JP2011208022A - Braided rope for sealing coke oven opening and sealing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a braided rope sealable of a gap formed at an opening of a coke oven stably for a long time and a sealing method to use the rope.SOLUTION: A refractory inorganic staple fiber is blended with an organic fiber, the blended yarn is twisted with a core wire to form a single yarn, one or multiple single yarns are twisted with a core yarn to form a doubled and twisted yarn, a plurality of the doubled and twisted yarns are twisted to form a yarn rope, and an inner core produced by using the yarn rope is covered with a covering material composed of a refractory inorganic continuous filament to obtain the braided rope for sealing the coke oven opening and having density of ≥650 kg/m. The sealing method comprises combining the braided rope with refractory mortar, and sealing a gap formed between constructional elements of the coke oven opening with the combined material.

Description

  The present invention relates to a braided rope for sealing for preventing leakage of gas in the furnace from the furnace opening portion of the coke oven to the outside of the furnace, and for preventing air from being sucked into the furnace from the furnace opening portion, and the rope. The present invention relates to a sealing method using.

  When coal is carbonized in a coke oven, coke oven gas is generated and the pressure in the oven is changed. Specifically, the gas pressure in the furnace after coal insertion is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, but it is close to vacuum before leaving the kiln. As a result, after the coal is inserted, the dry carbonization gas in the furnace flows out from the kiln opening and causes a deterioration of the working environment. Before the kiln is discharged, the atmosphere is sucked in, thereby reducing the yield due to coke combustion and the furnace. It may cause a decrease in internal temperature.

  FIG. 1 shows a typical example of a portion requiring a seal in the coke oven kiln opening. Generally, a furnace frame 1 in which a knife edge of a furnace lid (not shown) that closes the furnace opening is attached to a furnace body 3 made of bricks is attached to a furnace body 3 made of bricks in a furnace mouth portion of a coke oven. In general, a gap is formed between these components in the kiln opening. That is, since gaps are formed between the furnace frame 1 and the protection plate 2 and between the protection plate 2 and the furnace body 3, it is necessary to seal them. Further, when the protective plate is not used, it is necessary to seal a gap formed between the furnace frame 1 and the furnace body 3. However, the cast iron furnace frame, which can reach several meters in height, may be deformed by the thermal cycle during operation, and the parts that need to be sealed are subject to severe conditions such as a maximum temperature of about 800 ° C. In addition, since a long-term sealing performance of several months to several years is required, various studies have been carried out on the sealing method.

  As a typical example of the conventional sealing method, the furnace frame is formed in a state where an asbestos rope having a diameter larger than the gap is sandwiched in a predetermined position in the gap formed in the mouth portion of the coke oven as described above. There is a method of sealing by setting or forcing it with an electric chipper or the like. The asbestos rope that was pinched or driven in was deformed and adhered to the furnace frame, protective plate, and furnace body to provide a sealing property.

  However, asbestos is a carcinogenic substance that adversely affects the human body, so its use is prohibited. In recent years, ropes made from ceramic fibers, which are inorganic fibers with high-temperature fire resistance, have been adopted as a substitute for asbestos ropes. It became so. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a ceramic fiber rope-shaped packing is used as a seal between a furnace frame and a furnace body of a coke oven. However, the general ceramic fiber rope described in Patent Document 1 has high air permeability to be used as a sealant for the coke oven kiln opening portion. For this reason, in Patent Document 1, a high-temperature heat-resistant expansion sheet is used. Combined and sealed. Details of the high-temperature heat-resistant expansion sheet in this document are unknown, but the effect is limited unless the sealing performance of the ceramic fiber rope that plays the most important role in securing the sealing performance of the furnace frame is improved. It is estimated that the construction of a plurality of types of sealing materials increases the work load.

  Patent Document 2 describes a nonflammable rope in which a core made of ceramic fiber or the like is covered with glass fiber. However, the non-combustible rope having the glass fiber described in Patent Document 2 as a covering material has a heat resistance of the glass fiber of about 500 to 600 ° C., compared with 800 ° C. which is the maximum temperature of the coke oven kiln. Low. For this reason, there arises a problem that the sealing performance deteriorates because the coating material deteriorates or melts during use.

