JP2011206638A - Apparatus for manufacturing biomass ground material, and method for manufacturing biomass ground material using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for manufacturing a biomass ground material increasing the treatment amount of a plant raw material per unit time and reducing necessary power consumption to reduce the manufacturing cost of the biomass ground material.SOLUTION: In the apparatus cylindrical body 1 is divided into first, second and third chambers 11, 12 and 13 and the fixed mortar plates 14, 16 and 18 provided with through-holes 142, 162 and 182 of the rotary shaft 21 of a feed screw 2 are respectively provided to the downstream ends of the first, second and third chambers 11, 12 and 13. In the feed screw 2, spiral blades 221, 222, 223, 224 and 225 are wound around the rotary shaft 21 piercing the through-holes 142, 162 and 182 of the fixed mortar plates 14, 16 and 18 with respect to the first, second and third chambers 11, 12 and 13 and rotary mortar plates 15, 17 and 19 having rotary surfaces 151, 171 and 191 are attached to the rotary shaft 21 in close vicinity to the fixing surfaces 141, 161 and 181 of the fixed mortar plates 14, 16 and 18.

Description

  The present invention relates to a biomass pulverized material production apparatus for producing a biomass pulverized material from plant raw materials and a biomass pulverized material production method using the same.

  Biomass pulverized products are produced by finely pulverizing plant materials such as waste paper, as well as thinned timber, wood timber, and waste wood. Patent Document 1 is a method for producing a finely pulverized biomass (woody biomass particle) from coarse particles of plant raw material (woody biomass), and after the pretreatment step of adding water to the dried coarse particles, the coarse particles Is used in a biomass pulverized product manufacturing apparatus (wood biomass particle manufacturing apparatus) composed of a pretreatment device, a pulverizer, and a recovery device (a manufacturing method of wood biomass particles). Patent Document 1 [Claim 1] [Claim 6]). The pulverizer is configured so that the swing hammer rotates at high speed inside the lining (impact plate), and also uses self-pulverization due to impact, grinding, shearing and collision of coarse particles between the swing hammer and the lining, The coarse particles of the plant material are pulverized (Patent Document 1 [0031]).

  The pretreatment device includes a transport unit that transports the coarse particles of the plant raw material, a heater disposed along the transport unit, and a hydration unit that adds water to the coarse particles of the woody biomass at the exit of the transport unit. (Patent Document 1 [Claim 2]). The recovery device includes a suction device that sucks the gas in the pulverizer through a filter disposed between the pulverizer and the recovery device, and the pulverized biomass that passes through the filter includes primary particles that fall due to gravity, Sorting into secondary particles sucked by the suction device (Patent Document 1 [Claim 3] [Claim 4]), and further, the suction device is provided with suction amount adjusting means for adjusting the suction amount, and is classified. The particle size distribution of the biomass particles is adjusted (Patent Document 1 [Claim 5]). According to the invention described in Patent Document 1, the produced pulverized biomass has a particle size of about several μm to 200 μm (Patent Document 1 [0052]).

  In Patent Document 2, plant raw materials (plant organic matter such as waste paper, waste wood, natural plants, etc.) are put into a pulverizing and drying device, and the plant raw materials are stirred while evaporating water using friction heat as a main heat source and heater as a sub heat source. And an apparatus for producing a pulverized biomass product using a method for producing a pulverized biomass product (a method for pulverizing plant organic matter) having a pulverizing / drying step (Patent Document 2 [Claim 1] and [Claim 6]). The plant raw material is sliced into chips in the pretreatment process (Patent Document 2 [Claim 2]). Further, the pulverization / drying step is divided into a first step in which the plant raw material is treated at a low temperature and a second step in which the plant raw material is treated at a high temperature (Patent Document 2 [Claim 3] [Claim 4] [Claim 2]. 5]). According to the invention described in Patent Document 2, the produced pulverized biomass has a particle size of about 1 μm or less (Patent Document 2 [0030]).

JP 2008-214531 A JP 2007-190487 A

  Biomass pulverized material is expected to be used by extracting, for example, ethyl alcohol as biomass fuel, but it is not so popular in practice. This is because the production amount of the pulverized biomass is small and the production cost of the pulverized biomass is high. This means that the processing amount of the plant raw material per unit time is small and the necessary power consumption is large. For example, the pulverized biomass production apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a heater for heating coarse particles of plant raw material in the pretreatment apparatus, and it is assumed that power consumption is large. As described above, this causes a problem of increasing the manufacturing cost of the pulverized biomass. Moreover, the pulverization of plant raw materials by the exemplified pulverizer has a limit, and it is not possible to produce a pulverized biomass that is so small (the maximum particle size of 200 μm is large).

