JP2011183667A - Laminated plastically processed wood - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sufficiently prevent scars and dents, to successfully maintain a design face for a long time, to expand usage and to prevent deterioration of dimensional shape stability when surrounding environment conditions are changed after commercialization. <P>SOLUTION: In this laminated plastically processed wood LPW, the entire thickness is compressed by heating and compression in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of a grain of wood NW, and an inner layer material IW is bonded to one face side of a surface material SW plastically processed and having 1.05 or more of air-dried specific gravity via an adhesive. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a laminated plastically processed wood using a compacted processed wood for the surface layer portion, and in particular, excellent impact resistance without impairing the dimensional shape stability in the change in the ambient environmental conditions of the wood after commercialization.・ Abrasion resistance and surface hardness can be obtained, and it is related to laminated plastic-processed wood that is extremely resistant to scars and dents. It can also be used as a flooring that receives concentrated loads and impact loads from footwear such as high heels. Is.

Conventionally, as wood species, for example, those with low density and insufficient hardness, such as cedar, it is known that hardness that can withstand practical use can be obtained by compressing and densifying. Yes.
Here, compressing and densifying wood means reducing the volume of the original wood. On the other hand, the price of timber is generally distributed based on the volume of the original timber. In addition, the price calculated taking into account various costs related to the compacting of the wood cannot be set too high due to the fact that the added value corresponding to the decrease in volume is not recognized. For this reason, wood compressed and densified in this way is often commercialized as a laminated structure in combination with uncompressed wood, for example, a structure such as a waist plate or a table top plate. Consists of the surface layer part of the body.

  And as a thing relevant to this, for example, a laminated material in which a surface layer material subjected to consolidation (plastic processing) is bonded to an inner layer material not subjected to consolidation (plastic processing) as shown in Patent Document 1 ( Laminated plastic processed wood).

JP 2003-205503 A

However, this type of conventional laminated plastic-processed wood has been used for public buildings such as school buildings and gymnasiums, flooring materials for interiors such as residential buildings, waistboard materials, indoor house materials, and housing exterior materials. It is being developed as an alternative to the hardwood oak and birch materials that have been used, that is, for use in these applications where high hardness is not required. It has been said that it is sufficient that the surface layer material made of coniferous trees such as cedar is compressed to obtain a surface hardness equivalent to or slightly higher than the above.
And in cedar materials that are often consolidated, it is considered difficult to achieve high hardness to such an extent that the hardness continuously changes according to compression even if more compression is required. Furthermore, there is a concern that the dimensional change rate (shrinkage rate and expansion rate) due to changes in ambient environmental conditions increases with compression, and the dimensional shape stability is greatly impaired. For these reasons, high-level compression has not been studied as impractical in terms of cost and ease of plastic working.
Accordingly, the present inventors have confirmed that any conventional laminated plastic processed wood of this type has an air-dry specific gravity of about 0.7 to 0.9, and is rare. The maximum air-drying specific gravity was less than 1.05, and the surface layer portion (surface layer material) was often mainly composed of conifers.
Basically, in the past, the scale for obtaining the surface hardness was the compression ratio. However, since the porosity varies depending on the tree species, it is not necessarily unique if the compression ratio is used as a standard scale. The desired hardness could not be obtained.

However, in recent years, the warmth and healing effects of wood have been reviewed, and commercial facilities such as restaurants and shopping malls that are frequently subjected to concentrated loads and impact loads due to footwear such as high heels are now popular. There is an increasing demand to use wood for flooring at ballroom dance halls. And in order to respond | correspond to these, the flooring using the urine material, selangan butterfly material, ipe material etc. which are especially hard among hardwood has been put into practical use. However, since the number of these hardwood hardwoods is small and there is a possibility that cutting and the like will be limited in the future, wood materials that can replace them are desired.
On the other hand, conventional laminated plastic-processed wood cannot cope with the problem because the hardness, wear resistance, and impact resistance on the surface of the wood are considerably insufficient, and scars and dents due to the concentrated load and impact load are easily attached.

Therefore, the present invention is a flooring material that is hardly subject to scars and dents in the surface layer portion of the laminated wood, can maintain a good design surface for a long time, and receives concentrated load or impact load from footwear such as high heels. It is an object of the present invention to provide a laminated plastically processed wood that can be used in a wide range of applications and can be used for a wide range of applications, and that does not impair dimensional shape stability when subjected to changes in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization.

The laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 1 is a surface layer material in which the entire thickness is compressed by heat compression in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, and is plastic processed to have an air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or more. One side is joined to the inner layer material.
The air dry specific gravity is the specific gravity when the wood is dried in the air, and is usually expressed by the specific gravity when the moisture content is 15%, and water having the same volume as the weight when the wood is dried. It is the value which compared the weight of. The larger the value, the heavier, the smaller the lighter. For example, natural ebony ebony is 0.85 to 1.04, shidan is about 1.03, Japanese cypress cypress is 0.44, larch 0.50, dodomatsu 0.44, Kiri is 0.25, chestnut is 0.60, beech is 0.65, oak is 0.58, hippopotamus is 0.60, weasey is 0.61, karin 0.61, apito is 0.72, falkata is 0 .27, Malapapaya 0.50, Gumelina 0.45, Rubber 0.64, Yellow Poplar 0.45, Italian Poplar 0.35, Eucalyptus 0.75, Cayuputi 0.75, Acacia Mangi Umm is about 0.63.

By the way, the above-mentioned surface layer material has an air-drying specific gravity of 1.05 or more because it is subjected to plastic processing almost uniformly over the entire thickness by heat compression in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain. It is a thing. The heat compression in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain means that at least the area of the mouth end surface is reduced by heat compression in the direction parallel to the end face of the wood. The length direction of the wood grain is the fiber direction of the wood, and the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain is the wood grain direction (tangential direction) or the wood grain direction (tangent line). Direction). Whether the wood is compressed in the direction of the grain (radial direction, radial direction) or in the direction of the grid (tangential direction) is selected in consideration of the type of wood, etc. It is preferable that cracks are reduced during compression, and the heat compression is performed in a direction in which the rate of dimensional change in the ambient environmental conditions for product production is small.
Moreover, the plastic working in which the entire thickness has a substantially uniform compression rate can be formed by, for example, setting the moisture content of the wood to be substantially uniform over the entire thickness and heating and compressing under predetermined conditions. . Note that the temperature, pressure, time, compression speed, and the like, which are predetermined conditions at this time, are determined in advance through experiments or the like using tree species, moisture content, and the like as parameters. Further, the thickness is usually set to about 1 [mm] to 5 [mm], but is not strictly limited to 1 [mm] to 5 [mm], and is generally 1 [mm] to 5 [mm]. Any degree is acceptable.

