JP2011239830A - Multipurpose phantom and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multipurpose phantom which can be used for multiple uses from diagnosing to treatment and can generally evaluating processes from diagnosing to treatment under the same geometric condition, and a using method of the multipurpose phantom.SOLUTION: A sealing lid 20 is capable of sealing a phantom container 12 in the state of sealing a plurality of attaching holes 26. To the attaching holes 26, an instrument corresponding to an intended use can be detachably attached. Also, on a substrate 30 for the instrument, which is attachable to the inner side of the sealing lid 20, a plurality of storage containers 40 storing a tissue equivalent material equivalent to human body tissue are attachable, and a through-hole 32 where the instrument that corresponds to the intended use and is attached to the sealing lid 20 passes through is provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a multipurpose phantom and a method of using the multipurpose phantom.

  Conventionally, users engaged in radiotherapy and radiodiagnosis have prepared phantoms according to their purposes in obtaining parameters required for radiotherapy and evaluating image quality using MRI, CT, PET, and the like. For example, in radiotherapy, a heterogeneous state in a patient's body is replaced with a homogeneous medium, and a radiation treatment distribution in the body is calculated to formulate a treatment plan. At this time, a CT image including a diseased part imaged in advance is used, and conversion into a homogeneous medium is performed using a CT value obtained from the CT image. Thus, in order to replace a heterogeneous medium with a homogeneous medium using a CT value obtained from a CT image, a “correlation table between electron density and CT value” of various substances assumed in a patient is required. . For this purpose, an electron density phantom is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Various substances (tissue equivalent substances) constituting the human body are enclosed in the electron density phantom. Examples of the tissue equivalent substance include muscle equivalent substance (water), lung equivalent substance (air), bone equivalent substance (dipotassium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution), lipid equivalent substance (ethanol), and the like. By measuring the CT value of each substance from the CT image of the electron density phantom and associating it with the electron density of the substance, a correlation table between the electron density and the CT value is created.

  In recent years, radiotherapy has become more sophisticated than conventional radiotherapy, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), tomotherapy, cyberknife, and particle beam therapy, and the series of treatment processes has become complicated. Therefore, a treatment plan is made by performing a wide variety of calculations using a treatment planning device or the like. Since this process is complicated and a part thereof is a black box, the user needs to comprehensively and physically evaluate a series of processes from diagnosis to treatment such as CT imaging.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-159357

  The above-described electron density phantom and JIS phantom (compliant with JIS Z4923 standard) for the purpose of image quality evaluation are already sold as products. However, since these phantoms are independent products, they cannot be physically and biologically evaluated under the same geometric conditions. That is, the phantom currently sold as a product is a phantom specialized for each application, and there is no phantom that covers everything from diagnosis to treatment. In addition, biological evaluation is indispensable for verification and evaluation of radiotherapy effects, but there is no phantom that realizes cell irradiation in a phantom for performing such biological evaluation.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for various purposes from diagnosis to treatment, and is capable of comprehensively evaluating the process from diagnosis to treatment under the same geometric conditions, and use of the multipurpose phantom The purpose is to obtain a method.

  The multipurpose phantom of the present invention is provided with a hermetically sealed container and a plurality of attachment holes to which a device according to the purpose of use can be detachably attached, and the plurality of attachment holes are hermetically sealed. A sealing lid capable of sealing the container and a plurality of storage containers storing tissue equivalent substances equivalent to human tissue can be attached, and can be attached to the inside of the sealing lid, and can be attached to the sealing lid. And an instrument substrate provided with a penetrating portion through which the instrument according to the attached purpose of use passes.

  As the plurality of storage containers, a lung equivalent substance storage container in which lung equivalent substances are stored, a bone equivalent substance storage container in which bone equivalent substances are stored, and a fat equivalent substance storage container in which fat equivalent substances are stored are used. it can. After each tissue equivalent substance is stored in these storage containers, the storage container is attached to the inside of the hermetic lid via the instrument substrate, and then the CT by CT imaging is performed while the hermetic container is sealed with the hermetic lid. Once the tomographic image is acquired, the CT tomographic image is taken into a computer (treatment planning device) used for the determination of the radiation irradiation position and the theoretical calculation of the radiation dose, thereby determining the radiation irradiation position in the sealed container, and It is possible to calculate the radiation dose at the irradiation position.

  Moreover, as a tool according to the purpose of use, a radiation measuring instrument that measures the radiation dose irradiated in the sealed container and a support that supports the sample container storing the sample irradiated with radiation can be used. For this reason, by attaching the radiation measuring instrument to the mounting hole of the hermetic lid, the radiation dose at the radiation irradiation position when the radiation is irradiated to the predetermined radiation irradiation position in the sealed container can be measured. In addition, in place of the radiation measuring instrument, a support for supporting the sample container storing the sample irradiated with radiation is attached to the mounting hole in which the radiation measuring instrument is attached, and the sample is positioned at the radiation irradiation position. By irradiating the sample with radiation, the biological effect can be evaluated.

  Further, a jig mounting substrate can be attached to the inside of the hermetic lid, and a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs can be attached to the jig mounting substrate. For this reason, a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs can be arranged at arbitrary positions of the sealed container.

