JP2011225311A - Refuse collecting vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refuse collecting vehicle in which the initial setting operation per one cycle time of refuse loading can be easily performed with high precision, thus productivity and maintenance work efficiency thereof can be improved.SOLUTION: In the refuse collecting vehicle 1, the operating speed of a refuse loading apparatus 10 changes in accordance with the number of revolutions of an engine 9 for running mounted on a vehicle body 4. The refuse collecting vehicle includes a controller 20 previously stored with one cycle time of prescribed loading per combination of the mountable refuse loading apparatus and the engine for running. Upon the initial setting of one cycle time of the loading of refuse 8 by the mounted refuse loading apparatus 10, the measured value of one cycle time of the loading of the refuse measured by operating the mounted refuse loading apparatus 10 and one cycle time of the prescribed loading corresponding to the combination of the mounted refuse loading apparatus 10 with the engine 9 for running are compared and verified by a CPU 21 as an arithmetic processing part provided to the controller 20. Then, the number of revolutions of the engine 9 for running is automatically controlled according to the compared and verified result in the CPU 21.

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage truck.

  The garbage collection vehicle is mainly composed of a dust storage box mounted on the vehicle body, a dust input box connected to the rear opening of the dust storage box so as to be openable and closable, and a dust loading device installed inside the dust input box. The dust thrown into the dust throwing-in box is configured to be loaded and housed in the dust box by the dust loading device. The garbage truck is mainly divided into a rotary type as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 and a press type as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 2, depending on the dust loading system (configuration of the dust loading device). Broadly divided. The rotary dust loading device is composed mainly of a swingable pushing plate and a rotatable rotating plate located below the pushing plate, and the press dust loading device is movable up and down. The packer plate and a press plate that is swingably provided at the lower end of the packer plate are mainly configured.

  Regardless of whether the dust loading device is a rotary type or a press type, in this kind of garbage collection vehicle, the main purpose is to ensure the safety of workers engaged in dust collection work. In the pre-shipment stage, that is, the manufacturing stage, one cycle time of loading of dust by automatic operation of the dust loading device is set to a predetermined value. Such an initial setting operation for one cycle time of loading is similarly performed after the maintenance of the garbage truck.

  The dust loading device installed in the garbage truck is usually driven by hydraulic equipment such as a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic equipment switches between supply and non-supply of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump. The driving / stopping is switched by. The hydraulic pump is driven by power extracted from an engine (traveling engine) mounted on the body of the garbage truck. Accordingly, the operating speed of the dust loading device, that is, the cycle time for loading dust varies depending on the rotational speed of the traveling engine.

JP 2004-244190 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-19907

  By the way, the initial setting of one cycle time of loading of dust with the above-described dust loading device is currently performed manually. However, the garbage truck is composed of a combination of one vehicle body (travel engine) selected from a plurality of types and one dust loading device selected from a plurality of types. Therefore, the initial setting operation for one cycle time of loading cannot be uniquely performed. For this reason, it is pointed out that the initial setting work for loading one cycle time is a difficult work that requires a great deal of labor, and that the accuracy varies depending on the proficiency level of the workers engaged in the setting work.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily and highly accurately perform an initial setting operation for one cycle time of loading of dust, and thereby, a garbage collection vehicle. The purpose is to improve productivity and maintenance workability.

  The present invention was devised to achieve the above object, and includes a dust bin mounted on a vehicle body, a dust bin connected to the rear of the dust bin, and a dust bin installed inside the dust bin. A dust collecting vehicle having a dust loading device for loading the dust put into the box into the dust containing box, wherein the operating speed of the dust loading device changes according to the rotational speed of the traveling engine mounted on the vehicle body , A control device in which a predetermined loading one cycle time for each combination of a loadable dust loading device and a traveling engine is stored in advance, and an initial one cycle time of dust loading by the mounted dust loading device When performing the setting, it corresponds to the combination value of the mounted dust loading device and the traveling engine, and the measured value of the loaded dust loading cycle time measured by operating the mounted dust loading device. Place One cycle time of loading is compared and verified by an arithmetic processing unit provided in the control device, and the rotational speed of the mounted traveling engine is automatically controlled based on the comparison verification result by the arithmetic processing unit. To do.

