JP2011223980A - Floating structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight floating structure having corrosion resistance against seawater, flexibility and resistance against pitching or rolling of the sea surface, effectively used for culturing oysters, as a live-box for fishery or as a floating pier for ships.SOLUTION: The floating structure 30 has upper parallel log lines 13 disposed above lower parallel log lines 12. A lattice-like shape is formed in the floating structure by fixing intersecting positions of the upper and lower logs with iron wires or other log connectors, and floats 2 are suspended from the lattice-shaped logs 1.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a floating structure that can be used as a floating pier for fishing grounds such as oyster farming, various fish fish cages, etc., in which the floats are connected with trunk materials.

  Conventionally, as such a floating structure, in particular, a structure for a fishing ground sacrifice, a structure in which a trunk material composed of a steel rope or other metal pipe is connected between a plurality of floats is conventionally used. I came.

  However, when a metal pipe is used as a trunk material connecting the floats, it is heavy and difficult to handle. In addition, when a rope is used as the trunk material, the slack is severe and the stability is poor, and the work on the assembled trunk material may be difficult.

  Therefore, in recent years, bamboo materials that are lighter and more flexible than metal pipes have come to be used as trunk materials for the formation of oyster farming sacrifices in recent years. The use of bamboo has become promising as a measure to prevent erosion by bamboo forests caused by devastation of forests.

  This structure was obtained by assembling bamboo baskets having a diameter of about 10 cm in a lattice pattern with a wire and connecting them to a float in which a floating material was wrapped with a waterproof cloth material.

  This bamboo is relatively inexpensive, has a smooth round surface, is relatively easy to handle, and the sacrificial structure itself is flexible and can withstand a small amount of waves. There are advantages such as sufficient strength for fishing and sufficient fishing strength when submerged in the sea.

  However, the assembly of the sacrifice structure using this bamboo material requires a fixed size and length, and the assembly of the frame structure to be attached to the float is 3-5 mm or more. It is necessary to tie them together with a wire, and the assembly requires considerable labor, labor and skill. Furthermore, there is a problem of shortening the life due to corrosion by seawater.

  In addition, as disclosed in the following patent documents, many plastic bell-shaped floats have been devised for aquaculture fish cages because of their ease of manufacture and handling convenience. However, when a simple bar is used as a trunk, there is a problem that handling is inconvenient.

Japanese Utility Model Publication 2-36384 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-31849 Japanese Utility Model Publication No.7-1758.

  The problem of the present invention is that it has corrosion resistance to seawater, has flexure and resistance to sea surface fluctuations, and is suitable for oyster farming, fishing ground sacrifices, floating piers for ships, etc. It is to provide a lightweight floating structure that can be used.

  The present invention is a floating structure in which a trunk material obtained from a plastic material, particularly a plastic waste material, is assembled in a lattice shape, and a plurality of floats are connected to the lattice-shaped trunk material.

  As a plastic material constituting the floating structure of the present invention, a thermoplastic virgin material such as pp or pe, or a thermoplastic waste material can be used. Plastic waste for that purpose does not have to be specially selected for each type, and it is a floating structure that can sufficiently withstand sea waves even if it is ordinary heat-molded using ordinary waste material It can be a body.

  Plastic waste material that is remelted to form a trunk material that connects the floats is formed by extruding ordinary pellet-like waste material at a temperature of about 180 ° C. using a normal melt extruder, and the cross section is round. It is formed into a bar having an arbitrary cross-sectional shape of quadrangular, triangular, hexagonal shape, having a diameter of about 60 mm and a length of about 12000 mm, and is used as a trunk material of a floating structure.

  Moreover, as a float for connecting such a trunk material, a conventionally known float described in the above-mentioned patent document can be used, but a box-shaped body is made from a glass fiber panel material. In addition, it is possible to use a float that has a function as a float by filling a waste material of foamed plastic, and in which seawater can be injected to adjust buoyancy.

  In addition, to connect the plastic rods assembled in a lattice form to form the trunk material, and to attach the lattice-shaped trunk material and the float, the waves when the finished structure is floated on the sea and the oyster net to suspend It is necessary to adopt a coupling means to withstand the gravity of the. Moreover, the coupling needs to be a simple means.

  The floating structure of the present invention can be made into a trunk material having excellent uniform flexibility by combining a plastic waste material only with a melt-extruded rod body. It can be of any size and shape that can adjust buoyancy by introduction, and assembly and maintenance are simplified.

  In addition, by using a used plastic waste material for the production of each member and reusing the used waste material, a recycling system for recycling the plastic waste material can be formed.

  Furthermore, conventionally, as a trunk material constituting the floating structure, bamboo material having a round surface has been used as it is, and thus the work on the floating structure has been unstable. However, in the plastic trunk material of the present invention, It can be of any cross-sectional shape, and the work on the floating structure can be made efficient by using a polygonal cross-section that emphasizes stability as the work on the floating structure.

