JP2011226084A - Sea-bottom boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sea-bottom-seating type sea-bottom boring machine 1 which can efficiently collect a sea-bottom deposit layer M sample and a sea-bottom bed rock layer N sample.SOLUTION: The sea-bottom boring machine 1 includes a drill head 3 liftably arranged through a lifting mechanism 5, a rod for rotary excavation 21 having a bit for circularly drilling the ground at its tip, connection rods 22 that is sequentially connected to the rod for rotary excavation 21, and a house 20 that houses the connection rods 22. The sea-bottom boring machine 1 is so configured that the lifting mechanism 5 is provided with a switching mechanism 7, and the switching mechanism 7 is provided with the drill head 3 and a vibration device 2, a rod for vibration drilling 23 that is attachable/detachable to/from the vibration device 2 is included, and the switching mechanism 7 performs switching the position of the drill head 3 and the position of the vibration device 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a submarine seating type submarine boring machine used for geological surveys of submarine ground.

  When conducting a geological survey of the seabed ground, a seabed seated excavator (hereinafter referred to as a boring machine) is used (for example, see Patent Document 1). FIG. 8 shows a conventional submarine boring machine 1X. The boring machine 1X includes a main body formed of a frame (hereinafter referred to as a frame 4), a drill head 3 installed so as to be movable up and down via an elevating mechanism (hereinafter referred to as an elevator 5), and excavating the ground at the tip in an annular shape. A rotary excavating rod 21X having a bit to be connected, a connecting rod 22X sequentially connected to the rotary excavating rod 21X, and a storage portion (hereinafter referred to as a magazine 20X) for storing the connecting rod 22X.

  Further, a hydraulic power device 8 is provided for supplying power for raising and lowering the elevator 5 and rotating the drill head 3. Furthermore, it has the leg 13 which supports the boring machine 1X with respect to the seabed. The magazine 20X is configured to accommodate the rotary excavation rod 21X and the connecting rod 22X.

  Next, the operation of this boring machine 1X will be described. First, the seabed sedimentary layer is excavated with the rotary excavation rod 21X, and excavation is continued while sequentially connecting the connecting rods 22X until reaching the rock. After the rotary excavation rod 21X reaches the bedrock, excavation proceeds while the rock excavation rod 21X collects the rock sample (core). Finally, the rock excavation rod 21X collects a rock sample, and the sampling is completed. Note that the rotary excavation rod 21X only excavates in the deposited layer, and the core cannot be recovered as will be described later.

  With this configuration, the entire apparatus can be configured more compactly than in the case where a boring machine is installed on a ship for boring. That is, there is no need to connect a connecting rod of, for example, 3000 m or more from the sea to the sea floor.

  In addition, there is a wireline core sampling device in which an inner tube for collecting a rock core is disposed inside a rotary excavation rod, and a double-pipe structure realizes efficient core collection (for example, a patent) Reference 2). With this configuration, it is possible to continuously collect the core of the submarine rock layer by exchanging only the inner tube without taking in and out the rotary excavation rod and the connecting rod. By combining the above two devices, it is possible to efficiently drill the seabed rock layer.

  However, the above-described rotary excavation boring machine for sampling the hard rock layer has a problem that it cannot sample the seabed sedimentary layer. The reason why the seabed sediment layer cannot be sampled is that the sedimentary layer is agitated by the operation of the rotary excavation rod and the state of the sample is changed. That is, it is impossible to accurately grasp the state of the seabed sediment layer from the sample.

  Second, it is because a sample of a sedimentary layer that is relatively soft compared to a rock layer cannot be collected by being retained in a rotary excavation rod or inner tube. In other words, the rock excavation rod and inner tube do not have a structure like a lid that closes the tip. Although not considered in the past, there has been a demand for collecting a sample of the deposited layer from an academic point of view.

JP 2006-83552 A Japanese Patent No. 3803338

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to efficiently collect a sample of a submarine sediment layer and a sample of a submarine bedrock layer in a submarine seating type submarine boring machine. It is to provide a submarine boring machine that can do this. It is another object of the present invention to provide a submarine boring machine capable of continuously collecting samples of the submarine sediment layer and the submarine rock layer in one operation without lifting the boring machine onto a work boat.

