JP2012000998A - Method of manufacturing plastic-worked lumber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide plastic-worked lumber physically stable, small in dispersion of quality among products, never causing distortion due to change of an ambient environmental condition after product formation, having high hardness, and hardly causing a scar or dent.SOLUTION: This plastic-worked lumber is subjected to plastic work by heating and compressing thicknesses of wood materials NW1, NW2 by heating compression force applied to the wood materials NW1, NW2, and manufactured by setting the air-dried specific gravity of the wood materials subjected to the plastic work after being heated and compressed ≥0.85, and setting intersection angles on acute angle sides formed by all annual growth ring lines RL on butt end surfaces of the plastic-worked lumber PW1, PW2 and back-side flat grain faces B1 of the plastic-worked lumber PW1, PW2 or surfaces of tree center-side straight grain faces thereof in the range ≤45°.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing plastically processed wood in which compression is applied at least in the thickness direction, and particularly relates to a method for producing plastically processed wood that can be produced with less quality variation between products.

Conventionally, as wood species, for example, those with low density and insufficient hardness, such as cedar, it is known that hardness that can withstand practical use can be obtained by compressing and densifying. Yes.
As for this, the present applicant previously bonded the surface material obtained by compressing the entire thickness of the wood of the invention of Patent Document 1 to the inner layer material having a groove shape having a predetermined cross-sectional shape. Thus, a patent application was filed for laminated plastically processed wood that can be used for floors, waistboards, tables, and the like. In addition, the present applicant has conventionally established a technique for consolidating the entire thickness of wood with a press board or the like while adjusting the moisture content (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-301885 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-53705

However, in the compressed material in which the entire thickness is consolidated, even if the compressed material is consolidated at the same compression rate, the desired hardness is not uniquely obtained. That is, even when compression is applied in the same manner, the physical properties are not constant, and the quality between products may vary.
This is because, in wood, there are generally an early wood part that constitutes between the annual ring lines and an late wood part that constitutes the annual ring line, and the cell wall thickness in the early wood part is thin. In addition, because of the large void ratio (in the cell lumen) in the early wood part and the arrangement state of the annual rings (early wood part and late wood part) differ depending on the lumber that is sawn, compression deformation It seems that it was concentrated locally and the whole thickness was not uniformly compressed.

In particular, when compressing by surface contact using a press panel divided into a plurality of parts, this local compressive deformation often occurs in the inner layer where load is easily applied. However, the desired surface hardness is often not obtained, and since it is difficult to generate local compressive deformation in the surface layer portion, there is an effect that it is difficult to have scars and dents commensurate with the degree of compression. It was hard to get.
Furthermore, since the entire thickness is not uniformly compressed, the dimensional change rate due to changes in the surrounding environmental conditions varies within the product, so distortion may occur due to changes in the surrounding environmental conditions after commercialization. It was.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and is stable in physical properties, has little variation in quality between products, and is free from distortion due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a plastically processed wood that does not generate, has a high hardness, and is unlikely to have scars or dents.

The method for producing plastic-worked wood according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wood is heat-compressed and plastically processed by a heat-compressing force applied to the thickness direction of the wood, and the plastic-worked after the heat-compressed. When the wood is dried in the atmosphere, the air-drying specific gravity when the moisture content is 15% is 0.85 or more, and all the annual ring lines of the lumber surface of the wood after the plastic working and the plastic working The crossing angle on the acute angle formed by the back side plane of the wood or the surface of the wood side side plane is within a range of 45 degrees or less.

  By the way, heat compression with respect to the above-mentioned wood is to reduce the area of the mouth end surface by heat-compressing in the direction parallel to the end face of the wood by an external force applied to the surface of the wood or the face of the wood. Meaning, the grain surface is a surface cut in the tangential direction of the annual ring line in parallel with the fiber direction of the wood (the length direction of the wood), and the mouth end surface is wood It is a surface cut in a direction intersecting with the fiber direction, that is, a surface cut perpendicularly or obliquely to the fiber direction of the wood. Note that the above-mentioned grid plane is a plane that is cut in the radial direction of the annual ring line in parallel with the fiber direction of the wood, and here, an additional surface between the grid and the plate is included in the grid. Shall be.

The plastic working in which the entire thickness is compressed is, for example, set so that the moisture content of the wood is substantially uniform over the entire thickness, and is heated and compressed under a predetermined condition using a press panel or the like divided into a plurality of parts. Can be formed. Note that the temperature, pressure, time, compression speed, and the like, which are predetermined conditions at this time, are determined in advance through experiments or the like using tree species, moisture content, and the like as parameters.
And the air dry specific gravity of the above-mentioned wood is 0.85 or more, specifically, it can have characteristics such as hardness and wear resistance equivalent to or higher than ebony .

Further, the all-annular ring line of the wood end surface of the plastic-processed wood and the end surface of the wood core side or the side surface of the wood surface in the range of 2 mm or less as seen from the front surface of the wood, along the wood surface or wood surface of the wood core side. The acute angle crossing angle formed by the drawn virtual boundary line is within the range of 45 degrees or less. When the present inventors compress the wood before compression made of plate material or grid material, the crossing angle As a result of repeated intensive experimental research focusing on the fact that the material becomes gradually smaller, the variation in the property values such as hardness and wear resistance is reduced and the physical properties are stabilized. The generation of distortion due to the loss, and the hardness becomes remarkably high and scars and dents are hardly formed. The grain face or ridge on the side of the tree in the range of 2 mm or less from the face or ridge face When the intersecting angle on the acute angle side formed by the virtual boundary line drawn along the plane is within the range of 85 degrees or less, especially on the acute angle side formed by the annual ring line and the virtual boundary line of the plastically processed wood after heat compression The crossing angle is found to be within a range of 45 degrees or less, and is set based on this finding.

In addition, it is drawn along the grain face or face plane on the tree center side within the range of 2 mm or less from the wood face side or face face of the tree center side as viewed from the tree ring surface and the tree face side of the wood face. In the range where the acute angle formed by the virtual boundary line is within the range of 85 degrees and 45 degrees or less, the present inventors have conducted extensive experimental research, and as a result, sawed in the radial direction (radial direction) of the annual ring line In an uncompressed state, the hypothesis is usually drawn along the side face of the timber side within a range of 2 mm or less from the all-annual ring line of the timber face of the timber and the side face of the timber side of the timber side. When the compression angle is 45 ° to 90 ° before compression and the compression angle is 45 ° to 90 ° before compression, when heating and compression is performed so that the air-drying specific gravity before heating compression is more than twice, the intersection before compression Although the angle is 45 to 85 degrees and cracks are not likely to occur, the crossing angle before compression is 85 degrees. Large ones in the large buckling of annual ring lines, in some cases, found that the commercial value is lost cracked, in which is set based on this finding. In addition, it is more preferable if the crossing angle before compression is 60 degrees or less because almost no cracks are generated.