  As an example in which a rope-shaped sealing material is not used, Patent Document 3 discloses a method of sealing by filling a space with heat-resistant mortar. However, although the method of filling the mortar described in Patent Document 3 is excellent in workability, the mortar expands and contracts due to the thermal load, and due to thermal deformation of the furnace frame and the protection plate, There is a case where cracks occur in the mortar and the sealing performance is lowered, and there is a problem that it is difficult to ensure the sealing performance stably for a long period of time.

JP-A-5-148487 JP-A-9-302593 JP-A-61-223087

  The present invention provides a braided rope capable of stably sealing a gap formed in a coke oven kiln opening for a long period of time, and a sealing method using the rope.

As a result of intensive studies on the braided rope for gap sealing formed in the coke oven kiln opening portion, the present inventors remarkably improve the sealing performance by forming the braided rope so that the density becomes a predetermined value. As a result, the present invention has been completed. Incidentally, according to the investigation by the present inventors, the density of the conventional braided rope for the coke oven kiln opening part is 600 kg / m ³ or less.
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.

(1) A braided rope for sealing a coke oven kiln opening portion used to fill a gap formed between components in the coke oven kiln opening portion, in which refractory inorganic short fibers and organic fibers are mixed. The yarn is twisted together with the core wire to form a single yarn, one or a plurality of single yarns are twisted together with the core yarn to form a twisted yarn, and a plurality of twisted yarns are twisted to form a yarn rope, which is formed using the yarn rope. A braided rope for sealing a coke oven kiln opening characterized by having a density of 650 kg / m ³ or more by covering the core with a covering material composed of refractory inorganic continuous fibers.
(2) A braided rope for sealing a coke oven kiln opening as described in (1), wherein a plurality of yarn ropes are twisted to form a core.
(3) The braided rope for sealing the coke oven kiln opening according to (1) or (2), wherein the core wire is made of a fireproof inorganic continuous fiber.
(4) The braid for sealing a coke oven kiln opening according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the refractory inorganic short fibers are made of an Al ₂ O ₃ —SiO ₂ material. rope.
(5) The braided rope for sealing a coke oven opening according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the coating material is made of silica fiber.
(6) Filling the gap formed between the constituent members in the coke oven kiln opening with the refractory mortar containing inorganic fibers after applying the blade rope according to any one of (1) to (5). The sealing method in the coke oven kiln opening characterized by these.

A blend of refractory inorganic short fibers and organic fibers is twisted together with the core wire to form a single yarn, then twisted together with the core yarn to make a twisted yarn, and a plurality of these twisted yarns are twisted together to form the core The braided rope in which the core is coated with a refractory inorganic continuous fiber so as to have a density of 650 kg / m ³ or more is extremely excellent in sealing properties, and the refractory inorganic continuous coating covers the core. By using silica fiber as the fiber, the sealing performance is further improved. In addition, after these braid ropes are installed in the voids of the coke oven kiln, filling with mortar containing inorganic fibers can stably maintain the sealing performance for a long time with respect to the kiln mouth of the coke oven. It becomes possible.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a braid rope is applied to a gap formed between constituent members in a kiln opening portion of a coke oven and mortar is filled. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating components in the process up to the production of the braided rope core. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the braided rope. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an apparatus for evaluating the sealing performance of the ropes of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6. FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an apparatus for evaluating the sealability of Examples 9 to 14 and Comparative Examples 7 to 8.

  Hereinafter, the braided rope of the present invention and the sealing method using the rope will be described in more detail with preferred embodiments.

The braided rope of the present invention can be produced by the following procedure. First, a blend of refractory inorganic short fibers and organic fibers is twisted together with a core wire to produce a single yarn as shown in FIG. The refractory inorganic short fibers referred to here are, for example, ceramic fibers, biosoluble fibers composed of alkaline earth metal oxides and silica (for example, Super Wool made by Shin Nippon Thermal Ceramics), blast furnace slag and rocks as raw materials. However, ceramic fibers are most preferable because the use temperature is 800 ° C. at the maximum and the strength to withstand driving is required when performing the driving. Note that the ceramic fibers, in the broad sense including such as alumina fiber and zirconia fiber, in the narrow sense of alumina - refers to fibers of silica, typical chemical composition Al ₂ O ₃ 45 wt%, SiO ₂ is 55 mass %, Or Al ₂ O ₃ is 35% by mass, SiO ₂ is 50% by mass, and ZrO ₂ is 15% by mass. Most preferred in the present invention is a ceramic fiber in a narrow sense. Moreover, the short fiber said here means that it is not a continuous fiber, and the various fibers mentioned as an example are generally manufactured as a short fiber.