  The method of using the multipurpose phantom of the present invention includes a hermetically sealed container and a plurality of mounting holes in which a device according to the purpose of use can be detachably attached, and the plurality of mounting holes are sealed. A closed lid capable of sealing the closed container, a lung equivalent substance storage container storing a lung equivalent substance, a bone equivalent substance storage container storing a bone equivalent substance, and a fat storing a fat equivalent substance A plurality of storage containers including an equivalent substance storage container, and a plurality of storage containers that can be attached, can be attached to the inside of the sealing lid, and an appliance according to the purpose of use attached to the sealing lid is provided. A multipurpose phantom including an instrument substrate provided with a penetrating portion therethrough, the lung equivalent substance storage container storing a lung equivalent substance, and the bone equivalent containing a bone equivalent substance The device substrate to which the fat storage container and the fat equivalent substance storage container storing the fat equivalent substance are attached is attached to the inside of the sealing lid, and the muscle equivalent substance is stored in the sealed container, and the sealed container The lung equivalent substance storage container in which the lung equivalent substance is stored, the bone equivalent substance storage container in which the bone equivalent substance is stored, and the fat equivalent substance storage container in which the fat equivalent substance is stored. A first step of obtaining a CT tomographic image by CT imaging in a state where the hermetically sealed container is sealed with the hermetic lid, and the CT tomographic image obtained in the first step is taken into a treatment planning apparatus, and the hermetically sealed A second step of determining a radiation irradiation position in the container and a radiation dose at the radiation irradiation position; attaching the radiation measuring instrument to the attachment hole of the sealing lid; In place of the radiation measuring instrument, the third step of measuring the radiation dose at the radiation irradiating position when irradiating the radiation irradiating position determined in step, and the mounting hole from which the radiation measuring instrument has been removed, A biological tool is evaluated by irradiating the cells with radiation in a state where the cells are positioned at the radiation irradiation position by attaching a support tool that supports a cell storage container in which cells irradiated with radiation are stored. And a fourth step.

  That is, in the first step, a lung equivalent substance storage container storing a lung equivalent substance, a bone equivalent substance storage container storing a bone equivalent substance, and a fat equivalent substance storage container storing a fat equivalent substance are attached. The instrument substrate is attached to the inside of the hermetic lid, the muscle equivalent material is stored in the hermetic container, and the lung equivalent material storage container in which the lung equivalent material is stored and the bone equivalent material are stored in the muscle equivalent material in the hermetic container. CT tomographic images obtained by CT imaging are acquired in a state where the bone equivalent substance storage container and the fat equivalent substance storage container storing the fat equivalent substance are immersed and the sealed container is sealed with a sealing lid. In the second step, the CT tomographic image acquired in the first step is taken into the treatment planning apparatus, and the radiation irradiation position in the sealed container and the radiation dose at the radiation irradiation position are determined. In the third step, a radiation measuring instrument is attached to the mounting hole of the sealing lid, and the radiation dose at the radiation irradiation position when the radiation irradiation position determined in the second step is irradiated is measured. In the fourth step, in place of the radiation measuring instrument, a support that supports a cell storage container storing cells irradiated with radiation is attached to the mounting hole from which the radiation measuring instrument has been removed, and the cells are placed at the radiation irradiation position. Biological effects are assessed by irradiating the cells with radiation in the positioned state. As described above, the multipurpose phantom is used for various purposes from diagnosis to treatment.

  The multipurpose phantom can be used by attaching a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs to the multipurpose phantom, a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs, and a jig attachment board that can be attached to the inside of the sealing lid. A coordinate system possessed by the CT imaging apparatus in a state in which the jig mounting substrate on which the plurality of coordinate checking jigs are mounted is attached to the inside of the hermetic lid, and the opening of the hermetic container is closed by the hermetic lid The multi-purpose phantom is set up based on the fifth step of acquiring a CT tomographic image by CT imaging, and the CT tomographic image acquired in the fifth step is taken into the treatment planning apparatus, and the treatment planning apparatus A sixth step of confirming the coincidence of the coordinate system possessed with the coordinate system possessed by the CT imaging apparatus, and the position of the radiation irradiation position calculated by the treatment planning apparatus; When the seventh step of checking the actual irradiation field to perform irradiation (treatment room, etc.) match the coordinate system having, it may further include a.

  That is, in the fifth step, the coordinate system possessed by the CT imaging apparatus is installed in a state in which a jig mounting substrate on which a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs are mounted is attached to the inside of the hermetic lid, and the opening of the hermetic container is closed with the hermetic lid. Based on the above, the multi-purpose phantom is set up and a CT tomographic image obtained by CT imaging is acquired. In the sixth step, the CT tomographic image acquired in the fifth step is taken into the treatment planning apparatus, and the coincidence between the coordinate system of the treatment planning apparatus and the coordinate system of the CT imaging apparatus is confirmed. In the seventh step, the coordinates of the radiation irradiation position calculated by the treatment planning device and the coordinate system of the treatment room or the like that actually irradiates the radiation are confirmed. Thereby, the position coordinates of a series of processes from the CT imaging apparatus corresponding to the diagnosis to the radiation irradiation field (treatment room or the like) corresponding to the treatment are confirmed.