  In general, the timber produced in the radial direction (radial direction) of the annual ring and distributed in the market is in the state before compression, the entire annual ring line of the lumber face of the wood and the core side of the lube face Since the crossing angles on the acute angle side formed by the virtual boundary line drawn along the crossing plane on the tree side within a range of 2 mm or less from the crossing plane of the wood are all 45 degrees to 90 degrees, the crossing angle of the wood after compression The maximum value is normally 15 to 45 degrees. In addition, the pre-processed wood that is the raw material of the plastically processed wood made of a grain material is a virtual drawn along the grain surface on the tree center side within a range of 2 mm or less from the grain surface on the tree core side of the mouthpiece surface. Since it is preferable to use those in which the crossing angles on the acute angle side formed by the boundary line and the annual ring line are all 0 to 45 degrees or less, unless the wood grain material and the wood grain material are specified, It is preferable to use those in which all of the acute angle crossing angles formed by the virtual boundary line of the unprocessed wood and the annual ring line of the end face are 85 degrees or less. More preferably, it is 60 degrees or less. Moreover, as a result, it is preferable that the intersection angles on the acute angle side formed by the virtual boundary line of the end of the tree and the annual ring line are all 45 degrees or less.

Incidentally, the above-mentioned air-dry specific gravity is the specific gravity when wood is dried in the air, and is usually expressed by the specific gravity when the moisture content is 15%, and water having the same volume as the weight when wood is dried. It is the value which compared the weight of. The larger the value, the heavier, the smaller the lighter. For example, natural ebony is about 0.85 to 1.04, shidan is about 1.03, Japanese cedar cedar that is often used domestically or domestically is 0.36, cypress is 0.44, larch is 0.50, Dodomatsu is 0.44, Kiri is 0.25, Chestnut is 0.60, Beech is 0.65, Oak is 0.58, Hippopotamus is 0.60, Itagii is 0.61, Karin is 0.61, Apiton is 0 .72, Falkata 0.27, Malapapaia 0.50, Gumelina 0.45, Rubber 0.64, Yellow Poplar 0.45, Italian Poplar 0.35, Eucalyptus 0.75, Cayuputi 0.75, Acacia mangium is about 0.63.

The air-dry specific gravity is ultimately set in consideration of characteristics such as tree species, cost, and required hardness and wear resistance, but the compression ratio is too high to increase the air-dry specific gravity. If the height is increased, the fibers constituting the wood are broken and cracks are generated, resulting in loss of merchantability. Therefore, the value of the air-dry specific gravity measured immediately before the cracks are generated by high compression becomes the maximum value. Incidentally, according to an experimental study by the present inventors, it was found that about 1.2 is the upper limit of the air-dry specific gravity when using cedar wood. Therefore, the maximum value of the air-dry specific gravity in the present invention is a finite value determined by the tree species or the like. And, the air-drying specific gravity of the wood is 0.85 or more is to give characteristics such as hardness and abrasion resistance equal to or higher than that of ebony. The air-dry specific gravity of 0.85 is not strictly required to be 0.85 but may be about 0.85 or more, and is naturally an approximate value including an error, which is an error of several percent. Is not to deny.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a plastically processed wood , wherein the wood is heated and compressed by a heat compression force applied to the wood and plastically processed, and the plastically processed wood after the heat compression is compressed. An acute angle having a dry specific gravity of 0.85 or more, and formed by all annual ring lines of the wood-finished surface of the plastic-processed wood and the surface of the back-side plate surface or the tree-centered side surface of the plastic-processed wood This is plastically processed so that the crossing angle on the side falls within a range of 45 degrees or less.

