JP2011257504A - Microscope and operation method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microscope and an operation method of the same to facilitate a positioning of a sample and focusing.SOLUTION: A microscope for observing a sample through an object lens comprises: a stage on which the sample is placed; at least one movement designation means to designate a shift of a relative position between the stage and the object lens by a rotative motion of the movement designation means in a prescribed direction; movement designation detection means to detect at least any one of the following information concerning presence of a rotation, a direction of the rotation, or a rotation angle of the movement designation means, as movement designation information; movement designation comparison means to compare a first movement designation information detected at a first timing with a second movement designation information detected at a second timing; and driving means to move the stage and/or the object lens based on a comparison result by the movement designation comparison means.

Description

  The present invention relates to a microscope and a microscope operating method, and more particularly to a microscope having an electric semi-focusing unit and an electric stage and the microscope operating method.

  When performing observation using a microscope, a microscope configured to electrically move a stage on which a specimen to be examined is placed is used to observe a finer region. In such a microscope, the position of the sample with respect to the observation optical system is adjusted by electrically moving the stage in accordance with an instruction from the observer, and focus detection and visual field movement can be performed.

  For example, as an electric microscope that can be operated without a sense of incongruity with a microscope configured to manually move the stage when performing focus detection electrically, the stage is electrically driven according to the rotation angle of the operation handle, and the observation optical system A microscope is disclosed in which focus detection is performed by adjusting the distance between the sample and the specimen. In addition, one operation handle is provided, and when switching between coarse and fine movements using a switch for coarse movement and fine movement, a handle for coarse movement and fine movement is provided, and both hands are operated. The case where it does is described (for example, refer patent document 1).

  In addition, a microscope is disclosed in which both the stage movement for detecting the focus and the stage movement for moving the visual field are electrically driven according to the rotation of the dial. In this microscope, an operation handle for performing coarse movement operation and an operation handle for performing fine movement operation are provided on the same axis, and the stage is moved in accordance with the operation of two operation handles that can be operated with one hand (for example, Patent Document 2).

JP-A-8-166548 Japanese Patent No. 3757405

In the above-described microscope, an operation for detecting a focus or the like is performed while observing the microscope, and thus an erroneous operation of erroneously operating the handle is likely to occur.
For example, in both Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the stage moves following the amount of rotation of the handle operation, so after rotating the handle in a certain direction, if the return hand accidentally hits the handle, it rotated incorrectly. The stage may move reflecting the amount of rotation. In particular, in Patent Document 2, since the fine movement handle and the coarse movement handle are configured to be operable with one hand, the other handle is easily touched during operation of one handle, and malfunction is likely to occur.

  However, none of the above-mentioned microscopes can detect an erroneous operation, and operations different from the intended operation result in significant focus shift, visual field shift, increased operation time, and contact between the specimen and the objective lens. There is a concern that such problems will occur.

    In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an electric drive microscope capable of preventing malfunction and improving operability.

  A microscope apparatus according to the present invention is a microscope apparatus for observing a specimen through an objective lens, and a relative position between the stage and the objective lens by rotating the stage on which the specimen is placed and a predetermined direction. At least one movement instruction means for instructing to change the movement direction, and movement instruction detection for detecting information including at least one of the presence / absence of rotation, the direction of rotation, and the rotation angle of the movement instruction means as movement instruction information A comparison result of the movement instruction comparison means for comparing the first movement instruction information detected at the first timing with the second movement instruction information detected at the second timing; And a driving means for moving the stage and / or the objective lens.

The movement instructing means may be two rotating means including a first rotating means and a second rotating means, and the two rotating means may be provided coaxially with each other.
The first rotating means includes a hollow first rotating shaft that rotates simultaneously with the rotation of the first rotating means, and an inner portion of the first rotating shaft, and rotates simultaneously with the first rotating means. The second rotation means is fixed to the second rotation shaft that rotates simultaneously with the rotation of the second rotation means, and the movement instruction detection means Comprises first detection means for detecting a movement instruction by the first rotation means, and second detection means for detecting a movement instruction by the second rotation means, wherein the first detection means Detects the rotation of the first rotating shaft, and the second detecting means can detect the rotation of the second rotating shaft.

  The first rotating means moves the stage and / or objective lens at a first movement rate, and the second rotating means moves the stage and / or objective lens smaller than the first moving rate. The movement instruction information includes coarse movement instruction information indicating that a movement instruction from the first rotation means has been detected and a movement instruction from the second rotation means. May be included.

  The first movement instruction information includes the fine movement instruction information, the second movement instruction information includes the coarse movement instruction information, and the second timing is a detection timing immediately after the first timing. In this case, it is preferable that the driving unit does not move the stage and / or the objective lens.

  The first movement instruction information includes the coarse movement instruction information, the second movement instruction information includes the fine movement instruction information, and the second timing is a detection timing immediately after the first timing. In this case, it is preferable that the driving unit does not move the stage and / or the objective lens.

  The movement instruction comparing means includes third movement instruction information detected at a third timing, and second movement instruction information detected at the second timing which is a detection timing immediately before the third timing. The first movement instruction information detected at the first timing, which is the detection timing immediately before the second timing, can also be compared.

  When all of the first movement instruction information, the second movement instruction information, and the third movement instruction information include the coarse movement instruction information, the driving unit moves the stage at the first movement ratio. Alternatively, it is preferable to move the objective lens.

  The movement instruction comparison means includes a counting means for counting information according to a rotation angle of the first rotation means detected by the movement instruction detection means as a coarse movement instruction value, and the coarse movement instruction counted by the counting means. Indicating value comparing means for comparing whether or not the value is equal to or greater than a coarse movement threshold value, and when the coarse movement instruction value is equal to or larger than the coarse movement threshold value, the driving means includes the stage and / or the objective lens. It can also be moved.

  The movement instruction information includes first direction instruction information indicating that rotation in a first direction instructing movement to reduce a relative distance between the sample and the stage by rotation of the rotating unit is detected; You may make it include the 2nd direction instruction information which shows having detected the rotation to the 2nd direction opposite to the 1st direction of a rotation means.

  The first rotating means moves the stage and / or objective lens at a first movement rate, and the second rotating means moves the stage and / or objective lens smaller than the first moving rate. The movement instruction information includes coarse movement instruction information indicating that a movement instruction from the first rotation means has been detected and a movement instruction from the second rotation means. Detecting rotation in the first direction instructing movement for enlarging the relative distance between the specimen and the stage by rotation of the fine movement instruction information indicating the rotation and the rotation of the first rotation means or the second rotation means. And a second direction indication indicating that rotation of the first rotation means or the second rotation means in the second direction opposite to the first direction is detected. Information, and can also include . Further, it is preferable that the movement instruction detection means detects the movement instruction information every predetermined time.

  A method for operating a microscope apparatus according to the present invention is a method for operating a microscope apparatus for observing a specimen through an objective lens. The microscope apparatus is operated relative to a stage on which the specimen is placed by rotating the specimen in a predetermined direction. A movement instruction detected by the movement instruction detection means as movement instruction information, which includes at least one of the presence / absence of rotation, the direction of rotation, and the rotation angle of at least one movement instruction means that instructs to change the position A comparison result of the movement instruction comparison means, a movement instruction comparison step for comparing the first movement instruction information detected at the first timing with the second movement instruction information detected at the second timing; And a driving step in which driving means moves the stage and / or the objective lens.

  According to the present invention, a microscope that can easily perform positioning and focusing of a specimen by detecting an erroneous operation and preventing a significant focus shift, a visual field shift, an increase in operation time, a contact between the specimen and an objective lens, etc. due to a malfunction. There is an effect that the apparatus can be provided.

The figure which shows the structure of the microscope by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main control part of the microscope by 1st Embodiment. The time chart which shows the operation | movement of the microscope by 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main control part of the microscope by the modification 1-1 of 1st Embodiment. The time chart which shows the operation | movement of the microscope by the modification 1-1 of 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main control part of the microscope by the modification 1-2 of 1st Embodiment. The time chart which shows the operation | movement of the microscope by the modification 1-2 of 1st Embodiment. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the main control unit of the microscope according to Modification 1-3 of the first embodiment. The time chart which shows the operation | movement of the microscope by the modification 1-3 of 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main control part of the microscope by the modification 1-4 of 1st Embodiment. The time chart which shows the operation | movement of the microscope by the modification 1-4 of 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the microscope by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main control part of the microscope by 2nd Embodiment. The time chart which shows the operation | movement of the microscope by 2nd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main control part of the microscope by 3rd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main control part of the microscope by 3rd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the main control part of the microscope by 3rd Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of another example of the microscope by this invention. The figure which shows the structure of another example of the microscope by this invention.

Hereinafter, a microscope apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
First, a microscope apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. A microscope 100 according to the first embodiment is a microscope apparatus that observes a specimen 2 placed on a stage 3 through an objective lens 1 as shown in FIG.