  The apparatus for producing a pulverized biomass disclosed in Patent Document 2 is capable of producing a pulverized biomass having a particle size of about 1 μm or less, so there is no problem with the refinement of the pulverized biomass, but a heater for drying the plant material Therefore, like Patent Document 1, there is a concern that the power consumption increases and the production cost of the pulverized biomass is increased. Moreover, the biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 corresponds to the first process and the second process, which are pulverization / drying processes at different temperatures, and communicates with the first pulverization / drying apparatus and the second pulverization / drying apparatus. It is imagined that not only the apparatus configuration is increased in size but also the processing amount of the plant raw material per unit time cannot be increased, which also raises the problem of increasing the production cost of the pulverized biomass.

  As described above, the biomass pulverized product producing apparatus that has been conventionally used has no problem in producing a pulverized biomass having a small particle size, but the processing amount of the plant raw material per unit time is small and the required power consumption is large. Therefore, the production cost of the pulverized biomass increased, and it was difficult to provide an inexpensive pulverized biomass with a sufficient supply amount. Therefore, in order to provide a sufficient supply amount and cheap biomass pulverized material, the processing amount of plant raw material per unit time is increased, and the required power consumption is reduced to produce biomass pulverized material. We developed a biomass pulverized material production device that reduces the cost, and studied to provide a biomass pulverized material production method using this device.

  What was developed as a result of the study was constructed by incorporating a feed screw that rotates by a motor into a cylinder having an inlet and an outlet, and the cylinder is connected to the first chamber connected to the inlet and the outlet. A fixed mortar divided into a third chamber and a second chamber sandwiched between the first chamber and the third chamber and provided with a through hole that follows the rotation shaft of the feed screw with a gap is provided on the downstream side of the first chamber The feed screw is provided at each of the end, the downstream end of the second chamber, and the downstream end of the third chamber. It is a biomass pulverized product manufacturing apparatus to which a rotating mortar having a rotating surface that is wound around every two chambers and the third chamber and rotates in the vicinity of the fixed surface of the fixed mortar is attached. The rotating surface of the rotating mortar or the fixed surface of the fixed mortar is a plane orthogonal to the extending direction of the rotating shaft, and the rotating surface rotates in the vicinity of the fixed surface. Here, “the rotating surface rotates in the vicinity of the fixed surface” means that the fixed surface is left with a gap that allows the plant material to be crushed between the rotating surface and the fixed surface, as will be described later. It means that the adjacent rotating surface rotates.

  In the biomass pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention, when the plant material is transferred by a feed screw, the plant material is simultaneously crushed by stirring and mixing of the spiral blades, and the rotation surface of the rotating mortar and the fixed surface of the fixed mortar By pulverizing the plant raw material in between, the pulverized biomass is continuously produced. By reducing the pitch of the spiral blade, the feed screw has more opportunities to agitate and mix the plant material, making it easier to crush the plant material, but this will impair the original function of transferring the plant material. As will be described later, it is desirable to separately provide a rotary blade for crushing plant raw materials, and to set the pitch of the spiral blades to an appropriate size for transfer. Moreover, if either one or both of the rotating surface of the rotating mortar for crushing the plant material and the fixed surface of the fixed mortar are roughened, the plant material can be crushed more finely.

  The plant raw material is charged into the cylinder from the inlet, and is pulverized while being transferred by the feed screw and discharged from the outlet. This means that the processing time of the plant material is equal to the transfer time by the feed screw. In order to crush the plant material by stirring and mixing the spiral blades, it is better that the rotation of the feed screw is faster. In this case, the transfer speed by the feed screw is increased, so the transfer time of the feed screw, that is, the transfer time of the plant material is shortened. As a result, the amount of plant raw material processed per unit time can be increased. The amount of plant raw material processed per unit time increases according to the number of feed screws. In addition, plant materials are crushed by stirring and mixing with a spiral blade, and plant materials are crushed by a rotating mortar and a fixed mortar. To do. This means that a heater or the like with high power consumption is not required, and the power consumption necessary for the pulverized biomass production apparatus can be reduced.

  The feed screw may be configured such that a rotary blade composed of a plurality of protrusions intermittently projecting in the circumferential direction and projecting in the radial direction is provided on the rotary shaft, and the spiral blade is wound around the rotary shaft at a portion excluding the rotary blade. Thereby, a plant raw material can be reliably crushed with a rotary blade, without reducing the transfer speed of a feed screw. The action of the spiral blade stirring and mixing the plant material and crushing the plant material and the function of transferring the plant material are contradictory because the crushing of the plant material becomes resistance to transfer. Here, since the throughput of the plant raw material per unit time can be increased by speeding up the transfer of the plant raw material by the feed screw, it is preferable that the spiral blade mainly serves to transfer the plant raw material. The rotary blade crushes the plant material instead of the spiral blade of the feed screw whose main function is transfer, and the spiral blade is responsible for transferring the plant material and feeding the plant material toward the rotary blade. Here, since the plant raw material is more difficult to be transported by being compressed toward the downstream of the feed screw, the rotary blade is only provided on the rotation shaft of the first chamber or the second chamber, and the third chamber is made only of the spiral blade. Is desirable.