  In order to achieve the above object, a submarine boring machine according to the present invention includes a drill head installed so as to be movable up and down via a lifting mechanism, a rotary excavating rod having a bit for excavating the ground in an annular shape at the tip, and the rotation In a submarine boring machine having a connecting rod that is sequentially connected to a drilling rod and a storage portion that stores the connecting rod, a switching mechanism is installed in the lifting mechanism, and the drill head and a vibration device are installed in the switching mechanism. And a vibration excavation rod that is detachable from the vibration device, and the switching mechanism is configured to switch positions of the drill head and the vibration device.

  With this configuration, it is possible to continuously collect samples of the seabed sedimentary layer and the seabed rock layer without lifting the boring machine onto the work boat. That is, the vibration mechanism and the vibration excavation rod for acquiring the seabed sediment layer sample, and the drill head and the rotary excavation rod for acquiring the seabed rock layer sample can be switched by the switching mechanism.

  In the above-mentioned submarine boring machine, when collecting a sample of the seabed sedimentary layer, when connecting the vibration excavation rod to the vibration device and controlling the excavation of the seabed sedimentary layer to obtain a sample of the seabed bedrock layer The switching mechanism is configured to switch between the vibration device and the drill head, connect the rotary excavation rod to the drill head, and perform control for excavating the submarine bedrock layer. With this configuration, it is possible to collect a sample of the seabed sediment layer that could not be obtained conventionally.

  In the submarine boring machine, a lid is installed at a lower end portion of the vibration excavation rod. With this configuration, even a sample of a soft seabed layer can be collected.

  In order to achieve the above object, a control method for a submarine boring machine according to the present invention includes a drill head installed so as to be able to move up and down via a lifting mechanism, and a rotary excavating rod having a bit for excavating the ground in an annular shape at the tip. A connecting rod that is sequentially connected to the rotary excavation rod; and a storage portion that stores the connecting rod; a switching mechanism is installed in the lifting mechanism; the drill head and a vibration device are installed in the switching mechanism; A control method for a submarine boring machine, comprising: a vibration excavating rod detachably attached to the vibration device; and the switching mechanism configured to switch a position of the drill head and the vibration device. When obtaining a sample, a switching step of arranging the vibration device on a drilling hole center line, a step of connecting the vibration excavation rod to the vibration device, and the vibration A step of excavating the seabed sedimentary layer by lowering the lifting and lowering device, and a sample recovery step of recovering the vibration excavating rod in the storage unit, and obtaining a sample of the seabed bedrock layer A switching step of disposing the drill head on a drilling hole center line, a step of connecting the rotary drilling rod to the drill head, rotating the drill head and lowering the lifting mechanism to lower the seabed The method includes a step of excavating a bedrock layer and a step of collecting a sample of the submarine bedrock layer.

  With this configuration, the same effects as described above can be obtained. In addition, on the excavation hole center line means a set of centers of the circular excavation holes in the excavation hole formed by the cylindrical vibration excavation rod and the rotary excavation rod. Similarly, the position where the excavation is planned is also called the excavation hole center line.

  According to the seabed boring machine according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a seabed boring machine capable of efficiently collecting a sample of a seabed sedimentary layer and a sample of a seabed bedrock layer. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a submarine boring machine capable of continuously collecting samples of the submarine sediment layer and the submarine rock layer in one operation without lifting the boring machine onto the work boat.

It is the figure which showed the outline of the submarine boring machine of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed operation | movement of the submarine boring machine of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed operation | movement of the submarine boring machine of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed a part of mechanism of the submarine boring machine of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the switching mechanism of the submarine boring machine of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the outline of the vibration apparatus of the submarine boring machine of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the edge part of the rod for vibration excavation of the submarine boring machine of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the outline of the conventional submarine boring machine.

  Hereinafter, an undersea boring machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an outline of the submarine boring machine 1. This boring machine 1 includes a main body formed of a frame (hereinafter referred to as a frame 4), a drill head 3 installed so as to be movable up and down via an elevating mechanism (hereinafter referred to as an elevator 5), and excavating the ground at the tip in an annular shape. A rotary excavating rod 21 having a bit to be connected; a connecting rod 22 that is sequentially connected to the rotary excavating rod 21; and a storage portion that stores the connecting rod 22 (hereinafter referred to as a magazine 20). In addition, a vibration device for vibration excavation (hereinafter referred to as a vibro corer 2) is arranged in line with the drill head 3.