  As described above, according to the multipurpose phantom and the method of using the multipurpose phantom of the present invention, it can be used for various purposes from diagnosis to treatment, and the process from diagnosis to treatment can be performed under the same geometric condition. It has an excellent effect of enabling comprehensive evaluation.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows schematic structure of the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the sealing lid | cover of the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the board | substrate for instruments of the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention in the state in which the storage container was attached. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view (a sectional view taken along line 4A-4A in FIG. 4B). FIG. 4B is a plan view. It is a figure which shows the radiation measuring instrument jig of the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5A is a plan view (a view in the direction of arrow 5A in FIG. 5B). FIG. 5B is a vertical cross-sectional view (a cross-sectional view taken along line 5B-5B in FIG. 5A). It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the radiation measuring device was attached to the sealing lid of the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the support state of the container for cell storage by the irradiation jig of the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state by which the instrument etc. were attached to the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 8A shows a state where a storage container, a radiation measuring instrument, and the like are attached. FIG. 8B shows a state where the storage container and the irradiation jig are attached. It is a figure which shows the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention in the state in which the jig | tool for coordinate confirmation was attached. FIG. 9A is a longitudinal sectional view (a sectional view taken along line 9A-9A in FIG. 9B). FIG. 9B is a plan view. It is a top view which shows the board | substrate for jig attachment of the multipurpose phantom which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 10 is an imaging image diagram when the coordinate confirmation jig of FIG. 9 is X-rayed. FIG. 11A is a view taken from the side. FIG. 11B is a diagram in the case of shooting from the lower side of FIG.

  A multipurpose phantom and a method of using the multipurpose phantom according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(Composition of multipurpose phantom)
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a multipurpose phantom. In FIG. 1, some of the details are simplified or omitted. FIG. 4 shows the multipurpose phantom with the storage container attached. FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view (sectional view taken along line 4A-4A in FIG. 4B), FIG. 4B is a plan view. Note that the constituent elements indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 4A are constituent elements disposed on the near side of the cut surface in FIG.

  As shown in these drawings, the multipurpose phantom 10 includes a phantom container 12 as a hermetically sealed container. The phantom container 12 is made of, for example, a transparent plastic (acrylic resin in the present embodiment) having a high radiation transmittance, and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom. When the multipurpose phantom 10 is used as, for example, an electron density phantom, the phantom container 12 is filled with water, which is an equivalent substance of muscle (muscle equivalent substance) constituting the human body.

  The phantom container 12 is formed with a flange portion 16 extending from the opening 14 to the outside of the opening. An O-ring mounting groove 16 </ b> A is formed on the upper surface of the flange portion 16, and the O-ring mounting groove 16 </ b> A is formed in an annular shape along the outer periphery of the flange portion 16. An O-ring 18 (rubber packing, which is an element grasped as “sealing means” in a broad sense) is fitted into and attached to the O-ring mounting groove 16A.

  The sealing lid 20 for sealing the phantom container 12 is formed in a substantially disk shape as a whole, and the outer peripheral end of the sealing lid 20 is the flange portion 16 of the phantom container 12 as shown in FIG. Are fixed by bolts 22A and nuts 22B. In addition, even if some deformation | transformation (what is called a warp) arises in the phantom container 12 and the sealing lid 20 by employ | adopting the structure which arrange | positions the O-ring 18 between the flange part 16 and the sealing lid 20 of the phantom container 12. When the sealing lid 20 is closed, the O-ring 18 does not hinder the closing performance, and there is almost no influence on the ease of closing the sealing lid 20.

  A bubble collecting case portion 24 is formed at a predetermined portion on the outer surface of the sealing lid 20 on the outer peripheral end portion side, and the inner chamber 24A of the bubble collecting case portion 24 is in a state where the phantom container 12 is sealed with the sealing lid 20. The main body chamber 12 </ b> A of the phantom container 12 is communicated. Thereby, it is possible to collect bubbles generated in the phantom container 12 in the inner chamber 24 </ b> A of the bubble collection case 24.

