JP2011241650A - Structural wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structural wall allowing simple and low-cost construction, excellent in features and design such as aesthetic appearance, daylighting, and ventilation.SOLUTION: A structural wall comprises: a steel grill material 10 in which vertical members 11, 11, ... and cross members 12, 12, ... are arranged at intervals from each other to form a plurality of openings 13, 13, ... and wooden members 20 20, ... arranged so as to block predetermined openings 13', 13', ... of the plurality of openings 13, 13 ..., each of the wooden members 20 being formed by stacking a first wooden member 11 and a second wooden member 12 in the wall thickness direction to be fitted into each of the openings 13' so as not to bear a tensile force.

Description

  The present invention relates to a structural wall disposed in a new or existing building for the purpose of improving earthquake resistance.

  For the purpose of improving the earthquake resistance of the building, there is a case where a cast-in-place reinforced concrete seismic wall, a seismic wall with a steel frame, a steel brace, or the like is arranged in an inner space of an existing beam column structure formed of columns and beams.

However, the reinforced concrete earthquake-resistant wall blocks the inner space of the beam column frame with concrete, and thus the degree of freedom in design and design may be limited.
In addition, the seismic reinforcement by the steel frame or the steel brace also has a problem that the degree of freedom in design is limited by the arrangement of the steel frame.

  In addition, reinforced concrete seismic walls, seismic walls made of steel frames, or steel braces, etc., only emit carbon dioxide and have put a burden on the environment.

Therefore, Patent Document 1 discloses a seismic wall formed by joining a seismic unit made of a wooden material to a frame made of a wooden material fixed along the inner peripheral surface of the beam column frame. By adopting "wood", it is possible to realize a seismic wall (structural wall) that contributes to environmental conservation with a fixed carbon dioxide type.
This earthquake-resistant unit is constituted by a rectangular plate-like plate member and a frame member provided along the entire periphery of the plate member.

JP 2008-280747 A

  However, since the earthquake-resistant wall described in Patent Document 1 is formed by stacking a plurality of earthquake-resistant units formed by combining a plurality of wooden members, it is troublesome to manufacture the earthquake-resistant units or to join the earthquake-resistant units to each other. In some cases, the cost for this is increased.

  In addition, since the inner space of the beam column frame is blocked by a wall, there are problems such as inability to perform aesthetic and chromatic surfaces, and necessary piping including ducts.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and proposes a structural wall that can be constructed easily and inexpensively and that is excellent in terms of function and design, such as aesthetics, daylighting, and ventilation. This is the issue.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the structural wall of the present invention is a steel lattice material in which vertical members and cross members are arranged at intervals to form a plurality of openings, and among the plurality of openings, A wooden member disposed so as to close at least one opening, wherein the wooden member is formed by overlapping the first wooden material and the second wooden material in the wall thickness direction. And is fitted into the opening so as not to bear a tensile force.

According to such a structural wall, it is possible to construct a structural wall having the required proof strength and synthesis by combining the lattice material and the wooden member.
Further, by using the wood material, it becomes possible to construct a carbon dioxide fixed type structural wall that contributes to environmental conservation.

Further, since the structural wall is formed by fitting a wooden member into the lattice material, it can be easily formed.
Furthermore, it is possible to construct a structural wall that is excellent in terms of functionality and design, such as aesthetics, lighting, and ventilation, by arranging the wooden members.

  If the fiber direction of the first wooden material and the fiber direction of the second wooden material intersect each other in the structural wall, the wooden member can transmit the shear with an axial force by the compression strut. Here, in this specification, the fiber direction means a direction strong against compression of the first wood material or the second wood material.

  In addition, if the first wooden material and the second wooden material are overlapped so that the wooden member is symmetric with respect to the center in the wall thickness direction, the transmission of force in the structural wall is transmitted through the wall thickness of the structural wall. Since it is performed in the center of the direction, it is possible to construct a higher quality earthquake resistant wall.

  Furthermore, if the lattice material is stiffened by the stiffening plates at the corners of the opening, the rigidity of the structural wall increases, so that it is possible to construct a building with better earthquake resistance.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to construct a structural wall that can be constructed simply and inexpensively and that is functionally and designally superior in terms of aesthetics, daylighting, and ventilation.

