JP2012001499A - Harmful animal repellent and repelling method - Google Patents

Harmful animal repellent and repelling method Download PDF

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JP2012001499A
JP2012001499A JP2010138664A JP2010138664A JP2012001499A JP 2012001499 A JP2012001499 A JP 2012001499A JP 2010138664 A JP2010138664 A JP 2010138664A JP 2010138664 A JP2010138664 A JP 2010138664A JP 2012001499 A JP2012001499 A JP 2012001499A
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repellent
impregnated
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Yasuhiko Tomoda
泰彦 友田
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harmful animal repellent having a high repelling effect on harmful animals and easy to use while keeping safety to human body and farm crops.SOLUTION: The harmful animal repellent comprises a porous impregnated material such as sawdust containing a compound comprising a boron atom and/or germanium atom as an active component impregnated in the material, and a heavy material having a granular form such as sand, and is capable of preventing intrusion of harmful animals such as wild boar by scattering the repellent on an area to prevent intrusion of harmful animals.

Description

本発明は、耕作地において、イノシシや鹿などの野生害獣による農作物の被害を防除する害獣用忌避剤に関し、特に忌避効果が高く、環境負荷を抑えた害獣用忌避剤に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a pest repellent for controlling crop damage caused by wild pests such as wild boars and deer in cultivated land, and particularly to a pest repellent that has a high repellent effect and suppresses environmental burden.

近年、耕作地において、イノシシや鹿などの野生害獣が、人の管理する畑に出没して農作物を食べ荒らすという獣害が問題となっており、その被害面積も増えている。これら野生害獣駆除の対策としては、薬殺や猟殺により駆除する等の方法があるが、そのような方法では作業の危険性が高いことや環境に与える負荷が高いといった問題がある。   In recent years, in the cultivated land, wild beasts such as wild boars and deer have appeared in human-managed fields and eaten and devastated crops. As a countermeasure against extermination of these wild pests, there is a method of extermination by killing medicine or hunting. However, such a method has a problem of high work risk and high load on the environment.

このため、獣害を忌避させる効果のある化学物質を主成分とした忌避剤が、主に使用されている。   For this reason, repellents mainly composed of chemical substances effective in repelling animal damage are mainly used.

従来の害獣用忌避剤は、ルバフランやベルトアセタールを有効成分として含むものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。また、従来の害獣用忌避剤は、ジトリメチロールプロパンを有効成分とするものがある（例えば、特許文献２参照）。   Conventional pest repellents include those containing rubafuran or belt acetal as active ingredients (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Moreover, the conventional pest repellent includes ditrimethylolpropane as an active ingredient (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

特開２００２−１７３４０１号広報Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-173401 特開平７−２７７９０３号広報JP 7-277903 A

しかし、従来の害獣用忌避剤は、有機化合物やアルコール類を有効成分として使用することから、人体及び農作物への安全性という観点において、取扱いに細心の注意を払うことが要求され、作業者への負担が大きいという課題を有する。また、土壌の質を悪化させる虞があるという課題を有する。   However, since conventional pest repellents use organic compounds and alcohols as active ingredients, they are required to be handled with great care in terms of safety to the human body and crops. There is a problem that the burden is heavy. Moreover, it has the subject that there exists a possibility of deteriorating the quality of soil.

本発明は、前記課題を解決するためになされたもので、人体及び農作物への安全性を維持しつつ、害獣に対する忌避効果が高く、さらに取扱いが容易な害獣用忌避剤を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a pest repellent that is highly repellent to pests and that is easy to handle while maintaining safety to human bodies and crops. With the goal.

本発明者らは、前記課題を解決すべく検討を続けた結果、各種害獣、特にイノシシや鹿などの野生害獣の忌避剤として、ホウ素原子及び／又はゲルマニウム原子を含む化合物が極めて有効であることを見出し、本発明を導き出した。かくして、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、有効成分として、ホウ素原子及び／又はゲルマニウム原子を含む化合物を含有するものである。このように、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、ホウ素原子及び／又はゲルマニウム原子を含む化合物を含有することから、取扱いに注意を要する有機化合物やアルコール類を使用せずに、人体への害が低く取扱いが容易な化合物を使用することとなり、作業者の作業負担を軽減することができる。   As a result of continuous studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that compounds containing boron atoms and / or germanium atoms are extremely effective as repellents for various pests, particularly wild pests such as wild boars and deer. The present invention was derived from the fact that it was found. Thus, the pest repellent according to the present invention contains a compound containing a boron atom and / or a germanium atom as an active ingredient. As described above, the pest repellent according to the present invention contains a compound containing a boron atom and / or a germanium atom. The use of a compound that is less harmful and easy to handle can reduce the work burden on the operator.