Therefore, the entire thickness of the wood is compressed and plastically processed, and an acute angle is formed between the all-annual ring line of the lumber face of the wood and the virtual boundary line drawn along the plank plane or the grid face on the tree center side of the lumber face. Since the crossing angle on the side is within the range of 45 degrees or less, most of the cells in the early wood part are compressed and deformed, and there are very few voids (in the cell lumen), and the entire thickness is compressed almost uniformly, The physical properties are stable. Therefore, there is little variation in the quality between products. In addition, since the entire thickness is compressed almost uniformly in this way, variation in the dimensional change rate due to changes in the ambient environment conditions after product production within the product is reduced, so that changes due to changes in ambient environment conditions after product manufacture. There is no distortion. In addition, most of the cells in the early wood part are compressed and deformed and the cell walls overlap, and the voids in the cell lumen are extremely small, which further increases the occupancy ratio of the late wood part. It has high hardness and scars and dents are difficult to be attached. Specifically, when the wood has an air-dry specific gravity of 0.85 or more, it can have characteristics such as hardness and wear resistance equivalent to or higher than those of ebony.
In particular, the intersection angle on the acute angle side formed by the all-annular ring line of the cuff surface of the compressed and plastic-processed wood and the virtual boundary line drawn along the platen side or the crest side of the tree side of the cuff surface is defined as All are 45 degrees or less, and buckling deformation of the annual ring line due to heat compression is prevented, so cracks such as cracks do not enter. Therefore, high product quality can be ensured.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing plastic working wood according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of plastically processed wood according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is an explanatory diagram of supply of unprocessed wood as a raw material, and (b) is a heat compression start state. (C) is an explanatory diagram according to the hermetic heating compression start state, (d) is an explanatory diagram of a vapor pressure control process according to the hermetic heating compression state, (e) is an explanatory diagram according to the hermetic cooling state, and (f) is plastic. It is explanatory drawing of taking-out of processed wood. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a wood mouth surface, a plate surface, and a grid surface when the plastically processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention is a plate material, and (a) is an embodiment of the present invention. The perspective view of the wood before a process used as the raw material for forming the plastic processing wood which concerns on the form of (2), (b) is a front view which shows the front end, (c) is the plastic processing wood of embodiment of this invention A perspective view and (d) are the front views which show the end face. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of the plastic processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention when the plastic processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention is a plate material, and (a) is before and after the compression of the case 1 (B) is explanatory drawing before and behind the compression of case 2. FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of the plastic processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention when the plastic processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention is a sheet material. (D) is explanatory drawing before and after the compression of the case 4. FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of the plastic working wood according to the embodiment of the present invention in the case where the plastic working wood according to the embodiment of the present invention is a plate material or a grid material, and (e) is a plastic working wood. Explanatory drawing before and after compression of case 5 in which wood is a plate material, (f) is an explanatory view before and after compression of case 6 in which plastic-worked wood is a mesh material. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example of the plastically processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention when the plastically processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention is a checkered material. It is explanatory drawing. FIG. 8 is a table showing the intersection angle on the acute angle side corresponding to case 1 of the embodiment of FIG. 4 to case 5 of the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 9 is a table showing the intersection angle on the acute angle side corresponding to case 6 of the embodiment of FIG. 6 and case 7 of the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a wood mouth surface, a plate surface, and a cell surface when the plastically processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention is a mesh material, and (a) is an embodiment of the present invention. The perspective view of the wood before a process used as the raw material for forming the plastic working wood which concerns on a form, (b) is a front view which shows the mouth end surface, (c) is the perspective of the plastic working wood which concerns on embodiment of this invention FIG. 4D is a front view showing the mouth end surface. FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram of hardness showing the characteristics of the plastic working wood according to the embodiment of the present invention in comparison with the comparative example. FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram of wear depth, which is an index of wear resistance, showing the characteristics of plastic-worked wood according to the embodiment of the present invention in comparison with a comparative example. FIG. 13 is a table of air-dry specific gravity, hardness, wear depth, and bending Young's modulus showing the characteristics of plastic-worked wood according to an embodiment of the present invention in comparison with a comparative example. FIG. 14A is an electron micrograph (500 times) showing a partially enlarged pre-processed wood that is a raw material for forming the plastically processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a figure of the electron micrograph (500 times) which expands and shows a part of plastic processing wood which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 15 is an electron micrograph (50 times) showing an enlarged view of a part of plastic-worked wood that has been compressed 1.3 times the air-drying specific gravity before heat compression.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the present embodiment, the same symbols and the same reference numerals mean the same or corresponding parts and functions, and therefore redundant description is omitted here.
First, a procedure for manufacturing the plastically processed wood PW1, PW2 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 1, a plastically processed wood manufacturing apparatus 1 for manufacturing plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 according to the present embodiment has an internal space IS mainly formed by a two-part structure of an upper press panel 10A and a lower press panel 10B. The press plate 10 to be formed and the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press plate 10A are arranged opposite to the peripheral portion 10b of the lower press plate 10B that seals the internal space IS within a predetermined vertical movement range of the upper press plate 10A. A seal member 11 that is connected to the inner space IS from the side surface of the lower press panel 10B, a pipe 12 having a pipe port 12a for discharging water vapor from the inner space IS, and the vapor pressure in the pipe 12 is detected. The upper pressure supplying steam through the pressure gauge P2, the downstream valve V5, the drain pipe 13 connected to the valve V5, and the pipe 14 connected to the valve V6 in the internal space IS. And a piping port 14a or the like of the scan board 10A.

  Further, in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10, piping paths 14b and 14c are formed for raising the temperature to a desired temperature by passing high-temperature steam. Pipes ST2 and ST3 branched from the steam supply side pipe ST1 and steam discharge side pipes ET1 and ET2 are connected to the paths 14b and 14c, respectively. Further, in the middle of the steam supply side pipes ST1, ST2, ST3, valves V1, V2, V3 and a pressure gauge P1 for detecting the steam pressure in the pipe ST1 are arranged, and the steam discharge side pipes ET1, ET2 Is connected to the drain pipe 13 via a valve V4. In addition, the boiler apparatus which supplies water vapor | steam to piping ST1, and the press raising / lowering apparatus containing the hydraulic mechanism for raising / lowering and pressurizing the upper press board 10A with respect to the lower press board 10B of the fixed side of the press board 10 are abbreviate | omitted. Has been. Further, in the present embodiment, high-temperature water vapor is introduced using the pipe 14 connected to the valve V6 in order to heat the interior space IS formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10. However, other than this, high-frequency heating, microwave heating, or the like can also be used. In particular, for the high-frequency heating of wood, a method of heating from the center of wood at a high frequency slightly lower than that of microwave is preferable to dielectric overheating by microwave.

  Further, on the press board 10, a cooling water supply side that cools to a desired temperature by passing low-temperature cooling water in place of water vapor through the piping paths 14b and 14c formed in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. Pipes ST12 and ST13 branched from the pipe ST11 are connected to the pipes ST2 and ST3, respectively. Further, valves V11, V12, V13 are arranged in the middle of the pipes ST11, ST12, ST13 on the cooling water supply side. 1 and 2, the cooling water supply device that supplies the cooling water to the pipe ST11 is omitted.

  Here, the unprocessed woods NW1 and NW2 that are the raw materials of the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment are shown in FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b), 10 (a), and 10 (b). As shown, the lumber has been pre-sawed to predetermined dimensions (thickness / width / length), and the end face (two faces), the grain face (two faces of the wood front and back), the mesh face ( 2 sides).

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, the unprocessed wood NW1 includes the boundary line BL1 of the wood mouth surface A and the wood back side surface B1, and the annual ring line of the mouth surface A, as shown in FIGS. All the crossing angles θ on the acute angle side formed by RL are usually selected and extracted after sawing the grain material in the range of 0 to 45 degrees, and the plastically processed wood PW1 of the present embodiment is This pre-processed wood NW1 that is this plate material is plastically processed.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b), the unprocessed wood NW2 has a boundary line BL2 between the wood mouth surface A and the wood core side face C1 and an annual ring line RL of the wood face A as shown in FIGS. All the crossing angles θ on the acute angle side which are made are usually selected and extracted after sawing the mesh material in the range of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, and the plastically processed wood PW2 of the present embodiment A certain pre-processed wood NW2 is plastically processed.

As will be described later, in order to prevent cracking due to heat compression, an acute angle formed between the boundary line BL2 of the end face A and the tree side side face C1 and the annual ring line RL of the end face A is formed on the unprocessed wood NW2. The side crossing angle θ is all in the range of 45 to 85 degrees.
Here, the crossing angles θ and δ on the acute angle formed by the boundary lines BL1 and BL2 of the wood back side plate face B1 or the tree center side face C1 of the unprocessed wood NW1 and NW2 and the annual ring line RL are the values of the cut end A A virtual boundary drawn along the wood face side B1 or the wood face C1 within a range of 2 mm or less from all the annual ring lines RL and the wood face side wood face B1 or the wood face side face C1. Although detected as the acute angle crossing angles θ and δ formed by the line, in order to simplify the explanation, the angle is treated as an angle with the surface of the wood back side plane B1 or the tree side side plane C1. Even if handled in this way, the crossing angles θ and δ with the surface of the wood back side wood plane B1 or the tree side side wood surface C1 can be determined by using the annual ring line RL of the wood back side wood surface B1 or the wood core side wood surface C1 and The acute angle crossing angle θ formed by the virtual boundary line drawn along the tree face side B1 or the face plane C1 within a range of 2 mm or less from the back side face face B1 or the tree face side face C1. Even for δ, the error is slight.