  If the rotating mortar is upstream (the side close to the inlet) and the fixed mortar is downstream (the side near the outlet), the rotating mortar uses the downstream rotating surface as the fixed surface upstream of the fixed mortar. Rotate close to. In this case, the plant raw material moves from the outer periphery of the rotating mortar to the inner periphery through the turning groove, and goes downstream from the gap between the rotating shaft and the opening of the fixed mortar. On the other hand, if the rotating mortar is downstream and the fixed mortar is upstream, the rotating mortar rotates the upstream rotating surface close to the downstream fixed surface of the fixed mortar. In this case, the plant raw material reaches the inner periphery of the rotating mortar from the gap between the rotating shaft and the opening of the fixed mortar, and goes from the inner periphery to the downstream from the outer periphery through the turning groove. In either case, the plant material caught in the grooving groove is rotated around the rotating mortar, and is sandwiched between the rotating surface and the fixed surface and crushed. .

  From now on, in order to increase the chance of crushing plant raw materials, the feed screw has a rotary mill whose rotary surface rotates in close proximity to the fixed surface of the fixed mortar, with a rotary shaft that passes through the through hole of the fixed mortar. A pair of disks may be attached to the upstream side and the downstream side of the fixed mortar. In this case, the plant raw material moves from the outer periphery of the upstream rotary stool to the inner periphery through the turning groove, and reaches the inner periphery of the downstream rotary stool from the gap between the rotation shaft and the opening of the fixed mortar, It goes from the inner periphery to the downstream through the grooving groove. The upstream and downstream rotary mills sandwiching the fixed mortar may have the same specifications (the surface roughness of the rotating surface and the cross-sectional shape, width, and number of grooving grooves provided), or different specifications. However, it is desirable that the specifications should be aligned so that the particle sizes of the plant raw materials to be passed are about the same, because both are arranged close to each other.

  As described above, the plant raw material is pulverized by stirring, mixing, or rotating blades of the spiral blade in the process of being transferred by the feed screw to become a fine biomass pulverized product. From this, the particle size of the plant raw material to be crushed is different between the crushing of the upstream rotating mortar and the fixed mortar and the crushing of the downstream rotating mortar and the fixed mortar, and the particle size is different from the above. Accordingly, it is preferable that the specifications (the surface roughness of the rotating surface and the cross-sectional shape, width, and number of the grooving grooves provided) required for the rotating mortar are varied.

  A specific rotating mortar has an annular rotating surface that rotates in the vicinity of the fixed surface of the fixed mortar, and is provided with irregularities that divide the rotating surface into 4 to 16 equal parts in the circumferential direction. The structure which makes the recessed part extended over be a groove is good. The fixed surface of the fixed mortar with respect to the rotary mortar may be flat or may be provided with a groove to be described later. The unevenness divided into 4 to 16 equals means that the convex portions and the concave portions are equally divided in the circumferential direction, and the total of the convex portions and the concave portions is 4 to 16. The concave portion formed by providing the rotation surface with irregularities that divide into 4 to 16 equally in the circumferential direction becomes a relatively wide groove groove extending in the radial direction, and can easily enter the groove groove even with agglomerated plant material, Ensure smooth transfer of plant materials. From this, it is preferable that the rotary mortar provided with irregularities that divide the rotating surface into 4 to 16 parts in the circumferential direction is assigned to the rear end of the first chamber or the rear end of the second chamber where the plant material is at a relatively large stage. .

  Similarly, the fixed mortar is preferably provided with irregularities that divide the fixing surface into 4 to 16 equal parts in the circumferential direction along the peripheral edge of the through hole, and the concave part extending over the inner periphery and the outer periphery is used as a groove. This fixed mortar may be used as a pair with the above-described rotating mortar (a rotating mortar provided with irregularities that divide the rotating surface into four to sixteen parts in the circumferential direction). From now on, the fixed mortar provided with irregularities that divide the rotation surface into 4 to 16 equally in the circumferential direction is the same as the above-mentioned rotation mortar, the rear end of the first chamber or the second chamber where the plant material is at a relatively large stage. It is preferable to assign to the rear end.

  In addition, a specific rotating mortar has an annular rotating surface that rotates in the vicinity of the fixed surface of the fixed mortar, and a plurality of concave grooves with a width of 1 mm to 5 mm extending in the tangential direction of the inner periphery. You may make it the structure which provides while changing an angle in a direction, and makes the said concave groove extended over inner periphery and outer periphery into a groove groove. Grooves with a width of 1mm to 5mm extending in the tangential direction provided on the rotating surface while changing the angle in the circumferential direction in multiple units are relatively narrow groove grooves intersecting in the radial direction, and the plant raw material has a large particle size. (80 μm or more) may clog, but sufficiently refined plant raw material (less than 80 μm) does not clog the plant between the rotating surface of the rotating mortar and the fixed surface of the fixed mortar. Guide the raw material, refine the plant raw material and reduce the particle size of the final pulverized biomass. From this, it is preferable to assign the rotary mortar having a groove of 1 mm to 5 mm wide extending in the tangential direction of the inner circumference to the rear end of the third chamber in a stage where the plant raw material has become sufficiently small.