  The microscope 100 includes a fine movement handle 13 and a coarse movement handle 14 for focusing. When the observer rotates the fine movement handle 13, the main control unit 11 detects a rotation instruction via the fine movement shaft 15, the fine movement encoder wheel 19, and the fine movement encoder 21. When the coarse movement handle 14 is rotated, the main control unit 11 detects the rotation instruction via the coarse movement handle 14, the hollow shaft 16, the belt 17, the coarse movement shaft 18, the coarse movement encoder wheel 20, and the coarse movement encoder 22. To do. The main control unit 11 gives an instruction to the motor control device 10 based on the detected information, and drives and controls the pulse motor 5. The pulse motor 5 is configured to move the objective lens 1 through the motor shaft 6, the motor gear 7, the gear 8, the up and down moving body 9, and the support body 4 and adjust the distance from the sample 2 to focus. Yes.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the microscope 100 will be described in more detail. The coarse movement handle 14 is a rotary handle for moving the objective lens 1 up and down, that is, for moving the object lens 1 at a certain rate (first movement rate) with respect to the rotation angle of the coarse movement handle 14. The fine movement handle 13 moves the objective lens 1 up and down by a small amount, that is, to move the objective lens 1 at a certain fixed ratio (second movement ratio) smaller than the first movement ratio with respect to the rotation angle of the fine movement handle 13. It is a rotating handle.

  The fine movement shaft 15 is connected to the fine movement handle 13, and when the fine movement handle 13 is rotated, the fine movement shaft 15 is rotated. The hollow shaft 16 and the fine movement shaft 15 are connected to the coarse movement handle 14. When the coarse movement handle 14 is rotated, the fine movement shaft 15 and the hollow shaft 16 are rotated. The hollow shaft 16 and the coarse movement shaft 18 are connected by a belt 17. The belt 17 is rotated by the rotation of the hollow shaft 16, and the coarse movement shaft 18 is rotated by the belt 17.

  The coarse motion encoder wheel 20 is connected to the coarse motion shaft 18 and is rotated by the rotation of the coarse motion shaft 18. The coarse motion encoder 22 detects the rotation of the coarse motion encoder wheel 20 as a pulse signal.

  The fine movement encoder wheel 19 is connected to the fine movement shaft 15 and is rotated by the rotation of the fine movement shaft 15. The fine movement encoder 21 detects the rotation of the fine movement encoder wheel 19 as a pulse signal.

  When the pulse signals detected by the fine motion encoder 21 and the coarse motion encoder 22 are input, the main control unit 11 accumulates and stores in the storage device 12 for a predetermined time. The main control unit 11 reads the number of pulses accumulated from the storage device 12 after a certain time, and controls the motor control device 10 using a result obtained by performing arithmetic processing on the number of pulses.

  The motor control device 10 drives the pulse motor 5. The motor shaft 6 is rotated by driving the pulse motor 5 to rotate the motor gear 7. The gear 8 rotates as the motor gear 7 rotates.

  A protrusion that fits with the gear 8 is formed on the surface portion of the vertical moving body 9, and the vertical moving body 9 moves up and down as the gear 8 rotates. The support body 4 is fixed to the vertical moving body 9, and the objective lens 1 is fixed to the support body 4. Therefore, when the vertical moving body 9 moves up and down, the support body 4 fixed to the vertical movement body 9 and the objective lens 1 fixed to the support body 4 move up and down. By this vertical movement, the distance between the objective lens 1 and the sample 2 placed on the stage 3 is adjusted to adjust the focus.

  Next, the operation of the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of arithmetic processing executed by the main control unit 11 in the first embodiment. First, after the power is turned on (start), the timer variable t, fine movement input value fdat, coarse movement input value cdat, and fine movement log variable flog are all initialized to “0” (S101). Here, the timer variable t is a variable for measuring time, the fine movement input value fdat is a variable corresponding to the pulse detected by operating the fine movement handle 13, and the coarse movement input value cdat is the coarse movement handle 14. The variable according to the pulse detected by the operation, the fine movement log variable flog is a variable representing a record of whether the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected.

  When a pulse signal is output from the fine motion encoder 21, the main control unit 11 counts the number of pulses. For example, when a clockwise rotation is detected, a positive value is detected, and a counterclockwise rotation is detected. Is set to a negative value for fine movement fdat. Similarly, when a pulse signal is output from the coarse motion encoder 22, the main control unit 11 counts the number of pulses. For example, when a clockwise rotation is detected, a positive value, counterclockwise rotation is detected. In this case, the coarse motion input value cdat is set as a negative value.

  It is determined whether the timer variable t has reached the input value acquisition time TGET (S102). The input acquisition time TGET is, for example, 30 milliseconds. If the determination in S102 is NO, the timer variable t is incremented by one (S103). If the determination in S102 is YES, it is determined that the input value acquisition time has come, and the fine movement input value fdat and the coarse movement input value cdat are read from the storage device 12 (S104).

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, since the pulse signal is generated from both the fine motion encoder 21 and the coarse motion encoder 22 when the coarse motion handle 14 is rotated, it is necessary to check whether the coarse motion handle 14 has been operated. It is determined whether both the input value fdat and the coarse motion input value cdat have a value (the input value is not 0) (S105). If S105 is YES, the fine movement input value fdat is set to “0” (S106). After the determination in S106, it is determined again whether there is the fine movement input value fdat (S107).

  If the determination in S107 is YES, it is determined that there has been an operation of the fine movement handle 13 (hereinafter also referred to as a fine movement operation), and the pulse motor 5 is rotated by the fine movement input value fdat. At this time, if the input value is positive (fdat> 0), the pulse motor 5 is rotated clockwise (CW rotation) to move the objective lens 1 away from the sample 2, and if the input value is negative (fdat <0). The pulse motor 5 is rotated counterclockwise (CCW rotation), and the objective lens 1 is moved in a direction approaching the sample 2 (S108). After the process of S108, the fine movement log variable flog is updated to "1" (S109).

  In S107, if the determination is NO, it is determined whether there is a coarse motion input value cdat (S110). If the determination in S110 is YES, it is determined whether the fine movement log variable flog is "0" (S111). If the determination in S111 is YES, the previous operation (operation preceding the input value acquisition time TGET) is an operation of the coarse motion handle 14 (hereinafter also referred to as coarse motion operation) or no operation has been detected. The coarse motion operation is determined as an effective operation, and the pulse motor 5 is rotated by a value (cdat = cdat × 10) obtained by multiplying the coarse motion input value cdat by 10 times, for example. At this time, if the input value is positive (cdat> 0), the pulse motor 5 is rotated clockwise (CW rotation) to move the objective lens 1 away from the sample 2, and if the input value is negative (cdat <0). The objective lens 1 is moved in a direction approaching the sample 2 by rotating the pulse motor 5 counterclockwise (CCW rotation) (S112). Since the detected operation is not a fine movement operation, the fine movement log variable flog is updated to “0” after the process of S112 (S113).

  If the determination in S110 is NO, the determination in S111 and the processing in S112 are not performed, and the processing in S113 is performed. If the determination in S111 is NO, the process of S113 is performed without performing the process of S112.

  After the processing of S109 or S113, the fine movement input value fdat and the coarse movement input value cdat are returned to “0” (S114). After the process of S114, the timer variable t is reset to “0” and the process returns to the determination of S102 (S115).

  The above processing will be further described with reference to the time chart of FIG. FIG. 3 shows a time chart 3A as an example. The horizontal axis of the time chart represents the passage of time (the order of operations). In the present embodiment, the interval between adjacent readings is TGET. Note that each handle operation is represented by a symbol as “no operation” “N”, fine operation handle 13 operation “F”, and coarse operation handle 14 operation “C”. In addition, “◯” indicates that the operation is valid, “x” indicates that the operation is ignored, and “−” indicates that the operation is not performed.

  First, in the time chart 3A, the steering wheel operation is not detected in the reading 3-1, and the operation is described as “N”. The same applies to Read 3-7, Read 3-9, and Read 3-15. In the reading 3-2, the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected, and the operation is described as “F”. In the present embodiment, when the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected, the determination is “◯” because the motor 5 is always operated. At this time, the fine movement log variable flog = 1 indicating that the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected. Also in the next reading 3-3, the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected, the operation is “F”, and the determination is “◯”. Therefore, the fine movement log variable flog = 1.

  In the reading 3-4, the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected, the operation is “C”, and the fine movement log variable flog = 0. However, since the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected in the previous reading 3-3, in this embodiment, the determination is “x”. In the next reading 3-5, the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected, and the operation is “C” and flog = 0. Here, since the previous reading 3-4 is not an operation of the fine movement handle 13, the determination is “o” in the present embodiment.

  In reading 3-6, the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected, and the operation is "F". In the first embodiment, since the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is not always determined to be an erroneous operation, the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 3-10, reading 3-12, and reading 3-14.

  In reading 3-8, the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected, and the operation is “C”. Here, since the previous reading 3-7 is “N” without operation and not the operation of the fine movement handle 13, the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 3-16. Read 3-11 and read 3-13 are detected as a coarse motion operation, and the operation is “C”. However, since the previous read 3-10 and read 3-12 are operations of the fine movement handle 13, determination is made. Is “×”.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the fine movement operation is always performed without determining the erroneous operation, and in the coarse movement operation, if the fine movement operation is detected in the previous reading, it is ignored as an erroneous operation. If not, that is, if coarse operation or no operation is performed, it is executed.

  In the first embodiment, the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 correspond to the movement instruction means of the present invention, and the fine movement encoder 21 and the coarse movement encoder 22 correspond to the movement instruction detection means of the present invention. The main control unit 11 corresponds to the movement instruction comparison unit of the present invention, and the motor control device 10 and the pulse motor 5 correspond to the driving unit of the present invention.

