JP2011209439A - Musical instrument mounted type playing support device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To support playing of a musical instrument based on a player's intention.SOLUTION: A musical instrument mounted type playing support device 10 is configured so as to support playing of an ordinary musical instrument 20, and also configured of: an exhalation sensor 30; a control device 40; and a fingering module 50. A control unit 70 of the control device 40 has a storage part 150, a battery 210, an input device 220, and a microcomputer 230. The microcomputer 230 has discrimination means 160, sound selection means 170, control means 180, instruction means 190, and musical piece extraction means 200. The control means 180 executes a control program for outputting a driving signal to an electromagnetic solenoid 80 of the fingering module 50 corresponding to the kind of sound selected by the sound selection means 170 at the timing of change in expiratory pressure discriminated by the discrimination means 160.

Description

  The present invention relates to a musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus and a control method thereof that support an operation performed by a performer according to a performance music.

  For example, a performer who is playing a musical instrument for the first time is not used to operating the musical instrument, so practice begins without knowing how to play a practice song. In addition, some beginners do not know how to operate a musical instrument, and may not be able to read a score accurately. As described above, the performance support apparatus that supports the operation of the performer analyzes the performance sound of the musical instrument, calculates the information of the chord included in the performance sound, stores the pre-stored chord information, the calculated chord information, There is a device that evaluates a performance sound based on the degree of approximation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, the pressure of the hollow blowing body that gives vibration to the internal air according to the vibration of the performer's lips is detected, and air is supplied to the inside of the blowing body by the detection signal, so that the performance with a low expiratory pressure is achieved. There is an apparatus that supports performance by a person (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2009-47816 A JP 2008-197227 A

  In the performance support apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the performance sound is analyzed and evaluated to notify the player whether the original song is being played correctly. Since the purpose is to increase the accuracy, there is a problem that it is difficult to effectively support beginners who do not know how to operate a musical instrument.

  In the performance support apparatus described in Patent Document 2, air pressure is supplied to the operation unit of the musical instrument to increase the volume of the musical instrument. Unlike a player who plays a normal musical instrument, the musical instrument itself is not used. There was a problem that the machine was remodeled and the machine felt as if it were playing, and the player was not satisfied.

  Conventionally, even when a performer is a beginner or when the performer has difficulty in hand or finger operation, it is difficult to support the performance in accordance with the intention of the performer.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus and a control method thereof that solve the above-described problems.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following means.
(1) The present invention includes an expiration detection means for detecting an expiration pressure of a player who plays a musical instrument,
Storage means for storing musical score data of a song to be played by the instrument;
Discriminating means for discriminating a change in expiratory pressure detected by the exhalation detecting means;
A plurality of driving means individually connected to each operation section of the musical instrument;
Sound selection means for selecting the type of sound to be played next from the musical score data stored in the storage means at the timing of change in expiratory pressure determined by the determination means;
Control means for outputting a drive signal to the drive means corresponding to the type of sound selected by the sound selection means at the timing of change in expiratory pressure determined by the determination means;
It is provided with.
(2) The expiration detection means of the present invention is a pressure sensor that outputs a detection signal corresponding to a change in expiration pressure generated by the performer,
The discrimination means discriminates the rise and fall of the detection signal from the pressure sensor, and generates a signal indicating the timing of sound switching.
(3) The storage means of the present invention stores score data of a plurality of songs,
Instruction means for instructing musical score data of an arbitrary song from the plurality of songs as a performance song;
When a musical piece is instructed by the instruction unit, a musical piece extraction unit that extracts the musical score data of one piece of music designated from among a plurality of pieces of music stored in the storage unit;
It is provided with.
(4) The drive means of the present invention is characterized in that it has a locking portion that is locked at a predetermined location constituting the musical instrument.
(5) The driving means of the present invention comprises:
An electromagnetic solenoid that is excited or demagnetized by a drive signal from the control means;
A transmission member having one end connected to the operation unit and the other end connected to a plunger of the electromagnetic solenoid;
It is characterized by having.
(6) The determination means, the sound selection means, and the control means of the present invention comprise a control program executed by a microcomputer housed in a control unit,
The control unit is equipped with a battery for supplying power to the microcomputer and driving means.
(7) The present invention comprises a storage means for storing musical score data of a song to be played by an instrument;
A control method for a musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus, comprising: a plurality of driving means individually connected to each operation unit of the musical instrument;
Procedure 1 for detecting expiratory pressure by a player who plays the instrument;
Procedure 2 for determining a change in the exhalation pressure of the performer;
Procedure 3 for selecting the type of sound to be played next from the musical score data stored in the storage means at the timing of change in expiratory pressure determined in Procedure 2;
A procedure 4 for outputting a drive signal to the drive means corresponding to the type of sound selected by the procedure 3 at the timing of the change in expiratory pressure determined by the procedure 2;
It is characterized by performing.