  Similarly, the fixed mortar has a configuration in which concave grooves having a width of 1 mm to 5 mm extending in the radial direction from the peripheral edge of the through hole are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the concave grooves extending over the inner periphery and the outer periphery are used as grooved grooves. Good. This fixed mortar may be used as a pair with the above-described rotating mortar (a rotating mortar having a concave groove with a width of 1 mm to 5 mm extending in the tangential direction of the inner circumference). From now on, the fixed mortar with the groove of 1-5 mm wide extending in the tangential direction of the inner circumference as the grooving groove is the rear end of the third chamber in the stage where the plant raw material has become sufficiently small like the above-mentioned rotary mortar. It is preferable to assign.

  When using the biomass pulverized product production apparatus of the present invention, a liquid raw material obtained by mixing coarsely pulverized plant raw material with water is introduced into a cylinder from an inlet, while transferring the liquid raw material according to a spiral blade of a feed screw, A biomass pulverized product is manufactured by a biomass pulverized product manufacturing method in which a plant raw material in the liquid raw material is crushed by a rotating rotator and a fixed mortar that rotate relatively, and a biomass pulverized product mixed in water is taken out from an outlet. The coarsely pulverized plant material is a plant material having an average particle size of 7 mm (specifically, a short fiber having an outer diameter of about 1 mm and a length of about 15 mm) by a separate pulverizer. The liquid raw material obtained by mixing the coarsely pulverized plant raw material with water allows the plant raw material to be smoothly transferred without clogging the spiral blade of the feed screw. Try to be crushed. In the present invention, the plant raw material is pulverized only by a physical action without being heated, and thus a liquid raw material in which the plant raw material is mixed with water can be used as a treatment target.

  The apparatus for producing a pulverized biomass of the present invention is a pulverized biomass pulverized by stirring, mixing and pulverizing plant raw materials while being transferred with a feed screw, and further crushing the plant raw materials with a rotating mortar and a fixed mortar. Manufacturing things. At this time, since the plant raw material is continuously pulverized while being transferred by the feed screw, the processing amount of the plant raw material per unit time can be greatly increased as compared with the conventional biomass pulverized material production apparatus. In addition, since the plant material is pulverized using only the physical action, there is no power consumption for heating the plant material, and the necessary power consumption can be reduced as a whole. Thus, according to the present invention, the production cost of the pulverized biomass can be suppressed, and a practical biomass fuel can be extracted. In addition, the reduction in production cost expands the possibility of using the pulverized biomass in other fields of use (such as reinforced fibers of resin materials).

  The rotary blade provided in the feed screw is responsible for crushing the plant raw material during the transfer, enabling the transfer of the plant raw material by the spiral blade to be faster, and the effect of increasing the throughput per unit time of the plant raw material Bring. The structure in which the fixed mortar is sandwiched between a pair of upstream and downstream rotary knives enhances the function of crushing by the rotary mortar and the fixed mortar, and brings about an effect of helping refine the pulverized biomass to be produced. . In addition, by changing the combination of a rotating mortar and a fixed mortar with different specifications from the first chamber to the third chamber, smooth transfer and refinement of the plant material can be performed according to the degree of crushing of the plant material. It makes it possible to use properly, and brings about the effect of helping refine the pulverized biomass produced as a whole.

  The biomass pulverized material manufacturing method using the biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is a method of treating a liquid raw material obtained by mixing a coarsely pulverized plant raw material with water, thereby pulverizing the plant raw material using a feed screw. Realize. Unlike the conventional biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of the same type, the biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention refines the plant raw material solely by physical action without heating the plant raw material. It doesn't matter. Rather, by mixing the coarsely pulverized plant raw material with water and treating it as a liquid raw material, the plant raw material can be refined by the biomass pulverized product manufacturing method using a feed screw, and the processing amount per unit time of the plant raw material can be reduced. There are many.