When the plastically processed wood manufacturing apparatus 1 configured as described above is used to manufacture the plastically processed wood PW1 from the unprocessed wood NW1 shown in FIG. 3 and the plastically processed wood PW2 from the unprocessed wood NW2 shown in FIG. First, as shown to Fig.2 (a), the upper press board 10A is raised with respect to the lower press board 10B of the fixed side of the press board 10 in the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1, and it was made to dry beforehand on the predetermined conditions. The front woods NW1 and NW2 are placed in an internal space IS formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B.
In the present embodiment, the wood back side plate face B1 side shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is placed on the lower press board 10B of the press board 10. FIG. Of course, when practicing the present invention, it is also possible to place the wood surface side grain face B2 side on the lower press panel 10B.

On the other hand, in the case of the unprocessed wood NW2 made of a mesh material, in the present embodiment, the tree-centered mesh surface C1 side shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b) is the lower press panel 10B of the press panel 10. Placed on. Of course, when carrying out the present invention, it is also possible to place the grid surface C2 side on the lower press panel 10B.
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the upper press board 10A is lowered at a predetermined pressure with respect to the unprocessed wood NW1 and NW2 placed on the fixed lower press board 10B, and the unprocessed wood The upper surfaces of NW1 and NW2, that is, in the present embodiment, in the case of the unprocessed wood NW1, the wood surface side grain surface B2 and in the case of the unprocessed wood NW2, the meshes on the side opposite to the tree side side face C1 It is made to contact | abut to the surface C2 (refer Fig.3 (a) and FIG.3 (b), Fig.10 (a) and FIG.10 (b)). Then, steam at a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 160 [° C.]) is passed through the piping path 14b of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 14c of the lower press panel 10B, and the interior space IS has a predetermined temperature (for example, 110-110). 180 [° C.]).

Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the compression pressure of the upper press board 10A is set to a predetermined pressure (for example, 2 to 5 [MPa]) with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side, and the wood before processing NW1 and NW2 are heated and compressed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B for a predetermined time (for example, 5 to 40 [min: min]). In order to prevent cracking, the compression pressure at this time should be gradually increased in accordance with the temperature rise of the unprocessed wood NW1, NW2, that is, the temperature transmission state inside the unprocessed wood NW1, NW2. Desirably, the heat compression time is also preferably set in consideration of the transmission time.
Further, when the peripheral edge portion 10a of the upper press board 10A comes into contact with the peripheral edge part 10b of the lower press board 10B, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are provided by the seal member 11 disposed on the peripheral edge part 10a of the upper press board 10A. The internal space IS formed in is sealed. And it is raised to predetermined temperature (for example, 150-210 [degreeC]), with the compression pressure by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B being hold | maintained in the sealing state of internal space IS.

  In this embodiment, the vertical dimension of the internal space IS when the internal space IS formed by the upper press disk 10A and the lower press disk 10B of the press disk 10 is in a sealed state via the seal member 11. When the pre-processed wood NW1 is plastically processed, the pre-processed wood NW1 uses the press board 10 to set the boundary line between the front end surface A and the back side plane grain surface B1 to the side of the boundary line BL1 on the tree side. At this time, the sharp dimension crossing angle δ formed by the annual ring line RL is set to the finished dimension in the thickness direction when the plastic processed wood PW1 is in the range of 25 degrees or less.

Further, when the pre-processed wood NW2 is plastically processed, the pre-processed wood NW2 uses the press board 10 to set the boundary line between the butt face A and the tree side side face C1 to the tree side boundary line BL2 side. The finished dimension in the thickness direction is set in advance when the plastically processed wood PW2 in which the acute angle crossing angles δ formed by the annual ring line RL are all in the range of 45 degrees or less.
For this reason, the change in the acute angle crossing angle θ between the tree-center side boundary line BL1 of the front end surface A1 and the rear side face plane B1 and the annual ring line RL of the front end surface A due to the compression of the unprocessed wood NW1 is The peripheral edge portion 10a of the upper press board 10A is determined by contacting the peripheral edge part 10b of the lower press board 10B. Further, the change in the crossing angle θ on the acute angle side formed by the tree-center side boundary line BL2 of the end face A and the end face side face C1 and the annual ring line RL of the end face A due to the compression of the unprocessed wood NW2 is as follows: The peripheral edge portion 10a of the upper press board 10A is determined by contacting the peripheral edge part 10b of the lower press board 10B.

Further, in the sealed state of the internal space IS shown in FIG. 2C, the compression pressure of the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B is maintained, and the internal space IS has a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 to 210 [° C.]). ) Is maintained for a predetermined time (for example, 30 to 120 [min]), and when the subsequent cooling and compression is released, heat treatment is performed to form plastically processed wood PW1 and PW2 that do not return. At this time, high-temperature and high-pressure steam pressure can freely enter and leave the surrounding surfaces of the unprocessed woods NW1 and NW2 and the interior thereof through the internal space IS that is sealed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. ing.
In this way, in this embodiment, the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B are in surface contact with the front and back surfaces of the unprocessed wood NW1, NW2, and are held in the sealed internal space IS. The front woods NW1 and NW2 are sufficiently heated in their entire thickness, and are efficiently compressed and deformed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2D, when the heat compression process is performed in a sealed state of the internal space IS, the vapor pressure of the internal space IS is detected by the pressure gauge P2 as a vapor pressure control process. The valve V5 is appropriately opened and closed. As a result, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is discharged from the internal space IS to the drain pipe 13 through the pipe port 12a and the pipe 12, and in particular, an extra amount based on the moisture content of the outer layer portions of the wood NW1 and NW2 before processing. The moisture in the internal space IS is removed, and the internal space IS is adjusted to have a predetermined vapor pressure. Further, if necessary, a predetermined vapor pressure can be supplied to the internal space IS through the pipe 14 and the pipe port 14a (FIG. 1) connected to the valve V6.
Furthermore, the valve V5 is opened as a vapor pressure control process immediately before shifting from heating compression to cooling compression by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B, so that the internal space passes through the pipe port 12a and the pipe 12. High temperature and high pressure steam is discharged from the IS to the drain pipe 13 side. Thereby, fixing of the heat compression treatment of wood, that is, so-called immobilization of wood is further promoted.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2 (e), normal temperature cooling water is passed through the piping path 14b of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 14c of the lower press panel 10B, so that the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B is cooled to around normal temperature and held for a predetermined time (for example, 10 to 120 [min]) depending on the material. At this time, the compression pressure of the upper press panel 10A with respect to the lower press panel 10B on the fixed side is maintained at the same predetermined pressure (for example, 2 to 5 [MPa]) as the pressure at the time of heat compression. The board 10A and the lower press board 10B are cooled.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 2 (f), the upper press platen 10A is raised with respect to the fixed-side lower press platen 10B, and the finished plastic processed woods PW1, PW2 are taken out from the internal space IS. This completes a series of processing steps.
In this way, in this embodiment, the vapor pressure is controlled and gradually released to release the internal vapor pressure, and the water vapor pressure in the wood is lowered and fixed by cooling. It is possible to form plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 having no surface deformation called bulge deformation or puncture when released. That is, the plastic-processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment has a stable quality without causing bulging deformation or surface cracking after being released from compression.