  The cycle time for loading the dust by the dust loading device changes in proportion to the operating speed of the dust loading device, and the operating speed of the dust loading device changes according to the rotational speed of the traveling engine. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present invention, the control device automatically performs the initial setting operation for one cycle time of loading dust by the dust loading device. This makes it possible to easily and accurately perform the initial setting work for one cycle time of loading of dust, regardless of the proficiency level of the workers engaged in this kind of setting work. Maintenance workability can be improved.

  In the above-described configuration, the dust loading device includes a pressing plate that is swingably provided and a rotating plate that is rotatably provided below the pressing plate, and swings the pushing plate and rotates the rotating plate. In cooperation with the operation, the dust thrown into the dust throwing box can be loaded into the dust storage box. Alternatively, the dust loading device includes a packer plate that can be moved up and down and a press plate that is swingably provided at a lower end portion of the packer plate, and the cooperation between the lifting and lowering operation of the packer plate and the swinging operation of the press plate. Thus, the waste thrown into the dust throwing box can be loaded into the dust storage box. That is, the present invention can be adopted regardless of whether the dust loading device is a rotary type or a press type.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily and accurately perform the initial setting operation for one cycle time of loading dust. Thereby, the productivity and maintenance workability of the garbage truck can be improved.

It is a left view which shows the whole structure of the refuse collection vehicle which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which the rotation board of the refuse loading apparatus started rotation. It is a figure which shows the state which rotation of the rotation board of a dust loading device and the rocking | fluctuation to the back of a pushing board are advancing. It is a figure which shows the state just before the pushing board of a dust loading apparatus starts rocking | fluctuation to the front side. It is a figure which shows the loading operation state of the dust by a pushing board. It is a block diagram which shows typically the electric system etc. centering on a control apparatus.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a left side view showing an overall structure of a garbage truck 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The garbage collection vehicle 1 shown in the figure is openable and closable at the rear opening of the dust storage box 2 via a traveling engine 9 and a dust storage box 2 mounted on the vehicle body 4 and a pivot shaft 5 extending in the vehicle width direction. And a dust input box 3 connected to. A dust input port 6 is opened on the rear surface of the dust input box 3, and the dust input port 6 is closed by the open / close door 7 except when the dust 8 is loaded. Inside the dust throwing box 3, a dust loading device 10 for loading the dust 8 thrown into the dust throwing box 3 into the dust storage box 2 is provided.

  The dust loading device 10 in the illustrated example is a so-called rotary type, and a main part is constituted by a pressing plate 11 and a rotating plate 12 positioned below the pressing plate 11. The rotating plate 12 is connected to a rotating shaft 13 that rotates by receiving a driving force of a hydraulic motor (not shown). When the hydraulic motor is driven and the rotating shaft 13 rotates (in the illustrated example, it rotates clockwise). Rotate integrally with the rotary shaft 13. The pushing plate 11 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 14 extending in the vehicle width direction, and swings in the front-rear direction in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15 connected to the base end portion. The dust loading device 10 having such a configuration is configured so that the pushing-in plate 11 and the rotating plate 12 operate in cooperation as follows, so that the dust 8 put in the dust-filling box 3 is put into the dust-containing box. 2 is loaded inside.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2, the dust door 8 is opened by operating the open / close door 7 to put the dust 8 into the dust box 3. In the state where the pushing plate 11 is swung to the front side of the dust box 3 shown in the figure, the rotating plate 12 can rotate without interfering with the pushing plate 11. As shown in FIG. 3, when the rotating plate 12 rotates toward the dust inlet 5, the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15 is shortened and the pushing plate 11 swings backward. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, when the rotating plate 12 rotates while scraping the dust 8 accumulated at the bottom of the dust throwing-in box 3 and becomes substantially horizontal toward the dust container 2, as shown in FIG. 5. Further, the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15 extends and the pushing plate 11 swings forward, and the dust 8 held on the rotating plate 12 is loaded into the dust container 2. Such a series of dust loading operations is automatically performed by setting the operation switch 17 (see FIG. 6) to the “ON” state, and continuously in a mode in which this operation is performed only once. The mode can be selected by the operation switch 17.

  Although not shown, as a method for discharging the dust 8 stored in the dust storage box 2, the dust storage box 2 is opened in a state in which the dust input box 3 is opened to open the rear opening of the dust storage box 2. A method of moving the discharge plate (not shown) installed in the interior to the rear (discharge plate drive type) and opening the dust input box 3 to open the rear opening of the dust storage box 2 Then, there is a method (dump type) that is performed by raising the front part of the dust container 2 and setting the front side to a tilted position above the rear side, and sliding the dust 8 by its own weight, Which discharge method is used, in other words, which dust discharge device is equipped is appropriately selected.