It is a partially broken side view showing an example of a biomass ground material manufacturing device to which the present invention is applied. It is a top view showing the biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this example. It is the side view which extracted only the feed screw and fixed mortar in the biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this example. It is the elevation which looked at the rotating mortar assigned to the rear end of the 1st chamber and the 2nd chamber from the rotation surface side. It is the elevation which looked at the rotary mortar assigned to the rear end of the 1st chamber and the 2nd chamber from the back side of the rotation surface. It is the elevation which looked at the fixed mortar assigned to the rear end of the 1st chamber and the 2nd chamber from the fixed surface side. It is a top view showing the assembly | attachment relationship of the rotary mortar and the fixed mortar in the 1st chamber rear end. It is a top view showing the assembly | attachment relationship of the rotary mortar and the fixed mortar in the 2nd chamber rear end. It is the elevation which looked at the rotation mortar assigned to the rear end of the 3rd room from the rotation side. It is the elevation which looked at the rotary mortar assigned to the rear end of the 3rd room from the back side of the rotation side. It is the elevation which looked at the fixed mortar assigned to the rear end of the 3rd room from the fixed surface side. It is a top view showing the assembly | attachment relationship of the rotary mortar and the fixed mortar in the 3rd chamber rear end.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The biomass pulverized product manufacturing apparatus to which the present invention is applied can be configured like a twin screw extruder as seen in FIGS. 1 and 2. This means that the pulverized biomass production apparatus to which the present invention is applied can be easily produced with reference to the twin-screw extruder, and has the advantage of reducing the production cost of the pulverized biomass production apparatus. Moreover, since it can be configured as a twin screw type extruder, the processing amount of the plant raw material per unit time can be easily set from the specifications and the rotational speed of the feed screw 2.

  The biomass pulverized material production apparatus of this example is configured by incorporating a pair of left and right feed screws 2, 2 that are rotated by a motor 3 in a cylindrical body 1 having an inlet 111 and an outlet 131. The reason for using two feed screws 2 is to increase the amount of plant raw material processed per unit time. To implement the present invention, one feed screw 2 or three or more feed screws 2 may be used. Also good. Each feed screw 2 branches and receives the rotational power from the motor 3 via the speed reducer 31, and the feed screw 2 on the left side (lower side in FIG. 2, shown in FIG. 1) rotates rightward and right side (FIG. 2). The middle upper) feed screw 2 rotates counterclockwise. The motor 3, the speed reducer 31, and the cylinder 1 are mounted on the same device frame 4.

  The cylindrical body 1 is composed of a frame body that is divided from the upstream side (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) to the downstream side (right side in the same figure), and is clamped and bolted by a flange that connects the frame bodies to each other. Are divided into a first chamber 11, a second chamber 12, and a third chamber 13 from upstream to downstream. The first chamber 11 is provided with a hopper-shaped inlet 111. The second chamber 12 communicates with the discharge port 131 via the fixed mortar 18 (in FIG. 2, since the discharge port 131 is not shown directly, the approximate position is indicated by a symbol). Since the biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus of this example pulverizes a liquid raw material obtained by mixing coarsely pulverized plant raw material with water, the finely pulverized material discharged from the outlet 131 is in a liquid mixed with water. For example, it is stored in the container below the discharge port 131.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the feed screw 2 includes a rotary shaft 21 that passes through the through holes 142, 162, and 182 of the fixed mortars 14, 16, and 18, leaving a gap, and a spiral blade 221 in order from the upstream in the first chamber 11. In the second chamber 12, a spiral blade 223, a rotary blade 232, a spiral blade 224 and a rotary blade 233 are provided in this order from the upstream side, and in the third chamber 13, a spiral blade 225 is provided. The feed screw 2 of this example is configured by assembling a spiral blade module and a rotary blade module. For example, the first chamber 11 has a spiral blade module, a spiral blade module, a rotary blade module, and a spiral blade module in order from the upstream, and the second chamber 12 has a spiral blade module, rotary blade module, spiral blade module, and rotary blade in order from the upstream. The module and the third chamber 13 are all spiral blade modules. From now on, the rotary blade 231, the rotary blade 232, and the rotary blade 233 all have the same specifications, and a blade row in which protrusions protruding in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 21 are intermittently arranged in the circumferential direction is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft 21. It is arranged side by side.

  Further, the feed screw 2 is fixed to the fixed mortars 14, 16, 18 that divide the chambers at the positions of the rear end of the first chamber 11, the rear end of the second chamber 12, and the rear end of the third chamber 13 of the rotary shaft 21. A rotating mortar 15, 17, 19 having rotating surfaces 151, 171, 191 rotating in the vicinity of the surfaces 141, 161, 181 is attached. The fixed surfaces 141, 161, 181 and the rotating surfaces 151, 171, 191 are close to the fixed surface leaving a gap enough to crush the plant material, so that the plant material is crushed downstream, and the object to be crushed becomes smaller For example, the clearance between the fixed surface 141 and the rotating surface 151 is 1 mm, the clearance between the fixed surface 161 and the rotating surface 171 is 0.5 mm, and the clearance between the fixed surface 181 and the rotating surface 191 is 0.1 mm, from upstream to downstream. To make the gap smaller.