  FIG. 2 shows the sealing lid 20 in a plan view. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality (five in the present embodiment) of mounting holes 26 are formed in the central portion of the sealing lid 20 (through the plate thickness direction). These mounting holes 26 are formed as tapped screw holes, and a female screw portion 26 </ b> A (see FIG. 1) is formed on the inner surface of the mounting hole 26. An instrument according to the purpose of use can be detachably attached to the attachment hole 26 by the female screw portion 26A. The instrument according to the purpose of use includes a radiation measuring instrument 42 (see FIG. 8A), which will be described in detail later, and an irradiation jig 52 (see FIG. 8B) as a support. As shown in FIG. 6, a counterbore 26 </ b> B is formed in the attachment hole 26 on the outer surface side (upper side in the drawing) of the sealing lid 20.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, when an appliance according to the purpose of use is not attached to the attachment hole 26, a male screw portion 25 </ b> A (see FIG. 1) of the attachment hole sealing screw cap (jig) 25 is attached. It is screwed into the female screw portion 26A (see FIG. 1) of the hole 26. Here, an O-ring 25C as a sealing material is disposed near the head portion 25B around the shaft portion of the screw cap 25 shown in FIG. 1, and the male screw portion 25A of the screw cap 25 is the female screw of the mounting hole 26. The attachment hole 26 is sealed by being screwed to the portion 26A. By sealing the attachment holes 26, the phantom container 12 can be sealed with the plurality of attachment holes 26 sealed with the sealing lid 20.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, a plurality of nuts 28A are embedded and fixed inside (inner surface side) of the sealing lid 20, and an instrument substrate (apparatus bracket) 30 is attached by bolts 28B. It is possible. That is, the bolt 28B penetrating the bolt insertion hole 30A of the instrument substrate 30 shown in FIG. 1 is inserted into the washer 28C and screwed into the nut 28A, so that the instrument substrate 30 is placed on the inner surface side of the sealing lid 20. It is configured to be attached. Instead of the nut 28A, a screw hole portion may be directly formed on the inner side (inner surface side) of the sealing lid 20.

  FIG. 3 shows the instrument substrate 30 in a plan view. As shown in FIG. 3, the instrument substrate 30 has a substantially disk shape, and a cross-shaped (cross-shaped) through hole 32 is formed on the center side. In the present embodiment, as an example, the cross-shaped through hole 32 is formed on the center side, but the processing position and the shape of the through hole (through portion) may be other shapes. As shown in FIG. 4B, the through hole 32 is formed in a region corresponding to the positions of the plurality of mounting holes 26 of the sealing lid 20. As a result, an instrument attached to the sealing lid 20 according to the purpose of use passes through the through hole 32.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the instrument substrate 30 has a plurality of installation holes 34 formed at equal intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions of almost the entire area excluding the through holes 32. As shown in FIG. 1, the installation hole 34 is a bolt insertion hole, and a plurality of storage containers 40 can be attached to target positions of the instrument substrate 30 by the bolts 36. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, the storage container 40 is composed of a container part 140 and a cap part 240, a screw hole part is formed in the cap part 240, and the bolt 36 is installed on the instrument substrate 30. The storage container 40 is attached to the instrument substrate 30 if it passes through the hole 34 and is screwed into the female screw portion of the screw hole of the storage container 40.

  When the multipurpose phantom 10 is used as an electron density phantom, a tissue equivalent material (CT value measurement sample) equivalent to a human tissue is stored in the storage container 40. Examples of tissue equivalent substances include lung equivalent substances (eg, air), bone equivalent substances (eg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution), lipid equivalent substances (eg, ethanol), and the like. As shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of storage containers 40 described above include a lung equivalent substance storage container 40A for storing a lung equivalent substance, a bone equivalent substance storage container 40B for storing a bone equivalent substance, and a fat equivalent substance. The fat equivalent substance storage container 40 </ b> C in which is stored.

  On the other hand, FIG. 8A shows a state in which the radiation measuring instrument 42 and the like are attached to the multipurpose phantom 10 in a cross-sectional view cut at the same position as in FIG. The radiation measuring instrument 42 shown in FIG. 8A is a measuring instrument that measures the amount of radiation irradiated into the phantom container 12, and is attached to the mounting hole 26 of the sealing lid 20 via the radiation measuring instrument jig 44. It is done. FIG. 5 shows a radiation measuring instrument jig 44. FIG. 5 (A) is a plan view, and FIG. 5 (B) is a longitudinal sectional view (a sectional view taken along line 5B-5B in FIG. 5 (A)). It is.

  As shown in these drawings, the radiation measuring instrument jig 44 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having a through hole 46 and is inserted into the mounting hole 26 of the sealing lid 20 as shown in FIG. 5 (B). And an insertion portion 44A to be attached. A male screw portion 144A that can be screwed into the female screw portion 26A of the mounting hole 26 of the sealing lid 20 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 44A. The insertion portion 44 </ b> A of the radiation measuring instrument jig 44 is attached to the attachment hole 26 of the sealing lid 20.

  Further, an enlarged diameter portion 44B is provided on one end side in the axial direction of the insertion portion 44A of the radiation measuring instrument jig 44. The enlarged diameter portion 44B is formed to have a larger outer diameter than the insertion portion 44A, and is disposed on the opposite side of the sealing lid 20 from the phantom container 12 (see FIG. 8A) side. An annular O-ring attachment groove 44C is formed in a plan view at the boundary between the enlarged diameter portion 44B and the insertion portion 44A, and an O-ring 48A is attached to the O-ring attachment groove 44C.