特に、ホウ素原子は、植物の生育に必要不可欠な元素の一つであることから、従来の害獣用忌避剤とは異なり、環境へ与える負荷が低い物質である。ホウ素原子を含む化合物としては、例えば、ホウ酸（H3BO3）があり、これは、いわゆるホウ酸団子として家庭でのゴキブリ駆除を目的として一般に使用されている。しかし、ホウ素原子を含む化合物を、
イノシシなどの野生害獣の忌避剤として使用できることは、これまで知られていなかった。ホウ素原子を含む化合物を用いて害獣を効果的に忌避させることは、本発明者の鋭意研究の結果として、新たに見出されたものである。 In particular, since boron atoms are one of the elements indispensable for the growth of plants, unlike conventional pest repellents, they are substances with a low burden on the environment. Examples of the compound containing a boron atom include boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ), which is generally used as a so-called boric acid dumpling for the purpose of controlling cockroaches at home. However, compounds containing boron atoms
Until now, it has not been known that it can be used as a repellent for wild pests such as wild boars. Effective repelling of pests using a compound containing a boron atom has been newly found as a result of the inventors' diligent research.

また、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は必要に応じて、多孔質性を有し、前記化合物を含浸させる含浸体と、粒状形状を有し、前記含浸体に重みを与える重量体とを備えるものである。このように、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、多孔質性を有し、前記化合物を含浸させる含浸体と、粒状形状を有し、前記含浸体に重みを与える重量体とを備えることから、多孔質性により大きな表面積をもつ含浸体に前記化合物が含浸され、かつ当該含浸体に重みが加えられることとなり、前記化合物による忌避効果の持続性を高めるとともに、風害発生時の含浸体の拡散に伴う前記化合物の忌避効果低下を抑制することができる。   Further, the pest repellent according to the present invention has, as necessary, an impregnated body that is porous and impregnates the compound, and a weight body that has a granular shape and gives weight to the impregnated body. It is to be prepared. As described above, the pest repellent according to the present invention includes a porous impregnated body impregnated with the compound and a weight body that has a granular shape and gives weight to the impregnated body. Therefore, the impregnated body having a large surface area due to the porosity is impregnated with the compound, and weight is applied to the impregnated body. A decrease in the repelling effect of the compound accompanying diffusion can be suppressed.

また、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は必要に応じて、前記含浸体が、火山灰及び／又はおがくずから成り、前記重量体が、砂から成るものである。このように、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、天然由来の安価な材料を使用することから、害獣が侵入してくる畑に直接散布できる安全性を有するとともに、当該散布後には畑の土壌に外見的にも自然に馴染んだ状態で害獣の接触率を高めることとなり、害獣をより効果的に忌避させることができる。   Further, in the pest repellent according to the present invention, the impregnated body is made of volcanic ash and / or sawdust, and the weight body is made of sand, if necessary. As described above, the pest repellent according to the present invention uses a natural and inexpensive material, and thus has safety that can be sprayed directly on the field where the pest invades, and after the spraying, It will increase the contact rate of the pests in a state of being familiar with the soil of the natural environment, and the pests can be repelled more effectively.

また、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は必要に応じて、前記含浸体及び前記重量体を一体的に混ぜ合わせる結合剤としての寒天を備えるものである。このように、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、寒天の接着結合力を用いて前記含浸体及び前記重量体を一体的に混ぜ合わせることから、含浸体に対して効率的に重みが加えられることとなり、風害発生時の含浸体の拡散に伴う前記化合物の忌避効果低下をさらに抑制することができる。   Moreover, the pest repellent according to the present invention includes agar as a binder for integrally mixing the impregnated body and the weight body as necessary. As described above, the pest repellent according to the present invention mixes the impregnated body and the weight body integrally using the adhesive bond strength of agar, and thus efficiently adds weight to the impregnated body. As a result, it is possible to further suppress a decrease in the repellent effect of the compound accompanying the diffusion of the impregnated body when a wind damage occurs.