  In this example, the upstream and downstream sides of the fixed mortar 14 located at the rear end of the first chamber are assigned to the fixed surfaces 141 and 141, respectively, and the rotating mortars 15 and 15 are assigned to the fixed mortars 16 at the rear end of the second chamber. The rotary mortar 17 is assigned as the fixed surface 161 to the downstream side, and the rotary mortar 19 is assigned as the fixed surface 181 to the upstream side of the fixed mortar 18 located at the rear end of the third chamber. The rear end of the second chamber is a rotary blade 233 immediately before the fixed mortar 16 and the force for feeding the liquid material into the gap between the through hole 162 of the fixed mortar 16 and the rotary shaft 21 is weak. The rotary mortar 17 is not assigned to the upstream side. In addition, since the rear end of the third chamber is the discharge port 131 immediately after the fixed mortar 18, the rotating mortar 19 is not assigned to the downstream side of the fixed mortar 18 so as not to disturb the discharge of the pulverized biomass. .

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotary mortar 15 at the rear end of the first chamber and the rotary mortar 17 at the rear end of the second chamber have rotating surfaces 151 and 171 having an annular shape, and the rotating surfaces 151 and 171 are arranged in the circumferential direction. Irregularities that are equally divided into twelve are provided, the convex portions are directly used as the rotation surfaces 151 and 171, and the concave portions that are sandwiched between the convex portions and extend in the radial direction are the groove grooves 152 and 172. Each rotary mortar 15, 17 is bolted to the above-described spiral blade module or rotary blade module. As shown in FIG. 6, the fixed mortar 14 at the rear end of the first chamber and the fixed mortar 16 at the rear end of the second chamber are configured by assembling mirror-symmetric members that are vertically divided into two. Along the periphery, there are irregularities that equally divide the fixing surfaces 141, 161 into 12 in the circumferential direction, the convex portions are fixed surfaces 141, 161 that continue to the remaining portion, and the concave portions that are sandwiched between the convex portions and extend in the radial direction are the groove grooves 143, 163 Yes. The fixed mortars 14 and 16 of this example are provided with a seal groove along the outer periphery of the mirror-symmetric member, and the seal material is fitted into the seal groove when assembled to the cylindrical body 1.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the fixed mortar 14 at the rear end of the first chamber 11 is provided with a groove 143 on both the upstream side and the downstream side, and is sandwiched by the rotating mortar 15 so as to be upstream and downstream. The rotating surfaces 151, 151 of each rotating mortar 15 are rotated close to each other (the gap is 1 mm) (FIG. 7 shows the assembly relationship between the fixed mortar 14 and the rotating mortar 15). Is great). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the fixed mortar 16 at the rear end of the second chamber 12 only needs to be provided with a groove 143 only on the downstream side. As in FIG. 14, the groove groove 163 may be provided on the upstream side, but the groove groove 163 may not be provided (in this example, the groove groove 163 is also provided on the upstream side). The rotating mortar 17 at the rear end of the second chamber 12 is rotated by rotating the rotating surface 151 close to the downstream fixed surface 161 (the gap is 0.5 mm). The attachment relationship is illustrated, and the gap is large). The fixed mortars 14 and 16 and the rotary mortars 15 and 17 are crushed and reduced in two stages by crushing plant raw materials. From this, the gap between the fixed mortars 14 and 16 and the rotary mortars 15 and 17 is a two-stage pulverization, and the biomass pulverized material required by the pulverization between the fixed mortar 18 and the rotary mortar 19 described later is used. Determine to obtain particle size.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the rotating mortar 19 at the rear end of the third chamber has a circular rotating surface 191 and a circular arc section with a width of 3 mm extending in the tangential direction of the inner circumference (the sectional shape is not limited). ) Are provided in eight sets while being inclined by 45 degrees in the circumferential direction in units of four, and the groove is defined as a groove groove 192. The left and right rotating mortars 19 each have an inclined groove groove 192 whose outer circumferential side is shifted from the inner circumferential side toward the rotational front and is mirror-symmetrical, and the liquid raw material is moved from the outer circumferential side to the inner circumferential side of the rolling groove 192 by rotation. I try to get in. The rotary stool 19 is bolted to the above-described spiral blade module or rotary blade module, like the rotary stools 15 and 17. As shown in FIG. 11, the fixed mortar 18 at the rear end of the third chamber is configured by assembling mirror-symmetric members that are divided in the vertical direction, like the fixed mortars 14 and 16, and has a radius from the periphery of the through hole 182. 36 grooves with a 3 mm width extending in the direction and a circular arc cross section (the cross-sectional shape is not limited) are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the groove is formed as a groove groove 183. The fixed mortar 18 of this example is provided with a seal groove along the outer periphery of the mirror-symmetric member, and the seal material is fitted into the seal groove when assembled to the cylindrical body 1.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the fixed mortar 18 at the rear end of the third chamber 13 is provided with a groove groove 183 only on the upstream side, and there is no groove groove 183 on the downstream side, that is, the downstream side is flat without unevenness. (The downstream surface is not shown). From this point, the rotating mortar 19 at the rear end of the third chamber 13 is rotated by bringing the rotating surface 191 close to the fixed surface 181 on the downstream side (gap is 0.1 mm) (FIG. The assembly relationship is shown in FIG. The plant raw materials that have been crushed by the fixed mortar 18 and the rotating mortar 19 are immediately discharged as biomass pulverized material from the discharge port (as described above, the biomass pulverized material becomes a liquid mixed with water. ) As will be understood from this, the crushing of the plant raw material by the fixed mortar 18 and the rotating mortar 19 determines the final particle size of the pulverized biomass, so the gap between the fixed surface 181 and the rotating surface 191 is It is determined based on the required particle size.