  The garbage collection vehicle 1 is provided with a power take-off device (PTO) (not shown) for taking out the power of the traveling engine 9, and various hydraulic devices 16 are driven by the power of the running engine 9 taken out by the power take-out device. A hydraulic pump (not shown) for operating (for feeding hydraulic oil to various hydraulic devices) is driven. The various hydraulic devices 16 referred to here include at least a hydraulic cylinder 15 that swings the pushing plate 11 and a hydraulic motor (not shown) that rotates the rotating plate 12 (the rotating shaft 13). With this configuration, the operating speed of the dust loading device 10 changes according to the rotational speed of the traveling engine 9.

  As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 6, the garbage collection vehicle 1 includes a central processing unit (hereinafter abbreviated as “CPU”) 21 as a processing unit and a storage device 22 that stores and stores various data. A control device 20 is provided. The control device 20 (CPU 21) includes a display device 23 such as a liquid crystal display panel on which various types of information are monitored and displayed, an operation switch 17 of the dust loading device 10, a valve unit 24, a detector 25, a digital- An analog conversion circuit (hereinafter abbreviated as “D / A conversion circuit”) 26 is connected.

  The storage device 22 stores various data related to the traveling engine that can be mounted on the garbage truck 1, such as the type of the traveling engine, the output, the upper limit rotational speed, the rotational speed ratio of the power take-out device (hereinafter referred to as “chassis information”). ), Various data related to the dust loading device that can be mounted on the garbage collection vehicle 1, such as rotary or press type, size, processing capacity (hereinafter referred to as “bodywork information”), a mountable traveling engine, and Predetermined loading 1 cycle time and the like for each combination of dust loading devices are stored in advance.

  The valve unit 24 switches supply / non-supply of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic equipment 16 connected to the downstream side thereof, here, the hydraulic cylinder 15 that swings the pushing plate 11 and the hydraulic motor that rotates the rotating plate 12. A solenoid valve is provided. Then, by switching the open / close port of the solenoid valve according to the presence or absence of an operation signal from the CPU 21, supply / non-supply of hydraulic oil from a hydraulic pump (not shown) to the hydraulic cylinder 15 and the hydraulic motor, that is, the pushing plate 11 and The operation / stop of the rotating plate 12 is switched.

  As the detector 25, a plurality of position sensors for detecting the positions of the pushing plate 11 and the rotating plate 12 are provided. Here, at least the front limit and the rear limit of the pushing plate 11, the rotation start of the rotating plate 12, and It is provided for detecting rotation stop. Each detector 25 to be used may be a contact type or a non-contact type.

  The D / A conversion circuit 26 receives the digital electrical signal output from the CPU 21 and converts it into an analog voltage signal, and outputs the analog voltage signal downstream. An engine speed control device (hereinafter abbreviated as “ECU”) 27 is connected downstream of the D / A conversion circuit 26. The ECU 27 controls the rotational speed of the traveling engine 9 according to the magnitude of the input analog voltage signal. With this configuration, the rotational speed of the traveling engine 9 can be controlled by the control device 20. As a method for outputting a digital signal from the CPU 21 to the D / A conversion circuit 26, for example, a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) method is employed.

  In the storage device 22 of the control device 20 having the above-described configuration, one cycle time (loading one cycle time T1) of automatic loading of the dust 8 by the dust loading device 10 described with reference to FIGS. ) Is stored. This loading 1 cycle time T1 is automatically set to a predetermined value (within a predetermined range) and stored in the stage before the garbage truck 1 is shipped to the customer, that is, in the manufacturing stage of the garbage truck 1. It is stored in the device 22. Hereinafter, the automatic setting method of the loading 1 cycle time T1 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  First, from the chassis information and bodywork information stored in the storage device 22, the type (combination of both) of the traveling engine 9 and the dust loading device 10 mounted on the garbage collection vehicle 1 is selected. As a result, data relating to the traveling engine 9 mounted on the garbage truck 1 and data relating to the dust loading device 10 are input to the CPU 21. At the same time, the storage device 22 outputs data related to a predetermined loading one cycle time (T0) corresponding to the selected combination of the traveling engine 9 and the dust loading device 10, and the data is input to the CPU 21. .