本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤の散布による試験結果を示す。The test result by spraying of the repellent for pests concerning this invention is shown.

本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、有効成分として、ホウ素原子及び／又はゲルマニウム原子を含む化合物を含有するものである。ホウ素原子及び／又はゲルマニウム原子を含む化合物は、従来の害獣用忌避剤に含まれるような人工的に合成された有機化合物やアルコール類等と比較して安全性が高いものが多い。本発明の忌避剤は、この化合物を粒剤、粉剤、乳剤、エアゾール剤など種々の剤型に調製して使用することができる。また、マイクロカプセル化したり、プラスチックシートに混入、塗布したものを袋状に成形したりして用いてもよい。さらに、上記の有効成分の他にも、希釈剤、増量剤、保留剤、賦型剤、乳化剤などを適当に配合させて、様々な剤型のものを作製することができる。   The pest repellent according to the present invention contains a compound containing a boron atom and / or a germanium atom as an active ingredient. Many compounds containing boron atoms and / or germanium atoms have higher safety than artificially synthesized organic compounds, alcohols, and the like that are included in conventional pest repellents. The repellent of the present invention can be used by preparing this compound in various dosage forms such as granules, powders, emulsions and aerosols. Further, it may be used by microencapsulating or by mixing and applying it into a plastic sheet into a bag shape. In addition to the above active ingredients, various dosage forms can be prepared by appropriately blending diluents, extenders, retention agents, excipients, emulsifiers and the like.

本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、取扱いの容易性から、ホウ素原子を含む化合物であることが好ましい。ホウ素原子を含む化合物としては、ホウ酸（H3BO3)やホウ砂［Na2B4O5(OH)4・8H2O］を使用することができる。 The pest repellent according to the present invention is preferably a compound containing a boron atom from the viewpoint of ease of handling. As the compound containing a boron atom, boric acid (H 3 BO 3) or borax [Na 2 B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 · 8H 2 O] can be used.

ホウ酸は、常温常圧において白色粉末であり、ホウ酸石の鉱物から得られる。ホウ砂は、ホウ酸塩からなるホウ素鉱石を鉱物とするもので、アメリカのカリフォルニア乾燥地域における大鉱床から産出されたものを使用することができる。   Boric acid is a white powder at normal temperature and pressure, and is obtained from a borate mineral. Borax is a mineral made of borate ore composed of borate, and can be produced from a large deposit in the dry area of California in the United States.

本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、ホウ酸をおがくずに含浸し、このおがくずを寒天及び砂に混ぜ合わせ、イノシシの侵入を防止すべき領域に散布して使用する。   The pest repellent according to the present invention is used by impregnating boric acid with sawdust, mixing the sawdust with agar and sand, and spraying it on the area where wild boar should be prevented.

おがくずは、ノコギリやチェーンソーなどの切削道具を用いて木材を加工する際に副次的に生成される微細な木屑であり、製材所などで産生するものを使用することができる。
ホウ酸をおがくずに含浸させる際には、まずホウ酸を水に溶かしてホウ酸水溶液を作製し、このホウ酸水溶液を貯留槽に貯留し、この貯留槽におがくずを投入することで浸漬させる。 Sawdust is fine wood chips that are produced as a secondary accessory when processing wood using a cutting tool such as a saw or a chainsaw, and can be produced at a sawmill or the like.
When impregnating boric acid with sawdust, boric acid is first dissolved in water to prepare a boric acid aqueous solution, this boric acid aqueous solution is stored in a storage tank, and the sawdust is poured into this storage tank for immersion.

さらに、このおがくずを寒天及び砂と混ぜ合わせることによって、重さのある砂が寒天の接着力によりおがくずと接着結合することとなり、質量の軽い材料であるおがくずが風に飛ばされないように、砂により安定的に固定することができる。   Furthermore, when this sawdust is mixed with agar and sand, the heavy sand is bonded to the sawdust due to the adhesive force of the agar, so that the sawdust, which is a light material, is not blown by the wind. It can be fixed stably.