  The enlarged diameter portion 44B is formed with a counterbore hole 46A that constitutes one end side of the through hole 46 on the side opposite to the insertion portion 44A side. An O-ring mounting groove 46Z is formed in a radially outer portion of the bottom surface of the counterbore hole 46A, and an O-ring 48B is mounted in the O-ring mounting groove 46Z. A female threaded portion 146A is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the counterbore 46A, and is used for mounting the radiation measuring instrument 42 (see FIG. 6).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the radiation measuring instrument 42 is provided with an ionization chamber 42A in an elongated main body, an attachment portion 42B adjacent to the ionization chamber 42A, and an ionization chamber 42A with respect to the attachment portion 42B. On the opposite side, a rod-like insertion portion 42C having a smaller diameter than the attachment portion 42B and inserted into the phantom container 12 (see FIG. 8A) from the through hole 46 of the radiation measuring instrument jig 44 is provided. A male screw portion 142B is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the attachment portion 42B, and the male screw portion 142B can be screwed into the female screw portion 146A of the radiation measuring instrument jig 44.

  As described above, as shown in FIG. 8A, the radiation measuring instrument 42 can be arranged in the phantom container 12 by the radiation measuring instrument jig 44. As a result, the radiation measuring instrument 42 measures the radiation dose at the irradiation position determined on the software (treatment planning computer) that performs the theoretical calculation of the radiation dose based on the CT tomographic image obtained by CT tomographic imaging. Can be confirmed. In other words, the multipurpose phantom 10 can be used as a phantom capable of verifying the calculation result of the software (treatment planning computer) that performs the theoretical calculation of the radiation dose by actual measurement by the radiation measuring instrument 42, which will be described later. It is a phantom that can accurately determine the radiation dose at the time.

  Further, FIG. 8B shows a cross-sectional view in which the irradiation jig 52 and the like are attached to the multipurpose phantom 10 at a position similar to FIG. 8A. As shown in FIG. 8B, a cell storage container 50 as a sample container is attached to one of the attachment holes 26 of the sealing lid 20 via an irradiation jig 52. The cell storage container 50 includes a container unit 150 and a cap unit 250, and cells (biological samples) as samples to be irradiated with radiation are stored in the container unit 150 of the cell storage container 50. In this embodiment, the cell storage container 50 storing cells is attached to the mounting hole 26 of the sealing lid 20 via the irradiation jig 52. However, a sample container having the same structure as the cell storage container 50 may be a compound or A chemical sample such as a reagent and a material such as an X-ray film may be accommodated in the attachment hole 26 of the sealing lid 20 via the irradiation jig 52.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the irradiation jig 52 supports the cell storage container 50. As shown in FIG. 7, the irradiation jig 52 includes a short columnar head portion 54 and a mounting portion 56 that is coaxially and integrally extended from one axial end side of the head portion 54. The attachment portion 56 is formed in a short cylindrical shape having a smaller diameter than the head portion 54, and is inserted and attached to the attachment hole 26 of the sealing lid 20, as shown in FIG. On the outer peripheral surface of the attachment portion 56, a male screw portion 56A that can be screwed into the female screw portion 26A (see FIG. 6) of the attachment hole 26 is formed. The male jig portion 56A is screwed into the female screw portion 26A (see FIG. 6) of the attachment hole 26, so that the irradiation jig 52 is attached to the attachment hole 26 of the sealing lid 20. It is preferable that a seal member (O-ring) is provided at the boundary between the attachment portion 56 and the head portion 54.

  Further, in the irradiation jig 52, a support body 58 capable of sandwiching the cell storage container 50 is integrally provided in the attachment portion 56, and the irradiation jig 52 is attached to the attachment hole 26 of the sealing lid 20. Then, the support body 58 is arranged in the phantom container 12. As shown in FIG. 7, the support body 58 has flexibility, and a plurality of support tool bodies 58 are extended so that a portion other than the base end portion 58A side (attachment portion 56 side) branches toward the tip end portion 58B side. The cap portion 250 of the cell storage container 50 can be held by the branched tip portion 58B. In this embodiment, acrylic is applied as a material (material) constituting the support tool body 58. However, as a material (material) constituting the support body 58, other synthetic resin materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene and metals may be applied instead of acrylic.

  An O-ring 60 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the support tool main body 58, and the inner diameter of the O-ring 60 is set to be slightly larger than the base end portion 58 </ b> A side of the support tool main body 58. The O-ring 60 is arranged in the longitudinal intermediate portion (between the base end portion 58A and the distal end portion 58B) of the support tool main body 58 in a state where the distal end portion 58B of the support tool main body 58 holds the cell storage container 50. Thus, it functions as a stopper (fixing tool) that suppresses the bending deformation of the tip 58B of the support body 58. Instead of the O-ring 60, another stopper (fixing tool) such as a wire or a rubber band may be applied.

  As described above, as shown in FIG. 8B, the cell storage container 50 can be supported by the irradiation jig 52 and can be arranged in the phantom container 12 through the irradiation jig 52. In other words, the multipurpose phantom 10 can be used as a phantom that realizes cell irradiation in the phantom container 12. In addition, the cell irradiation in the phantom container 12 is irradiation for performing biological evaluation. Biological evaluation is indispensable for verification and evaluation of the effects of radiation therapy.

  On the other hand, FIG. 9 shows a state where a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs 70 are attached to the sealing lid 20 via a jig attachment board (jig attachment bracket) 64. 9A is a vertical cross-sectional view (a cross-sectional view taken along line 9A-9A in FIG. 9B), and FIG. 9B is a plan view.