Here, the above-mentioned air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or more means that the present inventors have conducted extensive experimental research, and as a result, there is some variation, but the wood is highly compressed and the air-dry specific gravity is 0.8. With the above, the dimensional change rate per 1% of moisture content does not increase due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization, and when the wood is further compressed to an air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or higher, It has been found based on this finding that the wear resistance and impact resistance are remarkably improved, scars and dents are extremely difficult to attach, and it can also be used for flooring that receives concentrated loads and impact loads from footwear such as high heels. It is a thing. Furthermore, if the wood is highly compressed and the air-drying specific gravity is further increased to 1.1 or more, the hardness, wear resistance, and impact resistance are remarkably improved, and the product variation is reduced and the physical stability is reduced. Increase.
The air-drying specific gravity of the above-mentioned surface material is ultimately set in consideration of the tree species, cost, required hardness, wear resistance, impact resistance, etc., but the air-drying specific gravity is increased. Therefore, if the compression rate is too high, the fibers constituting the wood will be broken and cracks will occur, resulting in a loss of merchantability. Value. Incidentally, according to the experimental study by the present inventors, the upper limit of the air-dry specific gravity is about 1.2 when cedar is used as the surface layer material and about 1.3 when yellow poplar material is used. It has been found that Therefore, the maximum value of the air-dry specific gravity in the present invention is a finite value determined by the tree species or the like.

Further, the inner layer material is integrally bonded with the surface layer material and a bonding means such as an adhesive, and is usually a wood that does not undergo consolidation (plastic processing) such as lauan plywood from the cost aspect. However, it is also possible to use wood whose thickness is plastically processed to a low density or wood whose both surfaces or only one surface layer is plastically processed to a high density.
In the case where the inner layer material and the surface layer material are joined together via an adhesive by pressing with a press board or the like, after the adhesive is uniformly applied between the two, the pressure is as even as possible Do so. Note that the pressing pressure and the pressing time for tightening both at this time are set to optimum values through experiments or the like in advance using the type of adhesive, tree species, moisture content, and the like as parameters.

The surface material of the laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 2 is composed of a sap material of cedar.
Here, the sapwood is a portion located on the outer periphery with respect to the heartwood (red and reddish), which is the center of the cedar, that is, a light colored portion on the outer periphery of the trunk tree. It is also called a fat. And the above-mentioned sapwood generally has less spear than heartwood (red / reddish).

The laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 3 uses cedar or yellow poplar as the surface layer material, and uses a tree species that is easily available and has excellent workability.
The above yellow poplar (scientific name: Liriodendron tulipifera) is also called huntenboku, tulip poplar, canary whitewood, or lily.

  The surface material of the laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 4 has a weight of 1 in an impact test such as a DuPont impact test, which is an impact test device that determines the impact strength by dropping a weight from a predetermined height and damaging the impact. Indentation depth formed when a weight with a hitting tip diameter of φ13 [mm] is dropped from a height of 500 [mm] is 0.5 [mm] or less on average It is.

  By the way, the impact test such as the above-mentioned DuPont impact test is for evaluating the impact resistance of the surface layer material. Here, the weight is 1,000 [g] and the weight of the striker tip diameter is 13 [mm]. The evaluation is performed by measuring the depth of the impression formed when the weight is dropped from a height of 500 mm. Indentation depth of 0.5 mm or less on average means that scars and dents are hardly attached even when subjected to concentrated impact loads by footwear such as high heels, and are used for floors receiving concentrated impact loads by footwear. It means having sufficient impact resistance.

  The surface layer material of the laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 5, wherein an internal space is formed by a structure divided into a plurality of parts, and the internal space is changed by using a press disk that is press-compressible by changing the volume of the internal space. The wood placed in the space is heated and compressed in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain, and is further held in the sealed internal space, and the vapor pressure in the sealed space is held. By controlling and fixing, the entire thickness is plastically processed with a uniform compression rate.

  Here, the press board can be freely compressed by changing the volume of its internal space, and is usually an upper and lower press board structure that is simply divided into two parts in the vertical direction, an upper and lower press board and a frame. It is comprised by other several structures, such as a structure.

  The surface layer material of the laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 6 is constrained to be deformed in a direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction during heat compression in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain.

  Here, the deformation in the direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction is constrained when the wood is heat compressed and crushed in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain, ie, the heat compression direction, that is, the It means that the length of the wood is freely extended in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction of the wood, and usually does not impair the quality of the wood product when the wood is heated and compressed. It is carried out by arranging a spacer having a degree of surface accuracy and press strength in a direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction of the wood.

  The surface layer material and the inner layer material of the laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 7 are joined to each other without intersecting the length direction of the grain, that is, the length direction of the grain is made to coincide with each other at the joining surface. By joining together the length direction of the grain with a small dimensional change rate due to changes in ambient environment conditions, the difference in the dimensional change rate at the joint surface is reduced, so that no stress is applied to the joint surface. Is.

  The surface layer material and the inner layer material of the laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 8 are joined to each other by intersecting the length direction of the grain, that is, the length direction of the grain intersecting each other at the joining surface. Yes, by crossing the length direction of the grain with a small dimensional change rate in the change of the ambient environmental conditions of the entire laminated plastic processed wood, reducing the difference in the dimensional change rate of the entire laminated plastic processed wood, Only a part of the whole is not stressed.

  According to the laminated plastic processed wood of claim 1, the surface layer material joined to the inner layer material is compressed and plastically processed by heating and compressing in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain. Since the air-dry specific gravity is set to 1.05 or more, the structure of the components constituting the cell wall in the surface layer material becomes considerably dense, and the hardness, abrasion resistance, and impact resistance of the surface layer material are remarkably improved, and scars and dents are generated. It is extremely difficult to attach. Therefore, by using the surface layer side as the product surface, it is possible to maintain a good design surface for a long time, and commercials such as restaurants and shopping malls that frequently receive concentrated loads and impact loads due to footwear such as high heels. It can also be used for interior flooring, decking materials, etc. in facilities and ballroom dance fields, and its applications can be expanded. In addition, since the structure of the components constituting the cell wall in the surface layer material becomes dense and the number of water molecules that can bind to the cell wall decreases, the dimensional shape change rate of the surface layer part due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization does not increase. Dimensional shape stability is not impaired.

  According to the laminated plastic processed wood of claim 2, cedar sapwood is used as the surface layer material, so that in addition to the effect of claim 1, the specific gravity is 1.05 or more. It is possible to suppress the amount of exposure when it is highly compressed. Further, darkening due to high compression can be suppressed, and a good appearance can be maintained.