  In the biomass pulverized material production apparatus of this example, a liquid raw material obtained by mixing coarsely pulverized plant raw material with water is introduced into the cylinder 1 from the inlet 111, and the liquid raw material is transferred in accordance with the spiral blades 221, 222, 223, 224, 225 of the feed screw 2. The plant raw material in the liquid raw material is crushed by the fixed mortars 14, 16, 18 and the rotating mortars 15, 17, 19, and the pulverized biomass is taken out from the discharge port 131. When the plant raw material is transferred as a liquid raw material by a feed screw, the plant raw material is crushed by stirring and mixing of the spiral blades, and further crushed between the rotating surface of the rotating mortar and the fixed surface of the fixed mortar. The reason why the plant material is mixed with water is to prevent clogging of the plant material due to compression of the feed screw 2 and to allow the plant material to be smoothly transferred. From this, it is preferable that the plant raw material and water have a water ratio of 50% or more, preferably 90% or more by weight.

  The biomass pulverized material production apparatus exemplified in the above-mentioned embodiment was made, and the processing amount and power consumption per short time of the plant raw material were confirmed. The produced biomass pulverized product manufacturing apparatus is configured to transmit the rotational power of a motor with an output of 22 kW to a biaxial feed screw via a speed reducer and rotate each at 135 rpm.

  The feed screw constitutes a first chamber to a third chamber by assembling a spiral blade module and a rotary blade module whose rotating shaft has an outer diameter of 72 mm and whose extending direction length is 105 mm. The spiral blade in each of the first to third chambers uses a spiral blade module having an outer diameter of 136 mm (cylinder inner diameter of 140 mm) and four turns at a pitch of 140 mm. The rotary blades in each of the first chamber and the second chamber are trapezoidal with a height of 13.5 mm in the radial direction, an upper side of the circumferential direction of 20 mm, and a lower side of 25 mm, and the rotation axis extending direction width is 15 mm. A rotary blade module is used in which 6 blade rows are arranged in a row with a width equal to the width in the extending direction of the rotary shaft.

  The fixed mortar at the rear end of the first chamber is configured as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 and has a concave groove having a rectangular cross section extending 15 mm from the periphery of the through hole in the radial direction equally divided into eight circumferential directions and a depth of 5 mm. As a grooved groove, a grooved groove is formed on each of the upstream and downstream fixed surfaces. The through hole has an inner diameter of 90 mm. The rotating mortar at the rear end of the first chamber is configured as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 7, and has an outer diameter of 115 mm, an inner diameter of 73 mm, and a recess having a depth of 5 mm divided into 12 equal parts in the circumferential direction. Yes. The fixed surface of the fixed mortar at the rear end of the first chamber and the rotating surface of the rotating mortar face each other with a gap of 1 mm.

  The fixed mortar at the rear end of the second chamber is the same as the fixed mortar at the rear end of the first chamber, and a groove is formed only in the fixed surface on the downstream side. It is the same as the rotary mill at the rear end. The through hole is the same as the fixed mortar at the rear end of the first chamber and has an inner diameter of 90 mm. The fixed surface of the fixed mortar at the rear end of the second chamber and the rotating surface of the rotating mortar face each other with a gap of 0.5 mm.

  The fixed mortar at the rear end of the third chamber has the configuration shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, and is a circular arc-shaped concave section extending 17.5 mm from the periphery of the through hole in the radial direction equally divided in the circumferential direction 36 by a depth of 1.5 mm. The groove is a grooved groove, and a grooved groove is formed on the upstream fixed surface. The through hole has an inner diameter of 80 mm. The rotating mortar at the rear end of the third chamber is configured as shown in FIGS. 9, 10 and 12, and has an outer diameter of 115 mm, an inner diameter of 73 mm, a depth of 1.5 mm, and an arc-shaped recess extending in the tangential direction of the inner circumference. Eight sets of grooves are provided in units of four while being inclined by 45 degrees in the circumferential direction. The fixed surface of the fixed mortar at the rear end of the third chamber and the rotating surface of the rotating mortar face each other with a gap of 0.1 mm.