  In the present embodiment, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are compressed and fixed to obtain the plastic processed woods PW1 and PW2. However, when the present invention is carried out, a normal microwave oven is used. Even if dielectric heating is performed at a high frequency slightly lower than the frequency band of the microwave to be used, and the unprocessed woods NW1 and NW2 are heated, compressed, and fixed, the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 can be obtained.

Next, plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment formed as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 10, the annual ring line RL of the wood mouth surface A has a curved shape near the center of the annual ring line RL, that is, in the vicinity of the intersection with the boundary lines BL1 and BL2 on the tree side. In many cases, the upper press board 10A is lowered with respect to the lower press board 10B on which the wood back side face B1 side of the unprocessed wood NW1 and the tree side side face C1 side of the unprocessed wood NW2 are placed. When the heat compression is performed, usually, the annual ring line RL below the end face A (in the plastic-processed wood PW1 of the present embodiment, the annual ring line RL close to the wood back side plate face B1 side, In the plastically processed tree PW2, the bending deformation and buckling deformation increase as the annual ring line RL) closer to the tree-centered side plane C1. As a result, variation in measurement is expected. Intersecting angles θ and δ from the boundary lines BL1 and BL2. Obtained by drawing a tangent to a point on the tree-ring annual ring line RL about 1-2 mm away along the annual ring line RL of the end A and measuring the angle formed by the tangent line and the boundary lines BL1 and BL2. Should be the same value.

  That is, to be precise, the tree-center side grain within the range of 2 mm or less from all annual ring lines RL of the wood end face A and the wood face side face B1 of the wood end face A or the face side C1 of the tree face side. The acute angle crossing angle formed with the virtual boundary line drawn along the plane B1 or the cell side C1 should be the crossing angles θ and δ. These are expressed as the intersection angles θ and δ on the acute angle side formed by the side boundary lines BL1 and BL2 and the annual ring line RL of the end face A.

  Here, when the inventors apply heat compression in the vertical direction to the grain surfaces B1 and B2 of the processed wood NW1 by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B, the back side board grain B1 and Focusing on the fact that the acute angle side crossing angle θ between the tree-center side boundary line BL1 of the end face A and the annual ring line RL of the end face A gradually decreases, As shown in FIG. 13, the dispersion of characteristic values such as the hardness of wood and the wear depth as an index of wear resistance is reduced and the physical properties are stable, and the hardness is remarkably increased and scars and dents are attached. I found it difficult. Then, when the crossing angle δ on the acute angle side formed by the tree-boundary boundary line BL1 and the annual ring line RL of the end face A when the hardness starts to become significantly high is measured, FIG. 4 to FIG. As shown in FIG. 6 (e) and FIG. 8 as examples, all the crossing angles δ on the acute angle side of the plastically processed wood PW1 made of a plate material were in the range of 0 to 25 degrees.

  In addition, the Example which consists of a grain material shown to FIG. 4 thru | or FIG. 6 (e) and FIG. 8 is plastic processing wood PW1 when a physical property is stabilized and hardness begins to become notably high. Moreover, the acute angle side crossing angles δ are all 0 to 25 degrees, as shown in FIG. 8, the acute angle side crossing angle θ in the sheet material normally distributed in the market is about 0 to 45 degrees. The value of the crossing angle δ on the acute angle side when the compression is applied and the physical properties are stable and the hardness becomes remarkably high was obtained from experimental studies. The crossing angle θ before compression Is determined relative to.

Then, as shown in FIG. 8, at this time, the crossing angle δ on the acute angle side after compression formed by the tree-side side boundary line BL1 of the wood back side surface B1 and the wood front surface A and the annual ring line RL of the wood front surface A is The arithmetic average of the angle of the whole wood is 0.5 times or less with respect to the corresponding acute angle crossing angle θ before compression. That is, (intersection angle δ after heat compression) / (corresponding cross angle θ before heat compression) is 1/2 or less as an arithmetic average of the whole wood. This value is roughly proportional to changes in Tan ⁻¹ θ and Tan ⁻¹ δ, but practically changes to be close to changes in air-dry specific gravity.

  In addition, when the present inventors apply heat compression in the vertical direction to the mesh planes C1 and C2 of the processed wood NW2 by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B, the tree-center side grid face C1 and the mouthpiece face Focusing on the fact that the acute crossing angle θ formed by the tree-side boundary line BL2 of A and the annual ring line RL of the end face A gradually decreases, and when heating and compression above a certain level are applied, FIG. 11 to FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, the dispersion of characteristic values such as wear depth, which is an index of the hardness and wear resistance of wood, is reduced and the physical properties are stabilized, and the hardness is remarkably increased and scars and dents are hardly attached. I found out. Then, when the crossing angle on the acute angle side when the physical properties were stable and the hardness began to become remarkably high was measured, as shown in FIG. 6 (f), FIG. 7 and FIG. The crossing angles δ on the acute angle side of the plastic processed wood PW2 were all in the range of 15 to 45 degrees.