  According to the present invention, the type of sound to be played next is selected from the musical score data stored in the storage means at the timing of the change in expiratory pressure, and the drive signal to the drive means corresponding to the selected sound type Therefore, it is possible to support the performance of the instrument by changing the expiratory pressure of the performer, and the expiratory pressure of the performer is detected even if the beginner is not familiar with the performance or the hand or finger is inconvenient. This makes it possible to perform with a normal musical instrument mainly composed of the performer, and to enhance the performer's satisfaction by playing the normal musical instrument.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows one Example of the musical instrument mounting | wearing type performance support apparatus by this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of a fingering module typically. It is a figure which shows typically the attaching part of a fingering module. It is a figure which shows the breath sensor provided in the mouthpiece. It is a figure which shows the structure of a control unit. It is a wave form diagram of an expiration detection signal of an expiration sensor. It is a wave form diagram which shows the amplitude of a performance sound. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an expiration pressure detection process. It is a flowchart for demonstrating a performance assistance control process.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the instrument-mounted performance support device 10 is configured to support the performance of a normal musical instrument 20, and includes an expiration sensor (expiration detection means) 30, a control device 40, and a fingering. The module (drive means) 50 is comprised. In this embodiment, the saxophone is described as a musical instrument 20 that is supported for performance because it is widely used as a wind instrument. However, the present invention may be applied to other instruments such as clarinet, flute, and trumpet. Can be applied.

  The expiration sensor 30 is a pressure sensor that detects the expiration pressure of the player X and outputs an expiration detection signal corresponding to the expiration pressure. Since the musical instrument 20 of the present embodiment is a wind instrument that generates sound by the expiratory pressure of the player X, it can be played as the intensity of the sound by the change of the expiratory pressure, and the performance timing and performance rhythm of the player X are detected. It is also possible to do.

  In addition, the control device 40 includes an amplifier 60 and a control unit 70. The amplifier 60 amplifies the exhalation detection signal from the exhalation sensor 30 by, for example, 400 times to 500 times, and an amplification factor is set according to the output level of the exhalation detection signal. As will be described later, the control unit 70 includes means for executing various control programs, a storage unit, and a battery.

  Further, the control device 40 and the fingering module 50 are reduced in size and weight, and are attached at positions that do not interfere with the performance of the musical instrument 20. Therefore, the performer X does not need to change the performance method due to the presence of the control device 40 and the fingering module 50, and can perform in the same manner as a normal musical instrument.

  FIG. 2A is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of the fingering module. As shown in FIG. 2A, the fingering module 50 includes an electromagnetic solenoid 80 and a transmission member 90. The electromagnetic solenoid 80 includes a cylindrical coil 82 and a plunger 84 inserted into the coil 82, and one end of a transmission member 90 is connected to the tip of the plunger 84. The transmission member 90 is made of, for example, a metal wire such as a piano wire, and the other end is connected to the operation unit 100. The transmission member 90 may be a metal rod, for example, but it is desirable to use a material that is as thin as possible so as not to interfere with performance.