  As described above, according to the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment, the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 that moves the stage at a higher rate by the rotation of the fine movement handle 13 on the same axis. Provided, and a pulse generated according to each rotation is detected and compared by the main controller 11 for a predetermined time. The main control unit 11 counts the detected pulses and stores them in the storage device 12 as a fine movement input value fdat having a positive value or a negative value depending on the rotation direction. When detecting the operation of the fine movement handle 13, the main control unit 11 drives the pulse motor 5 according to information detected as an always valid operation, that is, the fine movement input value fdat.

  The main control unit 11 compares the latest detected input information with the fine movement log variable flog detected immediately before. That is, when the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected, when the operation detected immediately before is the operation of the fine movement handle 13, that is, when the fine movement log variable flog = 1, the detected coarse movement is detected. It is determined that the operation of the handle 14 is an erroneous operation, and the pulse motor 5 is not driven. Since the information detected immediately before is not determined to be an erroneous operation when the coarse handle 14 is not operated or is not operated other than the fine adjust handle 13, the detected information, that is, the coarse input is detected. The pulse motor 5 is driven according to the value cdat.

  As described above, according to the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, it is determined that the operation before the coarse movement handle 14 is an operation when the fine movement handle 13 is operated. During the operation 13, it is possible to prevent a large focus shift and visual field shift caused by erroneous operation of the coarse movement handle operation 14, thereby improving operability.

(Modification 1-1)
Next, Modification 1-1 of the first embodiment will be described. In the present modification, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Since the microscope apparatus used is the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment, the description of the configuration is omitted, and here, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart of arithmetic processing executed by the main control unit 11 in Modification 1-1 of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, detailed description of the same parts as those in FIG. 2 will be omitted. In the modified example 1-1, the log variable clog for coarse motion is added to the variable to be used. The coarse movement log variable clog is a variable representing a record of whether or not an operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected. After the power is turned on (start), variables are initialized (S201). That is, all of the values of the timer variable t, the fine movement input value fdat, the coarse movement input value cdat, the fine movement log variable flog, and the coarse movement log variable clog are set to “0”.

  Since the processing of S202 to S207 is the same as the processing of S102 to S107 of FIG. 2 in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. In the microscope 100, when the coarse movement handle 14 is rotated, pulse signals are generated from both the fine movement encoder 21 and the coarse movement encoder 22. For this reason, each variable is adjusted in S202 to S206 so that the operation of the fine movement handle 13 can be detected by the fine movement input value fdat after a predetermined time has elapsed, and the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected by the coarse movement input value cdat. I can do it. In S207, it is determined using the fine movement input value fdat whether or not the fine movement handle 13 has been operated.

  If YES in S207, it is determined that a fine movement operation has been performed, and it is determined whether the coarse movement log variable clog is "0" (S208). If the determination in S208 is YES, it means that the previous operation (operation preceding the input value acquisition time TGET) is a fine movement operation or no operation, so the detected fine movement operation is determined as an effective operation, and the pulse motor 5 is determined in S209. The process to rotate is performed. Since the rotation of the pulse motor 5 in S209 is the same processing as S108 according to the first embodiment, the details are omitted. Then, it progresses to S210.

  If the determination in S208 is NO, it is determined that the previous operation is a coarse operation, and the fine movement input value fdat is due to an erroneous operation, and the process proceeds to S210. In S210, the fine movement log variable flog is updated to "1" and the coarse movement log variable clog is updated to "0" (S210).

  If NO in S207, it is determined whether there is a coarse motion input value cdat (cdat ≠ 0) or not (cdat = 0) (S211). If there is an input value for coarse movement (S211, YES), it is determined whether or not the fine movement log variable flog is "0" (S212). If the determination in S212 is YES, since the operation detected immediately before is a coarse operation or no operation, the pulse motor 5 is rotated (S213), and the process proceeds to S214. If the determination in S212 is NO, since the operation detected immediately before is a fine movement operation, it is determined that the coarse movement input value cdat is an erroneous operation, and the process proceeds to S214. In S214, the fine movement log variable flog is updated to “0” and the coarse movement log variable clog is updated to “1”.

  If the determination in S211 is NO, it is determined that there is no operation, and the fine movement log variable flog is updated to “0” and the coarse movement log variable clog is updated to “0” (S215). After the processes of S210, S214, and S215, the process proceeds to S216. The processes of S216 and S217 are the same as S114 and S115 of FIG. 2 in the first embodiment, and the fine movement input value fdat, the coarse movement input value cdat (S216), and the timer variable t (S217) are set to “0”. And return to S202.

  Next, the above operation will be further described with reference to the time chart of FIG. FIG. 5 is a time chart 5A in Modification 1-1. The horizontal axis of the time chart 5A represents the passage of time (the order of operations). The meanings of symbols in the time chart are the same as those in FIG.

  First, reading 5-1 is no operation, and both the fine movement log variable flog and the coarse movement log variable clog are “0”. The same applies to reading 5-7, reading 5-9, and reading 5-15. Reading 5-2 is a fine movement operation “F”. At this time, since the previous reading 5-1 is not a coarse operation, the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 5-10. Reading 5-3 is a fine movement operation “F”. At this time, since the previous operation is not a coarse motion operation, the determination is “◯”.

  Read 5-4 is a coarse motion operation “C”. At this time, since the previous operation is a fine movement operation, the determination is “x” and it is determined that the operation is malfunctioning. The same applies to reading 5-11 and reading 5-13. Reading 5-5 is a coarse motion operation “C”. At this time, since the previous operation is not a fine movement operation but a coarse movement operation, the determination is “◯”.

  Reading 5-6 is a fine movement operation “F”. At this time, the previous operation is a coarse motion operation, and the determination is “x”. The same applies to reading 5-12 and reading 5-14. Read 5-8 is a coarse motion operation “C”. At this time, the determination is “◯” because the previous operation is no operation and not a fine movement operation. The same applies to reading 5-16.

  As described above, in the modified example 1-1, it is determined whether the manipulation is wrong for both the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14. When the coarse operation is “C” immediately before the fine operation, and when the fine operation is “F” immediately before the coarse operation, the operation is determined to be erroneous.

  As described above, according to the microscope 100 according to the modified example 1-1 of the first embodiment, the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 are provided on the same axis, and are generated according to the respective rotations. A pulse is detected by the main controller 11 for a predetermined time. The main control unit 11 counts the detected pulses and stores them in the storage device 12 as a positive value or a negative value depending on the rotation direction.

  The main control unit 11 compares the latest detected input information with the fine movement log variable flog detected immediately before or the coarse movement log variable clog detected immediately before. That is, when the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected, if the operation detected immediately before is the operation of the coarse movement handle 14, it is determined that the detected operation of the fine movement handle 13 is an erroneous operation. The pulse motor 5 is not driven. Since the information detected immediately before is not determined to be an erroneous operation when there is no operation of the fine movement handle 13 or no operation other than the operation of the coarse movement handle 14, information detected as an effective operation, that is, an input for fine movement The pulse motor 5 is driven according to the value fdat.

  When the main control unit 11 detects the operation of the coarse movement handle 14, if the operation detected immediately before is the operation of the fine movement handle 13, the detected operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is an erroneous operation. And the pulse motor 5 is not driven. Since the information detected immediately before is not determined to be an erroneous operation when the coarse handle 14 is not operated or is not operated other than the fine adjust handle 13, the detected information, that is, the coarse input is detected. The pulse motor 5 is driven according to the value cdat.

  As described above, according to the microscope 100 according to the modified example 1-1 of the first embodiment of the present invention, the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is performed immediately before the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 is operated. When the previous operation is an operation of the fine movement handle 13, each detected operation is determined as an erroneous operation. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a large focus shift and visual field shift caused by erroneous operation of the coarse motion handle operation 14 during operation of the fine motion handle 13 and improve operability. Further, during the operation of the coarse movement handle 14, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the amount of movement caused by erroneous operation of the fine movement handle operation, and to improve the operability.

(Modification 1-2)
Next, Modification 1-2 of the first embodiment will be described. In the present modification, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those in the first embodiment and the modification 1-1, and a duplicate description is omitted. Since the microscope apparatus used is the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment, the description of the configuration is omitted, and here, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of arithmetic processing executed by the main control unit 11 in Modification 1-2. Hereinafter, detailed description of the same parts as those in FIG. 2 or 4 will be omitted.
Next, Modification 1-2 of the first embodiment will be described.

  After the power is turned on (start), all the values of the timer variable t, the fine movement input value fdat, the coarse movement input value cdat, the coarse movement log array 1clog [0], and the coarse movement log array 2clog [1] are all “0”. (S301). Here, the coarse motion log array 1clog [0] is a log indicating whether or not a coarse motion operation has been detected two times before the latest input currently read, and the coarse motion log array 2clog [1] is currently read. This is a log indicating whether or not a coarse motion operation has been detected immediately before the latest input.

  Since the processing of S302 to S307 is the same as the processing of S102 to S107 of FIG. 2 in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. In the microscope 100, when the coarse movement handle 14 is rotated, pulse signals are generated from both the fine movement encoder 21 and the coarse movement encoder 22. Therefore, in S302 to S306, each variable is adjusted so that the operation of the fine movement handle 13 can be detected by the fine movement input value fdat after a predetermined time has elapsed, and the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected by the coarse movement input value cdat. I can do it. In S307, it is determined whether or not the fine movement handle 13 has been operated.