It is a front view which shows the structural wall which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is the lattice material of the structural wall of FIG. 1, Comprising: (a) is an enlarged front view, (b) is AA sectional drawing. (A) is the enlarged front view of the same structural wall, (b) is the same expanded sectional view, (c) is BB sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the structure wall which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, (a) is a disassembled perspective view, (b) is CC sectional drawing.

<First Embodiment>
As shown in FIG. 1, the structural wall 1 according to the first embodiment is formed by columns 2 and 2 erected on the left and right sides, and upper and lower beams 3 and 3 horizontally disposed on these columns. The beam pillar frame 4 is disposed in the inner space.

  The structural wall 1 is made of a steel lattice material 10 that forms a plurality of openings 13, 13,... By arranging vertical members 11, 11,... And cross members 12, 12,. Are provided with a plurality of wood members 20, 20,... Disposed so as to close some of the openings 13, 13,. Here, in the present embodiment, the openings 13, 13,... Are formed in a square having the same dimension, but may be formed in a rectangle, and are formed in different dimensions depending on the position. Also good.

  The vertical member 11 and the horizontal member 12 are made of a steel plate material, and form a lattice material 10 by being combined so as to cross each other. In this embodiment, the vertical member 11 is arranged vertically and the cross member 12 is arranged horizontally. A rectangular frame member 14 is integrally formed at the outer periphery of the lattice member 10 and at a position facing the pillars 2 and 2 or the beams 3 and 3.

As described above, the lattice material 10 is continuous between the horizontal members 12, 12,... And the upper and lower beams 3, 3 arranged so as to be continuous between the left and right columns 2, 2 in the inner space of the beam column frame 4. Since it is comprised by the vertical members 11, 11, ... arranged so as to function, it functions as a structure capable of enhancing the proof stress and rigidity of the beam column frame 4 against the external force acting on the building.
Further, since the lattice member 10 is formed by joining the longitudinal member 11 and the transverse member 12, even when a tensile force is applied to the structural wall 1, the lattice member 10 is handled by the longitudinal member 11 or the transverse member 12. Making it possible.

  The vertical member 11 has the same length as the interval between the upper and lower sides of the frame member 14, and a slit (not shown) is formed corresponding to the position of the horizontal member 12. The slit has the same width as the thickness of the cross member 12 and has a depth that is about half the width of the vertical member 11 (length in the wall thickness direction).

  The cross member 12 has the same length as the interval between the left and right sides of the frame member 14, and a slit (not shown) is formed corresponding to the position of the vertical member 11. The slit has the same width as the thickness of the vertical member 11 and the depth is about half of the width of the cross member 12 (length in the wall thickness direction).

  The vertical member 11 and the horizontal member 12 are combined in a lattice shape by engaging each other's slits. The lattice member 10 is welded and joined at the meshing portion (intersection portion) between the longitudinal member 11 and the transverse member 12 and welded at the contact portion between the longitudinal member 11 or the transverse member 12 and the frame member 14. It is formed by.

In addition, the formation method of the grid | lattice material 10 is not limited, For example, you may form by arrange | positioning the vertical material 11 divided | segmented between the horizontal members 12, and the divided vertical material 11 and The cross member 12 may be formed by bonding.
In the present embodiment, the openings 13, 13,... Are formed in 5 rows and 10 rows, but the number of rows and the number of rows of the openings 13 are not limited.

  Moreover, the material which comprises the vertical member 11 and the horizontal member 12 is not limited to a steel plate, for example using various shape steels, In addition to the rigidity of the member which comprises the grid | lattice material 10, predetermined opening part What is necessary is just to select and use the material which can express desired proof stress suitably according to the rigidity of the wooden member 20 arrange | positioned to 13. FIG.

  The frame member 14 is formed by combining steel plates of the same type as the longitudinal member 11 and the transverse member 12 in a frame shape.

  The lattice material 10 is attached to the beam column frame 4 by filling a gap between the outer periphery of the frame material 14 and the beam column frame 4 with a filler such as mortar. Here, the filler used for the attachment is not limited to mortar as long as the lattice material 10 and the beam post frame 4 can be integrated. Moreover, the attachment method to the beam pillar frame 4 of the grid | lattice material 10 is not limited, Depending on the case, it can select suitably from a friction construction method or an anchor construction method.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), stiffening plates 15 are arranged at the corners of the openings 13 'in which the wood member 20 is disposed, among the openings 13 of the lattice material 10.