  The laminated plastic processed wood of claim 3 uses cedar or yellow poplar as the surface layer material, and cedar or yellow poplar is easily available and can be processed. In addition to the effect, productivity can be improved and cost reduction can be achieved. In particular, since yellow poplar material has a bright original color tone, when yellow poplar material is used as the surface layer material, some materials may change color, but in general, darkening due to high compression is suppressed. And a good appearance can be maintained. On the other hand, cedar wood is widely distributed in Japan, and thinned wood can be easily obtained in large quantities. Therefore, when cedar wood is used as the surface layer material, it can contribute to environmental conservation. .

  According to the laminated plastic processed wood of claim 4, the surface layer material is used in an impact test method in which a weight is dropped from a predetermined height and its impact strength is determined by damage due to impact deformation, for example, in a DuPont impact test method. The indentation depth formed when a weight with a diameter of 1,000 [g] and a hitting tip diameter of φ13 [mm] is dropped from a height of 500 [mm] is 0.5 [mm] or less on average Therefore, in addition to the effects described in claims 1 to 3, it has sufficient impact resistance to be used for flooring that receives concentrated impact loads of footwear such as high heels, and scars and dents are present. It is harder to stick.

  According to the laminated plastic working wood of claim 5, the surface layer material uses an press machine that forms an internal space by a structure divided into a plurality of parts, and that can be pressed and compressed by changing the volume of the internal space. The wood placed in the internal space is heated and compressed in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain, and further held in the sealed internal space. That is, the surface layer material is heat-compressed by the surface contact of the press plate, and further, the heat-compression treatment is maintained for a certain period of time in a sealed state of the internal space. Moreover, the return by the restoring force after decompression is suppressed. Furthermore, after controlling the vapor pressure in the held internal space, the pressure is gradually released and the internal vapor pressure is released, so that swelling deformation due to internal pressure after decompression and surface cracking called puncture are suppressed. Therefore, in addition to the effects described in claims 1 to 4, high quality can be ensured. Moreover, since the surface layer material is efficiently compressed and deformed, the productivity is also good.

  According to the laminated plastic processed wood of claim 6, the surface layer material is restrained from being deformed in a direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction during heat compression in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain. Therefore, when heating and compressing in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain, the density of the wood grain increases in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction, making it difficult to crack. Therefore, in addition to the effects of claims 1 to 5, high quality can be ensured.

  According to the laminated plastic processed wood of claim 7, the surface layer material and the inner layer material are joined so that the length directions of the grain of each other do not intersect. Here, generally, the dimensional change rate in the length direction of the wood grain in the wood when the ambient environmental conditions change is slight. On the other hand, according to the experiments by the present inventors, it was confirmed that the rate of dimensional change in the length direction of the grain is slight even in plastically processed wood. Therefore, by making the length direction of the grain coincide with each other at the joint surface of the surface layer material and the inner layer material, any one dimensional change rate in the length direction, the width direction, or the thickness direction in the entire stack is substantially reduced in both. Therefore, in addition to the effects described in claims 1 to 6, the difference between the dimensional change rates of the joint surfaces can be reduced, and the stress on the joint surfaces can be reduced.

  According to the laminated plastic processed wood of claim 8, since the surface layer material and the inner layer material are joined so that the length direction of each wood grain intersects, the laminated material when ambient environmental conditions change The dimensional change rate of the whole plastic processed wood is slight. In particular, according to the experiments by the present inventors, it was confirmed that the dimensional change rate in the length direction of the grain in the plastic-processed wood was slight, and the grain surface of the surface layer material and the inner layer material was mutually joined. In addition to the effects of claims 1 to 6, in addition to the effects of claims 1 to 6, the dimensional change rate in the length direction, the width direction, or the thickness direction in the entire stack becomes substantially equal even if the length directions are crossed. The difference in the rate of dimensional change between the two can be reduced, and the stress on the joint surface can be reduced.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus for producing a surface layer material constituting a laminated plastic working wood according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a plate surface, a grid surface, and a mouth surface of wood as raw materials for forming the surface layer material of the laminated plastic processed wood according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of the surface layer material of laminated plastic working wood according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the air-drying specific gravity and hardness of plastically processed wood. FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the air-drying specific gravity of plastic-processed wood and the wear depth as an index of friction resistance. FIG. 6 is a table showing the indentation depth as an index of hardness and impact resistance of the examples and comparative examples of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram for explaining the characteristics of the surface layer material of the laminated plastic working wood according to the embodiment of the present invention, and (a) is a state where the plastic working wood in an air-dried state is dried to a completely dry state. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between the air-dry specific gravity of the plastic processing wood in the case where it carried out, and the average dimensional change rate (shrinkage rate) per 1% of moisture content, (b) is the plastic processing wood in a completely dry state. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between the air-dry specific gravity of the plastic processing wood in the case of performing moisture absorption with respect to the average dimensional change rate (expansion rate) per 1% of moisture content. FIG. 8 illustrates the characteristics of the surface layer material according to the present invention in which deformation in the direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction is constrained during heat compression in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain. (A) is the air-drying specific gravity and the average dimensional change per moisture content of 1% when plastic-processed wood in an air-dried state is dried to be completely dry. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship with a rate (shrinkage rate), (b) is the air-drying specific gravity and moisture content 1 [of a plastic processing wood when moisture absorption is performed with respect to the plastic processing wood in a completely dry state. %] Is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship with the average dimensional change rate (expansion rate). FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the laminated plastic working wood according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Note that, in the embodiments, the same symbols and the same reference numerals mean the same or corresponding functional parts, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted here.

  First, a procedure for manufacturing the surface layer material SW constituting the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

  In FIG. 1, a plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1 for manufacturing a surface layer material SW of the present embodiment is a press that forms an internal space IS mainly by a structure divided into two parts of an upper press board 10A and a lower press board 10B. The board 10, the seal member 11 disposed on the peripheral edge 10a of the upper press board 10A facing the peripheral edge 10b of the lower press board 10B in order to make the internal space IS hermetically sealed, and the side surface of the lower press board 10B A pipe 12 having a pipe port 12a for discharging water vapor from the internal space IS, a pressure gauge P2 for detecting the vapor pressure in the pipe 12, a valve V5 on the downstream side thereof, a valve A drain pipe 13 connected to V5, a pipe port 14a of the upper press panel 10A for supplying steam through the pipe 14 connected to the valve V6 in the internal space IS, and the like.