  Next, in order to operate the mounted dust loading device 10, the operation switch 17 of the dust loading device 10 is turned “ON”, and when this signal is input to the CPU 21, the CPU 21 sends an operation signal to the valve unit 24. Is output. As a result, hydraulic oil is supplied from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic equipment 16 (the hydraulic cylinder 15 and the hydraulic motor), and the dust loading device 10 (the pushing plate 11 and the rotating plate 12) refers to FIGS. The series of dust loading operations described above is automatically performed. At this time, the CPU 21 measures the one-cycle time of the dust loading by the dust loading device 10, and the CPU 21 controls the rotation speed of the traveling engine 9 toward the D / A conversion circuit 26. A signal is output.

  In addition, the measurement of the loading 1 cycle time T1 of the dust 8 by the mounted dust loading device 10 is performed by inputting an electric signal output from each detector 25 for detecting the positions of the pushing plate 11 and the rotating plate 12 to the CPU 21. Is started and completed. Specifically, as the rotation of the rotating plate 12 is started (FIG. 2), an electric signal “cancel initial state” is output from the detector 25 that has detected the initial position of the dust loading device 10. When this electric signal is input to the CPU 21, the measurement of the loading one cycle time T1 is started. The detector 25 detects the start of swinging of the pushing plate 11 to the rear side to the completion of swinging of the pushing plate 11 to the rear limit (FIG. 3) and the return of the rotating plate 12 to the initial position (FIG. 4). After that, when the detector 25 detects completion of the swinging of the pushing plate 12 to the front limit (FIG. 5) and an electric signal of “returning to the initial state” of the dust loading device 10 is input to the CPU 21, the loading is performed. Measurement of one cycle time T1 is completed.

  The 1 cycle time T1 of loading of the dust 8 by the dust loading device 10 measured as described above is compared and verified with the predetermined loading 1 cycle time T0 in the CPU 21. When the loading 1 cycle time T1 is outside the range of the predetermined loading 1 cycle time T0, an electrical signal for changing the engine speed is output from the CPU 21 toward the traveling engine 9. Specifically, when the loading one cycle time T1 exceeds the upper limit value of the predetermined loading one cycle time T0, an electric signal for increasing the engine speed is sent from the CPU 21 to the D / A conversion circuit 26. Is output. This electric signal is converted into an analog voltage signal by the D / A conversion circuit 26, and when the output voltage signal is input to the ECU 27, the rotational speed of the traveling engine 9 increases, and the power of the traveling engine 9 is extended. Increases hydraulic oil discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump. Thereby, the operating speed of the refuse loading device 10 driven by the hydraulic equipment 16 is increased, and the loading one cycle time T1 is shortened. On the other hand, when the loading 1 cycle time T1 is below the lower limit value of the predetermined loading 1 cycle time T0, an electrical signal for lowering the engine speed is output from the CPU 21 to the D / A conversion circuit 26. Along with this, the hydraulic oil discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump decreases, the operating speed of the dust loading device 10 (the pushing plate 11 and the rotating plate 12) becomes slow, and the loading 1 cycle time T1 becomes long.

  Then, by repeatedly performing the automatic loading operation of the dust 8 by the mounted dust loading device 10, the comparison and verification between the measured value of the loading 1 cycle time T1 and the predetermined loading 1 cycle time T0 are repeatedly performed. When the measured value of the loading 1 cycle time T1 is continuously within the predetermined loading 1 cycle time T0 for a predetermined number of times (for example, 3 times), the operation switch 17 is operated to stop the operation of the dust loading device 10 Let Accordingly, signal output conditions from the CPU 21 to the D / A conversion circuit 26 at this time are stored in the storage device 22. And when the refuse collection vehicle 1 provided with such a control apparatus 20 is actually used (when the automatic loading operation of the garbage 8 by the dust loading apparatus 10 is performed: Refer to FIGS. 2-5). The rotational speed of the traveling engine 9 is controlled based on the signal output conditions stored in the storage device 22, and the operating speed of each part of the refuse loading device 10, that is, the loading one cycle time T1 is maintained at a constant value. Is done.

  As described above, the refuse collection vehicle 1 according to the present invention includes the control device 20 in which the predetermined loading one cycle time T0 for each combination of the loadable dust loading device and the traveling engine is stored in advance. When the initial setting of the loading 1 cycle time T1 of the dust 8 by the collected dust loading device 10 is performed, the loading time 1 cycle of the dust 8 measured by operating the mounted dust loading device 10 The measured value of T1 and the predetermined loading 1 cycle time T0 corresponding to the combination of the mounted garbage loading device 10 and the traveling engine 9 are compared and verified by the CPU 21 provided in the control device 20, and compared by the CPU 21. The rotational speed of the traveling engine 9 mounted based on the verification result is automatically controlled.