この寒天としては、市販されているものを使用することができ、特に粉末状のものが好ましい。また、寒天の原料である天草は、海岸部で大量に採取できることからコスト的に安価であるだけでなく、その繊維質により畑等の土壌に付着する（絡みつく）性質を有することから、風水害に対しても、その付着した土壌から流されにくく、土壌への滞留時間を長期化させることができる。また、上記の砂は、粒径が2〜0.2mm程度の粗砂でもよいし、粒径が0.2〜0.02mm程度の細砂でもよい。また、上記のイノシシの侵入を防止すべき領域としては、農作物を栽培する畑等が挙げられる。本害獣用忌避剤は、土壌で栽培される作物の多くで欠乏症の出やすい微量要素であるホウ素を含有することから、土壌環境に負荷をかけることなく、土壌の肥料にもなるという利点がある。   As this agar, what is marketed can be used, and a powdery thing is especially preferable. Amakusa, which is a raw material for agar, is not only inexpensive because it can be collected in large quantities on the coast, but also because it has the property of attaching (tangling) to soil such as fields due to its fiber, On the other hand, it is difficult to be washed away from the attached soil, and the residence time in the soil can be prolonged. The sand may be coarse sand having a particle size of about 2 to 0.2 mm, or fine sand having a particle size of about 0.2 to 0.02 mm. In addition, examples of the area where the invasion of the wild boar should be prevented include a field where a crop is cultivated. This pest repellent contains boron, a trace element that is prone to deficiency in many crops cultivated in the soil, and therefore has the advantage of being a fertilizer for the soil without burdening the soil environment. is there.

なお、ゲルマニウム酸は、ホウ酸と同様に、ジオール基とエステル結合することが知られており、その構造がホウ酸に近いことから、上記のホウ酸に代替して利用してもよい。また、本発明に係る害獣用忌避剤は、イノシシに限定されず、田畑の農作物を食べ荒らす狸、あなぐま等の各種の動物に対して広く利用することができる。   Germanic acid is known to form an ester bond with a diol group in the same manner as boric acid, and since its structure is close to boric acid, it may be used instead of boric acid. In addition, the pest repellent according to the present invention is not limited to wild boars, and can be widely used for various animals such as rice bran and red sea bream that eat and destroy field crops.

また、上記ではおがくずを使用したが、多孔質性を有する材料であれば、おがくずに限定されず、例えば、火山灰（シラス）、または陶磁器の切削粉体を使用することもできる。   Although sawdust is used in the above, the material is not limited to sawdust as long as it has a porous property, and for example, volcanic ash (shirasu) or ceramic cutting powder can be used.

また、上記では、前記化合物を含浸させる構成としたが、単に前記化合物を付着させてもよい。この場合には、製造工程を単純化することにより、製造コストを抑えることができる。また、上記では、多孔質性を有するおがくずと、重みを有する砂とを混ぜ合わせて相互の利点を活かす構成としたが、これに限定されず、例えば、多孔質性と重みを共に有する材料を用いることもできる。すなわち、重みを有する材料が、多孔質で構成されることで、前記化合物を含浸させる材料も兼用する場合である。この場合には、この材料に前記化合物を含浸させるのみであることから、簡素な構成で上記の害獣用忌避剤を製造できることとなり、製造コストをさらに抑えることができる。
〔実施例〕
以下、実施例を示して本発明について具体的に説明するが、本発明は、下記実施例により限定されるものではない。 In the above description, the compound is impregnated, but the compound may be simply adhered. In this case, the manufacturing cost can be suppressed by simplifying the manufacturing process. In the above, the sawdust having porosity and the sand having weight are mixed to make use of the mutual advantages, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a material having both porosity and weight is used. It can also be used. That is, it is a case where the material having a weight is made of a porous material so that the material impregnated with the compound is also used. In this case, since the material is only impregnated with the compound, the above repellent for pests can be produced with a simple configuration, and the production cost can be further reduced.
〔Example〕
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not limited by the following Example.

露地栽培で早生温州を栽培する園地を対象として、本発明の害獣用忌避剤によるイノシシの園地内への侵入状況を確認した。   In the garden where the early-growing Wenzhou was cultivated by open field cultivation, the invasion situation of the wild boar into the garden by the pest repellent of the present invention was confirmed.

