JP2011218245A - Crusher for combustion ash mass - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently crush a bulky mass included in combustion ash.SOLUTION: A crusher for combustion ash mass includes: a bearing member 1 including a function of receiving combustion ash D generated within a furnace of a combustion apparatus by its upper surface section 2; and a pressing means 10 that approaches or breaks away from the upper surface section 2 of the bearing member 1. The bearing member 1 includes a plurality of holes 5 penetrating between the upper surface section 2 and a lower surface section 3. The pressing means 10 includes a function of pressing the bulky mass E that has not passed through the holes 5 from among the combustion ash D received by the upper surface section 2 of the bearing member 1 toward the holes 5 for crushing to a size for passing through the holes 5. The pressing direction to the bulky mass in crushing is oriented toward an upper surface of the bearing member, so that gravity can be utilized in pressing operation by the pressing means. Thus, power required for pressing the bulky mass can be reduced for efficient crushing. Also, since a discharge restriction is provided by the bearing member 1, a compression effect to the bulky mass can be increased.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a combustion ash lump crusher used for crushing lump bodies contained in combustion ash discharged from boilers using solid fuel, such as coal ash lump bodies, in power plants and various plants. It is.

  In boilers that use coal or other solid materials as fuel in power plants and various plants, combustion ash is generated when the fuel burns in the furnace, and the combustion ash is efficiently discharged outside the furnace. It has become.

  However, if the combustion ash contains a lump such as clinker, the delivery of the combustion ash to the outside of the furnace may be hindered and the combustion in the furnace may not proceed sufficiently.

  For this reason, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a pusher for crushing a lump is provided in a furnace of a combustion apparatus that uses a synthetic solid fuel. When this pusher moves in the horizontal direction toward the opposing blade body, the lump contained in the combustion ash in the furnace (first furnace) is crushed, and the crushed material is transferred to the next furnace (second furnace). In the furnace) (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Moreover, the technique which reuses this combustion ash as various raw materials is disclosed.

  For example, in Patent Document 2, fuel ash discharged from a combustion chamber of a coal-fired boiler is once cooled in a cooling tower, finely crushed with a crusher, and then put into a gasification furnace. A technique for returning the generated gas to a combustion chamber of a boiler is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP 2000-55306 A JP 2003-294205 A (paragraph 0039 on page 6, page 1, FIG. 1)

According to the technique of Patent Document 1, since the crushing zone is in the furnace of the combustion apparatus, it is necessary to make the pusher and the like a material that can cope with high heat, and there remains a problem in terms of cost.
Moreover, since the crushing zone is in the furnace, it is difficult to install a sensor or the like. For this reason, a means for detecting the presence of a lump to be processed cannot be provided, and even when a lump does not exist, the pusher is always operated, which is uneconomical. Furthermore, if the crushing zone is in the furnace, maintenance is complicated.

  In this respect, according to the technique described in Patent Document 2, the above-described problem can be solved because the crushing zone is outside the furnace of the combustion apparatus.

  However, even if the crushing zone is arranged outside the furnace of the combustion apparatus, as long as the conventional pusher as described in Patent Document 1 is used, when crushing the lump, the pusher is horizontally directed toward the opposing blade. In order to move in the direction, there is a problem that the power required to move the pusher is large.

  Further, according to the technique described in Patent Document 1, since the shape of the gap between the pusher and the blade body is linear, when the relatively large lump is finely crushed, all the crushed material passes through the gap. Until then, the pusher must be reciprocated many times.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to enable crushing of the lump contained in combustion ash efficiently.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a receiving member having a function of receiving combustion ash generated in a furnace of a combustion apparatus at its upper surface portion, and approaching and separating from above toward the upper surface portion of the receiving member. Pressing means having a function to perform, the receiving member has a plurality of holes penetrating between the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion, and the pressing means is configured to remove the combustion ash received by the upper surface portion of the receiving member. Among them, the structure of a combustion ash lump crusher characterized by having a function of crushing the lump that has not passed through the hole toward the hole so that the lump can be passed through the hole. It was adopted.

According to this structure, since the pressing direction with respect to the lump at the time of crushing turns to the direction which goes to the upper surface of a receiving member, gravity can be utilized in the case of the pressing operation by the pressing means. For this reason, the power required for pressing against the lump can be reduced and efficient crushing can be performed.
In addition, since the discharge is restricted by the receiving member from the upper surface portion side toward the lower surface portion side, the compression effect on the lump is high, and the number of times of pressing by the pressing means (the number of times of advancement / retraction) can be reduced.

