JP2011195028A - Vehicle outside visually confirming device for vehicle - Google Patents

Vehicle outside visually confirming device for vehicle Download PDF

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JP2011195028A
JP2011195028A JP2010064398A JP2010064398A JP2011195028A JP 2011195028 A JP2011195028 A JP 2011195028A JP 2010064398 A JP2010064398 A JP 2010064398A JP 2010064398 A JP2010064398 A JP 2010064398A JP 2011195028 A JP2011195028 A JP 2011195028A
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vehicle
reflecting mirror
movable plate
outside
movable plates
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JP5660791B2 (en
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Hiroshi Uematsu
博 植松
Shuichiro Iwatsuki
修一郎 岩月
Takeya Kishimoto
雄也 岸本
Miki Sasaki
未來 佐々木
Yoshiyuki Matsumoto
善行 松本
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and visually confirm the vicinity of a vehicle outside the vehicle and a state of a road surface in a lower part during a necessary time without being peeped from the vehicle outside during an unnecessary time, and to secure a wide visual field.SOLUTION: A visually confirming window 3 is provided in a lower part of a left side door on an opposite side of a driver's seat, and a louver device 6 is provided at the vehicle inside of the visually confirming window 3. The louver device 6 includes a plurality of movable plates 8 to be opened and closed in a vertical direction, and reflectors 11 on downward surfaces in prescribed opening states of the movable plates 8. By opening the plurality of movable plates 8 and making the movable plates 8 into mutually parallel states, the vehicle outside can be directly and visually confirmed through the visually confirming window 3. By making the movable plates 8 have prescribed openings (angles), the vicinity of the vehicle outside of the visually confirming window 3 and a portion near a vehicle body can be visually confirmed by the reflectors 11, a visually confirmable range through the reflectors 11 can be added to the range where the vehicle outside can be visually confirmed directly through the visually confirming window 3, and visual confirmation in a wide range in relation to the vehicle outside of the visually confirming window 3 is made possible.

Description

本発明は、車両用車外視認装置に関し、特に、運転席からの車外の死角を視認するための車両用車外視認装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a vehicle exterior visual recognition device, and more particularly to a vehicle exterior visibility device for visually recognizing a blind spot outside a vehicle from a driver's seat.

従来、自動車において、左折時や後進時に車両の上部側に設けられた前後左右の窓からの視認では死角となり得る車外を視認するための車両用車外視認装置を設けたものが知られている。そのような死角を視認可能にするものとしてサイドミラー等が設けられており、さらにサイドミラーによる視認を補助するべく、例えば左折時の助手席の側方車外側部分を運転席から視認可能にするために、助手席ドアの下部に視認窓を設けたものがある。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an automobile is provided with a vehicle exterior visual recognition device for visually recognizing the exterior of a vehicle that can be a blind spot when viewed from the front, rear, left, and right windows provided on the upper side of the vehicle when turning left or reverse. A side mirror or the like is provided to make it possible to visually recognize such a blind spot, and in order to further assist the visual recognition by the side mirror, for example, the lateral portion of the side of the passenger seat when turning left can be visually recognized from the driver's seat. For this reason, there is a type in which a viewing window is provided in the lower part of the passenger seat door.

しかしながら、上記した助手席側に設けられた視認窓においては、左折時の視認として有効であるが、停車時や直進時には外から車内を覗かれるという不具合がある。そのような不具合を解消するために、例えば視認窓に開閉自在なシャッタを設け、必要な左折時のみシャッタを開にして、左折時に見え難い部分を視認可能にしたものがあった(例えば特許文献1参照)。   However, the above-described viewing window provided on the passenger seat side is effective for visually confirming when making a left turn, but there is a problem that the inside of the vehicle can be seen from the outside when the vehicle stops or goes straight. In order to solve such a problem, for example, there is a shutter that can be opened and closed in a viewing window, and the shutter is opened only when necessary when turning left so that a portion that is difficult to see when turning left can be seen (for example, Patent Documents). 1).

実願昭56−60914号のマイクロフィルムMicrofilm of actual application No. 56-60914 実願昭59−62454号のマイクロフィルムMicrofilm of actual application No.59-62454

しかしながら、上記特許文献1のように視認窓を設けた場合には、視認窓を介して直視できる範囲に対しての視界は確保できるが、サイドドアの直下近傍の路面状況を視認することはできないという問題があった。   However, when a viewing window is provided as in Patent Document 1, a field of view for a range that can be directly viewed through the viewing window can be secured, but the road surface condition immediately below the side door cannot be viewed. There was a problem.

一方、車両の運転席から見え難い部分としては、上記助手席側の側方車外に限られず、車両後方の車体近傍下部もあるため、例えば自動車後部の屋根側に設けたエアスポイラー本体の下向きとなる裏面に鏡を設けたものがある(例えば特許文献2参照)。この場合には、鏡を車両後方下部の様子を見ることができるように取り付けることにより、リアウィンドウを介して鏡に移った車両後方下部を視認することができる。しかしながら、車外の車両近傍かつ下部の路面状況を視認するためには、車外では車体表面に近い位置に鏡を取り付ける必要があり、車両後部のエアスポイラーに鏡を設ける場合には鏡の取り付け位置や面積が限定されてしまい、広範な視界を確保することができないという問題がある。   On the other hand, the part that is difficult to see from the driver's seat of the vehicle is not limited to the outside of the side vehicle on the passenger seat side, and there is also a lower part in the vicinity of the vehicle body at the rear of the vehicle. There is a mirror provided on the back surface (see, for example, Patent Document 2). In this case, by attaching the mirror so that the state of the lower rear portion of the vehicle can be seen, the lower rear portion of the vehicle moved to the mirror via the rear window can be visually recognized. However, in order to visually recognize the road surface condition in the vicinity of the vehicle outside and under the vehicle, it is necessary to attach a mirror at a position close to the vehicle body surface outside the vehicle, and when a mirror is provided on the air spoiler at the rear of the vehicle, There is a problem that the area is limited and a wide field of view cannot be secured.