  Further, in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10, piping paths 14b and 14c are formed for raising the temperature to a desired temperature by passing high-temperature steam. Pipes ST2 and ST3 branched from the steam supply side pipe ST1 and steam discharge side pipes ET1 and ET2 are connected to the paths 14b and 14c, respectively. Further, in the middle of the steam supply side pipes ST1, ST2, ST3, valves V1, V2, V3 and a pressure gauge P1 for detecting the steam pressure in the pipe ST1 are arranged, and the steam discharge side pipes ET1, ET2 Is connected to the drain pipe 13 via a valve V4. In addition, the boiler apparatus which supplies water vapor | steam to piping ST1, and the press raising / lowering apparatus containing the hydraulic mechanism for raising / lowering and pressurizing the upper press board 10A with respect to the lower press board 10B of the fixed side of the press board 10 are abbreviate | omitted. Has been. Further, in the present embodiment, high-temperature water vapor is introduced using the pipe 14 connected to the valve V6 in order to heat the interior space IS formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10. However, other than this, high-frequency heating, microwave heating, or the like can also be used. In particular, for the high-frequency heating of the wood, a method of heating from the center of the wood at a high frequency having a frequency lower than that of the microwave is preferable to dielectric overheating by the microwave.

  Further, the cooling water is supplied to the press board 10 in order to cool it to a desired temperature by passing low-temperature cooling water in place of water vapor through the pipelines 14b and 14c formed in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. Pipes ST12 and ST13 branched from the supply-side pipe ST11 are connected to the pipes ST2 and ST3, respectively. Further, valves V11, V12, V13 are arranged in the middle of the pipes ST11, ST12, ST13 on the cooling water supply side. In addition, the cooling water supply apparatus which supplies cooling water to piping ST11 is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the internal space IS formed by the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B of the press panel 10 is hermetically sealed via the seal member 11 in the vertical direction. The dimension interval is set to the finished dimension in the thickness direction when the unprocessed unprocessed wood NW becomes the surface layer material SW having an air-drying specific gravity of 1.05 or more by the press board 10.

Here, the unprocessed wood NW that is the raw material of the surface layer material SW of the present embodiment is previously sawn to a predetermined size (thickness / width / length) as shown in FIG. . The unprocessed wood NW has a grain surface (two surfaces of the wood surface and the wood back), a mesh surface (two surfaces), and a mouth end surface (two surfaces). In the present embodiment, the wood grain The wood-back side of the grain surface, which is a plane outside the annual ring in a direction perpendicular to the length direction, is placed on the lower press disc 10B of the press disc 10.
Of course, in the case of carrying out the present invention, the surface to be pressed and compressed by the press board 10 may be a square surface as long as the length direction of the grain is other than the end face, and the surface of the plate is pressed or compressed. The direction of heat compression for press-compressing the grid surface is selected in consideration of the type of wood NW before processing. However, in general, the rate of dimensional change due to changes in ambient environmental conditions in the plate direction (radial direction, radial direction) is smaller than that in the grid direction (tangential direction). Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the dimensional change rate due to the change in the ambient environment condition can be reduced because the heat-compression is performed in the grain direction (radial direction, radial direction) of the unprocessed wood NW. Moreover, it is possible to prevent the generation of cracks during heat compression.
In the present embodiment, sapwood is used for the unprocessed wood NW that forms the surface layer material SW using cedar. As the unprocessed wood NW for forming the surface layer material SW, for example, cedar wood having an average air-dry specific gravity of about 0.36 before processing, or yellow having an average air-dry specific gravity of about 0.50 before processing. Poplar materials and the like are suitable.

Then, in producing the surface layer material SW from the raw material wood NW of the raw material by the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1 configured as described above, first, as shown in FIG. 3A, the press in the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1 An internal space in which the upper press board 10A is raised with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side of the board 10 and the unprocessed wood NW that has been dried in advance to a predetermined condition is formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. Placed in the IS.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the upper press disk 10A is lowered at a predetermined pressure with respect to the unprocessed wood NW placed on the fixed-side lower press disk 10B, and the unprocessed wood NW Specifically, in the present embodiment, the upper surface is brought into contact with the front side of a plank grain that is a plane inside the annual ring in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain. And by passing water vapor of a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 160 [° C.]) through the piping path 14b of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 14c of the lower press panel 10B, the interior space IS has a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 180 [° C.]).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3C, the compression pressure of the upper press board 10A is set to a predetermined pressure (for example, 2 to 5 [MPa]) with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side, and the unprocessed wood NW Is heated and compressed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B for a predetermined time (for example, 5 to 40 [min: min]). It is desirable that the compression pressure at this time is gradually increased according to the temperature rise of the unprocessed wood NW, that is, the temperature transmission state inside the unprocessed wood NW, and the heat compression time also takes into account the transfer time. Is preferably set.
When the peripheral edge portion 10a of the upper press board 10A comes into contact with the peripheral edge part 10b of the lower press board 10B, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are sealed by the seal member 11 disposed on the peripheral edge part 10a of the upper press board 10A. The internal space IS formed in is sealed. Furthermore, it is raised to a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 to 210 [° C.]) while the compression pressure by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B is maintained in a sealed state of the internal space IS.

Further, in the sealed state of the internal space IS shown in FIG. 3C, the compression pressure of the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B is maintained, and the internal space IS has a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 to 210 [° C.]). ) Is maintained for a predetermined time (for example, 30 to 120 [min]), and heat treatment is performed to form a surface layer material SW that does not return when the subsequent cooling compression is released. At this time, high-temperature and high-pressure steam pressure can freely enter and exit between the surrounding surface of the unprocessed wood NW and the inside thereof through the internal space IS that is sealed by the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B. .
Thus, in the present embodiment, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are in surface contact with the front and back surfaces of the unprocessed wood NW and are held in the sealed internal space IS. The material is substantially uniformly and fully heated over the entire thickness, and is efficiently compressed and deformed so as to have a desired air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or more. As described above, the dimension interval in the vertical direction of the internal space IS when the internal space IS is in a sealed state is such that the unprocessed unprocessed wood NW becomes the surface layer material SW having an air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or more by the press board 10. Is set to the finished dimension in the thickness direction (in the present embodiment, the direction of the grain direction), the compression ratio of the entire thickness of the unprocessed wood NW, that is, the change in the plate thickness due to the compression of the unprocessed wood NW Is determined by the peripheral edge 10a of the upper press board 10A coming into contact with the peripheral edge 10b of the lower press board 10B.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3D, when the heat compression process is performed while the internal space IS is sealed, the vapor pressure of the internal space IS is detected by the pressure gauge P2 as a vapor pressure control process. The valve V5 is appropriately opened and closed. As a result, high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is discharged from the internal space IS to the drain pipe 13 through the pipe port 12a and the pipe 12, and in particular, the extra internal space IS based on the moisture content of the surface layer of the wood NW before processing. The moisture in the interior is removed, and the interior space IS is adjusted to have a predetermined vapor pressure. Further, if necessary, a predetermined vapor pressure can be supplied to the internal space IS through the pipe 14 and the pipe port 14a (FIG. 1) connected to the valve V6.
Furthermore, the valve V5 is opened as a vapor pressure control process immediately before shifting from heating compression to cooling compression by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B, so that the internal space passes through the pipe port 12a and the pipe 12. High temperature and high pressure steam is discharged from the IS to the drain pipe 13 side. Thereby, the heat compression processing of wood, that is, so-called immobilization of wood is further promoted.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3 (e), normal temperature cooling water is passed through the piping path 14b of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 14c of the lower press panel 10B, so that the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B is cooled to around normal temperature and held for a predetermined time (for example, 10 to 120 [min]) depending on the material. At this time, the compression pressure of the upper press panel 10A with respect to the lower press panel 10B on the fixed side is maintained at the same predetermined pressure (for example, 2 to 5 [MPa]) as the pressure at the time of heat compression. The board 10A and the lower press board 10B are cooled.
Thus, in the present embodiment, after controlling the vapor pressure, the internal vapor pressure is gradually released by releasing the pressure, and the water vapor pressure in the plate material is lowered by cooling, so that the cooling compression is released. It is possible to form a surface layer material SW having no surface cracks called swelling deformation or puncture.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 3 (f), the upper press board 10A is raised with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side, and the surface layer material SW that is the finished product is taken out from the internal space IS, and a series of processing steps are performed. finish. In this way, the surface layer material SW according to the present embodiment is manufactured.