In these configurations, as the receiving member, a perforated plate having a large number of holes penetrating in the front and back direction can be employed. As an example of the perforated plate, a lattice member (mesh member), a punching metal, and other members having a large number of through holes can be employed.
By using such a perforated plate, the lump is crushed through a large number of holes distributed so as to expand in a plane and falls from the holes, so there is no need to repeat the reciprocating motion of the pusher as in the past. In addition, the crushing can be efficiently performed with the minimum forward and backward movement of the pressing means.
In addition, since a large number of holes are distributed so as to expand in a plane, it is possible to efficiently crush and crush the entire surface of the hole without any deviation at the edges of the holes without using a sharp blade.

  In addition, by adopting compression crushing for the perforated plate, it is also possible to expect an effect that the lump is less likely to clog the crushing zone. This is because the pore distribution covers a wide area. Even if a part of the block is clogged in the hole, it can be pushed out by the next pressing.

In addition, although the upper surface part of the said receiving member may be arrange | positioned horizontally, it can also provide inclining as follows.
That is, the configuration is such that the receiving member is arranged so that the upper surface portion thereof is inclined, and the lump that has not passed through the hole falls along the upper surface portion and falls to the bottom of the upper surface portion. The pressure means is arranged to face the hole of the pool portion.

  If the upper surface portion that receives the combustion ash is inclined, the lump that cannot pass through the hole is automatically transferred to the pool portion having the pressing means by its own weight. For this reason, during the crushing of the lump at the lowermost part of the receiving member, the ash screening (passing through the holes) is continuously performed on the upper side. Therefore, efficient combustion ash treatment is possible.

  At this time, the inclination angle of the upper surface portion can be freely set. For example, if the structure is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction, the passage of the combustion ash holes and the accumulation of the lump are performed. All transitions are smooth and the most efficient crushing is possible. Note that this angle can be set to, for example, 30 degrees or 60 degrees.

  In each of these configurations, the receiving member is provided outside the combustion device, and a sensor having a function of detecting the presence or absence of a lump is provided in the reservoir, and the pressing is performed by a signal indicating the presence or absence from the sensor. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the means is automatically operated.

  If the receiving member is provided outside the combustion device, it is easy to provide a sensor for detecting the presence or absence of a lump. For this reason, automatic control of a press means is attained.

  Alternatively, a configuration in which the pressing means includes a timer can be employed. By the function of the timer, the pressing means is automatically operated at a specified time or every predetermined time. This timer can also be used in combination with the aforementioned sensor.

  Further, in each of these configurations, the pressing means includes a pusher that can advance and retreat in a direction approaching and moving away from the hole, and the pusher presses the lump by the advance and retreat. The advance / retreat can employ a configuration driven by a cylinder. In particular, when the receiving member is provided outside the combustion apparatus, the influence of heat is small, so that it is easy to adopt a cylinder. As this cylinder, an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc. are employable, for example.

In this invention, since the pressing direction with respect to the lump at the time of crushing is the direction toward the upper surface of the receiving member, gravity can be used toward the upper surface of the receiving member during the pressing operation by the pressing means. For this reason, the power required for pressing against the lump can be reduced and efficient crushing can be performed.
In addition, since the discharge is restricted by the receiving member from the upper surface portion side toward the lower surface portion side, the compression effect on the lump is high, and the number of times of pressing by the pressing means (the number of times of advancement / retraction) can be reduced.

Plan view of one embodiment (A) is a front view of the same embodiment, (b) is an enlarged view of the main part of (a). Right side view of FIG.

  The present invention relates to a combustion ash lump crusher M used for crushing a lump (coal ash lump etc.) E contained in combustion ash (coal ash lump) D discharged from a boiler in a power plant or the like. is there.

  The combustion ash D generated by the combustion of fuel such as coal in the boiler is transported to the crushing zone by transport means 6 such as a conveyor, as shown in FIGS.

  In this embodiment, the conveying means 6 is a water-sealed conveyor, and a lower pulley (not shown) is located in the cooling water stored for cooling the coal ash.

  The combustion ash D cooled with the cooling water falls onto the receiving member 1 from the uppermost part of the conveying means 6 as shown in FIG.

  The receiving member 1 includes a first receiving member 1a positioned relatively above and a second receiving member 1b positioned below.