  The operation unit 100 is provided corresponding to the sound hole for each key of a normal saxophone that is commercially available. When the player X presses the operation unit 100 with a fingertip, the sound hole 22 is closed and the performance sound of the key is emitted from the opening of the morning glory tube.

  In this embodiment, fingering modules 50 are attached to the musical instrument 20 at three places for left-hand operation and at four places for right-hand operation.

  The electromagnetic solenoid 80 generates an electromagnetic force that drives the operation unit 100 in the A direction when the coil 82 is supplied with current by the drive signal from the control unit 70 and excited. Further, when the current supply to the coil 82 is turned off, the electromagnetic force is lost, and the operation unit 100 is returned to the B direction by the return spring provided from the instrument 20.

  In addition, since the electronic solenoid 80 and the operation unit 100 are connected to the electromagnetic solenoid 80 by a transmission member 90 that can be displaced in the driving direction (A and B directions), the player X himself / herself watches the score. However, when the operation unit 100 is pressed, the fingering module 50 does not hinder the fingering operation, and the operation of the operation unit 100 by the player's fingering operation hinders the driving of the fingering module 50. There is nothing.

  FIG. 2B is a diagram schematically illustrating an attachment portion of the fingering module. As shown in FIG. 2B, the fingering module 50 is fixed to, for example, a center bar 120 arranged on the right side of the musical instrument 20. The electromagnetic solenoid 80 is accommodated in an insulating resin case 110. The resin case 110 that houses the electromagnetic solenoid 80 has a pair of locking portions 102 and 104 that are locked to the center rod 120. Since the pair of locking portions 102 and 104 are formed of an elastic resin material, they can be attached and detached relatively easily.

  Therefore, when it is desired to change the installation location of the fingering module 50, it can be easily removed simply by spreading the locking portions 102, 104 outward, and can be locked at another location. Further, the resin case 110 can be locked to a portion having irregularities other than the center bar 120 by the locking portions 102 and 104.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing an exhalation sensor provided on the mouthpiece. As shown in FIG. 3, the mouthpiece 130 of the musical instrument 20 is provided with a passage through which exhaled air that the player X blows out from the mouth passes.

  Further, one end of a tube 132 for deriving exhalation communicates with the outside of the mouthpiece 130, and the other end of the tube 132 communicates with the exhalation sensor 30. Accordingly, when the performer X blows out exhalation while holding the mouthpiece 130 in the mouth, an exhalation detection signal is output from the exhalation sensor 30 and sound is generated from the instrument 20.

  The breath sensor 30 is fixed to the musical instrument 20 by a fastening belt 140, and is held so as not to rattle during performance.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the control unit. As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 70 includes a storage unit 150, a battery 210, an input device 220, and a microcomputer 230. The microcomputer 230 includes a determination unit 160, a sound selection unit 170, a control unit 180, an instruction unit 190, and a performance song extraction unit 200.

  The storage unit 150 stores musical score data of a plurality of songs to be played by the musical instrument 20. Each piece of music stored in the storage unit 150 is managed by a preset code number, and when a code number is input by the input device 220, a musical score stored in a storage area corresponding to the code number is stored. Data can be read out.

  The discriminating means 160 includes a control program that discriminates changes in the expiratory pressure detected by the exhalation sensor 30. In this embodiment, by setting a threshold value P1 to be described later, when the expiration pressure detected by the expiration sensor 30 becomes equal to or higher than the threshold value P1, a rising signal of the expiration pressure is output and the call detected by the expiration sensor 30 is output. When the atmospheric pressure becomes less than the threshold value P1, a falling signal of the expiratory pressure is output.

  The sound selection means 170 is the timing of the sound to be played next from the musical score data stored in the storage unit 150 at the timing of the change in the expiratory pressure determined by the determination means 160 (when the falling signal of the expiratory pressure is output). Consists of a control program that selects the type.

  The control unit 180 outputs a drive signal to the electromagnetic solenoid 80 of the fingering module 50 corresponding to the type of sound selected by the sound selection unit 170 at the timing of the change in expiratory pressure determined by the determination unit 160. Consists of.