  And the surface layer material SW manufactured in this way is compressed almost uniformly over the entire thickness, is plastically processed and has an air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or more, and swells and deforms after being released from compression. Stable quality is ensured.

Here, in general, yam is present in wood, and particularly in conifers, the amount thereof is large. Therefore, when cedar and the like are highly compressed so that the air-drying specific gravity is 1.05 or more, There is a concern that the quality of the product may be impaired, and it may take much time to remove the dust.
However, in the present embodiment, as described above, sapwood is used for the surface layer material SW using the cedar material, so that it is highly compressed so that the air-drying specific gravity is 1.05 or more. However, the amount of Yari is small, the quality of the product is not impaired, and Yarn removal does not take much time and effort.
Also, since the sapwood is brighter than the core material (red and reddish), which is also called white thick, the use of the sapwood allows the dark color change when highly compressed to be the core material (red and red). (Redness) is suppressed more. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the surface layer material SW using the cedar material maintains a good appearance.

By the way, when the present invention is carried out, when the unprocessed wood NW is compressed and deformed by the press board 10 in the vertical direction of the grain (in this embodiment, the direction of the grain), the direction perpendicular to the heating compression direction. In order to prevent spreading in the grid direction (in this embodiment), the direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction of the unprocessed wood NW placed on the lower press board 10B (in this embodiment, the grid direction) A spacer (not shown) can also be arranged and fixed on the side surface side.
Accordingly, the upper press board 10A is lowered at a predetermined pressure (for example, 2 to 5 [MPa]) with respect to the unprocessed wood NW placed between the spacers (not shown) of the lower press board 10B, and the unprocessed wood NW. When this is heated and compressed, the side surface in the direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction of the unprocessed wood NW (in this embodiment, the mesh surface) comes into contact with a spacer (not shown) and is perpendicular to the heat compression direction (this embodiment). In this mode, extension in the mesh direction) is restricted. Therefore, when heat compression is performed by the press board 10 in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain of the unprocessed wood NW, the grain of the unprocessed wood NW is perpendicular to the heat compression direction (in this embodiment, the grid direction). ) Increases in density and becomes difficult to break. Therefore, when the wood NW is heated and compressed in the press board 10 in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain (in the present embodiment, the direction of the grain) in this way, a right angle with respect to the heating and compression direction by a spacer (not shown). In the surface layer material in which the deformation in the direction (in the present embodiment, the mesh direction) is restricted, high quality is ensured.

Next, characteristics of the surface layer material SW of the present embodiment formed as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the air-drying specific gravity and hardness in the wood that has been subjected to plastic working by compressing the entire thickness by heat compression in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain (here, the grain direction) using the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1 [ N / mm ² ] will be described with reference to FIG.

4 shows the internal space IS when the internal space IS formed by the upper press plate 10A and the lower press plate 10B of the press plate 10 in the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1 is in a sealed state via the seal member 11. FIG. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of evaluating the hardness of each cedar wood having different air-dry specific gravity obtained by changing the dimensional spacing in the vertical direction according to JIS-Z-2101-1994. Specifically, in FIG. 4, the hardness H [N / mm2] is obtained by press-fitting a steel ball having a diameter of 10 [mm] into the surface of the test body at an average press-fitting speed of 0.5 [mm / min]. The load P [N] when the thickness becomes 0.32 [mm] is measured and calculated from the following equation (1).
H = P / 10 (1)
In FIG. 4, for reference, the minimum value on the horizontal axis indicates the measurement result of the hardness [N / mm ² ] of the wood before processing.

As shown in FIG. 4, as the air-drying specific gravity of the plastically processed wood increases, the hardness [N / mm ² ] gradually increases exponentially, and the air-drying specific gravity is 1.05. From the above, it can be seen that the value is remarkably high. That is, it can be seen that by setting the air-drying specific gravity to 1.05 or more by plastic working, it is possible to obtain a hardness sufficient to form a surface layer portion such as a flooring that receives concentrated load.
From this, the surface layer material SW plastically processed so that the air-drying specific gravity is 1.05 or more has remarkably higher hardness than the conventional material and has excellent hardness.

Next, regarding the relationship between the air-drying specific gravity and the wear resistance of wood that has been subjected to plastic working by compressing the entire thickness by heat compression in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain using the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1, This will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 5 shows the results of evaluating the wear resistance according to JIS-Z-2101-1994. The upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10 in the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1 described above. In the cedar wood having different air-dry specific gravity obtained by variously changing the vertical space of the internal space IS when the internal space IS formed in a sealed state via the seal member 11 is different in wear resistance. This compares the wear depth [mm] as an index. Specifically, in FIG. 5, the wear depth D [mm] is set so that the load applied to the specimen is about 5.2 [N] using a so-called wear test apparatus, and the rotational speed is about 60 [rpm]. The weight m2 [g] of the specimen when the specimen and the wear wheel were rotated 500 times was measured, and the weight m1 [g] of the specimen before the test and the area A [mm ² ] of the portion subjected to wear by the wear ring. ] And density ρ [g / cm ³ ] are calculated by the following equation (2).
D = (m1-m2) / A · ρ (2)
In FIG. 5, for comparison, the minimum value on the horizontal axis shows the measurement result of the wear depth [mm] in the wood before processing.

As shown in FIG. 5, the wear depth [mm] gradually decreases as the air-drying specific gravity of the plastic-processed wood increases, and when the air-drying specific gravity is 1.05 or more, the value is It is very small, and it can be seen that by setting the air-drying specific gravity to 1.05 or more by plastic working, it is possible to obtain sufficient wear resistance to constitute a surface layer portion such as a floor material subjected to concentrated load.
For this reason, the surface layer material SW plastically processed so that the air-drying specific gravity is 1.05 or more has extremely high wear resistance compared to the conventional material, and is a floor material that receives concentrated load. It has sufficient wear resistance to constitute the surface layer portion.