  The stiffening plate 15 is made of a square steel plate, and two of the four sides are fixed to the corners (entrance corners) of the longitudinal member 11 and the transverse member 12 surrounding the opening 13 '.

  The fixing method of the stiffening plate 15 is not limited, but in the present embodiment, the stiffening plate 15 is fixed by welding at a contact portion with the peripheral wall surface of the opening 13 ′.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the wooden member 20 is checkered (every other) so as to be adjacent to the other wooden members 20 obliquely with respect to the plurality of openings 13, 13,... Is arranged. The arrangement of the wooden members 20 is not limited. However, when an external force is applied to the structural wall 1 during an earthquake or the like, the compression struts can be formed in the axial direction ( It is desirable that the arrangement be continuous with respect to the oblique direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the wood member 20 is formed in the same square as the openings 13 ′ of the lattice material 10.

  As shown in FIG. 3C, the wooden member 20 is formed by superposing a first wooden material 21 and a second wooden material 22 in the wall thickness direction.

  The first wood material 21 and the second wood material 22 are wooden plate materials such as laminated wood and solid wood, and are formed in a square having the same dimensions as the opening 13 ′. The first wood material 21 and the second wood material 22 are fitted into the opening 13 ′ from the front or the back of the lattice material 10. Moreover, the 1st wooden material 21 and the 2nd wooden material 22 have the same board thickness.

  The first wood material 21 and the second wood material 22 are in contact with each other in a state where the stiffening plate 15 is sandwiched on a vertical plane passing through the center in the wall thickness direction. Note that the first wooden member 21 and the second wooden member 22 may be bonded to each other on the contact surface sandwiching the stiffening plate 15 to fix the movement of the structural wall 1 in the front-rear direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the first wood material 21 is fitted into the opening 13 'from the front side of the lattice material 10, and the four corners of the rear surface of the first wood material 21 are stiffening plates 15, 15, It is in contact with ... The first wood material 21 has a circumferential surface that is in close contact with the lattice material 10 and is fixed by a frictional force between the first wood material 21 and the lattice material 10. The first wood material 21 may be bonded to the lattice material 10 with an adhesive for the purpose of preventing the first wooden material 21 from coming out of the opening 13 '.

The first wood material 21 is continuous with the other first wood material 21 adjacent to each other in the oblique direction (upper left to lower right in FIG. 3A) and the direction strong against the mutual compression (fiber direction 23). It is arranged (in the same direction).
That is, the first wood material 21 is arranged such that the fiber direction 23 is oriented along the diagonal line of the first wood material 21, and in the state of being arranged on the lattice material 10, the diagonal line of the opening 13 ′ The fiber direction 23 is parallel.

  The first wood material 21 has a stronger proof stress along the fiber direction 23 than the direction intersecting the fiber direction 23. Therefore, by arranging the first wood material so that the fiber direction 23 coincides with the axial direction X of the compression strut, the structural wall 1 having excellent force transmission in the axial direction X of the compression strut is formed. .

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the second wooden material 22 is fitted into the opening 13 ′ from the rear side of the lattice material 10, and the four corners on the front surface of the second wooden material 22 are stiffening plates 15, 15. , ... are in contact. The peripheral surface of the second wooden material 22 is in close contact with the lattice material 10 and is fixed by the frictional force between the second wooden material 22 and the lattice material 10. The second wood material 22 may be adhered to the lattice material 10 with an adhesive for the purpose of preventing the second wood material 22 from coming out of the opening 13 '.

The second wood material 22 is continuous with the other second wood material 22 adjacent in the oblique direction (upper right to lower left direction in FIG. 3B) and the direction (fiber direction 23) strong against mutual compression (fiber direction 23). Arranged in the same direction).
In other words, the fiber direction 23 of the second wood material 22 is formed so as to be oriented along the diagonal line of the second wood material 22, and is arranged on the lattice material 10 and the diagonal line of the opening 13 ′. The fiber direction 23 is parallel.

  The second wooden material 22 has a stronger proof stress along the fiber direction 23 than the direction intersecting the fiber direction 23. Therefore, by arranging the second wood material so that the fiber direction 23 coincides with the axial direction Y of the compression strut, the structural wall 1 having excellent force transmission in the axial direction Y of the compression strut is formed. .