  For example, when a code for designating a song to be played is input by the input device 220 including a switch, a remote controller, or the like, the instruction unit 190 selects an arbitrary song corresponding to the chord from a plurality of songs. Outputs a signal that indicates the performance song.

  When the performer X designates a song (code number) to be performed by the input device 220, the performance song extracting unit 200 corresponds to one song designated from the plurality of songs stored in the storage unit 150. It consists of a control program that extracts musical score data to be played as musical score data of the performance music.

  FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of an expiration detection signal of the expiration sensor. As shown in FIG. 5, the exhalation signal output from the exhalation sensor 30 has a waveform I that is almost a rectangular wave. This has a characteristic that when the performer X blows exhalation into the mouthpiece 130, it blows consciously strongly, so that the on / off of the expiratory pressure can be clearly distinguished.

  For example, in the waveform I shown in FIG. 5, when the expiratory pressure is almost zero, the player X has not blown out the expiratory air to the mouthpiece 130, so the expiratory pressure is close to zero (atmospheric pressure) as the threshold value P1. Set to. If the output level of the detection signal of the expiration sensor 30 is equal to or higher than the threshold value P1, it can be determined that the expiration pressure is on. If the output level of the detection signal of the expiration sensor 30 is less than the threshold value P1, the expiration pressure is determined. It can be determined that it is off.

  In this way, it is possible to accurately detect the expiration pressure T1 to T4 (indicated by circles in FIG. 5) based on the change in the output level of the detection signal of the expiration sensor 30. The timings T1 to T4 are performance sound switching timings by the performer himself and can be used as a trigger for a rhythm (the length from the start point of a sound to the start point of the next sound).

  FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing the amplitude of the performance sound. As shown in FIG. 6, the waveform II of the performance sound of the musical instrument 20 rises at substantially the same timing as the waveform I of FIG. 5 and falls at almost the same timing. Therefore, in the musical instrument 20, the performance sound is turned on or off at the same timing T1 to T4 as the change in the expiratory pressure of the player X. Therefore, the rise and fall of the exhalation signal output from the exhalation sensor 30 is discriminated, and the electromagnetic solenoid 80 of the fingering module 50 is switched on or off at the discriminating timings T1 to T4. It becomes possible to support the sound with the player's own rhythm.

  The control device 40 of the present embodiment performs the expiratory pressure detection process shown in FIG. 7 and the performance support control process shown in FIG. 8 in parallel, and is performed by the fingering module 50 using the expiratory pressure from the player X as a trigger. Control performance support operations.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the expiratory pressure detection process. As shown in FIG. 7, the control device 40 reads the expiration detection signal from the expiration sensor 30 in S11. In the next S12, it is checked whether or not the expiration detection signal is equal to or greater than a threshold value P1 (see FIG. 5) (determination means 160). In S12, when the expiration detection signal is equal to or higher than the threshold value P1 (in the case of YES), the process proceeds to S13, where the rising of the expiration pressure is detected and the rising detection signal is output. In S12, when the expiration detection signal is not equal to or higher than the threshold value P1 (in the case of NO), there is no expiration pressure, and the process returns to S11.

  Subsequently, in S14, the expiration detection signal from the expiration sensor 30 is read, and in the next S15, it is checked whether or not the expiration detection signal is less than a threshold value P1 (see FIG. 5) (determination means 160). In S15, when the expiration detection signal is equal to or higher than the threshold value P1 (in the case of NO), there is an expiration pressure (with performance sound), and the process returns to S14. In S15, when the expiration detection signal is less than the threshold value P1 (in the case of YES), the process proceeds to S16, the falling of the expiration pressure is detected, and the falling detection signal (tanging detection) is output.

