raised (recognized) from the visual target presenting unit 30. It is considered as an interval. The interval W2 is set such that the target 72 appears to be raised (recognized) by the distance DU from the target 71. The interval W2 of the visual target 72 is relatively determined based on the interval W1 of the visual target 71 determined based on the installation distance DS and the inspection distance DE, and is wider than the interval W1. Similarly, the interval W3 is an interval at which the visual target 73 appears to be depressed (recognized) by the distance DD from the visual target 71. The interval W3 of the visual target 73 is relatively determined based on the interval W1 of the visual target 71 determined based on the installation distance DS and the inspection distance DE, and is smaller than the interval W1.

  In the three-point inspection with the apparatus of the present embodiment, the inspection distance DE is set to 2.5 m so that an inspection simulating the three-point inspection with the three-point meter can be performed. DU) and the amount of sinking of the target 73 (distance DD) are set to 2 cm. The inspection distance DE is equal to the distance from the subject's eye to the two left and right eyelids that are fixedly arranged in the three eyelid inspection with the trimmer meter. The distances DU and DD are set based on the condition for determining that the subject has deep visual acuity in the three eye test with the trimmer meter. That is, in the three eye test with the three eye tester, the center eye movement moved by the operation of the subject is positioned within 2 cm from the left and right eyelids, so that the pass of the third eye inspection is determined. For this reason, the distances DU and DD meet this condition.

  In the present embodiment, the inspection distance DE, the distances DU, and DD are fixed values, and the installation distance DS is a parameter value having eight patterns. Accordingly, the intervals W1 to W3 are determined by the installation distance DS. Therefore, the visual target 70 is prepared as image data corresponding to each installation distance DS and is stored in the memory 41. Therefore, no matter what the installation distance DS is (input), the visual target 70 is selected and presented (displayed) so that the inspection distance DE is 2.5 m.

  An operation in the three eye test with the optotype presenting apparatus 100 having the above configuration will be described. The examiner sets the apparatus 100 before the examination, and determines the examination position of the subject. The examiner sets (inputs) the installation distance DS from the apparatus 100 to the examination position of the subject by pressing the installation distance input switch (or the function key 12) of the remote controller 60. The control unit 40 stores the installation distance DS of the device 100 in the memory 41 based on a command signal from the remote controller 60 (or the function key 12).

  Next, the examiner places the examinee wearing the polarizing glasses 90 (or the examinee in which the horopta 200 is placed in front of the eyes) at the examination position, and pushes the optotype presenting switch to set the target for the third eye examination 70. Present. Based on the command signal from the remote controller 60, the control unit 40 calls (reads) the installation distance DS stored in the memory 41, selects and calls the target 70 corresponding to the installation distance DS from the memory 41 (read). Display on the display 31. Among the visual targets 70, the visual targets 71L, 72L, and 73L for the left eye enter the left eye EL of the subject through the optical region 32a and the polarizing filter 90L (or the polarizing filter 201L). Similarly, the visual targets 71R, 72R and 73R for the right eye enter the right eye ER of the subject via the optical region 32b and the polarizing filter 90R (or the polarizing filter 201R). To the subject, the visual target 71 appears to be (recognized) at a position 2.5 m ahead. Also, the visual targets 72 and 73 appear to be in the vicinity of the visual target 71 (recognized).

  Then, the examiner confirms with the subject how the three targets 71, 72 and 73 look. The subject responds that the target 72 appears to be in front (front) of the target 71, or the target 73 appears to be in the rear (back) of the target 71. If it answers, it can be determined that the subject has deep vision that passes the three eye test.

  In this way, according to the present apparatus, it is possible to easily perform the triple eye test with a simple configuration. In addition, regardless of the installation distance of the apparatus, it appears that there is a visual target serving as a reference for the inspection at a position separated from the subject by a certain distance (inspection distance). For this reason, it is possible to perform a three-point inspection at a constant distance, and improve the inspection accuracy.

In the above description, the target for the third eye test (image) includes three types of targets. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It includes a target that is a reference for the inspection, and a target that appears (recognized) with a predetermined amount of protrusion relative to the reference target and a target that appears to be depressed (recognized) with a predetermined amount. There may be. In the above description, a target (image) corresponding to each installation distance is prepared. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the target may be stored in a memory as vector data (vector image), and the target displayed on the display by the control unit may be changed based on the installation distance setting (input) result. For example, the control unit may be configured to calculate the intervals W1 to W3 based on the installation distance.

  In the above description, a polarizing optical member having a predetermined polarization axis, a polarizing filter, and the like are used to separate the visual target presented to the left and right eyes of the subject. However, circularly polarized light is used. It is good also as a structure. In the above description, in order to separate the visual target presented to the left and right eyes of the subject, the polarizing optical member disposed in front of the display and the polarizing glasses disposed in front of the subject eye However, the present invention is not limited to this. The structure which isolate | separates a target using a color, the structure which isolate | separates a target using a liquid-crystal shutter, etc. may be sufficient. For example, the target presented to the left eye of the subject is red, the target presented to the right eye of the subject is green, red-green glasses (a red filter is disposed for the left eye, and the right eye For example, a configuration may be adopted in which a subject is inspected by wearing glasses having a green filter disposed therein (of course, a red filter and a green filter may be disposed in the horopter as described above). The color is not limited to reddish green. In addition, the eyeglasses with a liquid crystal shutter function that alternately transmit and block light incident on the left and right eyes of the subject are worn by the subject, and the left-eye target is synchronized with the predetermined time interval. And a right eye target may be alternately presented (displayed) for inspection.

  In the above description, the target is presented to perform a simple tripartite examination, but any target is presented as long as the subject's sense of distance is simply examined. It is good also as composition to do.

It is a schematic external view of the optotype presenting apparatus of the present embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of a visual target presentation part, and the control system of an apparatus. It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the optotype (image) of this embodiment from the front. It is the perspective view which showed typically the appearance of the optotype in the triple eye test by this apparatus.

30 Target Display Unit 31 Display 40 Control Unit 60 Remote Control 100 Target Display Device

Claims (4)

In the visual target presenting device for presenting visual targets to the left and right eyes of the subject in order to examine the binocular vision function of the subject,
A display for displaying the target;
Separating means for separating the target displayed on the display in order to present the target having parallax to the left and right eyes of the subject;
Storage means for storing a target displayed on the display, the first target serving as a reference for the examination, and a predetermined amount protruding from the first target in the subject's eye Storage means for storing a target including a second target that is either subducted and recognized;
Input means for inputting an installation distance from the display to the examination position of the subject;
Based on the installation distance input by the input means, the first target is displayed on the display so that the first target is raised and recognized in the subject's eye up to a preset inspection distance; Control means for displaying the second target on the display so that the second target is recognized by the subject's eye by being raised from the first target by a predetermined amount or by being depressed by a predetermined amount; ,
Having
An optotype presenting apparatus characterized by that. The optotype presenting apparatus according to claim 1,
The storage means stores the first and second targets as image data corresponding to a plurality of installation distances,
The control means selects and reads out the first and second targets from the storage means based on the installation distance input by the input means, and displays them on the display.
An optotype presenting apparatus characterized by that. The optotype presenting apparatus according to claim 1,
The storage means stores the first and second visual targets as image data corresponding to a predetermined installation distance,
The control unit changes the first and second targets read from the storage unit based on the installation distance input by the input unit, and displays the first target on the display.
An optotype presenting apparatus characterized by that. In the optotype presenting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The inspection distance is a distance from the subject's eye to a position 2.5 m ahead,
The first and second targets are bowl-shaped targets.
An optotype presenting apparatus characterized by that.

Images