  When producing a single yarn from these refractory inorganic short fibers, the yarn is first blended with an organic fiber and twisted together with a core wire. Asbestos has an average fiber diameter of 1 μm or less, so it is possible to produce single yarn without blending with organic fibers. A single yarn cannot be produced unless it is blended with fibers. The organic fiber is added so that the ceramic fibers are easily entangled when the ceramic fibers are twisted together. Specifically, rayon, polyester, or the like can be used. The core wire is preferably a heat-resistant inorganic continuous fiber such as a glass fiber continuous fiber. In the case of the core wire, unlike the coating material, the effect on the sealing performance is very small, so there is no problem with the glass fiber.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), one or a plurality of single yarns and a core yarn are twisted together to produce a twisted yarn. A material having high strength is preferable as the core yarn, a metal wire such as a stainless steel wire is most preferable, and glass fiber is also applicable. Furthermore, a yarn rope as shown in FIG.2 (c) is produced by twisting together several twisted yarns. Next, as shown in FIG.2 (d), the core of predetermined thickness is produced by twisting a plurality of yarn ropes. At this time, the core may be formed by twisting the twisted yarn together with the yarn rope. Since the diameter of the braided rope for coke oven is about 10 to 50 mm, in the case of a small diameter, the yarn rope alone may be used as the core, but in order to obtain a generally used braided rope with a diameter of about 25 mm Preferably, a plurality of yarn ropes are twisted to form a core.

  Finally, as shown in FIG. 3, a braided rope can be produced by covering the core with a refractory inorganic continuous fiber. The covering material needs to be a fireproof inorganic continuous fiber. This is because a coating material having no fire resistance deteriorates or disappears due to a heat load during use and lowers the sealing performance. Moreover, in the case of a short fiber, even if it is a fireproof inorganic fiber, there is a high possibility that it will be broken at the time of driving construction, and the organic fiber blended when producing a single yarn will be lost by heat, leading to a decrease in sealing performance. Examples of the refractory inorganic continuous fiber include silica fiber, carbon fiber, and glass fiber. Silica fiber is the most preferred because carbon fiber may have oxidation resistance and glass fiber may have heat resistance. In addition, it is most preferable that the covering material for covering the core core covers the entire core core in order to ensure the sealing performance and the necessary strength at the time of construction, but the density of the core core is high due to the above configuration. Also, since the sealing performance at the core portion is high, there is no practical problem even if there is a portion that is not partially covered (for example, about 20%). Therefore, the braided rope of the present invention is coated with carbon fiber or glass fiber, and can be used even if part of the coating material is oxidized or melted during use.

In the present invention, the sealing performance is remarkably improved by configuring the core as described above and setting the braid rope density to 650 kg / m ³ or more. The density of braided ropes is determined by increasing the amount of twisted yarns and yarn ropes that make up the core, and twisting them tightly, while lowering the rotational speed of the yarn carrier for coating, High density can be achieved by tightly knitting tightly.

In braided ropes using yarn ropes made of ceramic fibers as the core, organic fibers are blended as described above, so that the sealing performance of the core part deteriorates due to the loss of combustion due to heat during use. Inevitable. For this reason, the remarkable improvement effect of sealing performance is exhibited by prescribing the density to a predetermined value or more as in the present invention. The density of the braided rope is 650 kg / m ³ or more, and the effect of improving the sealing performance is exhibited. However, it is more preferably 700 kg / m ³ or more, more preferably 750 kg / m ³ or more, and most preferably 800 kg / m ³ or more. As a result, it is possible to exhibit even better sealing performance. The upper limit of the density of the braided rope is not particularly limited. However, if the density is increased, the core is easily damaged, and this point needs to be taken into consideration.