ホウ素を３６％含有し、副成分にナトリウムを含有するアルカリ性のホウ酸塩肥料（３６ホウ酸塩肥料）５００ｇを、上記園地の外周部に散布し、約１ヶ月半、イノシシの園地への侵入状況を観察した。散布日及び試験期間の降水量を図１（ａ）に示す。
（試験結果）
試験期間におけるイノシシの侵入状況に関する試験結果を図１（ｂ）に示す。この結果から、２００９年１０月７日の散布から２００９年１１月２４日までの約１ヶ月半の期間中、園地内へのイノシシの侵入は無く、作物の収穫を行った。この結果から、本発明の害獣用忌避剤を土壌に散布することにより、イノシシの園地内への侵入がなかった。 500 g of alkaline borate fertilizer (36 borate fertilizer) containing 36% boron and sodium as an accessory component is sprayed on the outer periphery of the above orchard, and the invasion of the boar into the orchard for about one and a half months The situation was observed. Fig. 1 (a) shows the precipitation date and precipitation during the test period.
(Test results)
The test result regarding the invasion status of the wild boar during the test period is shown in FIG. From this result, during the period of about one and a half months from spraying on October 7, 2009 to November 24, 2009, there was no invasion of wild boar in the garden, and crops were harvested. From this result, there was no invasion of the wild boar into the orchard by spraying the pest repellent of the present invention on the soil.

なお、その後の改良発明においても、上記の３６ホウ酸塩肥料に、おがくず、寒天および砂を混ぜ合わせたものを本発明の害獣用忌避剤として使用した場合も、上記以上に散布中の約３ヶ月以上の期間にわたり園地内へのイノシシの侵入は無かった。   In the subsequent improved invention, the above-mentioned 36 borate fertilizer mixed with sawdust, agar and sand is used as a repellent for pests of the present invention. There was no wild boar intrusion into the park for more than three months.

このような結果から、本発明の害獣用忌避剤は、好ましくは、収穫直前の緊急的な被害を回避するために使用することができ、イノシシの侵入を回避することで作物を確実に収穫することができる。



From these results, the pest repellent of the present invention can preferably be used to avoid urgent damage just before harvesting, and reliably harvest crops by avoiding the invasion of wild boar. can do.



Claims (5)

有効成分として、ホウ素原子及び／又はゲルマニウム原子を含む化合物を含有することを特徴とする
害獣用忌避剤。 A pest repellent comprising a compound containing a boron atom and / or a germanium atom as an active ingredient. 請求項１に記載の害獣用忌避剤において、
多孔質性を有し、前記化合物を含浸させる含浸体と、
粒状形状を有し、前記含浸体に重みを与える重量体とを備えることを特徴とする
害獣用忌避剤。 In the repellent for pests according to claim 1,
An impregnated body having porosity and impregnating the compound;
A pest repellent, characterized by comprising a weight body having a granular shape and giving weight to the impregnated body. 請求項２に記載の害獣用忌避剤において、
前記含浸体が、火山灰及び／又はおがくずから成り、
前記重量体が、砂から成ることを特徴とする
害獣用忌避剤。 In the repellent for pests according to claim 2,
The impregnated body is composed of volcanic ash and / or sawdust,
The pest repellent, wherein the weight body is made of sand. 請求項２又は請求項３に記載の害獣用忌避剤において、
前記含浸体及び前記重量体を一体的に混ぜ合わせる結合剤としての寒天を備えることを特徴とする
害獣用忌避剤。 In the repellent for pests according to claim 2 or claim 3,
A repellent for pests, comprising agar as a binder for integrally mixing the impregnated body and the weight body. ホウ素原子及び／又はゲルマニウム原子を含む化合物を火山灰及び／又はおがくずから成る含浸体に含浸し、寒天を用いて当該含浸体を砂と一体的に混ぜ合わせ、害獣の侵入を防止すべき領域に散布することを特徴とする害獣の忌避方法。 A compound containing boron atoms and / or germanium atoms is impregnated into an impregnated body made of volcanic ash and / or sawdust, and the impregnated body is integrally mixed with sand using agar, to prevent the invasion of harmful animals. A method of repelling pests, characterized by spraying.
JP2010138664A 2010-06-17 2010-06-17 Harmful animal repellent and repelling method Pending JP2012001499A (en)

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JP2018093738A (en) * 2016-12-07 2018-06-21 和志 黒田 Aroma dispersion equipment and harmful animal repelling method using the aroma dispersion equipment

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