  The 1st receiving member 1a and the 2nd receiving member 1b are respectively comprised with a plate-shaped perforated plate. In this embodiment, a lattice-like member obtained by joining shaft-like members in a lattice shape is used as the perforated plate. The space between the lattices of the lattice-like member (the space surrounded by the shaft-like members) becomes the holes 5 penetrating the front and back of each receiving member 1a, 1b, and a large number of the holes 5 are provided over the entire surface. ing.

  That is, each hole 5 penetrates in the direction (front and back direction) which connects the upper surface part 2 and the lower surface part 3 in each of the 1st receiving member 1a and the 2nd receiving member 1b.

  Further, the first receiving member 1a and the second receiving member 1b are provided in a downward gradient from the side closer to the conveying means 6 toward the side farther from the side. In this embodiment, the inclination angle is 45 degrees, but other angles can be set.

  The size of each hole 5 (5a, 5b) of the first receiving member 1a and the second receiving member 1b is a size corresponding to the required particle size of the crushed combustion ash D. For this reason, although the magnitude | size of the hole 5 of the 1st receiving member 1a and the 2nd receiving member 1b can also be made into a mutually different magnitude | size, in principle, it sets to the same. Therefore, it can be said that the combustion ash D that has passed through the holes 5 of the first receiving member 1a and the second receiving member 1b is in a state of being crushed to a desired particle size.

  On the 2nd receiving member 1b, the press means 10 which has a function which approaches and leaves | separates from upper direction toward the upper surface part 2 of the 2nd receiving member 1b is provided. These receiving member 1 and pressing means 10 are supported by a frame F.

  The pressing means 10 includes a pusher 11 that can be moved forward and backward in the direction of approaching and moving away from the hole 5 of the second receiving member 1b, and the pusher 11 is a lump E contained in the combustion ash D by the advancement and retraction. Press. The forward / backward direction of the pusher 11 is preferably a direction orthogonal to the surface direction of the upper surface portion 2 of the second receiving member 1b.

  The advance / retreat of the pusher 11 is driven by a cylinder 14. In the case where the receiving member 1 is provided outside the combustion device as in this embodiment, the influence of heat is small, so that it is easy to adopt a cylinder. As this cylinder 14, an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc. are employable, for example.

  The operation of the combustion ash lump crusher M will be described. The combustion ash D including the lump E that has fallen from the conveying means 6 is, as shown in FIG. It hits the upper surface 2 of the receiving member 1a.

  Of the combustion ash D received by the upper surface portion 2 of the first receiving member 1a, the one smaller than the size of the hole 5 passes through the hole 5 and falls downward (arrow a in FIG. 2B). reference). At this time, the first receiving member 1a may be vibrated by the vibrating means. The combustion ash D that has fallen through the hole 5 is placed on the conveying means 8 to the next process through the chute 7.

  The combustion ash D that has not passed through the holes 5 contains a large amount of mass E. As shown by an arrow b in FIG. 2 (b), the combustion ash D containing these lumps E falls down along the upper surface portion 2 by its own weight and automatically moves to the second receiving member 1b. To do. The upper surface portion 2 of the second receiving member 1b has a concave shape, and is a reservoir portion 4 where the combustion ash D including the lump E is accumulated. The reservoir portion 4 is located at the lowermost portion of the upper surface portion 2 of the receiving member 1.

  That is, the combustion ash D including the lump E that has not passed through the hole 5 of the first receiving member 1 a falls along the upper surface portion 2 to the pool portion 4, and the lump 4 is stored in the pool portion 4. Combustion ash D containing E stays.

  The pusher 11 presses the lump E in the pool 4 toward the hole 5 (see the arrow d in FIG. 2B), so that the lump E can pass through the hole 5. It is crushed.

  Since the pressing means 10 is disposed to face the hole 5 of the pool portion 4, the pusher 11 presses the lump E toward the hole 5, so that the hole 5 is not used without using a sharp blade. It is possible to efficiently crush and crush at the edges. The crushed combustion ash D falls through the hole 5 as indicated by an arrow c in FIG. 2B, and the combustion ash D is similarly placed on the conveying means 8 to the next process through the chute 7. .

  In addition, by adopting compression crushing for the lattice-like member (perforated plate) as described above, an effect that the block E is not easily clogged in the crushing zone can be expected. This is because the distribution of the holes 5 covers a wide range along the surface direction of the upper surface portion 2. Even if a part of the block E is clogged in the hole 5, it can be pushed out to the lower surface portion 3 side by the next press of the pusher 11 that repeatedly advances and retreats.