Note that the examples shown in FIGS. 6 (f), 7 and 9 are also plastically processed wood PW2 when the physical properties are stable and the hardness starts to increase remarkably. Moreover, the crossing angle δ on the acute angle side of the plastically processed wood PW2 is 15 to 45 degrees, as shown in FIG. 9, the pre-processed wood made of the mesh material before compression in the mesh material normally distributed in the market The crossing angle θ on the acute angle side of NW2 is about 45 to 90 degrees, and when the compression is applied thereto, the physical properties are stable, and the crossing angle θ on the acute angle side when the hardness is remarkably increased The value was obtained from experimental research and was determined relative to the crossing angle θ before compression.
Then, as shown in FIG. 9, at this time, the intersection angle δ on the acute angle side after compression formed by the tree-center side boundary line BL2 of the tree-center side grid surface C1 and the tree-edge surface A and the annual ring line RL of the tree-edge surface A The arithmetic average of the whole wood is 0.5 times or less with respect to the intersection angle θ on the acute angle side before compression corresponding thereto. That is, (intersection angle δ after heat compression) / (corresponding cross angle θ before heat compression) is 1/2 or less as an arithmetic average of the whole wood. This value is roughly proportional to changes in Tan ⁻¹ θ and Tan ⁻¹ δ, but practically changes to be close to changes in air-dry specific gravity.

Here, according to the experiments of the present inventors, the crossing angle on the acute angle side formed by the wood back side wood grain surface B1 made of wood grain material and the tree center side boundary line BL1 of the wood front surface A and the annual ring line RL of the wood front surface A is formed. It was confirmed that when δ is 0.5 or less in arithmetic average of the whole wood with respect to the crossing angle θ on the acute angle side before compression, the air-dry specific gravity is twice or more. Further, the crossing angle δ on the acute angle side formed by the tree side side plane C1 and the tree side side line BL2 of the end face A and the annual ring line RL of the end face A is also the acute side before compression. It was confirmed that the air-drying specific gravity of the wood having an arithmetic average of 0.5 times or less with respect to the crossing angle θ of the wood is twice or more (see FIG. 13).
Therefore, the plastic-processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment are plastically processed by heat-compressing the pre-processed wood NW1 and NW2 with the thickness of the pre-processed wood NW1 and NW2 being heated and compressed by the external force applied to the pre-processed wood NW1 and NW2. The air-drying specific gravity is 2 times or more than the air-drying specific gravity before heating and compression, and 2 mm from all annual ring lines RL of the timber face A and the wood face B1 or the face face C1 of the timber side of the lip face A The acute angle crossing angle formed by the virtual boundary line drawn along the grain surface B1 or the mesh surface C1 on the tree center side in the following range is within a range of 45 degrees or less.

  By the way, according to the experimental study by the present inventors, the acute angle side crossing angle θ formed by the tree-center side boundary line BL1 of the tree-center side plane C1 and the tree-edge surface A and the annual ring line RL of the tree-edge surface A is more than 85 degrees. When the plastically processed wood PW2 was manufactured using the large unprocessed wood NW2, the buckling deformation of the annual ring line RL increased in the plastically processed wood PW2, and cracking sometimes occurred.

  For this reason, the unprocessed wood NW2 that is the raw material of the plastically processed wood PW2 made of the mesh material includes the tree center side mesh surface C1 and the tree center side boundary line BL2 of the wood end surface A and the annual ring line RL of the wood end surface A. It is preferable to use those having an acute angle crossing angle θ of 85 degrees or less. That is, the plastically processed wood PW2 has an acute angle side crossing angle θ formed by the tree-center side wall plane C1 and the tree-center side boundary line BL2 of the end face A and the annual ring line RL of the end face A of 85 degrees or less. It is preferable that Thereby, buckling deformation of the annual ring line is prevented and cracking due to heat compression is prevented, so that high quality can be ensured in the plastic processed wood PW2. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the crossing angle before compression is 60 degrees or less because almost no cracks are generated.

  Similarly, the unprocessed wood NW1 that is the raw material of the plastically processed wood PW1 made of a wood grain material includes the wood back side wood grain surface B1 and the wood core side boundary line BL1 of the wood front surface A and the annual ring line RL of the wood front surface A. It is preferable to use those having an acute angle crossing angle θ of 0 to 45 degrees or less. That is, the plastic-processed wood PW1 has all the acute-angled crossing angles θ formed by the wood back side grain surface B1 and the tree face side boundary line BL1 of the end face A and the annual ring line RL of the end face A of 0 to 45 before compression. It is preferable to set the degree. As a result, buckling deformation of the annual ring line is prevented and cracking due to heat compression is eliminated, so that high quality can be ensured even in the plastic processed wood PW1.

That is, if the wood grain material and the wood grain material are not specified, and if it is partially seen from the wood grain material, it has the structure of the wood grain material. Means that the crossing angles θ on the acute angle side formed by the tree-side side plane B1 or the tree-center side plane C1 and the tree-center side boundary lines BL1, BL2 of the tree-edge surface A and the annual ring line RL of the tree-edge surface A are all 85 degrees or less. Is preferably used. More preferably, it is 60 degrees or less.
The plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 are wood ring side boundary lines BL1 and BL2 of the wood face side face B1 and the wood face side face face B1 or the wood face side face C1 of the wood face A and the annual ring line of the wood face A. It is preferable that all the acute angle crossing angles δ formed by RL be 45 degrees or less.

  In the present embodiment, cedar wood having an average air-dry specific gravity of about 0 and 36 before processing is used for the unprocessed wood NW1 and NW2 that form the plastically processed wood PW1 and PW2. The plastically processed wood PW1, PW2 of the form is made of cedar. Since cedar is generally easy to obtain and process, when cedar is used as plastically processed wood PW1, PW2, productivity can be improved and costs can be reduced. Moreover, the defect of a cedar material can be compensated. In particular, cedar wood called Obisugi is optimal because it grows in a short period of time and is easily available in large quantities. In addition, cedar wood is widely distributed in Japan, and thinned wood can be easily obtained in large quantities. Therefore, when cedar wood is used as plastically processed wood PW1, PW2, it contributes to environmental conservation. be able to.

Of course, when implementing this invention, it is not limited to a cedar material, For example, a pine, a cypress, a yellow poplar, etc. can also be used. Pine and cypress are widely distributed in Japan, and thinned wood can be easily obtained in large quantities and can be easily processed, so that the same effect as when using cedar wood can be obtained. In addition, yellow poplar (scientific name: Liriodendron tulipifera, aka: huntenboku, tulip poplar, canary whitewood, lily) is also easy to obtain and process like cedar, so productivity can be improved. Cost reduction can be achieved. In particular, yellow poplar has a light original color tone and may change color depending on the material. In general, darkening and blackening due to high compression can be suppressed, and a good appearance can be maintained. It is.
Further, it is preferable to use sapwood (white, white) as the unprocessed woods NW1, NW2 for forming the plastically processed woods PW1, PW2. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the amount of exposure when compressed, to suppress darkening due to high compression, and to maintain a good appearance.