  The density of the braided rope is measured at a length of 200 mm or more because the error increases if the length of the rope to be measured is too short. In addition, since the braided rope does not become a perfect circle in the strict sense, the value obtained by measuring and averaging the diameters of 10 or more arbitrary points is used as the rope diameter. The density can be calculated by dividing the mass of the rope by the volume calculated from the diameter and length.

  The braided rope obtained in the present invention is used to fill a gap formed between components such as a furnace frame, a protective plate, and a furnace body constituting a kiln opening portion of a coke oven, as shown in FIG. It can be used in such a manner that it is interposed between the furnace frame 1 and the protective plate 2 in the coke oven opening and between the protective plate 2 and the furnace body 3. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, after the braided rope 4 is constructed, the sealing property can be further improved by filling the gaps formed between the constituent members with a refractory mortar 5 or the like. At that time, it is more preferable to use a refractory mortar containing inorganic fibers as the refractory mortar. General mortars that do not contain inorganic fibers may crack or peel due to shrinkage during drying, and are not always suitable for applications that are used for a long time under harsh conditions such as coke oven kiln seals. is not. On the other hand, since the refractory mortar containing an inorganic fiber has small shrinkage at the time of drying, it becomes possible to maintain a stable sealing performance for a long period of time by applying it in combination with the blade rope of the present invention. Examples of the inorganic fiber contained in the refractory mortar include ceramic fiber, biosoluble fiber, rock wool, and the like, but the most preferable one is a narrowly defined ceramic fiber. Although the content is not particularly limited, for example, 10% by mass to 80% by mass is preferable, and 30% by mass to 70% by mass is more preferable.

[Examples 1-8, Comparative Examples 1-6]
The production methods of braided ropes A1 to A3 and B1 described in Table 1 below will be described. For the core of the braided rope, after blending ceramic fiber and rayon, a single yarn was made using glass fiber as the core wire, and a single twisted yarn was made by twisting a thin stainless steel wire using multiple single yarns. . And the yarn core was produced from seven twisted yarns, and also the core was produced by twisting seven yarn ropes together.

Using the core prepared above, the case of coating with silica fiber which is a refractory inorganic continuous fiber as a coating material is blade rope A, and the case of coating with a ceramic fiber yarn produced by twisting short fibers is a blade rope B. Blade rope A has a diameter of 25 mm and a density of 550 kg / m ³ to 900 kg / m ³ in total (A1), a diameter of 15 mm and a density of 800 kg / m ³ (A2), and a diameter of 35 mm. Thus, one type (A3) having a density of 800 kg / m ³ was prepared, and four types (B1) of blade ropes B having a diameter of 25 mm and a density of 550 kg / m ³ to 850 kg / m ³ were prepared. As a method for changing the density of the braided rope, the rotational speed of the carrier of the yarn for coating was adjusted when the coating material was knitted. The density of the braided rope was calculated by cutting the rope into about 300 mm, measuring the arbitrary 10 points, calculating the volume from the average diameter and length, and dividing the volume by the mass of the rope.

  The braided ropes of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 prepared above were evaluated for sealing properties with the apparatus shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. Each rope obtained above is sandwiched between the stainless steel disk-shaped holders in FIG. 4 and pressed, and the gap between the holders is 15 mm for a rope with a diameter of 25 mm, 9 mm for a rope with a diameter of 15 mm, and a rope with a diameter of 35 mm In the case of, while maintaining the state of 21 mm, it was heated at 800 ° C. for 5 hours. Next, a heated holder is attached to the apparatus composed of the compressor, valve, and pressure gauge shown in FIG. 4, and after applying a differential pressure of 3 kPa to the inside of the holder, the valve on the compressor side is closed and the numerical value of the pressure gauge The time until the differential pressure became zero was measured and the sealability was evaluated. The evaluation result of the sealing time shown in Table 1 is shown as an index with the sealing time of Example 1 as 100, and the larger the value, the better the sealing performance.