Next, hardness and impact resistance when cedar and yellow poplar are used as the surface layer material SW of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 6, hardness [N / mm2] shows the result evaluated according to JIS-Z-2101-1994 mentioned above. The indentation depth [mm], which is an index of impact resistance, shows the result of measurement by a DuPont impact test.
Specifically, with respect to impact resistance, a so-called DuPont impact tester used for measuring physical properties of a plastic surface is used, and a test piece has a tip diameter φ of 13 mm. When the weight of [g] was dropped from a height of 500 [mm] and collided, the indentation depth [mm] in the impacted specimen was measured.
FIG. 6 shows the evaluation results of the surface layer material SW made of cedar wood having an air-drying specific gravity of 1.05 or more by plastic working as Example 1, and the specific gravity is given by plastic working as Example 2. The evaluation result of surface layer material SW which consists of yellow poplar material made into 1.05 or more is shown. Furthermore, for comparison, a cedar material of a conventional example plastically processed using the plastic processing wood manufacturing apparatus 1 described above as a comparative example 1, a floor for public facilities and houses as a comparative example 2 to a comparative example 5 from before. Evaluation results for hardwood wood, comparative example 6 and comparative example 7 that have been used for timber and the like are shown. In addition, the measurement result of FIG. 6 is an average of the results of measuring 10 points for each test specimen and further measuring three points for each test specimen.

From FIG. 6, it can be seen that Example 1 and Example 2 have extremely high hardness compared to the comparative example. In particular, the specific gravity difference and the hardness difference between the cedar material (Example 1) and the conventional cedar material (Comparative Example 1) having an air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or more by plastic working, and the conventional cedar material (Comparison) Comparing the difference in specific gravity and hardness between Example 1) and solid cedar wood that has not been plastically processed (Comparative Example 6), the difference in hardness is much larger in the former, although the difference in specific gravity is smaller than in the latter. Yes.
As described above, it can be seen that the hardness of Example 1 according to the present embodiment is significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1 of the conventional example. Also in Example 2, the hardness is significantly larger than that of Comparative Example 1 of the conventional example. For this reason, the surface layer material SW obtained by plastic processing of wood such as cedar and yellow poplar has an air-drying specific gravity of 1.05 or more has extremely superior hardness than the conventional example. I understood.

Further, from the comparative example in FIG. 6, the hardness and the indentation depth (mm) do not necessarily have a relative relationship. However, in Examples 1 and 2 according to the present embodiment, the values are both 0.5 [ mm] or less, which is significantly smaller than the conventional example and other comparative examples. Therefore, the surface layer material SW of the present embodiment is excellent in impact resistance and has sufficient impact resistance to constitute a surface layer portion such as a floor material that receives an impact concentrated load.

  As described above, the surface layer material SW of the present embodiment has remarkably large hardness, wear resistance, and impact resistance as compared with the conventional material, and even when subjected to concentrated load or impact load, scars and dents are not generated. It is extremely difficult to attach. This is presumably because the components constituting the cell wall became quite dense and the gap between the components constituting the cell wall was eliminated by plastic working so that the air-dry specific gravity was 1.05 or more.

Here, in general, wood that has not been subjected to plastic working has a larger volume of water that changes due to adsorption and desorption because there are more bound water adsorption points in the cell wall that contribute to dimensional changes due to changes in ambient environmental conditions as the specific gravity increases. The dimensional change rate due to changes in environmental conditions tends to increase. For this reason, since the surface layer material SW of the present embodiment is a high-compression of the unprocessed wood NW as a raw material in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain, the specific gravity is 1.05 or more. Compared to conventional ones, the dimensional change rate (shrinkage rate and expansion rate) is increased, and there is a concern that the dimensional shape stability in the change in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization is impaired.
Therefore, air-drying of wood that has been subjected to plastic working almost uniformly over the entire thickness by heat compression in the direction perpendicular to the length of the grain (here, the grain direction) using the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1. An experiment was conducted on the relationship between the specific gravity and the dimensional change rate per 1% moisture content.

First, the vertical direction of the internal space IS when the internal space IS formed by the upper press plate 10A and the lower press plate 10B of the press plate 10 in the plastic working wood manufacturing apparatus 1 is in a sealed state via the seal member 11. A cedar wood having different air-drying specific gravity obtained by changing the dimensional spacing of each was dried, and then cut into the same predetermined dimensions to prepare test specimens. Then, after measuring the weight m1 [g], the thickness direction, the width direction, and the length direction h1 [mm] of each test specimen in an air-dried state, the sample is completely dried in a dryer (hereinafter simply referred to as “all The weight m2 [g] after that and the length h2 [mm] in each of the above directions were measured, and the average dimensional change rate (shrinkage rate) per moisture content 1 [%] by the following formula (3) ) Was calculated. FIG. 7A is a characteristic diagram showing the result. That is, FIG. 7 (a) shows the air-drying specific gravity and moisture content of 1 [% when the plastic-processed wood in the air-dried state is completely dry in the thickness, width, and length directions. ] The average dimensional change rate (shrinkage rate) α [%] per unit. In this experiment, each specimen was heated and compressed in the direction of the grain that is perpendicular to the length direction of the grain. Here, the length direction is the length direction of the grain. (The direction of the mouth), the thickness direction is the heat compression direction (grain direction), and the width direction is the direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction (the mesh direction).
α = [(h1-h2) / h2} / [(m1-m2) / m2} (3)

In addition, after measuring the above-mentioned completely dry dimensions, each specimen was allowed to absorb moisture for a predetermined time in an environment of temperature 20 ° C. and humidity 80%, and after moisture absorption, the weight m3 [g] and the length h3 [mm] in each direction were measured. And the average dimensional change rate (expansion rate) per moisture content 1% was calculated by the following formula (4). FIG. 7B is a characteristic diagram showing the result. That is, FIG. 7 (b) shows the air condition of the plastic-processed wood when moisture absorption is performed on the completely-processed plastic-processed wood in each of the thickness [T], width [W], and height [L] directions. It shows the relationship between the specific gravity in the dry state and the average dimensional change rate (expansion rate) β [%] per moisture content 1 [%].
β = [(h3-h2) / h2} / [(m3-m2) / m2} (4)
The air-dry specific gravity in this test is calculated from the weight and dimensions (width, thickness, length) of each test piece in the air-dry state.
Moreover, the test body which restrained the deformation | transformation of the width direction at the time of heat compression was created, and it experimented similarly. The result is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, the average dimensional change rate per 1% moisture content in the thickness direction and the width direction tends to be constant or decrease when the air-dry specific gravity is 0.8 or more. This is because if the wood is highly compressed and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.8 or more, there will be no voids, the cell walls will overlap, and there will be an adsorption point of water (bound water) that can bind to the cell walls causing dimensional changes. This is considered to be because the components constituting the cell wall are dense and there are few gaps in which water can be combined, and the fiber saturation point is lowered.
In particular, in the case of constraining deformation in the width direction at the time of heat compression, as shown in FIG. 8, the average dimensional change rate (expansion coefficient) per 1% moisture content in the thickness direction is the air-dry specific gravity. The average dimensional change rate per 1% moisture content in the width direction tends to be constant when the air-dry specific gravity is 0.8 or more. This is presumably because the deformation in the width direction was restricted during heat compression, and the cell adsorption was easy to overlap and the water adsorption point was further restricted. Note that the average dimensional change rate (shrinkage rate) per 1% moisture content in the width direction was not significantly reduced when the air-drying specific gravity was 0.8 or more. This is probably due to the large internal stress.
Thus, the surface layer material SW having an air-drying specific gravity of 1.05 or more has little increase in the dimensional change rate per 1% of the moisture content in the change in ambient environmental conditions after commercialization, Dimensional shape stability is not impaired. The same applies to a case in which deformation in a direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction is constrained during heat compression.