  If YES in S307, the fine motor operation is always executed, so the pulse motor 5 is rotated (S308). Since this process is the same as S108 according to the first embodiment, the details are omitted. After the processing of S308, the coarse movement log array 1clog [0] is updated to the value of the coarse movement log array 2clog [1], and the coarse movement log array 2clog [1] is updated to “0” (S309), and the process proceeds to S315.

  If NO in S307, the process proceeds to S310. When the determination in S310 is YES, it is determined whether the coarse motion log array 1clog [0] is “1” (S311). If the determination in S311 is YES, it is determined whether the coarse motion log array 2Clog [1] is “1” (S312). If the determination in S312 is YES, both the previous and second previous operations are coarse motion operations, so the pulse motor 5 is rotated (S313). Since this process is the same as S112 in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  When the determination of S311 is NO, or when the determination of S312 is NO, or after the processing of S313, the coarse movement log array 1clog [0] is set to the value of the coarse movement log array 2clog [1], and the coarse movement log array 2clog [1] 1] is set to “1” (S314). If the determination in S310 is NO, it is determined that there is no operation, and the coarse log array 1clog [0] and the coarse log array 2clog [0] are updated in S309. After S309 and S314, the process proceeds to S315.

  The processes of S315 and S316 are the same as S114 and S115 of FIG. 3 in the first embodiment, and the fine movement input value fdat, the coarse movement input value cdat (S315), and the timer variable t (S316) are set to “0”. And return to S302.

  Next, the above operation will be further described with reference to the time chart of FIG. FIG. 7 is a time chart 7A in Modification 1-2. The horizontal axis of the time chart 7A represents the passage of time (the order of operations). The meanings of symbols in the time chart are the same as those in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the time chart 7A, the reading 7-1 is “N” without operation, and the coarse motion log variable clog is “0”. The same applies to reading 7-7, reading 7-9, reading 7-10, and reading 7-15. In reading 7-2, fine movement operation “F” is detected. At this time, the fine movement operation is always valid, so the determination is “◯”.

  In the reading 7-3, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected. At this time, both the previous read 7-2 and the second previous read 7-1 are not coarse motion operations, so the read 7-3 is determined to be an erroneous operation, and the determination is “x”. The coarse motion operation “C” is also detected in the read 7-4, the read 7-8, the read 7-11, the read 7-12, and the read 7-16, but at least one of the previous one and the previous two Since it is not a coarse operation, it is similarly determined as an erroneous operation.

  In the reading 7-5, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected. Here, since both the previous read 7-4 and the second previous read 7-3 are the coarse motion operation “C”, it is determined to be valid and the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 7-6, reading 7-13, and reading 7-14.

  As described above, in this modification 1-2, the coarse motion log array determines whether or not a coarse motion operation has been detected two times before and one time before the latest reading in order to determine an erroneous operation of the coarse motion handle 14. It is recorded and referred to as 1 log [0] and coarse motion log array 2 clog [1]. If either one of the coarse motion log array 1clog [0] or the coarse motion log array 2clog [1] is “0” (when no coarse motion operation is detected), the detected coarse motion operation is regarded as an erroneous operation. judge. In other words, when the coarse motion handle operation “C” is detected, if the previous and second previous logs are the same coarse motion operation, they are processed as valid operations, and the others are ignored.

  As described above, according to the microscope 100 according to the modified example 1-2 of the first embodiment, the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 are provided on the same axis and are generated according to the respective rotations. A pulse is detected by the main controller 11 for a predetermined time. The main control unit 11 counts the detected pulses and stores them in the storage device 12 as a positive value or a negative value depending on the rotation direction. When detecting the operation of the fine movement handle 13, the main control unit 11 always determines that the operation is effective, and drives the pulse motor 5 according to the detected information.

  The main control unit 11 compares the detected coarse input log variable 1clog [0] and the coarse movement log variable 2clog [1] with the latest detected input information. In other words, when the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected, the operation detected in the previous and second steps is referred to. When at least one of the operation detected immediately before or the operation detected two times before is an operation of the fine movement handle 13 or no operation, the detected operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is an erroneous operation. And the pulse motor 5 is not driven. Otherwise, the pulse motor 5 is driven according to information detected as an effective operation.

  Thus, according to the modified example 1-2 of the first embodiment, when a coarse motion operation is detected, the previous log (record of the previous detected operation) and 2 Looking at the previous log, if a coarse motion operation is detected in both of them, an input of the coarse motion operation is accepted, and otherwise the operation is erroneous. For this reason, even if switching from the fine movement handle to the coarse movement handle operation, the coarse movement input value is not accepted until the coarse movement handle operation is stabilized, and stable operation can be expected.

(Modification 1-3)
Next, Modification 1-3 of the first embodiment will be described. In the present modification, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the first embodiment, the modification 1-1, and the modification 1-2, and the duplicate description is omitted. Since the microscope apparatus used is the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment, the description of the configuration is omitted, and here, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of arithmetic processing executed by the main control unit 11 in Modification 1-3. Hereinafter, detailed description of the same parts as those in FIG. 2, FIG. 4, or FIG.
After power-on (start), timer variable t, fine movement input value fdat, coarse movement input value cdat, fine movement log array 1flog [0], fine movement log array 2flog [1], coarse movement log array 1clog [0] ], All the values of the coarse motion log array 2clog [1] are set to “0” (S401). Here, the coarse motion log array 1clog [0] is a log indicating whether or not a coarse motion operation has been detected two times before the latest input currently read, and the coarse motion log array 2clog [1] is currently read. This is a log indicating whether or not a coarse motion operation has been detected immediately before the latest input. Further, the fine movement log array 1flog [0] is a log indicating whether or not a fine movement operation is detected immediately before the latest input that is currently read, and the fine movement log array 2flog [1] is a current read. This is a log indicating whether or not a coarse motion operation has been detected immediately before the latest input.

  Since the processing of S402 to S407 is the same as the processing of S102 to S107 of FIG. 2 in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. In the microscope 100, when the coarse movement handle 14 is rotated, pulse signals are generated from both the fine movement encoder 21 and the coarse movement encoder 22. Therefore, in S402 to S406, each variable is adjusted so that the operation of the fine movement handle 13 can be detected by the fine movement input value fdat after a predetermined time has elapsed, and the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected by the coarse movement input value cdat. I can do it. In S407, it is determined whether or not the fine movement handle 13 has been operated.

  If YES in S407, that is, if it is determined that there is a fine movement input value fdat, it is determined that the fine movement operation is always valid, and the process proceeds to S408, where the pulse motor 5 is rotated. Since S408 is the same process as S108, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  After the processing of S408, the fine movement log array 1flog [0] is set to the value of the fine movement log array 2flog [1], and the fine movement log array 2flog [1] is set to “1”. Also, each log array is updated by setting the coarse movement log array 1clog [0] to the value of the coarse movement log array 2clog [1] and setting the coarse movement log array 2clog [1] to “0” (S409).

  If NO in S407, that is, if a fine movement operation is not detected, the process proceeds to S410, and it is determined whether or not a coarse movement operation is detected. If the determination in S410 is YES, it is determined that a coarse motion operation has been detected, and in S411, it is determined whether the coarse motion log array 1clog [0] is “1”.

  If the determination in S411 is YES, that is, if a coarse motion operation has been detected two times before, it is determined that the coarse motion operation is valid, and a process of rotating the pulse motor 5 is performed in S412. Since this process is the same as S112 according to the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  If the determination in S411 is NO, that is, if the coarse movement operation has not been detected two times before, the fine movement log array 2log [1] is “0”, that is, the fine movement operation has been detected immediately before. It is determined whether or not there is (S413). When the determination in S413 is YES, if the fine movement operation has not been detected immediately before, it is determined that the coarse movement operation is effective, and the process of rotating the pulse motor 5 is performed in S412.

  If the determination in S413 is NO, that is, if a fine movement operation has been detected two times before, or after the process of S412, the fine movement log array 1flog [0] is set to the value of the fine movement log array 2flog [1], The fine movement log array 2flog [1] is set to “0”. Further, the coarse movement log array 1clog [0] is set to the value of the coarse movement log array 2clog [1], and the coarse movement log array 2clog [1] is set to "1" (S414).

  If the determination in S410 is NO, that is, if a coarse motion operation is not detected, the fine movement log array 1log [0] is set to the value of the fine movement log array 2flog [1], and the fine movement log array 2flog [1] is set. ] Is set to “0”. Further, the coarse movement log array 1clog [0] is set to the value of the coarse movement log array 2clog [1], and the coarse movement log array 2clog [1] is set to "0" (S415). After S409, S414, and S415, the process proceeds to S416.

  The processes of S416 and S417 are the same as S114 and S115 of FIG. 3 in the first embodiment, and the fine movement input value fdat, the coarse movement input value cdat (S416), and the timer variable t (S417) are set to “0”. And return to S402.

  Next, the operation of Modification 1-3 will be further described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a time chart 9A in Modification 1-3. The horizontal axis of the time chart represents the passage of time (the order of operations). The meaning of the symbols in the time chart is the same as in FIG.

  In FIG. 9, reading 9-1 is “N” without operation. The same applies to reading 9-7. In reading 9-2, fine movement operation “F” is detected. At this time, since the fine movement operation is always effective, the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 9-4.