  As shown in FIG. 9, a jig mounting substrate 64 can be attached to the inner side (inner surface side) of the sealing lid 20 by a bolt 28D. That is, the bolt 28D that passes through the bolt insertion hole 64A (see FIG. 10) of the jig mounting board 64 is inserted into the washer 28E and screwed into the weld nut 28A (internal thread portion), whereby the inner surface of the sealing lid 20 The jig mounting substrate 64 is attached to the side.

  FIG. 10 shows the jig mounting substrate 64 in a plan view. As shown in FIG. 10, the jig mounting substrate 64 has a substantially disk shape, and a plurality of installation holes 66 are formed so as to penetrate almost the entire region and are arranged radially.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, the installation hole 66 is a bolt insertion hole, and a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs 70 can be attached to the jig attachment board 64 by the bolts 68. That is, the coordinate checking jig 70 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a screw hole portion 70A is formed at the bottom thereof (a portion on the side attached to the jig mounting substrate 64), and the bolt 68 is installed in the mounting hole of the jig mounting substrate 64. The coordinate confirmation jig 70 is attached to the jig attachment substrate 64 by being threaded into the female screw portion 70A of the screw hole portion 70A of the coordinate confirmation jig 70.

  The coordinate confirmation jig 70 confirms all coordinate systems such as a CT imaging device (diagnostic device), a treatment planning device (a treatment planning computer that performs a theoretical calculation of radiation dose), and a treatment room (an actual irradiation field). It is a jig to do. The coordinate checking jig 70 is made of acrylic in this embodiment, is set to various heights, and a metal ball 72 for position checking is attached to the top (projecting tip in the attached state). The material (material) constituting the coordinate confirmation jig 70 may be other synthetic resin materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene, silicon, wood, metal and the like instead of acrylic. Further, instead of the metal spheres 72, small spheres made of high-density resin may be applied.

  11A and 11B are imaging images when the coordinate confirmation jig 70 is X-rayed, and FIG. 11A shows a state taken from the side, and FIG. 11B is a lower side of FIG. 9A. The state taken from is shown. As shown in FIG. 11, when the coordinate confirmation jig 70 is X-rayed, a metal ball 72 is displayed on the image. The coordinates of these metal spheres 72 are read by a CT imaging device, a treatment planning device, an imaging device in a treatment room, and the like, thereby confirming each coordinate system.

(How to use the multipurpose phantom)
The radiotherapy system includes a CT imaging apparatus for imaging CT tomographic images, a radiotherapy apparatus for irradiating and treating a treatment part of a subject (patient), and a treatment such as an irradiation position and an irradiation dose. It is configured by combining a treatment planning device composed of a computer for making a plan.

  Hereinafter, a method of using the multipurpose phantom 10 when verifying the geometric position accuracy of the radiation therapy apparatus using the multipurpose phantom 10 of the present embodiment will be described.

  First, after attaching a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs 70 shown in FIG. 9 to the jig attachment substrate 64, the jig attachment substrate 64 attached with the plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs 70 is attached to the inner surface side of the sealing lid 20. . Next, the opening portion of the phantom container 12 is opened by the sealing lid 20 to which the plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs 70 and the jig attachment substrate 64 are attached so that the plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs 70 are accommodated in the phantom container 12. 14 is closed. In this way, the phantom container 12 is assembled as a coordinate confirmation phantom in which a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs 70 are housed.

  Set the coordinate confirmation phantom (multipurpose phantom 10) assembled as described above on the bed table of the CT imaging apparatus, and perform CT imaging while scanning the multipurpose phantom 10 in the same procedure as the procedure for radiation therapy planning. CT tomographic images are acquired. Next, the acquired CT tomographic image is taken into the treatment planning apparatus, the CT tomographic image is displayed, and the coordinates of the metal sphere 72 on the treatment planning apparatus are acquired by plotting with a mouse or the like. By comparing the obtained coordinates on the treatment planning device with the geometric coordinates of the metal sphere 72 in the actual phantom container 12, the agreement between the two is confirmed (that is, the coordinate system of the treatment planning device and Confirm the coincidence of the coordinate system of the CT imaging device). After confirming the agreement between the two, a treatment plan is drawn up.

  The planned treatment plan data is transferred to the radiotherapy device, and the same image as the treatment plan image is used using the treatment positioning device while photographing the coordinate confirmation phantom (multipurpose phantom) 10 by the X-ray imaging device installed in the treatment room. The coordinate confirming phantom (multipurpose phantom) 10 is moved so as to be in a position where an image can be obtained, and positioning is performed. The geometric position of the radiation treatment system can be confirmed by collating the X-ray image obtained in the positioning state with the treatment plan image. Thereby, the coincidence between the coordinates of the radiation irradiation position calculated by the treatment planning apparatus and the coordinate system of the radiation irradiation field that actually executes the radiation irradiation is confirmed. If the X-ray image and the treatment plan image are misaligned as a result of the collation, the radiotherapy system is calibrated so that the X-ray image and the treatment plan image match.