  Therefore, by detecting the falling edge of the exhalation detection signal from the exhalation sensor 30, it is possible to determine that the player X has performed a tangling (sounding) operation due to a change in the exhalation pressure.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the performance support control process. In FIG. 8, the control device 40 checks whether or not there is an instruction input for a song to be played in S21 (instruction means 190). In S21, when the chord number of an arbitrary song is instructed from the input device 220 (in the case of YES), the process proceeds to S22, and the musical score data corresponding to the chord number of the instructed song is extracted from the storage unit 150 (performance music piece). Extraction means 200).

  In the next S23, the musical score data extracted from the storage unit 150 is set as a performance song. Subsequently, the process proceeds to S24, and it is checked whether or not a rising edge detection signal is input (see the process in S13). In S24, when the rising detection signal is input (in the case of YES), the process proceeds to S25, and a drive signal is sent to the electromagnetic solenoid 80 of the fingering module 50 corresponding to the first sound of the musical score data set as the performance music. Output. Thereby, the electromagnetic solenoid 80 is excited and transmits the driving force to the transmission member 90 and the operation unit 100 (see FIG. 2A). Therefore, the operation unit 100 is driven in the A direction, the sound hole 22 of the musical instrument 20 is closed, and the sound of the musical score data is generated. Note that there are cases where one operation unit 100 is operated by sound and two or three operation units 100 are operated simultaneously, and a plurality of fingering modules 50 may be driven simultaneously according to each sound.

  Therefore, in the musical instrument 20, the operation unit 100 is driven in the A direction at the timing of the rise of the expiratory pressure of the player X, and a vibration sound due to the expiratory pressure blown from the mouthpiece 130 is generated as a performance sound. At this time, the player X can recognize that the operation unit 100 is driven and the sound of the score data is generated by bringing the fingertip into contact with the operation unit 100. Therefore, even when the player X does not know the operation of the musical instrument 20 or does not know the score, it is possible to experience the relationship between the movement of each operation unit 100 and the generated sound. Knowing which of 100 should be operated, you can practice fingering effectively.

  In S26, it is checked whether or not a falling detection signal (tanging detection) has been input (see the process in S16). In S26, when a falling detection signal is input (in the case of YES), the expiratory pressure of the player X decreases and the sound is cut off (tanging), and the process proceeds to S27, and the next musical score data set as the performance music is used. A sound is selected (sound selection means 170). When the expiratory pressure decreases, the performance sound of the musical instrument 20 also decreases. However, until the next sound comes out, the driving force of the electromagnetic solenoid 80 is gradually decreased so that the performance sound and the next sound are reduced. It is good also as a through so as to smooth the change of sound between.

  Subsequently, in S28, it is checked whether or not a rising edge detection signal has been input. When the rising detection signal is input in S28 (in the case of YES), it is determined that the next sound is generated because the performer X blows the expiratory pressure into the mouthpiece 130 of the musical instrument 20, and the process proceeds to S29. The driving signal corresponding to the next selected sound is output to the electromagnetic solenoid 80 of the fingering module 50. Thereby, the selected electromagnetic solenoid 80 is excited and transmits the driving force to the transmission member 90 and the operation unit 100 (see FIG. 2A). Therefore, the operation unit 100 is driven in the A direction, the sound hole 22 of the musical instrument 20 is closed, and the next sound of the score data is generated.

  In the next S30, it is checked whether or not the performance of the last sound of the score data has been completed. In S30, when the performance of the last sound of the score data is not finished (in the case of NO), the process returns to S26 and the processes of S26 to S30 are repeated.

  In S30, when the performance of the last sound of the score data is finished (in the case of YES), the process proceeds to S31, and it is checked whether or not the same song is played again. In S31, when the performer X operates the input device 220 and designates the same song again as a performance song (in the case of YES), the process returns to S24 without performing the performance song setting process, and S24-S31. Repeat the process. In S31, when there is no re-play input (in the case of NO), the process proceeds to S32 and it is checked whether or not the performance is finished. In S32, when the performer X operates the input device 220 to input the end of performance (in the case of YES), the current control process is terminated. If the end of the performance is not input in S32 (in the case of NO), the process returns to the process of S21, and the processes after S21 are executed.