Next, the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the present embodiment configured using the surface layer material SW manufactured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, the laminated plastic processed wood LPW of the present embodiment is illustrated on one side of the surface material SW that is plastically processed with a substantially uniform compression ratio over its entire thickness and has an air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or more. The inner layer material IW is bonded through an adhesive that does not.

As the inner layer material IW, wood that is the same tree type as the surface layer material SW and is not plastically processed can be used, or wood of a different tree type from the surface layer material SW, such as Lauan plywood, can also be used. . Of course, plastically processed wood may be used. In the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the present embodiment, Lauan plywood is used as the inner layer material IW.
As an adhesive (not shown) that is interposed between the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW and integrally joins both, an aqueous vinyl urethane adhesive (aqueous polymer isocyanate adhesive) ), Other adhesives can be used.

In the present embodiment, the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW are integrally joined with an adhesive interposed by pressing with a press disk (not shown). Specifically, the laminated plastic processed wood LPW of the present embodiment is obtained by placing an adhesive uniformly applied between the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW in a compression space of a press machine (not shown). The surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW are integrally joined by pressing with a compression pressure of a not-shown press disc.
Note that the pressing pressure and pressing time, which are the predetermined conditions at this time, are optimally determined in advance through experiments or the like so that the pressure is applied as evenly as possible using the type of adhesive, tree species, moisture content, and the like as parameters. Is set.

In the present embodiment, the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW are joined with the length direction of the grain coincide with each other at the joining surface so that the length direction of the grain does not intersect each other, The surface layer material SW is joined to the wood surface side surface of the inner layer material IW. Here, it is generally assumed that the wood is deformed in the reverse direction of the annual ring by drying shrinkage. Accordingly, by joining the grain surface of the surface layer material SW to the wood surface side grain surface of the inner layer material IW and using the surface layer material SW side for the product surface, the deformation of the inner layer material IW in the drying shrinkage causes the entire laminated plastic processed wood LPW. It is possible to prevent the reverse concave shape from appearing.
By the way, when the ambient environmental conditions change, the dimensional change rate in the length direction of the grain of solid wood is slight, and as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. It was confirmed that the rate of dimensional change in the length direction of the grain when the ambient environmental conditions were changed was also small even in wood that was plastic processed so that the dry specific gravity was 1.05 or more. In the present embodiment, as described above, when the longitudinal surface layer material SW in the entire stack is joined to the wood surface side surface of the inner layer material IW, the grain of the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW is a mutual grain. The length directions of the grain are made to coincide with each other at the joint surface so that the length directions of the two do not intersect. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the difference between the dimensional change rates of the joint surfaces is reduced, and the stress on the joint surfaces is reduced. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of distortion caused by the dimensional change rate being greatly different between the joint surfaces.
However, when practicing the present invention, the joining direction of the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW is not necessarily specified as described above.

  Thus, in the laminated plastic processed wood LPW of the present embodiment, the surface layer material SW having excellent hardness, wear resistance, and impact resistance is formed on the surface layer, and the inner layer material IW is the lower layer and an adhesive is interposed therebetween. Since the surface layer material SW side is used for the product surface, even if it receives concentrated load or impact load, the surface layer material SW becomes a scar. And dents are extremely difficult to attach. For this reason, it is used for flooring that receives concentrated load or impact load from footwear such as high heels, specifically for flooring for interiors such as restaurants and shopping malls, ballroom dance halls, deck materials, etc. It is suitable and can be used for various purposes. Of course, it can be used for waistboard materials, indoor furniture materials, housing exterior materials used for surface coating, school children's desks, table top plates, doors, etc., and can be used for a wide range of applications, including scars and dents. Since it is extremely difficult to attach, the design surface is maintained better than the conventional one for a long time.

  It should be noted that the thickness of the surface layer material SW of about 1 [mm] to 5 [mm] is sufficient for use as a flooring or the like that receives concentrated load or impact load from footwear such as high heels. It has been confirmed by their experiments and the thickness of the surface layer material SW can be reduced, so that the buffer function of the inner layer material IW can be extracted. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the Lauan plywood, which is wood that is not plastically processed, is used for the inner layer material IW, it is also possible to expect a soundproofing effect and a heat insulating effect by the inner layer material IPW.

  Conventionally, the surface may be scratched during pressing in the above-mentioned joining, and surface cutting may be required for commercialization. However, as described above, the surface layer material SW has hardness and resistance to resistance. Since it is excellent in wear resistance and impact resistance, the surface layer material SW is hardly scratched during the production of the laminated plastic processed wood LPW such as pressing the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW with the press 10. For this reason, according to the laminated plastic processed wood LPW of the present embodiment, cutting of the surface to be used can be omitted at the time of commercialization, and productivity in commercialization can be improved. Moreover, although it is better to coat as a countermeasure against moisture and dirt, the wear surface is improved without being coated, and the use surface is hardly damaged. However, when carrying out the present invention, in general, the surface flatness of the surface is impaired during the production, or the surface is coated with a resin or the like as a countermeasure when the dirt is generated. Also good.