  Next, a method of using the multipurpose phantom 10 when performing biological evaluation of a radiation irradiation site using the multipurpose phantom 10 of the present embodiment will be described.

  In this case, first, as shown in FIG. 4A, a lung equivalent substance storage container 40A containing a lung equivalent substance (for example, air), a bone equivalent substance (for example, a dipotassium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution). A bone equivalent substance storage container 40B containing fat and a fat equivalent substance storage container 40C containing a fat equivalent substance (for example, ethanol) are attached to the instrument substrate 30, and a lung equivalent substance storage container 40A, a bone equivalent substance storage container The instrument substrate 30 to which the 40B and the fat equivalent substance storage container 40C are attached is attached to the inside of the sealing lid 20.

  On the other hand, the phantom container 12 stores a muscle equivalent substance (for example, water). Subsequently, the lung equivalent substance storage container 40A containing the lung equivalent substance, the bone equivalent substance storage container 40B containing the bone equivalent substance, and the fat containing the fat equivalent substance stored in the muscle equivalent substance in the phantom container 12 The opening 14 of the phantom container 12 is closed with the sealing lid 20 so that the equivalent substance storage container 40C is immersed, and a plurality of bolts 22A are screwed into the nuts 22B to seal the phantom container 12 with the sealing lid 20. Assemble it as a phantom for confirming biological effects. Note that a screw cap 25 for sealing the mounting hole is attached to the mounting hole 26 formed in the sealing lid 20, and all the mounting holes 26 are sealed.

  Similar to the above method of use, a biological effect confirmation phantom (multipurpose phantom 10) is set on the bed table of the CT imaging apparatus, and the procedure for confirming the biological effect is performed in the same procedure as the radiation treatment plan. CT scanning is performed while a phantom (multipurpose phantom) 10 is scanned, and a CT tomographic image is acquired. Next, the acquired CT tomographic image is taken into the treatment planning apparatus, and based on the CT tomographic image, the radiation irradiation position for irradiating the radiation in the phantom container 12 of the phantom 10 is determined, and the radiation dose at the irradiation position is determined. Is calculated (treatment planning).

  Next, with respect to the multipurpose phantom 10, one of the screw caps 25 for sealing the mounting hole corresponding to the radiation irradiation position is removed, and the mounting hole 26 of the sealing lid 20 is removed from the screw cap 25 for sealing the mounting hole. As shown in FIG. 8 (A), the radiation measuring instrument 42 is attached using the radiation measuring instrument jig 44, and set so that the radiation measuring part coincides with the radiation irradiation position determined as described above. Then, the multipurpose phantom 10 to which the radiation measuring instrument 42 is attached is set in the radiation therapy apparatus using an X-ray imaging apparatus installed in the treatment room.

  On the other hand, the treatment plan data prepared by the treatment plan apparatus is transferred to the radiation treatment apparatus, and the multipurpose phantom 10 to which the radiation measuring instrument 42 is attached is imaged by the X-ray imaging apparatus installed in the treatment room, and the treatment positioning apparatus. The multipurpose phantom 10 is moved and positioned so that the radiation irradiation position of the multipurpose phantom 10 becomes the radiation irradiation position. Then, the irradiated multipurpose phantom 10 is irradiated with radiation, the radiation dose at the radiation irradiation position when the radiation irradiation position is irradiated with the radiation is measured by the radiation measuring instrument 42, and the calculated value in the treatment planning apparatus Compare.

  After measuring the radiation dose, the multipurpose phantom 10 is lowered from the radiation therapy apparatus, the radiation measuring instrument 42 is removed, and the mounting hole 26 in which the radiation measuring instrument 42 is attached is replaced with the radiation measuring instrument 42 in FIG. As shown in B), an irradiation jig 52 that supports a cell storage container 50 that stores cells irradiated with radiation is attached. When attaching the irradiation jig 52, it attaches so that the cell accommodated in the cell storage container 50 may be located in the radiation irradiation position determined as mentioned above. Then, the multipurpose phantom 10 in which the cell storage container 50 storing the cells is supported is set in the radiation therapy apparatus.

  Next, by using the treatment plan data used when measuring the radiation dose, the multipurpose phantom 10 in which the cell storage container 50 storing the cells is supported by the X-ray imaging apparatus installed in the treatment room is used. While taking an image, the cells are moved to a position where radiation can be applied to the cells in the multipurpose phantom 10 using the therapeutic positioning device, and positioning is performed. Then, the cells in the positioned multipurpose phantom 10 are irradiated with radiation, and the biological effect is evaluated using the cells irradiated with the radiation.

  As described above, according to the multipurpose phantom 10 and the method for using the multipurpose phantom according to the present embodiment, the multipurpose phantom can be used for various purposes from diagnosis to treatment, and the process from diagnosis to treatment can be performed in the same geometrical manner. It becomes possible to evaluate comprehensively under conditions.

  In the above embodiment, the example in which the mounting hole 26 of the sealing lid 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a circular screw hole has been described. However, the mounting hole is a triangle or a square instead of the circular screw hole. (Trapezoids, etc.), other polygonal holes, etc. may be used, and the devices inserted in these holes are attached by pinning, locking, fixing with adhesives, etc. May be.