Next, the physical properties of the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 11 to 15 and comparison with a comparative example. 11 and 12 corresponds to the comparative example shown in the table of FIG. 13, and the air-drying specific gravity, hardness, and wear depth of the present embodiment shown in the table of FIG. Each value of the bending Young's modulus is the average in the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 when the physical properties are stable and the hardness starts to increase remarkably as in the examples shown in FIGS. The value is shown.
Here, in FIG. 11 and FIG. 13, the hardness [N / mm ² ] shows the result of evaluation according to JIS-Z-2101-1994, and specifically, the surface of wood (this embodiment) In the plastic processed wood PW1 of the form, a steel ball having a diameter of 10 mm is placed on the side of the plane grain surfaces B1 and B2, and in the plastically processed wood PW2 of the present embodiment on the side planes C1 and C2). The load P [N] when the press-fit depth is 0.32 [mm] by press-fitting at 0.5 [mm / min] is calculated from the following formula (1).
Hardness H = P / 10 (1)

The hardness is 25 [N / mm ² According to the present inventors' experimental research, the hardness of hardwood (eg, oak) normally used for flooring is 15 [N / mm] ² Therefore, it is easy enough to receive concentrated load and impact load, so it has sufficient hardness to be used for flooring that requires high surface hardness. It means that it is possible. The above 25 [N / mm ² ] Is strictly 25 [N / mm ² It is not required to be about 25 [N / mm ² Of course, it is an approximate value including an error, and does not deny an error of several percent.

Further, the wear depth [mm] as an index of wear resistance in FIGS. 12 and 13 shows the result of evaluation according to JIS-Z-2101-1994. Specifically, the so-called wear is shown. Using the test device, the weight m ₂ [g] of the wood when the wood and the wear wheel are rotated 500 times so that the load applied to the wood is about 5.2 [N] and the rotation speed is about 60 [rpm]. Measured and calculated by the following equation (2) from the weight m ₁ [g] of the wood before the test, the area A [mm ² ] and the density ρ [g / cm ³ ] of the portion subjected to wear by the wear ring It is.
Wear depth D = (m ₁ −m ₂ ) / A · ρ (2)
Furthermore, the bending Young's modulus (N / mm ² ), which is an index of rigidity in FIG. 13, shows the result of evaluation according to JIS-Z-2101. It is measured and calculated by the following formula.
^{_{E b = ΔP · L 3/}} 48 · I · Δy
here,
E _b : Young's modulus of bending [N / mm ² ] (Kgf / cm ² ),
ΔP: difference between the upper limit load and the lower limit load in the proportional range [N] (kgf),
Δy: deflection at the center of the span corresponding to ΔP (mm),
I: geometrical moment of inertia ^{I = bh 3/12 (mm} 4),
L: Span (mm),
b: Width of test specimen (mm),
h: height of test specimen (mm),
It is.

The wear depth of 0.12 [mm] or less means that the wear depth of broad-leaved trees (eg, oaks) normally used for flooring is 0.14 [mm], based on experimental studies by the present inventors. Therefore, it can be used for flooring that requires high wear resistance because it is susceptible to concentrated loads and impact loads, and can be used in a wide range of applications. Means. The above 0.12 [mm] is not strictly required to be 0.12 [mm], and may be about 0.12 [mm], and is naturally an approximate value including an error. This does not deny the error of several percent.

As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, compared with the comparative example, the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment have extremely high hardness [N / mm ² ] and bending Young's modulus [N / mm ² ]. In addition, the value of the wear depth [mm] is very small.
That is, from FIG. 11, the air-drying specific gravity of the heat-compressed wood by plastic working is set to be twice or more of the air-drying specific gravity before the heat-compression, and all the annual ring lines RL and the wood front A of the wood front A are The acute angle crossing angle formed by the virtual boundary line drawn along the grain surface B1 or the mesh plane C1 within the range of 2 mm or less from the grain surface B1 or the mesh plane C1 on the tree center side is 45 degrees or less. It can be seen that by making it within the range, excellent hardness, wear resistance and rigidity are obtained, and scars and dents are hardly attached.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 11, the hardness [N / mm ² ] is remarkably higher than that of the comparative example, and the hardness of hardwood (eg, oak) that is usually used for flooring is high. Since it is about 15 [N / mm ² ], the plastic-processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment are susceptible to concentrated loads, impact loads, etc., and are therefore used for flooring materials that require high hardness. It can be seen that it has sufficient hardness.
Also, as shown in FIG. 12, the wear depth [mm] is usually about 0.14 [mm] for hardwoods (eg, oak) used for flooring. The plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the embodiment have sufficient wear resistance to be used for floor materials and the like that require high wear resistance because they are easily subjected to concentrated loads and impact loads. I understand.
For this reason, the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment are hardly scratched or dented even when used for floor materials and the like that are easily subjected to concentrated loads and impact loads, and can be used in a wide range of applications.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in the comparative example, the hardness [N / mm ² ] and the wear depth [mm] vary greatly, whereas the air-dried specific gravity of the heat-compressed wood Is at least twice the air-dry specific gravity before heating and compression, and within 2 mm or less from all annual ring lines RL of the wood end face A and the grain face B1 or the face face C1 of the wood end side of the end face A. The acute angle crossing angle formed by the virtual boundary line drawn along the wood face B1 or the wood face C1 is within the range of 45 degrees or less, and the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment are used. In the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment, which are plastically added, variation in the values is small. That is, the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment are stable in physical properties and have little variation in quality between products.

  This is because the cell wall thickness in the early wood portion of the wood is thin, the porosity of the early wood portion is large, and the annual rings (early wood portion and late wood) are produced by the timber that has been sawn (the unprocessed wood NW1, NW2). In the comparative example, it is presumed that the compression deformation of the cells was locally concentrated and the entire thickness was not compressed on average in the comparative example. In the plastically processed wood PW and PW2, most of the cells in the early wood part are compressed and deformed, the cell walls overlap, the voids (in the cell lumen) in the early wood part become extremely small, and the entire thickness is uniformly compressed. It is estimated that

  For reference, a micrograph (SEM, 500 times) of the unprocessed wood NW1 and NW2 is shown in FIG. 14A, and the plastically processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 14B. The micrograph (SEM, 500 times) of is shown. From FIG. 14, it can be seen that the compression mainly deforms the cells in the early wood part, overlaps the cell walls, and extremely reduces the voids (in the cell lumen). Furthermore, for reference, FIG. 15 shows a micrograph (SEM, 50 times) of plastic-worked wood compressed 1.3 times the air-dry specific gravity before heat compression. From FIG. 15, in plastic processed wood that is compressed only 1.3 times the air-dry specific gravity before heat compression, compression deformation is concentrated locally and the entire thickness is not compressed on average. I understand that.