  In the readout 9-3, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected. At this time, since the fine movement log variable 2log [1] = 1 in the reading 9-2, the previous movement is not a coarse movement operation, but the previous movement is a fine movement operation. Therefore, it is determined as an erroneous operation, and the determination is “x”.

  In the readout 9-5, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected. At this time, the log array 1clog [0] = 1 for the coarse movement 9-4 is read, and the previous two are coarse movement operations. Therefore, it is determined that the coarse movement operation of reading 9-5 is effective, and the determination is “◯”.

  In the reading 9-6, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected. At this time, the log array 1clog [0] = 0 for coarse reading 9-5 is read, so that the previous two are not coarse movement operations, but the previous one is not a fine movement operation and is determined to be valid (determination “◯” ").

  In the reading 9-8, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected. At this time, the log array 1clog [0] = 1 for coarse movement for reading 9-7 is two, and the coarse movement operation is performed two lines before. Therefore, it is determined that the coarse movement operation of reading 9-8 is effective, and the determination is “◯”.

  As described above, in Modification 1-3, the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is always effective. When the coarse handle 14 is operated, it is first determined whether or not the previous operation is a coarse operation. If the previous operation is a coarse operation, the latest detected coarse operation is performed. Valid. If the previous operation is not a coarse operation, it is detected whether the previous operation is not a fine operation. If the previous one is not a fine movement operation, a process for enabling the latest detected coarse movement operation is performed.

  As described above, according to the microscope 100 according to the modified example 1-3 of the first embodiment, the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 are provided on the same axis and are generated according to the respective rotations. A pulse is detected by the main controller 11 for a predetermined time. The main control unit 11 counts the detected pulses and stores them in the storage device 12 as a positive value or a negative value depending on the rotation direction.

  The main control section 11 detects the detected fine movement log variable 1log [0], the fine movement log variable 2flog [1], the coarse movement log variable 1clog [0], and the coarse movement log variable 2clog [1] and the latest detected input information. Compare That is, when an operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected, it is always determined as an effective operation, and the pulse motor 5 is driven according to the detected information. Further, when detecting the operation of the coarse movement handle 14, the main control unit 11 first refers to the operation detected two times before. If the previous operation is the operation of the coarse movement handle 14, the detected operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is valid. If the previous operation is not the operation of the coarse movement handle 14, the detected operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is validated if the previous operation is not the operation of the fine movement handle 13. Other than the above, that is, when the previous operation is an operation of the fine movement handle 13 or the second operation is an operation of the fine movement handle 13 or no operation, the detected coarse movement handle 14 It is determined that the operation is an erroneous operation.

  As described above, according to the modification 1-3 of the first embodiment, when a coarse motion operation is detected, the previous log and the previous log are referred to and the previous log is referred to. If it is a coarse handle operation or no operation, or if the previous two are coarse handle operations, it is accepted as an effective operation, but otherwise it is ignored as an erroneous operation.

  Thus, according to Modification 1-3, there is an effect in the following case. For example, as in reading 9-2 to reading 9-6 in FIG. 9, N (reading 9-1: hereinafter referred to as 9-1) → F (9-2) → C (9-3) (erroneous operation “ “X” is determined as follows: for example, “X”) → F (9-4) → C (9-5) (◯) → C (9-6) (◯) is input, C (9-3) Is a coarse motion operation that has been deliberately input but has been determined to be an erroneous operation, F (9-4) is a fine motion operation that is erroneously processed but is processed as an effective operation, C (9-5), C (9 -6) is an intentional input. In the case of the first embodiment, C (9-5) is determined to be an erroneous operation because the immediately preceding operation is a fine movement operation, but in Modification 1-3, the previous log is the current input. Since the same operation is accepted as an effective operation, C (9-5) is not ignored. Thereby, when it is desired to continue the coarse operation, it can be properly detected and returned earlier than the microscope according to the first embodiment.

(Modification 1-4)
Next, modification 1-4 of the first embodiment will be described. In the present modification, the same components as those in the first embodiment and modifications 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Since the microscope apparatus used is the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment, the description of the configuration is omitted, and here, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart of arithmetic processing executed by the main control unit 11 in Modification 1-4. Hereinafter, detailed description of the same parts as those in FIG. 2, FIG. 4, FIG. 6, or FIG.

After the power is turned on (start), the values of the timer variable t, fine movement input value fdat, coarse movement input value cdat, and fine movement log variable flog are all set to “0” (S501).
Since the processing of S502 to S507 is the same as the processing of S102 to S107 of FIG. 2 in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. In the microscope 100, when the coarse movement handle 14 is rotated, pulse signals are generated from both the fine movement encoder 21 and the coarse movement encoder 22. Therefore, in S502 to S506, each variable is adjusted so that the operation of the fine movement handle 13 can be detected by the fine movement input value fdat after a predetermined time has elapsed, and the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected by the coarse movement input value cdat. I can do it. In S507, it is determined whether or not the fine movement handle 13 has been operated.

  If YES in S507, that is, if it is determined that there is a fine movement input value fdat, it is determined that the fine movement operation is always valid, and the flow proceeds to S508, where the pulse motor 5 is rotated. In step S509, the fine movement log variable flog = 1 is set. S508 is the same as S108, and S509 is the same as S109. Therefore, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  If NO in S507, the process proceeds to S510, and it is determined whether or not the coarse motion input value cdat = 0, that is, whether or not a coarse motion operation is detected. If the determination in S510 is YES, it is determined that a coarse motion operation has been detected, and the process proceeds to S511. If the determination in S510 is NO, it is determined that a coarse motion operation has not been detected, the process proceeds to S514, the fine movement log variable flog is set to 0, and the process proceeds to S515.

  In S511, it is determined whether or not the fine movement log variable flog = 0, that is, whether or not a fine movement operation has been detected immediately before. In the case of YES in S511, since the previous operation is not a fine movement operation, it is determined that the coarse movement operation is valid, the process proceeds to S513, and the pulse motor 5 is rotated. Since S513 is the same operation as S112 of FIG. 3 in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. Next, the process proceeds to S514, the fine movement log variable flog = 0 is set, and the process proceeds to S515.

  In the case of NO in S511, since the previous operation is not a fine movement operation, the absolute value of the coarse movement input value cdat, that is, the number of pulses detected by the main control unit 11 due to the rotation of the coarse movement handle 14 is the coarse movement threshold value. It is determined whether or not the constant is greater than or equal to the constant CTH (| cdat | ≧ CTH) (S512). The coarse motion threshold constant CTH can be arbitrarily determined, and may be set to 100, for example. If YES in S512, the coarse motion operation is validated and the process proceeds to S513, where the pulse motor 5 is rotated. If NO in S512, the coarse motor operation is ignored and the pulse motor 5 is not driven, and the process proceeds to S514. At this time, since the fine movement operation has not been detected, in S514, the fine movement log variable flog = 0 is set, and the process proceeds to S515.

  The processes of S515 and S516 are the same as S14 and S115 of FIG. 3 in the first embodiment, and the fine movement input value fdat, the coarse movement input value cdat (S515), and the timer variable t (S516) are set to “0”. And return to S502.

  Next, Modification Example 1-4 will be further described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a time chart 11A in Modification 1-4. The horizontal axis of the time chart represents the passage of time (the order of operations). The meaning of the symbols in the time chart is the same as in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the reading 11-1 is “N” with no operation. The same applies to reading 11-7, reading 11-9, and reading 11-15. In reading 11-2, the fine movement operation “F” is detected. Since the fine movement operation is always effective, the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 11-3, reading 11-6, reading 11-10, reading 11-11, and reading 11-14.

  In the reading 11-4, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected, and the absolute value of the coarse motion input value cdat is 50 (p). That is, the number of pulses detected by the main control unit 11 within a predetermined time due to the rotation of the coarse movement handle 14 is 50. However, at this time, since the immediately preceding reading 11-3 is a fine movement operation and the fine movement log variable flog = 1 before update, it is determined as an erroneous operation, and the determination is “×”.

  In the readout 11-5, as in the readout 11-4, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected, and the absolute value of the coarse motion input value cdat is 50 (p). In this case, since the immediately preceding reading 11-4 is a coarse motion operation, it is determined that the detected coarse motion operation is valid, and the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 11-13.

  In the readout 11-8, as in the readout 11-4, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected, and the absolute value of the coarse motion input value cdat is 50 (p). In this case, since the previous reading 11-7 is no operation, it is determined that the detected coarse motion operation is valid, and the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 11-16.

  In the reading 11-12, the coarse motion operation “C” is detected, and the absolute value of the coarse motion input value cdat is 100 (p). In this case, although the immediately preceding readout 11-11 is a fine motion operation, in this modification, since the coarse motion threshold constant CTH = 100, the absolute value of the coarse motion input value cdat is coarse in the readout 11-12. The dynamic threshold constant CTH is greater than or equal to. For this reason, it is determined that the detected coarse motion operation is valid, and the determination is “◯”.

  As described above, in Modification 1-4, the fine movement handle operation “F” is always processed as an effective operation. When the operation “C” of the coarse motion handle 14 is detected, when the previous operation is a fine motion operation and the detected absolute value of the coarse motion input value cdat is less than the coarse motion threshold constant CTH, Judged as erroneous operation. That is, it is effective when the previous log is a coarse motion handle operation “C” or no operation “N”, or if the absolute value of the coarse motion input value cdat is a value equal to or greater than the coarse motion threshold constant CTH. Treat as an operation.