  In the above embodiment, the radiation measuring instrument jig 44 shown in FIG. 5 has a circular shape (substantially cylindrical shape) in plan view, but the radiation measuring instrument jig has a quadrangular shape (in a plan view). It may be replaced with various shapes such as a rectangle or a trapezoid) or other polygons.

10 Multipurpose phantom 12 Phantom container (sealed container)
20 Sealing lid 26 Mounting hole 30 Instrument substrate 32 Through hole (through part)
40 Storage Container 40A Lung Equivalent Substance Storage Container 40B Bone Equivalent Substance Storage Container 40C Fat Equivalent Substance Storage Container 42 Radiation Measuring Instrument (Equipment according to purpose of use)
50 Cell storage container (sample container)
52 Irradiation jig (support (equipment according to the purpose of use))
64 Jig mounting board 70 Coordinate confirmation jig

Claims (6)

A hermetically sealed container,
A plurality of mounting holes to which a tool according to the purpose of use can be detachably attached, and a sealing lid capable of sealing the sealed container in a state in which the plurality of mounting holes are sealed;
A plurality of storage containers for storing tissue equivalent substances equivalent to human tissue can be attached, and can be attached to the inside of the hermetic lid, and an instrument according to the purpose of use attached to the hermetic lid penetrates. An instrument substrate provided with a penetrating part to be
Multipurpose phantom including.   A plurality of storage containers including a lung equivalent substance storage container storing a lung equivalent substance, a bone equivalent substance storage container storing a bone equivalent substance, and a fat equivalent substance storage container storing a fat equivalent substance. Item 3. The multipurpose phantom according to item 1. Multiple coordinate checking jigs;
A plurality of jigs for coordinate confirmation that can be attached, and a jig attachment board that can be attached to the inside of the sealing lid;
The multipurpose phantom according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:   The instrument according to the purpose of use is a radiation measuring instrument that measures the amount of radiation irradiated in the sealed container, and a support that supports a sample container containing a sample irradiated with radiation. Item 4. The multipurpose phantom according to any one of items 3 to 3. A hermetically sealed container,
A plurality of mounting holes to which a tool according to the purpose of use can be detachably attached, and a sealing lid capable of sealing the sealed container in a state in which the plurality of mounting holes are sealed;
A plurality of storage containers including a lung equivalent substance storage container storing a lung equivalent substance, a bone equivalent substance storage container storing a bone equivalent substance, and a fat equivalent substance storage container storing a fat equivalent substance;
An instrument substrate on which the plurality of storage containers can be attached, can be attached to the inside of the sealing lid, and is provided with a penetrating portion through which the instrument according to the purpose of use attached to the sealing lid passes. ,
A multi-purpose phantom including
The device substrate on which the lung equivalent substance storage container storing the lung equivalent substance, the bone equivalent substance storage container storing the bone equivalent substance, and the fat equivalent substance storage container storing the fat equivalent substance are attached. Is attached to the inside of the hermetic lid, the muscle equivalent material is stored in the sealed container, and the lung equivalent material storage container in which the lung equivalent material is stored in the muscle equivalent material in the sealed container. First, a CT tomographic image obtained by CT imaging is obtained in a state where the bone equivalent substance storage container and the fat equivalent substance storage container in which fat equivalent substance is stored are immersed and the sealed container is sealed with the sealing lid. Steps,
A second step of capturing the CT tomographic image acquired in the first step into a treatment planning apparatus, and determining a radiation irradiation position in the sealed container and a radiation dose at the radiation irradiation position;
A third step of attaching the radiation measuring instrument to the mounting hole of the sealing lid and measuring a radiation dose at the radiation irradiation position when the radiation irradiation position determined in the second step is irradiated;
In place of the radiation measuring instrument, a support that supports a cell storage container storing cells irradiated with radiation is attached to the mounting hole from which the radiation measuring instrument has been removed, and the cells are placed at the radiation irradiation position. A fourth step of evaluating the biological effect by irradiating the cells with radiation in a positioned state;
How to use a multipurpose phantom including The multi-purpose phantom is provided with a plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs, and a jig attachment substrate to which the plurality of coordinate confirmation jigs can be attached and attached to the inside of the sealing lid,
Based on the coordinate system of the CT imaging apparatus, the jig mounting substrate on which the plurality of coordinate checking jigs are attached is attached to the inside of the sealing lid, and the opening of the sealing container is closed with the sealing lid. A fifth step of setting up the multi-purpose phantom and acquiring a CT tomographic image by CT imaging;
A sixth step of capturing the CT tomographic image acquired in the fifth step into the treatment planning apparatus, and confirming a match between the coordinate system of the treatment planning apparatus and the coordinate system of the CT imaging apparatus;
A seventh step of confirming the coincidence of the coordinates of the radiation irradiation position calculated by the treatment planning device and the coordinate system of the radiation irradiation field for actually executing the radiation irradiation;
The use method of the multipurpose phantom of Claim 5 which further contains these.

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