  The vibrator corer 2 and the drill head 3 are configured to be slidable in the horizontal direction, for example, and are configured to be used by switching between the two. Further, the boring machine 1 has two magazines 20. In addition to at least one rotary excavation rod 21 and a plurality of connecting rods 22, this magazine 20 houses at least one vibration excavation rod 23 and a plurality of inner tubes 26 for collecting samples (cores). is doing. Further, the boring machine 1 has a hydraulic power device 8 that transmits the power of raising and lowering the elevator 5 and the rotation of the drill head 3, and a leg 13 that supports the boring machine 1 with respect to the seabed.

Although not shown, the boring machine 1 includes a thruster for controlling the position,
It is desirable to have a ballast tank or the like for controlling settling and flying. Moreover, you may install in the boring machine 1 the camera, illumination, sonar, and various sensors for the operator on a work ship to grasp | ascertain the state of a seabed.

  Next, the operation of the submarine boring machine 1 will be described. FIG. 2 shows how the seabed sediment layer M is bored. First, the vibration excavation rod 23 is connected to the vibro corer 2 (see FIG. 2A). The vibration excavation rod 23 is vibrated in the vertical direction by the vibro corer 2. Due to this vibration, the vibration excavation rod 23 takes in the sample (core) 31 while excavating the deposition layer M. At this time, the elevator 5 descends the vibrator corer 2 as the excavation progresses (see FIG. 2B).

  When the lower end of the vibration excavation rod 23 reaches the seabed rock layer N, the vibration excavation is completed, and the vibrator corer 2 and the vibration excavation rod 23 are pulled up (see FIG. 2C). The vibration excavation rod 23 containing the sample (core) 31 is removed from the vibrator corer 2 and stored in the magazine 20 (see FIG. 2D). The vibration excavation rod 23 has a structure for collecting the sample of the deposited layer M without spilling it. Specifically, it has a structure such as installing a lid on the lower surface.

  Here, when the seabed sediment layer M is deeper than the length of the vibration excavation rod 23, after the state of FIG. 2D, a different vibration excavation rod 23a is inserted into the excavation hole 30, and further, the vibration excavation rod 23a. The connecting rod 22 is connected to the upper end of the shaft and vibration excavation is performed again.

  Further, the determination that the lower end of the vibration excavation rod 23 has reached the seabed rock layer N can be made from the depth of the seabed sedimentary layer M estimated in advance by physical exploration or the like. Alternatively, when the excavation speed by the vibration excavation rod 23 becomes slower than a predetermined value, it may be determined that the seabed rock layer N has been reached.

  FIG. 3 shows how the submarine bedrock layer N is sampled. After sampling of the seabed sediment layer M, the vibro corer 2 is switched to the drill head 3. The rotary excavation rod 21 is inserted into the excavation hole 30, and the connecting rod 22 is connected to the upper end of the rotary excavation rod 21 (see FIG. 3E). At this time, it is desirable that the inner tube 26 is inserted into the rotary excavation rod 21 to perform wireline core sampling.

  The rotary head 21 is rotated by the drill head 3. By this rotation, the rotary excavation rod 21 takes the core 31 into the inner tube 26 while excavating the rock layer N. At this time, the elevator 5 descends the drill head 3 as the excavation progresses (see FIG. 3F). In the case of a wireline core sample ring, the inner tube 26 from which the core 31 is sufficiently collected is pulled up to the boring machine 1 with a wire or the like (see FIG. 3G). The inner tube 26 is stored in the magazine 20. A new inner tube 26 is fed into the rotary excavation rod 21, and then a new connecting rod 22 is connected to proceed further excavation (see FIG. 3H).

  It should be noted that after the boring operation on the sea floor is completed, a cylindrical casing may be inserted into the borehole 30 so that the borehole 30 can be reused. Specifically, a seismometer, a thermometer, etc. can be installed in the excavation hole 30 and used. This casing can be mounted on the magazine 20.

With the above configuration, the boring machine 1 can realize continuous boring of the seabed sedimentary layer M and the seabed bedrock layer N. In particular, when boring at a seabed of 1000m to 3000m below sea level, or more than 3000m, the boring machine 1 can be continuously drilled without raising it on the work boat, so the work efficiency is greatly improved. can do.