  In this embodiment, the reservoir 4 is provided with a sensor 15 having a function of detecting the presence or absence of the block E. Since the receiving member 1 is provided outside the combustion device, such a configuration can be employed. As the sensor 15, for example, an optical sensor, a contact sensor, or the like can be employed.

  For example, if the sensor 15 detects that there is an object at that position, the object is a block E that cannot pass through the hole 5, and therefore a signal indicating that the block E is in the pool 4 is transmitted. When an object cannot be detected, it can be configured not to send a signal.

  A control means (not shown) can automatically operate the rod 13 of the cylinder 14 of the pressing means 10 by a signal indicating the presence or absence of the block E from the sensor 15.

  That is, the control means that has received a signal that there is a lump E in the reservoir 4 advances the rod 13 of the cylinder 14 and advances the pusher 11 toward the member 1 side. By the advancement of the pusher 11, the lump E is pressed toward the second receiving member 1b. When the pressing is finished, the rod 13 is retracted and the pusher 11 is also retracted. At this time, if the signal indicating that the block E is present in the reservoir 4 is continuously transmitted, the advancing / retreating is continued, and this advancing / retreating is performed until the signal transmission stops (arrow in FIG. 2 (b)). d).

  Instead of or in addition to the control by the sensor 15, the pressing means 10 can be provided with a timer. That is, by the function of the timer, the rod 13 of the cylinder 14 of the pressing means 10 is automatically advanced and retracted at a specified time or at regular intervals.

  In these embodiments, as the receiving member 1, the first receiving member 1 a and the second receiving member 1 b are separate members, and the pressing means 10 against the second receiving member 1 b positioned below the receiving member 1. However, a configuration in which the first receiving member 1a and the second receiving member 1b are not separated into a receiving member 1 made of an integral member is also conceivable. Moreover, the structure which made the surface direction of the upper surface part 2 become horizontal, without inclining the receiving member 1 which consists of such each structure is also possible.

  Further, the receiving member 1 is not limited to the lattice-like member of this embodiment, and a punching metal or the like can be adopted. When the receiving member 1 made of these punching metals or the like is used, the upper surface portion 2 is preferably a flat surface, but the combustion ash D falls into the hole 5 or the lump E is accumulated. There may be some unevenness to the extent that does not affect the fall (when the receiving member 1 is inclined).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Receiving member 1a 1st receiving member 1b 2nd receiving member 2 Upper surface part 3 Lower surface part 4 Reserving part 5, 5a, 5b Hole 6 Conveying means 10 Pressing means 11 Pusher 12 Guide rod 13 Cylinder rod 14 Cylinder 15 Sensor D Combustion Ash (coal ash)
E lump (coal ash lump)
F frame M combustion ash lump crusher

Claims (6)

  A receiving member (1) having a function of receiving the combustion ash (D) generated in the furnace of the combustion device at its upper surface portion (2), and approaching from above toward the upper surface portion (2) of the receiving member (1) And a pressing means (10) having a function of separating, the receiving member (1) has a plurality of holes (5) penetrating between the upper surface portion (2) and the lower surface portion (3), Of the combustion ash (D) received by the upper surface portion (2) of the receiving member (1), the pressing means (10) removes the mass (E) that has not passed through the hole (5) as the hole ( A combustion ash lump crusher having a function of crushing the lump (E) into a size that can pass through the hole (5) by pressing toward 5).   The combustion ash lump crusher according to claim 1, wherein the receiving member (1) is a perforated plate provided with a large number of the holes (5) penetrating in the front and back direction.   The receiving member (1) is arranged such that the upper surface portion (2) is inclined, and the lump (E) that has not passed through the hole (5) is along the upper surface portion (2). It falls and reaches the reservoir (4) provided at the lowermost part of the upper surface (2), and the pressing means (10) is arranged to face the hole (5) of the reservoir (4). The combustion ash lump crusher of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The receiving member (1) is provided outside the combustion device, and the reservoir (4) is provided with a sensor (15) having a function of detecting the presence or absence of a lump (E). The combustion ash lump crusher according to claim 3, wherein the pressing means (10) is automatically operated by a signal indicating the presence or absence.   5. The pressing means (10) includes a timer, and the pressing means (10) is automatically operated at a specified time or every predetermined time by a function of the timer. The combustion ash lump crusher as described in any one of.   The pressing means (10) includes a pusher (11) that can advance and retreat in a direction toward and away from the hole (5), and the pusher (11) presses the block (E) by the advancement and retraction. The combustion ash lump crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pusher (11) is advanced and retracted by a cylinder.

Images