  As described above in detail, according to the microscope 100 according to the modified example 1-4 of the first embodiment, the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 are provided on the same axis, and according to the respective rotations. The main controller 11 detects the generated pulse for a predetermined time. The main control unit 11 counts the detected pulses and stores them in the storage device 12 as a positive value or a negative value depending on the rotation direction.

  The main control unit 11 compares the detected fine movement log variable flog with the latest detected input information. That is, when an operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected, it is always determined as an effective operation, and the pulse motor 5 is driven according to the detected information. When the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected, the main control unit 11 refers to the previously detected operation and the detected coarse movement input value cdat. When the previous one is an operation of the fine movement handle 13, if the absolute value of the coarse movement input value cdat is less than the coarse movement threshold constant CTH, the coarse movement operation is determined to be an erroneous operation, and the coarse movement input is used. Valid if it is greater than or equal to the threshold constant CTH. If the previous one is the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 or no operation, the detected operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is valid.

  Thus, according to Modification 1-4 of the first embodiment, even if the immediately preceding operation is a fine movement operation, if the coarse movement input value exceeds the threshold value, it is processed as an effective operation. For example, when it is desired to increase the amount of movement by switching from the fine movement operation to the coarse movement operation, it is determined as an erroneous operation according to the first embodiment. Judged as valid. Thereby, it is possible to prevent an intentional operation from being erroneously determined as an erroneous operation.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the microscope 120 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that in the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment and the respective modifications are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the microscope 120 according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, the microscope 120 according to the second embodiment is a microscope apparatus that observes the sample 2 placed on the stage 3 through the objective lens 1, as in the microscope 100. Hereinafter, a difference in configuration between the microscope 100 and the microscope 120 will be described.

  The microscope 100 includes the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 for focusing, but the microscope 120 includes only one handle 23. An encoder shaft 24 is connected to the handle 23. When the handle 23 is rotated, the encoder shaft 24 rotates. The encoder wheel 25 is fixed to the encoder shaft 24, and the encoder wheel 25 rotates as the encoder shaft 24 rotates. The encoder 26 is provided near the encoder wheel 25 and detects a pulse signal corresponding to the rotation of the encoder wheel 25. The pulse signal detected by the encoder 26 is sent to the main control unit 11 and accumulated and stored in the storage device 12 for a fixed time.

  At this time, for example, when the handle 23 is rotated clockwise (CW direction) when viewed from the side opposite to the encoder shaft 24, the main control unit 11 counts the number of pulses as a positive value, and the pulse motor 5 It is an instruction to rotate (forward rotation) around and move the objective lens 1 and the specimen 2 away from each other (hereinafter referred to as distance expansion operation). When rotating counterclockwise (CCW direction), the main control unit 11 counts the number of pulses as a negative value, rotates the pulse motor 5 counterclockwise, and moves the objective lens 1 and the specimen 2 closer to each other. (Hereinafter referred to as distance reduction operation).

  Other configurations are the same as those of the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment. That is, the main control unit 11 gives an instruction to the motor control device 10 based on the detected information, and drives and controls the pulse motor 5. The pulse motor 5 is configured to move the objective lens 1 through the motor shaft 6, the motor gear 7, the gear 8, the up and down moving body 9, and the support body 4 and adjust the distance from the sample 2 to focus. Yes. In this way, the objective lens 1 is moved, and the distance from the sample 2 is adjusted to adjust the focus.

Next, the operation of the microscope 120 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart of arithmetic processing executed by the main control unit 11 in the second embodiment.

  After the power is turned on (start), the values of the timer variable t, the input value dat, and the plus log variable plog are all set to “0” (S601). Here, the timer variable t is a variable for determining the time for detecting a pulse. The input value dat is a numerical value representing the number of pulses accumulated in a predetermined time and the rotation direction. The plus log variable plog is a log indicating whether or not CW rotation (distance expansion operation) has been detected in the previous reading.

  It is determined whether the timer variable t has reached the input value acquisition time TGET (S602). If the determination in S602 is NO, the timer variable t is increased by one (S603). Here, the number of pulses sent from the encoder 26 is accumulated and stored in the input value dat until the timer variable t reaches the input value acquisition time TGET.

  If the determination in S602 is YES, the input value dat is read from the storage device 12 (S604). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the input value dat has a value (S605). If the input value dat = 0, the determination is no and the process proceeds to S611. If the input value dat = 0 is not 0, the determination in S605 is YES, and the process proceeds to S606. In S606, it is determined whether or not the input value dat is a positive value (dat> 0). If the determination in S606 is YES, the process proceeds to S607.

  In step S <b> 607, the pulse motor 5 is rotated by an instruction from the main control unit 11 via the motor control device 10. At this time, since the input value dat> 0, the main control unit 11 detects the distance expansion operation, the pulse motor 5 rotates forward (clockwise: CW), and the objective lens 1 moves away from the sample 2. . After the processing of S607, the plus log variable plog indicating that CW rotation is detected is updated to “1” (S608).

  If the determination in S606 is NO, that is, if the input value dat is a negative value (dat <0), the main control unit 11 has detected a distance reduction operation, and whether the plus log variable plog is “0”. That is, it is determined whether or not the previous operation was a distance expansion operation (CW) (S609).

  If the determination in S609 is YES, the distance reduction operation (operation in the CCW direction) is valid because the previous operation (operation before the input value acquisition time TGET) is the handle operation in the CCW direction or no operation. Judgment as an operation. At this time, since the input value is negative (dat <0), the pulse motor 5 is rotated counterclockwise (CCW) to move the objective lens 1 toward the specimen 2 (S610), and the process proceeds to S611.

  If the determination in S605 is NO, if the determination in S609 is NO, or after the processing in S610, the movement instruction in the CW direction, that is, the distance expansion operation is not detected, the plus log variable plog is set to “ It is updated to 0 ″ (S611).

  After performing the process of S608 or S611, the input value dat is set to “0” (S612), the timer variable t is reset to “0” (S613), and the process returns to the determination of S602.

  Next, the microscope 120 according to the second embodiment will be further described with reference to FIG. FIG. 14 is a time chart 14A according to the second embodiment. The horizontal axis of the time chart represents the passage of time (the order of operations). In the time chart 14A, “N” indicates no operation, “CW” indicates an operation of moving the objective lens 1 of the handle 23 away from the sample 2, and “CCW” indicates an operation of moving the objective lens 1 of the handle 23 and the sample 2 close to each other. Handle operations are represented by symbols. In addition, “◯” indicates that the operation is valid, “x” indicates that the operation is ignored, and “−” indicates that the operation is not performed. Here, reading is performed every time TGET.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the reading 14-1 is “N” with no operation. The same applies to reading 14-7, reading 14-9, reading 14-15, reading 14-17, and reading 14-23. In the reading 14-2, a distance expansion operation “CW” for turning the handle 23 clockwise is detected. Here, the distance expansion operation is always effective, and the determination is “◯”. At this time, the log variable for plus plog = 1 is set. Reading 14-3, reading 14-5, reading 14-6, reading 14-10, reading 14-11, reading 14-14, reading 14-18, reading 14-20, and reading 14-22 are the same.

  Reading 14-4 is a distance reduction operation “CCW”. At this time, since the previous reading 14-3 is the distance expansion operation “CW” and the plus log variable plog = 1 before update, this operation is determined to be an erroneous operation, and the determination is “×”. . The same applies to reading 14-12, reading 14-19, and reading 14-21.

  Reading 14-8 is a distance reduction operation “CCW”. At this time, the operation detected immediately before is “N” with no operation, and is not the distance expansion operation “CW”, so the plus log variable plog = 0. Therefore, this distance reduction operation is valid, and the determination is “◯”. The same applies to reading 14-16 and reading 14-24.

  Reading 14-13 is a distance reduction operation “CCW”. The operation detected immediately before is the distance reduction operation “CCW” and not the distance expansion operation “CW”, and therefore the plus log variable plog = 0. Therefore, this distance reduction operation is valid, and the determination is “◯”.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, whether or not a distance expansion operation for increasing the distance between the objective lens 1 and the sample 2 is detected is recorded, and when a distance reduction operation for decreasing the distance is detected. If the operation detected immediately before is a distance expansion operation, it is determined as an erroneous operation. If the operation detected immediately before is a distance reduction operation or no operation, it is determined that the distance reduction operation is also effective.

In the second embodiment, the handle 23 corresponds to the movement instruction means of the present invention, and the encoder 26 corresponds to the movement instruction detection means of the present invention.
As described above, according to the microscope 120 according to the second embodiment, the handle 23 is provided, and the main controller 11 detects a pulse generated according to the rotation of the handle 23. The main control unit 11 counts the detected pulses and stores them in the storage device 12 as a positive value when, for example, a clockwise rotation operation is detected, and as a negative value when a counterclockwise rotation operation is detected. To do. When the main control unit 11 associates rotation of the handle 23 in the clockwise direction with, for example, rotation of the pulse motor 55 in the direction of enlarging the distance between the objective lens 1 and the sample 2 and detects a positive input value dat In response to this, the pulse motor 55 is driven. In the case of counterclockwise rotation, the drive is in the reverse direction.