The trunk material used for the floating structure of this invention is shown. The 1st example of the float used for this invention is shown. The unit of the float structure which attached the trunk material to the float shown in FIG. 2 is shown. The unit assembly metal fitting of a floating structure is shown. The unit assembly procedure of the floating structure is shown below. The state which looked at the 1st example of the floating structure for oyster culture ginger from the top is shown. A floating structure for migratory fish sacrifice is shown. Fig. 3 shows a floating metal fitting for a migratory fish sacrifice. The 2nd example of the floating structure for oyster culture ginger is shown. 10 shows a cross section of the float structure shown in FIG. The 2nd example of the float structure for sacrificial fish sacrificial fish is shown.

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples shown in the drawings.

Example 1
1 to 6 show a first example in which the present invention is applied to a float structure for an oyster culture cage.

(Manufacture of trunk material)
Mainly, a plastic waste material in the form of pellets of polypropylene and polyethylene was melt-extruded at 180 ° C. to obtain a rod for the trunk 1 shown in FIG. 1 having a 60 mm square and a length of 12000 mm. This melt-extruded rod has a slightly spiral nest formed in the core, but its bending resistance is about 3000 kg / cm ^2, which is a floating structure for oyster farming cages. It can withstand long-term use as a trunk material.

(Manufacture of floats)
FIG. 2 shows a float 2 made of a box having a length of 900 mm, a width of 600 mm, and a height of 450 mm made from a glass fiber plate having a thickness of 10 mm. At the opposite end edges of the upper and lower surfaces of the float 2, notch-like positions 21 for mounting and fixing the four trunk members 1 shown in FIG. 1 are formed. The float 2 is filled with foamed plastic waste material to give buoyancy, and in order to adjust the buoyancy, a plug 22 is provided at the top and seawater can be introduced from the seawater inlet provided there, and the buoyancy can be adjusted. Made it functional.

(Create structure unit)
The trunk material 1 shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the attachment positions 21 on the upper and lower side edges of the float 2 shown in FIG. It was fixed by seawater-resistant adhesive, bolts, and other joining means. The number of the trunk members 1 attached depends on the strength of the floating structure for aquaculture against waves. In this way, each trunk member 1 was attached to a plurality of floats 2 (in the case of four pieces in FIG. 3) at equal intervals to form a structure unit 3.

  Further, for fixing the trunk material 1 and the float 2, a fixing band 31 shown in FIG. 4 can be used in addition to the bonding with the adhesive or alone. The fixing band 31 is made of stainless steel or aluminum, and is fixed by tightening bolts at joints at both ends thereof.

(Assembly of structure)
A plurality of the structure units 3 shown in FIG. 3 are arranged in parallel at regular intervals, and the plastic bar shown in FIG. 1 is fixed as a cross member 11 at a right angle to the trunk 1 of the unit. A floating structure 10 shown in FIG. 5 in which the materials 1 were arranged in a lattice shape was produced.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the transverse member 11 is fixed to the structure unit 3 when the floating structure 10 is formed. The trunk member 1 shown in FIG. 1 is placed on the trunk member 1 above the unit 3 of the structure. The floating structure 10 for oyster culture shown in FIG. 5 having the trunk material 1 arranged in a lattice shape was obtained by using as the material 11 and fixed by the wire 12.

(Assembly structure wave test)
As a result of the wave resistance test in the oyster farm in the inland sea, the lower trunk of the floating structure 10 obtained in Example 1 was attached to and suspended from 400 nets. It was left unattended for 6 months until.

  As a result, in the floating structure 10, the net becomes heavier with the growth of the oysters in the growing period of the oysters from the state that almost 2/3 of the floats 2 when the sacrifices are installed are raised above the sea surface. In the period, only about 1/4 of the float floated on the sea surface, but there was no obstacle to harvesting the grown oysters.

  In addition, during this period, no problems occurred in the trunk material 1 and the float 2 that constitute the sacrificial float structure that was installed.

Example 2
Example 2 is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and shows an example in which the present invention is applied to migrating migratory fish.

  The present invention is applied to the circular floating structure 20 shown in FIG. 6 for the oyster cultivation sacrifice shown in the above-mentioned Example 1 for the sacrifice of small migratory fish such as sardine, hamachi, and salmon. An example is shown.

  In FIG. 6, a circular float structure 20 is formed by bending the structure unit 3 shown in FIG. 3 using the bendability of the trunk material 1, and connecting a plurality of them in a circular shape using the connector 4. . A floating prevention net is suspended on one surface of the floating structure constituting the circle and used as a sacrifice.