When the results of Examples 1 to 6 and the results of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are compared for the evaluation of the sealing property, it is clear that the sealing property is improved by setting the density of the braided rope to 650 kg / m ³ or more. is there. In particular, large improvement in the density of the braided rope 700 kg / m ³ or more, further excellent improvement effect in 750 kg / m ³ or more is obtained, it can be seen that significant improvement in 800 kg / m ³ or more is obtained. Further, as apparent from Examples 7 and 8, even if the rope diameter is changed, an excellent improvement effect is obtained.

  On the other hand, Comparative Examples 3 to 6 are cases in which a ceramic fiber yarn is used as the coating material, but even if the density of the rope is increased, the sealing performance is inferior to the product of the present invention, which is not preferable. It is considered that the ceramic fiber coating material is severely deteriorated during compression or heat treatment and loses its sealing property, and the shape of the core cannot be maintained, so that the sealing property of the core itself is also lowered.

[Examples 9 to 14, Comparative Examples 7 to 8]
The effect of the presence or absence of inorganic fibers in the mortar to be further applied after the braid rope was constructed between the components in the mouth portion of the coke oven was investigated. The mortar used in the test was kneaded uniformly by adding clay as a plasticizer and water glass as a binder to an aggregate composed of 20% by mass of Al ₂ O _{3 and} 78% by mass of SiO _2. Mortar B was obtained. In addition, after adding ceramic fibers having a chemical composition of 45% by mass of Al ₂ O _{3 and} 55% by mass of SiO _{2 in the} same mass as the aggregate, the mortar A (ceramic fiber 50% by mass, aggregate 50% by mass) %), And similarly to mortar B, clay and water glass were further added and uniformly kneaded.

  About the mortar A and the mortar B prepared above, the test which evaluates sealing performance as follows combining with the braid rope A1 and the braid rope B1 was done. FIG. 5 shows an evaluation apparatus for sealing properties. This evaluation method is different from the previous evaluation method in that the heat treatment is performed after the braid rope is sandwiched in the holder and then the outer periphery is filled with mortar. The same. The evaluation result of the sealing time shown in Table 2 is shown as an index with the sealing time of Example 1 as 100, and the larger the value, the better the sealing performance.

When the results of Examples 9 to 14 and the results of Comparative Examples 7 to 8 are compared for the evaluation of sealability, in the examples using the braided rope of the present invention, comparison is made regardless of whether mortar A or mortar B is used. It is clear that the sealing performance is improved over the examples. In particular, when mortar A containing inorganic fibers is used, the improvement effect is remarkable as compared with Examples 1, 3, and 5 in which mortar is not used, and it can be seen that it is more preferable. Although the mortar A did not show cracks or the like after the heat treatment, the mortar B has cracks, and it is considered that the sealing property of the mortar A was improved. On the other hand, in the comparative example using the braided rope B1 having a density of 550 kg / m ³ , the sealing performance was poor regardless of which mortar was used. From this, it is clear that the conventional braided rope has an insufficient improvement effect even if mortar containing inorganic fibers is used.

1: Furnace frame 2: Protection plate 3: Furnace body 4: Blade rope 5: Refractory mortar

Claims (6)

A braid rope for sealing a coke oven kiln opening part used to fill a gap formed between components in the coke oven kiln opening, which is a mixture of refractory inorganic short fibers and organic fibers, A single yarn by twisting together with a core wire to twist one or more single yarns together with a core yarn to make a twisted yarn, a yarn rope by twisting a plurality of twisted yarns, and a core formed using the yarn rope A braided rope for sealing a coke oven kiln opening, characterized in that the density is 650 kg / m ³ or more by coating with a coating material composed of refractory inorganic continuous fibers.   The braided rope for sealing a coke oven kiln part according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of yarn ropes are twisted to form a core.   The braided rope for sealing a coke oven kiln opening according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the core wire is made of a refractory inorganic continuous fiber. Refractory inorganic short fibers, Al ₂ O ₃ coke oven kiln mouth sealing Blade rope according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists -SiO ₂ based material.   The braided rope for sealing a coke oven kiln opening according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the coating material is made of silica fiber.   Coke characterized by filling a refractory mortar containing inorganic fibers after constructing the braided rope according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in a gap formed between components in a coke oven kiln opening. Sealing method at the furnace kiln opening.

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