  Thus, the fiber direction (strong compression direction) 23 of the first wood material 21 is along one of the two diagonal lines that can be formed in the opening 13 ′, and the fiber direction of the second wood material 22. (Direction strong against compression) 23 is along the other diagonal. That is, the fiber direction 23 of the first wood material 21 and the fiber direction 23 of the second wood material 22 intersect each other. And as shown to Fig.3 (a) and (b), the compression strut provided with the axial directions X and Y which mutually cross | intersect is formed.

As described above, according to the structural wall 1 of the present embodiment, the plurality of wooden members 20 are arranged in the diagonal direction with respect to the lattice material 10, so that a compression strut against an external force such as a seismic force is formed. Become so. That is, the structural wall 1 has sufficient proof stress and rigidity against external force that acts during an earthquake or the like.
As described above, according to the structural wall 1, it is possible to enhance the proof strength against an external force in the lateral direction during an earthquake or the like, similarly to the seismic reinforcing member such as a steel brace.

  Further, the wood member 20 is configured such that the direction strong against the compression of the first wood material 21 and the second wood material 22 (fiber direction 23) continues along the axial direction (oblique direction) of the compression strut. Therefore, it exhibits an excellent power transmission function.

  In addition, since the first wooden material 21 and the second wooden material 22 are arranged so that the direction strong against compression (fiber direction 23) is opposite, the axial direction is changed with respect to the seismic force that changes from side to side. You can respond by changing.

  Since the stiffening plate 15 is disposed at the corner portion of the opening portion 13 of the lattice material 10 in correspondence with the axial direction of the compression strut, the opening portion 13 is stiffened and the force is transmitted. Is even better.

  The wood member 20 is formed by being fitted into the opening 13 and is fixed to the lattice material 10 only by a frictional force, so that it does not bear a tensile force. Thereby, it is suppressed that the wooden member 20 deform | transforms with a tensile force. Furthermore, it is excellent in workability and inexpensive.

Further, the wooden member 20 may be disposed only in a necessary portion, and by opening the other opening 13, the opening ratio of the structural wall is improved, and aesthetics, lighting, ventilation, etc. The degree of freedom in design is increased.
Further, by using the wood member 20, it is possible to express aesthetics different from concrete or steel plate.

Further, by using a wood material, it is possible to construct a carbon dioxide fixed type structural wall.
If laminated wood is used as the wood member 20, effective use of resources is achieved.

  Since a joining member such as a bolt is not required for joining the lattice member 10 and the wooden member 20, it is possible to greatly reduce the labor required when constructing the structural wall 1.

<Second Embodiment>
The structural wall 1 of the second embodiment is also disposed in the inner space of the beam column frame 4 (see FIG. 1).

  The structural wall 1 includes a steel lattice member 10 and a plurality of wood members 20, 20,... Disposed so as to close a part of the openings 13, 13,. . Here, in the present embodiment, the openings 13, 13,... Are formed in a square having the same dimension, but may be formed in a rectangle, and are formed in different dimensions depending on the position. Also good.

  Since the configuration of the lattice material 10 according to the other second embodiment is the same as the contents shown in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The wooden members 20 are arranged in a checkered pattern (one by one) so as to be adjacent to the other wooden members 20 in an oblique direction with respect to the plurality of openings 13, 13,. 1). The arrangement of the wooden member 20 is not limited, but it is continuous with respect to the axial direction so that a compression strut can be formed when an external force such as an earthquake acts on the structural wall 1. It is desirable to adopt the arrangement described above.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the wooden member 20 is formed in the same square as the opening 13 ′ of the lattice material 10.
The wooden member 20 is formed by overlapping an even number (two in this embodiment) of the first wooden material 21 and an even number of (two in the present embodiment) second wooden material 22 in the wall thickness direction. Has been. The first wood material 21 and the second wood material 22 are wooden plate materials such as laminated wood and solid wood, and are formed in a square having the same shape as the opening 13 ′. The first wooden material 21 and the second wooden material 22 are fitted into the opening 13 ′ from the front and rear of the lattice material 10.

In the present embodiment, the two first wood materials 21 and 21 are arranged in front of and behind a vertical plane passing through the center in the wall thickness direction, and the first wood materials 21 and 21 are sandwiched between the second wood materials 22 and 22. Thus, the wooden member 20 is formed.
That is, as shown in FIG.4 (b), the 1st wooden materials 21 and 21 and the 2nd wooden materials 22 and 22 are each arrange | positioned so that it may become symmetrical on both sides of a wall thickness direction center.