  This connecting tool 4 has a slightly longer end portion of the structure unit 3 shown in FIG. 3, bends the structure unit 3 by utilizing the bendability of the trunk material 1, and the space between the end portions is shown in FIG. 8. The U-shaped space of the connector 4 shown in the figure is used for connection, and this is fixed to a connection hole such as a bolt hole by means such as a bolt.

  As a result, a net is suspended from the frame of the lower trunk of the circular floating structure 20 to form a cylindrical sacrifice.

Example 3
FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show a second example 30 in which the present invention is applied to an oyster culture ginger.

(Structure and assembly of trunk material)
As shown in FIG. 9, a grid-like trunk material is formed from a plurality of lower rows 12 arranged in parallel and upper rows 13 arranged in parallel perpendicular to the lower rows, and the lower rows 12 of the trunk material 1. And the upper row 13 are assembled in a lattice shape to form a lattice-shaped trunk material having the same vertical and horizontal intervals.

  As means for fixing the lower row 12 and the upper row 13 of the trunk 1, in addition to tightening the intersections with a wire, a fastening metal fitting or a contact plate is arranged on the upper surface of the upper row 13 and the lower surface of the lower row. It is also possible to adopt a means of fixing the space with bolts.

(Float structure and assembly)
As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, this oyster farming sacrifice 30 has an upper row of parallel trunk material rows 13 arranged on a lower parallel stem material row 12, and an iron wire or other trunk material. The crossing position of the upper and lower trunk members is fixed by a connector to form a lattice, and the float 2 is suspended from the lattice-like trunk 1.

  This float 2 has a cylindrical tank shape made of glass fiber, hard plastic material, etc., and a seawater inlet 25 for adjusting buoyancy is provided on the upper surface of the float 2 so as to sandwich the trunk row 12 below. The suspension is supported and suspended by a float suspension wire 24 attached to the float suspension plate 23 attached in step S2.

  By introducing seawater from the seawater inlet 25 provided on the float 2, the buoyancy of the entire aquaculture cage 30 is reduced, and when the waves are severe, the entire aquaculture cage 30 is submerged below the wavefront, The effect of preventing damage is reduced.

(Mounting of float and trunk)
The float has two suspension plates 23 arranged between the lower row 12 of the grid-like trunk material and on the lower surface of the float, and using the suspension plates, the wire is routed around the float at two locations in the front and rear. The float is suspended by the wire 24 for float suspension.
As a result, a float structure 30 is obtained in which tank-like floats are suspended from the lower row 12 of the grid-shaped trunk 1 composed of one lower row 12 and one upper row 13 at regular intervals.

Example 4
As shown in FIG. 11, a second example 40 is shown that is used for migrating migratory fish using the float 2 that enables buoyancy adjustment in the same manner as that used in the third embodiment.

  In the case of this example, the upper and lower sides of the float 2 arranged at an appropriate interval are connected by the trunk material 1, the support plate 23 is provided between the upper and lower trunk materials 1, and the float 2 is disposed between the upper and lower support plates 23. And fixed by a wire 24. 4 is a connector for connecting and strengthening the trunk 1 used in the third embodiment in a bent state.

  As a result, a sacrifice with high strength can be obtained while having a relatively simple structure.

  As an example of the floating structure of the present invention, an example in which the trunk material 1 is made into a lattice shape as a floating structure for oyster culture and an example for fish sacrifice in which the trunk material 1 is assembled in a circle are given. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and can be used as a floating pier for small ships by attaching a hard plastic plate or an iron plate to the upper surface of these floating structures.

1 trunk
11 Trunk material for horizontal placement 12 Trunk material in the lower row of grids 13 Trunk material in the upper row of lattice shapes 2 Float
21 Position to fix
22 Band for fixing trunk material 23 Support plate for floating suspension
24 Float suspension wire 25 Seawater inlet 3 Structure unit 31 Fixed band 4 Connector 10, 30 Float structure 20 for oyster culture, 40 Float structure for recreational fish

Claims (6)

  A floating structure in which a trunk made of a plastic material is connected to a float made of a plurality of plastic materials.   The floating structure according to claim 1, wherein the float has a hexahedral shape in which a trunk material mounting portion is formed, and the float is mounted on a trunk material incorporated in a lattice shape.   The floating structure according to claim 1, wherein the float has a cylindrical shape and is suspended and connected to a trunk material incorporated in a lattice shape.   The float according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the float has a foam resin inserted as a float material, and the buoyancy can be adjusted by introducing seawater from a seawater inlet that can be closed provided on an upper surface. Structure.   The trunk material incorporated in the lattice form comprises a plurality of lower rows in which plastic rods having a square cross section are arranged in parallel, and an upper row comprising plastic rods arranged and fixed in parallel perpendicular to the lower rows. Item 4. The floating structure according to Item 1.   The floating structure according to claim 1, wherein at least the plastic material constituting the trunk material is made of plastic waste material.

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