  Here, the core 31 may be sampled by using a core tube for core collection instead of the rotary excavation rod 21 without performing wireline sampling. However, when the depth at which sampling is performed is as deep as, for example, 30 to 50 m or 50 m or more, wireline sampling is more efficient.

  Follow these steps to drill the seabed. A plurality of replacement rotary excavation rods 21 may be mounted on the magazine 20. Alternatively, the boring machine 1 may be configured to move at a thruster or the like and perform boring at a plurality of locations by one settling. With this configuration, the work of sinking the boring machine 1 from the work ship to the seabed is reduced, and the efficiency of the boring work can be improved. At this time, a plurality of vibration excavation rods 23 may be mounted on the magazine 20 in order to collect samples of the plurality of deposited layers M.

  FIG. 4 shows specific configurations of the elevator 5 and the magazine 20. The elevator 5 has a vibro corer 2 and a drill head 3 installed via a switching mechanism 7. Moreover, it has the rod holder 6 for connecting and releasing connection rod 22 grade | etc.,. The magazine 20 stores a plurality of connecting rods 22 and an inner tube 26 side by side in an elliptical shape.

  Further, the magazine 20 has a transport arm 9 that transfers the connecting rod 22 and the like to and from the elevator 5. Here, the size of the connecting rod 22 and the like can be arbitrarily determined. For example, the diameter can be about 70 to 110 mm, and the length can be about 1500 to 3000 mm. At this time, the boring machine 1 has a bottom surface of about 4000 mm × 4000 mm and a height of about 6000 mm.

  Next, operations of the elevator 5 and the magazine 20 will be described. First, the connecting rod 22 and the like stored in the magazine 20 are connected to the drill head 3 by the transport arm 9. The drill head 3 has a chuck on the lower surface portion, and is configured to be able to grip the connecting rod 22 and the like.

  Next, as the excavation work progresses, the drill head 3 is lowered by the elevator 5. When the drill head 3 reaches almost the lowest end, the rod 22 holds the connecting rod 22 and the like, and the connection between the connecting rod 22 and the drill head 3 is released. Thereafter, the drill head 3 is raised, and a new connecting rod 22 or the like is supplied to the upper portion of the rod holder 6 by the transport arm 9.

  The rod holder 6 operates a built-in screwing device to screw the gripping connecting rod 22 or the like into a new connecting rod 22 or the like. The upper end of a new connecting rod 22 or the like is gripped by the drill head 3, and excavation is resumed. At this time, the magazine 20 can sequentially supply and collect the connecting rod 22 and the like to the transport arm 9 while rotating.

  FIG. 5 shows the vibro corer 2 and the drill head 3 installed in the switching mechanism 7. The switching mechanism 7 powers the lifting board 10 that can be moved up and down in the elevator 5, a switching board (hereinafter referred to as a sliding plate 11) that is slidable along the lifting board 10, and the sliding plate 11. It has a hydraulic cylinder 12 to add. The vibro corer 2 and the drill head 3 are fixed to the slide plate 11.

  In addition, S has shown the drilling hole centerline, the connection rod 22 grade | etc., Exists on this extension line, and the center of the rod holder 6 exists. That is, FIG. 5A shows a case where the drill head 3 is used for rotary excavation, and FIG. 5B shows a case where the vibratory excavator 2 is used for vibration excavation. Here, the slide plate 11 may be moved by another mechanism of the hydraulic cylinder 12. However, since it is necessary to operate stably on the seabed with high water pressure, it is desirable to use a hydraulic mechanism.

  Here, the vibro corer 2 is preferably installed on the slide plate 11 through a mechanism that does not transmit or attenuates vibration. Specifically, for example, an anti-vibration rubber and a vibration isolator can be used. With this configuration, the vibration of the vibro corer 2 is difficult to be transmitted to other equipment, particularly the drill head 3, so that equipment failure can be prevented. For example, when boring on the seabed of 3000 m or more below the surface of the water, a great deal of time and cost is required for repairing the boring machine 1.

  Moreover, it is desirable not to arrange the vibro corer 2 and the drill head 3 in the vertical direction. More preferably, they are arranged in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. This is to prevent vertical vibration generated in the vibro corer 2 from being transmitted to the drill head 3 and causing a failure.

  FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of an example of the vibro corer 2. The vibro corer 2 includes a weight 27 (hereinafter referred to as a reaction mass 24), a spring mechanism 25, and a chuck 27 that holds the connecting rod 22 and the like. The reaction mass 24 is vibrated by the vertical vibration generated by the spring mechanism 25, and the sedimentary layer M is excavated by the vibration excavation rod 23 by this vibration. For example, a disc spring or the like can be used as the spring mechanism 25. Moreover, the reaction mass 24 is good to comprise for example about 100-300 kg.

  FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of an example of the lid body 28 installed at the tip of the vibration excavation rod 23. The lid body 28 is formed in a shape in which a plurality of cuts are made in a disc-shaped flat plate from the center toward the outer peripheral direction. The lid 28 can be formed of, for example, a metal thin plate or a synthetic resin flat plate having a certain degree of flexibility. The lid body 28 is configured so as to allow the core of the seabed sedimentary layer M entering from below to pass therethrough and not to return the core once passed through the lid body 28 downward.

  With this configuration, the vibration excavation rod 23 stores the relatively soft core of the seabed sedimentary layer M in the vibration excavation rod 23 as compared with the seabed rock layer N and does not leak to the outside (downward). Therefore, the core of the seabed sedimentary layer M can be collected. In addition to the above-described configuration, the lid 28 has a shutter system that closes the lower end portion of the vibration excavation rod 23 with a slide plate, and a left and right side of the lower end portion of the vibration excavation rod 23 such as a club bucket. From this, it is possible to adopt a method in which the lid body 28 is moved and closed by a rotational movement. Here, as long as the cover body 28 is a structure which does not leak the soft seabed sediment layer M downward, structures other than the above can also be employ | adopted.

1 Submarine boring machine (boring machine)
2 Vibration device (Vibro corer)
3 Drill head 4 Frame (frame)
5 Lifting mechanism (elevator)
7 Switching mechanism 10 Lifting substrate 11 Switching substrate (slide plate)
20 Storage Department (Magazine)
21 Rotating excavation rod 22 Connecting rod 23 Vibrating excavation rod 28 Lid M Submarine sediment layer N Submarine bedrock layer

Claims (4)

A drill head installed so as to be movable up and down via an elevating mechanism, a rotary excavating rod having a bit for excavating the ground annularly at the tip, a connecting rod sequentially connected to the rotary excavating rod, and the connecting rod are accommodated In the submarine boring machine with a storage part,
A switching mechanism is installed in the elevating mechanism, the drill head and a vibration device are installed in the switching mechanism, and the vibration drilling rod is detachable from the vibration device, and the switching mechanism includes the drill head and the vibration device. Submarine boring machine, which is configured to switch the position of the sea.   When collecting a sample of a seabed sediment layer, the vibration excavation rod is connected to the vibration device, and the control for excavating the seabed sediment layer is performed. The submarine boring machine according to claim 1, wherein the submarine boring machine is configured to switch between a vibration device and the drill head, connect the rotary excavation rod to the drill head, and perform excavation of the submarine rock layer. .   The submarine boring machine according to claim 1, wherein a lid is installed at a lower end portion of the vibration excavation rod. A drill head installed so as to be movable up and down via an elevating mechanism, a rotary excavating rod having a bit for excavating the ground annularly at the tip, a connecting rod sequentially connected to the rotary excavating rod, and the connecting rod are accommodated Having a storage part,
A switching mechanism is installed in the elevating mechanism, the drill head and a vibration device are installed in the switching mechanism, and the vibration drilling rod is detachable from the vibration device, and the switching mechanism includes the drill head and the vibration device. A control method for a submarine boring machine configured to switch the position of
When obtaining samples of seabed sedimentary layers,
A switching step of arranging the vibration device on a borehole center line;
Connecting the vibration excavation rod to the vibration device;
Excavating the submarine sedimentary layer by vibrating the vibration device and lowering the lifting device;
A sample recovery step of recovering the vibration excavation rod in the storage unit;
When obtaining a sample of the submarine bedrock layer,
A switching step of arranging the drill head on a drill hole center line;
Connecting the rotary excavation rod to the drill head;
Rotating the drill head and lowering the lifting mechanism to excavate the submarine bedrock layer;
A method for controlling a seabed boring machine, comprising the step of collecting a sample of the seabed bedrock layer.

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