  The first wood materials 21 and 21 are in contact with each other with the stiffening plate 15 interposed therebetween. The contact surfaces of the first wooden materials 21 and 21 coincide with a vertical surface passing through the center in the wall thickness direction. In addition, the 1st wooden material 21 and the 2nd wooden material 22 which comprise the wooden member 20 may be adhere | attached in each contact surface.

  In the present embodiment, the wood member 20 is formed by fitting the first wood material 21 and the second wood material 22 in an overlapping manner before or after the opening 13 '. In the present embodiment, plate materials having the same thickness are used as the first wooden materials 21 and 21 and the second wooden materials 22 and 22, but the front and rear first wooden materials 21 and the front and rear second wooden materials 22 are used. As long as they have the same thickness, the first wooden material 21 and the second wooden material 22 do not necessarily have the same thickness.

  On the inner side surface of the first wooden material 21 (the contact surface between the first wooden materials 21), recesses 21a, 21a,... Are formed at four corners corresponding to the position of the stiffening plate 15. Thereby, the 1st wooden materials 21 and 21 adhere mutually. The recess 21a may be formed as necessary, and is not necessarily formed.

  Since the configuration of the wooden member 20 according to the other second embodiment is the same as the contents shown in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

As mentioned above, according to the structure wall 1 of 2nd Embodiment, since the 1st wooden material 21 and the 2nd wooden material 22 are piled up symmetrically on both sides of the centerline of a wall thickness direction, The axial direction is formed at the center without shifting in the front-rear direction of the wall thickness.
This is because the first wooden materials 21 and 21 use the same thickness plate material, so that the eccentricity from the center of the wall thickness direction to the center of the thickness of the first wooden materials 21 and 21 disposed in the front and rear. The distance is the same, and the axial direction of the compression strut formed by the first wood materials 21 and 21 is not shifted in the front-rear direction of the wall thickness. Similarly, since the board material of the same thickness is used as the first wood materials 21 and the second wood materials 22, the plates of the second wood materials 22, 22 arranged in the front and back from the center in the wall thickness direction. The eccentric distance to the thickness center is the same, and the axial direction of the compression strut formed by the second wood members 22 and 22 is not shifted in the front-rear direction of the wall thickness.
Therefore, a high-quality structural wall is constructed that is excellent in power transmission performance with structures such as the beam column frame 4.

  Since the operational effects of the structural wall 1 of the other second embodiment are the same as the contents shown in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the above-described constituent elements can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the structural wall 1 may be employed as a wall of a newly built building or may be employed as a seismic wall of an existing building.

  Moreover, although each said embodiment demonstrated the case where a structural wall was built in a column beam frame, the installation location of a structural wall is not limited.

The direction of the fiber direction 23 is determined according to the formation direction of the compression strut, and does not necessarily have to be an oblique direction.
In the above-described embodiment, the fiber direction 23 is made to coincide with the axial direction of the compression strut as a direction strong against compression. However, a direction having higher rigidity and strength may be made to coincide with the axial direction of the compression strut.

The wood member 20 is not necessarily arranged in a checkered pattern, and may be set as appropriate.
The plate thickness and the number of installed wooden materials 21 and the second wooden material 22 are not limited, and may be set as appropriate.

  The stiffening plate 15 may be installed as necessary and may be omitted. Further, the stiffening plate 15 is not necessarily installed at the four corners of the opening 13.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structural wall 10 Lattice material 11 Longitudinal material 12 Lateral material 13 Opening part 15 Stiffening plate 20 Wood member 21 1st wood material 22 2nd wood material 23 Fiber direction

Claims (4)

A steel lattice material in which vertical and cross members are arranged at intervals to form a plurality of openings; and
A wooden member disposed so as to close at least one of the plurality of openings, and a structural wall comprising:
The wooden member is formed by overlapping a first wooden material and a second wooden material in the wall thickness direction, and is fitted into the opening so as not to bear a tensile force. To the structural wall.   The structural wall according to claim 1, wherein the fiber direction of the first wooden material and the fiber direction of the second wooden material intersect each other.   The structural wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first wood material and the second wood material are overlapped so as to be symmetrical with respect to a center in the wall thickness direction.   The structural wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lattice member is stiffened by a stiffening plate at a corner of the opening.

Images