  When the main control unit 11 detects the distance reduction operation of the handle 23, the main control unit 11 refers to the plus log variable plog in which the previous reading is recorded, and the distance enlargement operation, that is, the plus log variable plog = 1. Then, it is determined as an erroneous operation. The previous one drives the pulse motor 5 as effective when the distance reduction operation or no operation is performed, that is, when the log variable for positive plog = 0. The distance expansion operation is always determined as an effective operation, and the pulse motor 5 is driven according to the detected information.

  As described above, according to the microscope 120 according to the second embodiment, the distance reduction operation is determined to be an erroneous operation when the distance enlargement operation is performed immediately before the distance reduction operation of the handle 23. Further, it is possible to prevent an erroneous operation with respect to the rotation direction of the handle and to stabilize the moving operation of the objective lens 1 or the stage 3.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment and the modifications thereof are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Since the microscope apparatus used is the microscope 100 according to the first embodiment, the description of the configuration is omitted, and here, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 17. The fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 count, for example, as a positive value when rotated clockwise (CW), and as a negative value when rotated counterclockwise (CCW). Is counted.

  15 is a flowchart of arithmetic processing executed by the main control unit 11 in the third embodiment, FIG. 16 is a flowchart of subroutine 1, and FIG. 17 is a flowchart of subroutine 2. Hereinafter, detailed description of the same parts as those in FIG. 2 will be omitted.

  After the power is turned on (start), the values of the timer variable t, the fine movement input value fdat, the coarse movement input value cdat, the fine movement log variable flog, and the plus log variable plog are all set to “0” (S701).

  Since the processing of S702 to S707 is the same as the processing of S102 to S107 of FIG. 2 in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. In the microscope 100, when the coarse movement handle 14 is rotated, pulse signals are generated from both the fine movement encoder 21 and the coarse movement encoder 22. Therefore, in S702 to S706, each variable is adjusted so that the operation of the fine movement handle 13 can be detected by the fine movement input value fdat after a predetermined time has elapsed, and the operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is detected by the coarse movement input value cdat. I can do it. In S707, it is determined whether or not the fine movement handle 13 has been operated.

If the determination is YES in S707, that is, if a fine movement operation is detected, the process proceeds to S708, and the subroutine 1 is executed.
Here, the subroutine 1 will be described with reference to FIG. First, it is determined whether or not the fine movement input value fdat is positive (S801). If the determination in S801 is YES, that is, if the fine movement input value fdat is positive, in this embodiment, since the distance enlargement operation is performed by the fine movement handle 13, the process proceeds to S802 and the pulse motor 5 is finely moved. The input value fdat is rotated. At this time, the objective lens 1 moves at a second movement rate in a direction away from the sample 2.

In step S803, the plus log variable plog indicating that the distance expansion operation is detected is set to "1", and the subroutine 1 is terminated.
If the determination in S801 is NO, that is, if the fine movement input value fdat is less than or equal to zero and a fine movement distance reduction operation is detected, the process proceeds to S804, and whether or not the plus log variable plog = 0. That is, it is determined whether or not a distance expansion operation has been detected immediately before. If the determination in S804 is YES, that is, if no distance enlargement operation has been detected in the previous operation (before the input value acquisition time TGET), the process proceeds to S805, and the pulse motor 5 is reversed to input the fine movement input value. The objective lens 1 is moved in the direction of the sample 2 by fdat. Subsequently, the process proceeds to S806.

  If the determination in S804 is NO, that is, if a distance expansion operation has been detected immediately before, it is determined that the distance reduction operation is an erroneous operation, and the process proceeds to S806. In S806, since no distance expansion operation has been detected, the plus log variable plog = 0 is set, and the subroutine 1 is terminated.

Returning to S709 of the flowchart of FIG. Here, since the fine movement operation is detected, the fine movement log variable flog = 1 is set, and the process proceeds to S714.
If the determination in S707 is NO, that is, if the fine movement input value fdat = 0 and no fine movement operation is detected, the process proceeds to S710. In S710, it is determined whether or not there is a coarse motion input value cdat. If the coarse motion input value cdat is not “0”, the determination in S710 is YES, and in S711, it is determined whether or not the fine motion log variable flog = 0, that is, whether the fine motion operation has been detected one time before. If the determination in S711 is NO, that is, if a fine movement operation has been detected one time before, the process proceeds to S713.

  If the determination in step S711 is YES, the process proceeds to subroutine 2. Here, the subroutine 2 will be described with reference to FIG. When the subroutine 2 is started, it is first determined whether or not the coarse movement input value cdat is positive, that is, whether or not a distance expansion operation has been performed by the coarse movement handle 14 (S901). When the determination is YES in S901, the process proceeds to S902 and the pulse motor 5 is driven. In the present embodiment, the pulse motor 5 is rotated by a value (cdat = cdat × 10) obtained by multiplying the coarse movement input value cdat by ten. At this time, since the input value is positive (cdat> 0), the pulse motor 5 is rotated clockwise (CW) to move the objective lens 1 away from the sample 2 (S902). Subsequently, the value of the plus log variable plog indicating that the distance expansion operation has been detected is updated to “1” (S903), and the subroutine 2 is terminated.

  If the determination is NO in S901, it is determined whether or not a distance expansion operation has been detected immediately before, that is, whether the value of the plus log variable plog is “0” (S904). If the determination in S904 is YES, since the previous operation (operation preceding the input value acquisition time TGET) is a distance reduction operation (handle operation in the CCW direction) or no operation, the distance reduction operation is determined as an effective operation. To do. Here, since the coarse motion input value cdat is negative (cdat <0), the objective lens 1 is rotated counterclockwise (CCW) by a value (cdat = cdat × 10) which is 10 times the coarse motion input value cdat (cdat = cdat × 10). The sample is moved in the direction of the sample 2 (S905), and the process proceeds to S906.

  If the plus log variable plog is not “0” in S904 and the determination is NO, or after the processing of S905 is completed, the process proceeds to S906, and the distance enlargement operation is not detected, so the plus log variable plog is set to “0”. , The subroutine 2 is terminated, and the process returns to S713 in FIG.

  In S713, since the fine movement operation is not detected, the fine movement log variable flog is set to “0”, and the process proceeds to S914. In S914, the fine movement input value fdat and the coarse movement input value cdat are each set to “0”. In S915, the timer variable t is set to “0”, and the process returns to S702.

Although the time chart according to the third embodiment is not shown, the time chart of FIG. 3 according to the first embodiment and FIG. 14 according to the second embodiment is combined.
As described above, in the third embodiment, it is a combination of the fine movement operation “F” and the distance expansion (CW) operation “CW” that the steering wheel operation is always effective. The erroneous operation determination is necessary when there is a coarse motion operation “C” or a distance reduction operation “CCW”. As shown in FIG. 3, the erroneous operation determination of the coarse motion operation “C” is performed when there is a fine motion operation immediately before, and the erroneous operation determination of the distance reduction operation “CCW” is performed as shown in FIG. It is.

  As described above in detail, according to the microscope 100 according to the third embodiment, the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 are provided on the same axis, and pulses generated according to the respective rotations are generated for a predetermined time. It is detected by the main control unit 11. The main control unit 11 counts the detected pulses and stores them in the storage device 12 as a positive value or a negative value depending on the rotation direction.

  The main control unit 11 compares the detected fine movement log variable flog with the latest detected input information. That is, when the operation of the fine movement handle 13 is detected, the pulse motor 5 is driven according to information detected as an always effective operation. When the main control unit 11 detects the operation of the coarse movement handle 14, if the operation detected immediately before is the operation of the fine movement handle 13, the detected operation of the coarse movement handle 14 is an erroneous operation. And the pulse motor 5 is not driven. Since the information detected immediately before is not determined to be an erroneous operation when the coarse handle 14 is not operated or is not operated other than the fine adjust handle 13, the detected information, that is, the coarse input is detected. The pulse motor 5 is driven according to the value cdat.

  Here, when the main control unit 11 detects the distance reduction operation of the fine movement handle 13 or the coarse movement handle 14, the plus log variable plog is referred to, and the previous one is a distance enlargement operation, that is, a plus before update. If the log variable for use plog = 1, it is determined as an erroneous operation. If the previous one is a distance reduction operation or no operation, the fine movement operation is valid and the pulse motor 5 is driven. At this time, in the case of a coarse operation, it is valid if the immediately preceding operation is not a fine operation.

  As described above, since it is determined that an erroneous operation is performed when the fine motion handle operation is performed immediately before the coarse motion handle operation, it is possible to prevent a focus shift or a visual field shift caused by an erroneous coarse motion operation during a fine motion operation during high magnification observation. . In addition, since it is determined to be an erroneous operation when the previous distance reduction (CCW) operation is a distance expansion (CW) operation, it is possible to prevent an erroneous dial operation related to the rotation direction.

  As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the positioning and focusing of the specimen can be performed by preventing a large focus shift, a visual field shift, an increase in operation time, a contact between the specimen and the objective lens, and the like due to an erroneous operation. It is possible to provide a microscope apparatus and a microscope apparatus operation method that are easy to perform.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various configurations or embodiments can be adopted without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment and modification, the magnification of the coarse motion input value is 10 times, but the magnification can be set to an arbitrary value.

  Each modification of the first embodiment can be combined as follows. That is, a combination of one or more of Modification 1-1, Modification 1-2, Modification 1-3, or Modification 1-4, Modification 1-2, Modification 1-3, or Modification Among examples 1-4, a combination with one or more, a combination of modification 1-3, and a modification 1-4 can be implemented.