  The liquid raw material to be refined was prepared by mixing plant raw materials (papermaking straw chips) coarsely pulverized into short fibers having an outer diameter of about 1 mm and a length of about 15 mm in advance into 95% water by weight. 50 L (50 kg, 2.5 kg of plant raw material) of this liquid raw material was prepared and refined by the biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus. It took about 1 hour to process the whole amount. From this, the processing amount per unit time of the plant raw material by the biomass pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention is 2.5 kg / hour. Here, when the refined liquid raw material was measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring apparatus, the ratio of the plant raw material having a particle size of 10 μm or less was 10%. From this, the obtained pulverized biomass having a particle size of 10 μm or less becomes 250 g (10% of 2.5 kg of plant raw material). In addition, since the electric power consumed by the motor during the above-mentioned miniaturization process was 3740W, the power consumption necessary for processing 1 kg of plant raw material was 1496W, and in order to obtain 1 kg of pulverized biomass having a particle size of 10 μm or less. The required power consumption is 14960W.

  Here, when the plant raw material used in the above examples is refined by a small continuous vibration mill, the power consumption required to obtain 1 kg of pulverized biomass having a particle size of 150 μm or less is 13550 W ( Comparative example). By the small continuous vibration mill, it cannot be further refined into a biomass pulverized product of 10 μm or less equivalent to the example, but the increase in power consumption required to finely reduce the plant raw material to 1/15 or less is about It is understood that the energy efficiency of the biomass pulverized material production apparatus of the present invention is very high since it falls within 1.1 times.

1 cylinder
11 Room 1
12 Room 2
13 Room 3
131 outlet
14 Fixed mortar (back end of first chamber)
15 Rotating mortar (1st chamber rear end)
16 Fixed mortar (rear end of second chamber)
17 Rotating mortar (rear end of second chamber)
18 Fixed mortar (rear end of third chamber)
19 Rotating mortar (3rd chamber rear end)
2 Feed screw
21 Rotating shaft 3 Motor 4 Device frame

Claims (8)

A cylindrical body having a charging port and a discharging port is configured with a built-in feed screw that rotates by a motor,
The cylinder is divided into a first chamber connected to the inlet, a third chamber connected to the outlet, and a second chamber sandwiched between the first chamber and the third chamber, and a gap is formed in the rotation shaft of the feed screw. A fixed mortar provided with a through hole for copying is provided at the downstream end of the first chamber, the downstream end of the second chamber, and the downstream end of the third chamber,
The feed screw winds a spiral blade around each of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber around a rotating shaft that passes through the through-hole of the fixed mortar, leaving a gap in the fixed hole of the fixed mortar. A biomass pulverized product manufacturing apparatus to which a rotating mortar having a rotating rotating surface is attached. The feed screw is formed by providing, on a rotary shaft, a rotary blade composed of a plurality of protrusions intermittently projecting in the circumferential direction and projecting in a radial direction, and spiral blades are wound around the rotary shaft at a portion excluding the rotary blade. The biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus described. The feed screw has a rotary shaft whose rotation surface rotates close to the fixed surface of the fixed mortar, on the upstream side and the downstream side of the fixed mortar. The apparatus for producing a pulverized biomass product according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein a pair of the pulverized biomass products are attached to the side. The rotating mortar has a circular rotating surface that rotates in the vicinity of the fixed surface of the fixed mortar, and is provided with irregularities that divide the rotating surface into 4 to 16 equal parts in the circumferential direction, and is a recess that extends over the inner periphery and the outer periphery. The biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the grooving groove is a groove. The fixed mortar is provided with concavities and convexities that divide the fixing surface into 4 to 16 parts in the circumferential direction along the peripheral edge of the through hole, and the recessed part extending over the inner periphery and the outer periphery is a grooved groove. Equipment for pulverizing biomass. The rotating mortar has an annular rotating surface that rotates in the vicinity of the fixed surface of the fixed mortar, and changes the angle of the groove in the circumferential direction in units of multiple 1 to 5 mm wide grooves extending in the tangential direction of the inner periphery. The biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the concave groove extending over the inner periphery and the outer periphery is used as a groove. The fixed mortar is provided with 1 mm to 5 mm wide concave grooves extending in the radial direction from the periphery of the through hole at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the concave grooves extending over the inner periphery and the outer periphery are formed as grooved grooves. The biomass pulverized material manufacturing apparatus according to any one of the above. Using the biomass pulverized material production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A liquid raw material obtained by mixing coarsely pulverized plant raw material with water is introduced into a cylinder from an inlet, and the liquid raw material is transferred according to a spiral blade of a feed screw, and a rotating rotator and a fixed mortar rotating relatively. A method for producing a pulverized biomass product, wherein the pulverized plant material in the liquid material is crushed and the pulverized biomass material mixed in water is taken out from an outlet.

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