  As described above, the loading cycle time T1 of the dust 8 by the dust loading device 10 changes in proportion to the operating speed of the dust loading device 10, and the operating speed of the dust loading device 10 is determined by the traveling engine 9. It changes according to the number of rotations. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present invention described above, the initial setting operation for loading one cycle time T1 of the dust 8 by the dust loading device 10 is automatically performed by the control device 20. Thereby, regardless of the proficiency level of the worker engaged in this kind of setting work, the initial setting work of loading 1 cycle time T1 of the refuse 8 can be easily and highly accurately performed. Productivity and maintenance workability can be improved.

  The dust collection vehicle 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the control device 20 may be used as a means for grasping the operation status, operation history, and the like of the dust collection vehicle 1. Is possible.

  Specifically, the cumulative operation time of the dust collection vehicle 1 (the dust loading device 10), the cumulative number of operations of the dust loading device 10, the cumulative number of operations of the dust discharge device, the malfunction / false detection of the detector 25, and traveling Data relating to the rotation speed of the engine 9 (the upper limit rotation speed of the traveling engine 9), etc. can be stored in the storage device 22 of the control device 20. The various data stored in the storage device 22 can be monitored and displayed on a display device of an information terminal such as a PC connected to the control device 20 or the display device 23. In addition, it can be utilized as useful data for grasping the maintenance time (replacement time of each member, timing of grease up, etc.) of the garbage collection vehicle 1. Thereby, the breakdown of the refuse collection vehicle 1 etc. are prevented beforehand.

  In the above description, the main part is constituted by the swingable pressing plate 11 and the rotatable rotating plate 12 positioned below the pressing plate 11, and the swinging operation of the pressing plate 11 and the rotating operation of the rotating plate 12 are performed. The case where the present invention is applied to the dust collecting vehicle 1 having the so-called rotary dust loading device 10 that loads the dust 8 put into the dust throwing box 3 in the dust storage box 2 in cooperation with the above has been described. However, in the present invention, the main part is composed of a packer plate that can be moved up and down and a press plate that is swingably provided at the lower end of the packer plate. The dust collection vehicle 1 provided with a so-called press-type dust loading device 10 that loads the dust 8 thrown into the dust box 3 with the above-described cooperation into the dust container 2 can be preferably applied.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dust collection truck 2 Dust storage box 3 Dust input box 4 Car body 8 Dust 9 Driving engine 10 Dust loading device 11 Pushing plate 12 Rotating plate 15 Hydraulic cylinder 16 Hydraulic equipment 20 Control device 21 Central processing unit (processing unit)
22 storage device 23 display device 24 valve unit 25 detector 26 digital-analog conversion circuit 27 engine speed control device

Claims (3)

A dust container mounted on the vehicle body, a dust container box connected to the rear of the dust container box so as to be openable and closable, and a dust container that is installed inside the dust container box and that has been put into the dust container box. In a garbage collection vehicle comprising a dust loading device for loading into a storage box, wherein the operating speed of the dust loading device varies according to the rotational speed of a traveling engine mounted on the vehicle body,
A control device in which a predetermined loading one cycle time for each combination of the loadable dust loading device and the traveling engine is stored in advance;
When initial setting of 1 cycle time of dust loading by the mounted dust loading device,
Measured value of 1 cycle time of dust loading measured by operating the mounted dust loading device, and the predetermined loading 1 cycle time corresponding to the combination of the mounted dust loading device and the traveling engine Are collected and characterized by being compared and verified by an arithmetic processing unit provided in the control device, and the number of revolutions of the traveling engine mounted is automatically controlled based on the result of the comparative verification by the arithmetic processing unit. car. The dust loading device includes a pressing plate provided swingably and a rotating plate provided rotatably below the pressing plate,
The dust thrown in the dust throwing box is loaded into the dust storage box by the cooperation of the swinging action of the pushing plate and the rotating action of the rotating plate. Item 2. A garbage collection vehicle according to item 1. The dust loading device includes a packer plate that can be raised and lowered, and a press plate that is swingably provided at the lower end of the packer plate,
The dust that has been thrown into the dust bin is loaded into the dust storage box by the cooperation of the lifting and lowering operation of the packer plate and the swinging motion of the press plate. Item 2. A garbage collection vehicle according to item 1.

Images