  In the comparative example, this sometimes caused distortion due to changes in the ambient environmental conditions after commercialization. However, in the plastically processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment, the ambient environmental conditions after commercialization. This is also supported by the fact that there was no distortion caused by the change in. That is, in the comparative example, since cell deformation due to compression is concentrated locally, there is a variation in the dimensional change rate due to changes in ambient environment conditions inside the product, and therefore distortion due to changes in ambient environment conditions. However, since the entire thickness of the plastic processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment is uniformly compressed, there is no variation in the rate of dimensional change due to changes in ambient environmental conditions inside the product. It is thought that no distortion occurred.

  Further, the hardness is remarkably higher than that of the comparative example, as shown in FIG. 14B, although the cell deformation of the late part due to compression is slight, the early part including the surface layer part. Most of the cells were compressed and deformed, and the cell walls overlapped, and the voids (in the cell lumen) were extremely small. This is considered to be because the material part became apparent in the surface layer part, that is, the occupation ratio of the late part became high.

  In particular, as shown in FIG. 13, according to the plastic processed wood PW1 of the present embodiment, the air-drying specific gravity is 0.85 or more and the porosity is low. Similarly, excellent hardness, wear resistance, and rigidity can be reliably obtained.

  As described above, the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 according to the present embodiment are subjected to plastic processing by heating and compressing the thicknesses of the unprocessed woods NW1 and NW2 by the external force applied to the unprocessed woods NW1 and NW2. The air-dry specific gravity of the plastically processed wood PW1, PW2 is more than twice the air-dry specific gravity of the unprocessed wood NW1, NW2, and all the annual ring lines RL and the mouth face A of the wood end surface A of the plastic processed wood PW1, PW2 A crossing angle δ on the acute angle side formed by the virtual boundary line drawn along the grain surface B1 or the mesh plane C1 on the tree center side within a range of 2 mm or less from the grain surface B1 or the mesh plane C1 on the tree center side is 45 It is within the range of less than or equal to degrees.

In particular, the plastically processed wood PW1 of the example is subjected to plastic processing by compressing the entire thickness by heat compression in the direction perpendicular to the wood grain planes B1 and B2, and the wood mouth surface A and the wood side side grain surface. The acute angle side crossing angles δ formed by the tree-center side boundary line BL1 of B1 and the annual ring line RL of the end face A are all in the range of 0 to 25 degrees.
In addition, the plastically processed wood PW2 of the example is subjected to plastic processing by compressing the entire thickness by heat compression in a direction perpendicular to the grid planes C1 and C2 of the wood. The acute angle side crossing angles δ formed by the tree-center side boundary line BL2 of the grid face C1 and the annual ring line RL of the end face A are all in the range of 10 degrees to 45 degrees.

Therefore, according to the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment, the acute angle side crossing angles δ formed by the tree center side boundary lines BL1 and BL2 and the annual ring line RL of the end face A are all within a range of 45 degrees or less. The product is stable in physical properties and has little variation in quality among products. In addition, there is no distortion due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization. Furthermore, it has high hardness and scars and dents are hardly attached.
In the above-described embodiment, the plastic processed woods PW1 and PW2 have been described. However, the manufacturing process of the plastic processed woods PW1 and PW2 can be understood as an embodiment of the invention of the method for manufacturing plastic processed wood.

  In particular, according to the plastic-processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment, the air-dry specific gravity is 0.85 or more and the porosity in the wood is low, so it is surely superior to ebony. Hardness can be obtained.

Further, according to the plastic processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment, the hardness according to the hardness test specified in JIS-Z-2101-1994 is 25 [N / mm ² ] or more, and is used as a normal flooring material. Since it is higher than the hardness of hardwood that has been used, it has sufficient hardness to be used for flooring and the like that require high surface hardness because it is susceptible to concentrated loads and impact loads.
In addition, according to the plastically processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment, the wear depth by the wear resistance test specified in JIS-Z-2101-1994 is 0.12 [mm] or less, and a normal flooring material Because it is lower than the wear depth of hardwood used in the field, it has sufficient wear resistance to be used for flooring that requires high wear resistance because it is susceptible to concentrated loads and impact loads. Have.
Therefore, according to the plastic processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment, it can be used for a wide range of applications, such as flooring materials, waistboard materials, indoor furniture materials, exterior materials for houses used as surface coating, etc. Can be used for table tops, doors, etc.

  And plastic working wood PW1, PW2 of this embodiment forms internal space IS by upper press board 10A and lower press board 10B as a structure divided into plurality, and changes the volume of internal space IS. The pre-processed wood NW1 that is the raw material of the plastically processed wood PW1 placed in the internal space IS is applied to the plate surfaces B1 and B2 or the plastically processed wood using the press disk 10 that can be press-compressed by The unprocessed wood NW2 that is the raw material of PW2 is heated and compressed in a direction perpendicular to the grid planes C1 and C2, and further held in the sealed internal space IS, and the vapor pressure in the held internal space IS Is controlled and fixed and then cooled. That is, the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment are efficiently compressed and deformed, and are prevented from returning after being released from compression, bulging deformation, and surface cracks called puncture. Therefore, according to the plastic processed wood PW1 and PW2 of the present embodiment, high quality can be ensured and productivity is improved.

  By the way, when practicing the present invention, the pre-processed woods NW1 and NW2 that form the plastically processed woods PW1 and PW2 may fall due to thinning materials, natural disasters such as wind damage, water damage, snow damage, forest fire, frost damage, insect damage, etc. Injured wood, scraps, etc. that can no longer be used in the state of logs due to core breakage can also be used. As a result, the cost can be reduced and the environment can be beautified.

  In addition, since the numerical value quoted in the embodiment of the present invention does not indicate a critical value but indicates a preferable value suitable for implementation, even if the numerical value is slightly changed, the implementation is denied. is not.

PW1, PW2 Plastic processed wood NW1, NW2 Wood before processing RL Annual ring line BL1, BL2 Boundary line IS Internal space 10 Press panel 10A Upper press panel 10B Lower press panel 11 Seal member

Claims (1)

The wood is heat-compressed and plastically processed by a heat-compressing force applied to the thickness direction of the wood, and the plastic-processed wood after the heat-compressed is dried in the air to have a moisture content of 15%. The air-drying specific gravity at that time is 0.85 or more, and all the annual ring lines of the lumber surface of the wood after the plastic working, and the back-side plate face or the tree-center side square of the plastic-worked wood A method for producing plastically processed wood, characterized in that an acute angle crossing angle formed by a surface is within a range of 45 degrees or less .