In the modified example 1-2, it is also possible to receive the current input when the current input is the same as the current input continuously two or more retroactively.
In the second embodiment, the erroneous operation determination of the CCW handle, that is, the distance reduction operation is performed, but the erroneous operation determination of the CW handle operation, that is, the distance expansion operation can also be performed (variation of the modified example 1-1). In other words, when the CW handle operation immediately before is a CCW operation, the CW operation is regarded as an erroneous operation. This is referred to as Modification 2-1.

  Further, in the second embodiment, when there is a CCW handle operation, an erroneous operation determination is performed from the previous log, but the reference area is expanded to the second previous log, and the second input is the same as the current input. If there is, it is also possible to accept the current input (variation of modification 1-2). This is referred to as Modification 2-2.

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment, when a CCW handle operation is performed, an erroneous operation determination is performed from the previous log. However, when the log reference area is expanded and the same input as the present is input several times continuously, It is also possible to accept the input (variation of modified example 1-3). This is referred to as Modification 2-3.

  In the second embodiment, when a CCW handle operation is performed, an erroneous operation determination is performed from the previous log. However, when the input value exceeds a threshold value, it is also possible to accept the input (modified example) 1-4 variation). This is referred to as Modification 2-4.

  In the above case, the modification 2-1 is combined with one or more of the modification 2-2, the modification 2-3, or the modification 2-4, the modification 2-2, and the modification 2-3. Alternatively, a combination of one or more of Modifications 2-4, a combination of Modifications 2-3, and Modifications 2-4 can be implemented.

Furthermore, it is also possible to accept the current input when the variation 2-2 is the same as the current input continuously two or more retroactively.
The third embodiment is modified example 1-1, modified example 1-2, modified example 1-3, modified example 1-4, modified example 2-1, modified example 2-2, modified example 2-3, modified example. 2-4, in combination with one or more.

  First Embodiment, Second Embodiment, Third Embodiment, Modified Example 1-1, Modified Example 1-2, Modified Example 1-3, Modified Example 1-4, Modified Example 2-1, Modified Example 2-2 The modification 2-3 and the modification 2-4 can be implemented even when the fine movement handle 13 and the coarse movement handle 14 are separately provided as shown in FIG. In this case, when the observer rotates the fine movement handle 13, the main control unit 11 detects a rotation instruction via the fine movement shaft 15, the fine movement encoder wheel 19, and the fine movement encoder 21. When the coarse motion handle 14 is rotated, the main control unit 11 detects a rotation instruction via the coarse motion shaft 18, the coarse motion encoder wheel 20, and the coarse motion encoder 22. The main control unit 11 gives an instruction to the motor control device 10 based on the detected information, and drives and controls the pulse motor 5. In this example, unlike the first embodiment, since the fine movement shaft 15 does not rotate when the coarse movement handle 14 is rotated, for example, the processing of S105 and S106 in FIG. 3 is not required.

  First Embodiment, Second Embodiment, Third Embodiment, Modified Example 1-1, Modified Example 1-2, Modified Example 1-3, Modified Example 1-4, Modified Example 2-1, Modified Example 2-2 The modified example 2-3 and modified example 2-4 can be implemented even when the vertically moving body 9 is fixed to the stage 3 as shown in FIG. 19 and the stage 3 moves up and down. At this time, the pulse motor 5 moves the stage 3 and the specimen 2 placed on the stage 3 via the motor shaft 6, the motor gear 7, the gear 8, and the vertical moving body 9, and the distance between the objective lens 1 and the specimen 2. It is configured to adjust the focus.

  Furthermore, 1st Embodiment, 2nd Embodiment, 3rd Embodiment, Modification 1-1, Modification 1-2, Modification 1-3, Modification 1-4, Modification 2-1, Modification 2 -2, Modification 2-3, Modification 2-4 are all inventions relating to the adjustment of the distance between the objective lens 1 and the specimen 2, but can also be implemented when the objective lens 1 moves in the plane direction. is there. It can also be implemented when the stage moves in the plane direction.

  In the embodiment and the modification described above, when the coarse motion operation and the fine motion operation are performed simultaneously, the coarse motion operation is preferentially executed. However, the fine motion operation may be prioritized. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Objective lens 2 Specimen 3 Stage 4 Support body 5 Pulse motor 6 Motor shaft 7 Motor gear 8 Gear 9 Vertical moving body 10 Motor controller 11 Main control part 12 Memory | storage device 13 Handle for fine movement 14 Handle for coarse movement 21 Encoder for fine movement 22 For coarse movement Encoder 23 Rotating handle 26 Encoder

Claims (14)

A microscope device for observing a specimen through an objective lens,
A stage on which the specimen is placed;
At least one movement instruction means for instructing to change a relative position between the stage and the objective lens by rotating in a predetermined direction;
A movement instruction detection means for detecting, as movement instruction information, information including at least one of the presence / absence of rotation of the movement instruction means, the direction of rotation, and the rotation angle;
A movement instruction comparing means for comparing the first movement instruction information detected at the first timing with the second movement instruction information detected at the second timing;
Driving means for moving the stage and / or the objective lens according to the comparison result of the movement instruction comparing means;
A microscope apparatus characterized by comprising:   The microscope apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movement instruction unit is two rotation units including a first rotation unit and a second rotation unit.   The microscope apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the two rotating means are provided coaxially with each other. The first rotating means includes a hollow first rotating shaft that rotates with the rotation of the first rotating means, and a first rotating shaft that is provided inside the first rotating shaft and rotates with the first rotating means. 2 and fixed to the rotating shaft,
The second rotating means is fixed to the second rotating shaft that rotates together with the rotation of the second rotating means,
The movement instruction detecting means includes
First detection means for detecting a movement instruction by the first rotation means;
Second detection means for detecting a movement instruction by the second rotation means;
Have
The first detecting means detects rotation of the first rotating shaft;
The microscope apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the second detection unit detects rotation of the second rotation shaft. The first rotating means includes
Moving the stage and / or objective lens at a first rate of movement;
The second rotating means includes
Moving the stage and / or the objective lens at a second movement rate smaller than the first movement rate;
The movement instruction information is
Coarse movement instruction information indicating that a movement instruction from the first rotating means has been detected;
Fine movement instruction information indicating that a movement instruction from the second rotating means has been detected;
The microscope apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising: The first movement instruction information includes the fine movement instruction information;
The second movement instruction information includes the coarse movement instruction information;
When the second timing is a detection timing immediately after the first timing,
The microscope apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the driving unit does not move the stage and / or the objective lens. The first movement instruction information includes the coarse movement instruction information;
The second movement instruction information includes the fine movement instruction information;
When the second timing is a detection timing immediately after the first timing,
The driving means includes
The microscope apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the stage and / or the objective lens is not moved. The movement instruction comparing means includes
The third movement instruction information detected at the third timing, the second movement instruction information detected at the second timing, which is the detection timing immediately before the third timing, and the second timing The microscope apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the microscope apparatus is compared with the first movement instruction information detected at the first timing which is the immediately preceding detection timing.   When all of the first movement instruction information, the second movement instruction information, and the third movement instruction information include the coarse movement instruction information, the driving unit moves the stage at the first movement ratio. The microscope apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the objective lens is moved. The movement instruction comparing means includes
Counting means for counting information according to the rotation angle of the first rotation means detected by the movement instruction detection means as a coarse movement instruction value;
Indicated value comparing means for comparing whether the coarse movement instruction value counted by the counting means is equal to or greater than a coarse movement threshold;
Have
The microscope apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the driving unit moves the stage and / or the objective lens when the coarse movement instruction value is equal to or greater than the coarse movement threshold value. The movement instruction information is
First direction indication information indicating that rotation in a first direction instructing movement to reduce the relative distance between the sample and the stage by rotation of the rotation means is detected;
Second direction indication information indicating that rotation of the rotating means in a second direction opposite to the first direction is detected;
The microscope apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: The first rotating means includes
Moving the stage and / or objective lens at a first rate of movement;
The second rotating means includes
Moving the stage and / or the objective lens at a second movement rate smaller than the first movement rate;
The movement instruction information is
Coarse movement instruction information indicating that a movement instruction from the first rotating means has been detected;
Fine movement instruction information indicating that a movement instruction from the second rotating means has been detected;
A first direction indication indicating that a rotation in a first direction instructing a movement for enlarging a relative distance between the sample and the stage is detected by the rotation of the first rotation means or the second rotation means. Information and
Second direction indication information indicating that rotation of the first rotation means or the second rotation means in a second direction opposite to the first direction is detected;
The microscope apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising:   The microscope apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the movement instruction detection unit detects the movement instruction information every predetermined time. A method of operating a microscope apparatus for observing a specimen through an objective lens,
By rotating in a predetermined direction, the presence / absence of rotation, the direction of rotation, and the rotation angle of at least one movement instruction means for instructing to change the relative position between the stage on which the specimen is placed and the objective lens are changed. A movement instruction detecting step in which the movement instruction detecting means detects information including at least one of them as movement instruction information;
A movement instruction comparison step of comparing the first movement instruction information detected at the first timing with the second movement instruction information detected at the second timing;
A driving step in which a driving unit moves the stage and / or the objective lens according to a comparison result of the movement instruction comparing unit;
A method for operating a microscope apparatus, comprising:

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