In addition, since the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the present embodiment uses the surface layer material SW that is efficiently heat-compressed and deformed as described above, the productivity can be improved.
Further, when cedar or yellow poplar is used as the surface layer material SW constituting the laminated plastic processed wood LPW of the present embodiment, the cedar or yellow poplar is readily available and can be processed. Therefore, productivity can be improved and cost reduction can be achieved. In particular, since yellow poplar material has a bright original color tone, when yellow poplar material is used as the surface layer material SW, blackening due to high compression is suppressed and a good appearance is maintained. On the other hand, cedar wood is widely distributed in Japan, and thinned wood can be easily obtained in large quantities. Therefore, when cedar wood is used as the surface layer material SW, it can contribute to environmental conservation. it can.
Of course, when implementing this invention, surface material SW is not limited to these, Cypress, a hiba, etc. can also be used. Japanese cypress is widely distributed in Japan, and it is possible to easily obtain a large amount of thinned wood, etc., and it is easy to process, so the same effect as when using cedar wood is obtained. Moreover, since cypress and hiba originally contain components having antibacterial and insecticidal properties, antibacterial and insecticidal effects can be expected.

  Further, according to the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the present embodiment, the surface layer material SW is formed by heating and compressing the unprocessed wood NW in the plate direction (tangential direction). The dimensional change rate in the heat compression direction (thickness direction) in the change of conditions can be reduced (not changed). Further, the deformation of the grain during heat compression is small, and cracking of the grain is prevented.

  As described above, the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the present embodiment is compressed in its entire thickness by heat compression in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain of the unprocessed wood NW, and is subjected to plastic processing to air-dry specific gravity. The surface layer material SW having a thickness of 1.05 or more, and the inner layer material IW joined to one side of the surface layer material SW.

Therefore, according to the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the present embodiment, excellent hardness and wear resistance in the surface layer portion without impairing the dimensional shape stability of the surface layer portion when the ambient environmental conditions after the product is changed. Properties and impact resistance, and scars and dents are extremely difficult to attach. For this reason, the design surface can be maintained well for a long time, and it can be used for floor materials that receive concentrated loads or impact loads of footwear such as high heels, thereby expanding applications.
Particularly, the surface layer material SW according to Example 1 and Example 2 of the present embodiment has a weight of 1 in the DuPont impact test method in which the weight is dropped from a predetermined height and the impact strength is determined by damage caused by impact deformation. The indentation depth formed when a weight having a hitting tip diameter of φ13 [mm] is dropped from a height of 500 mm is 0.5 [mm] or less on average. It has sufficient impact resistance to be used for flooring that receives the concentrated impact load of footwear, and scars and dents are more difficult to attach.

  In addition, since sapwood is used especially for the surface layer material SW, according to the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the present embodiment, high compression is performed so that the specific gravity is 1.05 or more. It is possible to suppress the amount of expression of Yari when doing. Further, darkening due to high compression can be suppressed, and a good appearance can be maintained.

  Further, the surface layer material SW forms an internal space IS by an upper press board 10A and a lower press board 10B as a structure divided into a plurality of structures, and the press board 10 is press-compressible by changing the volume of the internal space IS. , The pre-processed wood NW placed in the internal space IS is heated and compressed in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the grain, and is further held and held in the sealed internal space IS It is formed by cooling after controlling and fixing the vapor pressure in the internal space IS. That is, the surface layer material SW is efficiently compressed and deformed, and is prevented from returning after being released from compression, bulging deformation, and surface cracks called puncture. Therefore, according to the laminated plastic processed wood LPW according to the present embodiment, high quality can be ensured and productivity can be improved.

  And since the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW are joined so that the length directions of the grain having a small dimensional change rate in the change of the ambient environment condition do not intersect with each other, the laminated plastic working wood according to the present embodiment According to LPW, the difference in the dimensional change rate between the two at the joint surface can be reduced, and the stress on the joint surface can be reduced.

  However, when practicing the present invention, conversely, the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW may be joined such that the length directions of the grain of each other intersect. At this time, the overall dimensional change rate of the laminated plastic processed wood LPW when the ambient environmental conditions change is slight. In particular, according to the experiments by the present inventors, it was confirmed that the dimensional change rate in the length direction of the grain is slight in the plastically processed wood, and the grain surface is mutually joined at the joint surface of the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW. Even when crossing the length direction, the dimensional change rate in the length direction or the width direction or the thickness direction in the entire stack becomes substantially equal, so the difference in the dimensional change rate of both in the joint surface can be reduced, Stress on the joint surface can be reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the surface layer material SW and the inner layer material IW are each described as one laminated processed wood LPW. However, when the present invention is implemented, two surface layer materials SW are used on the front and back sides. Is also possible. That is, one inner layer material IW can be sandwiched between two surface layer materials to form a sandwich structure. Also by this, it is possible to obtain the same effect as the above-described embodiment and its modification. In addition, for example, when used as a floor board or the like, it can be used without questioning the front and back, which is convenient. Furthermore, since the balance between the front and back surfaces of the laminated wood is improved, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of overall distortion when the ambient environmental conditions change.

Furthermore, when practicing the present invention, the surface layer SW can be used in the state of a log that has fallen due to a natural disaster such as thinned wood, wind damage, water damage, snow damage, forest fire, frost damage, insect damage, etc. Lost damaged wood, mill ends, etc. can also be used. As a result, the cost can be reduced and the environment can be beautified.
In addition, the embodiment of bonding with the adhesive as the means for joining the inner layer material IW to the surface layer material SW has been described, but in the case of implementing the present invention, it should be a means for mechanically coupling between wood. Can do. Moreover, it can also couple | bond by a connection means.

LPW Laminated plastic processed wood SW Surface material IW Inner layer material NW Wood before processing IS Internal space 10 Press panel 10A Upper press panel 10B Lower press panel 11 Seal member

Claims (8)

A surface layer material in which the entire thickness is compressed and plastically processed to have an air-dry specific gravity of 1.05 or more by heat compression in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain,
A laminated plastic processed wood comprising an inner layer material joined to one side of the surface layer material.   The laminated plastic working wood according to claim 1, wherein a sap material of cedar is used for the surface layer material.   The laminated plastic processed wood according to claim 1, wherein a cedar material or a yellow poplar material is used as the surface layer material.   In the impact test in which the surface layer material drops a weight from a predetermined height and determines its impact strength by damage caused by impact deformation, a weight having a weight of 1,000 [g] and a diameter of the tip of the impact core of φ13 [mm] is used. The indentation depth formed when dropping from a height of 500 [mm] is 0.5 [mm] or less on average, 4. Laminated plastic processed wood.   The surface layer material forms an internal space by a structure divided into a plurality of parts, and is a press board that is press-compressible by changing the volume of the internal space, and the wood placed in the internal space is made of wood. The inner space is heated and compressed in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the gas, and is held in the sealed internal space, and the vapor pressure in the held inner space is controlled and fixed. The laminated plastic working wood according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The surface layer material is constrained from being deformed in a direction perpendicular to the heat compression direction during heat compression in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood grain. The laminated plastic processed wood according to any one of 5.   The laminated plastic processed wood according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the surface layer material and the inner layer material are joined so that the length directions of the grain do not intersect each other.   The laminated plastic processed wood according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the surface layer material and the inner layer material are joined so that the length directions of the grain intersect each other.

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