  Thus, even if the player X does not know which operation unit 100 should be operated by changing the expiratory pressure blown into the mouthpiece 130 of the musical instrument 20, the player X can freely perform any performance. It becomes possible to play a song, and satisfaction can be obtained by playing. Furthermore, even if the performer X has, for example, one hand is incapable or some fingers of the hand are incapacitated, the expiratory pressure can be obtained in the same manner as a normal person by using the instrument-equipped performance support device 10. It is possible to play any song by changing.

  In the above embodiment, the configuration using the saxophone is given as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to other musical instruments (for example, clarinet, flute, trumpet, etc.).

  The present invention can also be applied to musical instruments other than wind instruments. For example, by providing driving means similar to the fingering module 50 on a piano keyboard, the player X can select a musical performance It is also possible to play the piano by changing the expiratory pressure with a rhythm corresponding to the rhythm.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Musical instrument mounting type performance support apparatus 20 Musical instrument 22 Sound hole 30 Exhalation sensor (exhalation detection means)
40 control device 50 fingering module (driving means)
60 Amplifier 70 Control unit 80 Electromagnetic solenoid 82 Coil 84 Plunger 90 Transmission member 100 Operation part 102, 104 Locking part 110 Resin case 120 Center rod 130 Mouthpiece 132 Tube 140 Fastening belt 150 Storage part 160 Discriminating means 170 Sound selection means 180 Control Means 190 Instruction means 200 Performance music extraction means 210 Battery 220 Input device 230 Microcomputer

Claims (7)

Breath detection means for detecting the exhalation pressure of a player who plays the instrument;
Storage means for storing musical score data of a song to be played by the instrument;
Discriminating means for discriminating a change in expiratory pressure detected by the exhalation detecting means;
A plurality of driving means individually connected to each operation section of the musical instrument;
Sound selection means for selecting the type of sound to be played next from the musical score data stored in the storage means at the timing of change in expiratory pressure determined by the determination means;
Control means for outputting a drive signal to the drive means corresponding to the type of sound selected by the sound selection means at the timing of change in expiratory pressure determined by the determination means;
A musical instrument-equipped performance support apparatus characterized by comprising: The expiration detection means is a pressure sensor that outputs a detection signal corresponding to a change in expiration pressure generated by the performer,
The instrument-equipped performance according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit determines a rising edge and a falling edge of a detection signal from the pressure sensor, and outputs a signal indicating a sound switching timing. Support device. The storage means stores score data of a plurality of songs,
Instruction means for instructing musical score data of an arbitrary song from the plurality of songs as a performance song;
When a musical piece is instructed by the instruction unit, a musical piece extraction unit that extracts the musical score data of one piece of music designated from among a plurality of pieces of music stored in the storage unit;
The musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:   4. The musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the driving means includes a locking portion that is locked at a predetermined location constituting the musical instrument. The driving means includes
An electromagnetic solenoid that is excited or demagnetized by a drive signal from the control means;
A transmission member having one end connected to the operation unit and the other end connected to a plunger of the electromagnetic solenoid;
The musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: The discriminating means, the sound selecting means, and the control means comprise a control program executed by a microcomputer provided in a control unit,
6. A musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit includes a battery for supplying power to the microcomputer and the driving means. Storage means for storing musical score data of a song to be played by an instrument;
A control method for a musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus, comprising: a plurality of driving means individually connected to each operation unit of the musical instrument;
Procedure 1 for detecting expiratory pressure by a player who plays the instrument;
Procedure 2 for determining a change in the exhalation pressure of the performer;
Procedure 3 for selecting the type of sound to be played next from the musical score data stored in the storage means at the timing of change in expiratory pressure determined in Procedure 2;
A procedure 4 for outputting a drive signal to the drive means corresponding to the type of sound selected by the procedure 3 at the timing of the change in expiratory pressure determined by the procedure 2;
A control method for a musical instrument-mounted performance support apparatus, characterized in that

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