このような課題を解決して、不必要時には車外から覗かれることなく、必要時には車外の車両近傍かつ下部の路面状況を容易に視認し得ると共に、広範な視界を確保し得ることを実現するために、本発明に於いては、運転席から車外を視認するために車両(1)に設けられた視認窓(3)と、前記視認窓の近傍に配設されたルーバ装置(6)とを有し、前記ルーバ装置は開閉可能な複数の可動板(8)を有し、前記複数の可動板は、前記運転席側に向けて所定開度で斜めに開いた所定開度状態を設定可能にされ、かつ前記複数の可動板の少なくとも一部の可動板の片面に前記所定開度状態で前記車外を前記運転席から視認可能に映すための反射鏡(11)が設けられているものとした。   In order to solve such problems and realize that it is possible to easily see the road surface condition near the vehicle outside and outside the vehicle when necessary and to ensure a wide field of view without being looked out from outside the vehicle when it is unnecessary. In addition, in the present invention, a visual window (3) provided in the vehicle (1) for visually recognizing the outside of the vehicle from the driver's seat, and a louver device (6) disposed in the vicinity of the visual window. The louver device has a plurality of movable plates (8) that can be opened and closed, and the plurality of movable plates can set a predetermined opening state that is obliquely opened at a predetermined opening toward the driver's seat side. And a reflecting mirror (11) is provided on one side of at least some of the plurality of movable plates so that the outside of the vehicle can be seen from the driver's seat in the predetermined opening state. did.

これによれば、視認窓を通して車外を確認すると共に不必要時には車外から覗かれることを防止し得るルーバ装置の可動板に反射鏡を設けたことから、各可動板が平行に並べて配置されている公知のルーバ装置において、複数の可動板を開いて互いに平行状態にすることにより視認窓を介して直接的に車外を視認することができることに加えて、所定開度(角度)にすることにより、視認窓の車外近傍かつ車体に近い部分を反射鏡で視認することができる。反射鏡を複数の可動板に設けた場合には、複数の可動板を配設した範囲となる視認窓と同等以上の広さで車外を視認することができ、可動板の1枚の面積が狭い場合でも、複数の反射鏡により全体で大きな反射面積となる。そして、上記視認窓を直接的に介して車外を視認しうる範囲に反射鏡を介して視認し得る範囲を加えることができ、視認窓の車外に対して広い範囲での視認が可能である。   According to this, since the reflecting mirror is provided on the movable plate of the louver device that can confirm the outside of the vehicle through the visual recognition window and can be prevented from being seen from the outside of the vehicle when unnecessary, the movable plates are arranged in parallel. In a known louver device, in addition to being able to visually recognize the outside of the vehicle directly through the visual window by opening a plurality of movable plates and making them parallel to each other, by setting a predetermined opening (angle), A portion of the viewing window near the outside of the vehicle and close to the vehicle body can be viewed with a reflecting mirror. In the case where the reflecting mirror is provided on a plurality of movable plates, the outside of the vehicle can be visually recognized with a width equal to or larger than the viewing window that is the range in which the plurality of movable plates are disposed. Even in a narrow case, the overall reflection area is large due to the plurality of reflecting mirrors. And the range which can be visually recognized via a reflective mirror can be added to the range which can visually recognize the exterior of a vehicle directly through the said visual recognition window, and visual recognition in a wide range is possible with respect to the exterior of the vehicle of a visual recognition window.

特に、前記複数の可動板の互いに隣接する一方の可動板の前記反射鏡に対向する他方の可動板の対向面に第2の反射鏡(13)が設けられていると良い。例えば、助手席側ドアの下部に視認窓を設け、さらに可動板の傾きにより視認窓の車外近傍の下部を反射鏡で視認する場合には、運転者のアイポイントよりも下方にルーバ装置が配置されていると、路面を映し出す反射鏡を直接見ることができ難くなる場合がある。それに対して、反射鏡と第2の反射鏡とで2回反射させることにより、第2の反射鏡が車内側すなわち運転者に向くようにすることができ、運転者は第2の反射鏡を見ることにより反射鏡に映し出された路面側を何等問題無く視認することができる。さらに、2回反射により、第2の反射鏡の像を可動板を透視して見ているかのような感覚で見ることができ、ルーバ装置の裏側(車外)を視認することができる。   In particular, it is preferable that the second reflecting mirror (13) is provided on the opposing surface of the other movable plate facing the reflecting mirror of one of the movable plates adjacent to each other. For example, when a viewing window is provided at the lower part of the passenger side door and the lower part of the viewing window near the outside of the vehicle is viewed with a reflecting mirror due to the inclination of the movable plate, a louver device is placed below the driver's eye point. If this is done, it may be difficult to directly see the reflector that reflects the road surface. On the other hand, by reflecting twice with the reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror can be made to face the inside of the vehicle, that is, the driver. By viewing, the road surface projected on the reflecting mirror can be seen without any problem. Furthermore, by the twice reflection, the image of the second reflecting mirror can be seen as if seen through the movable plate, and the back side (outside of the vehicle) of the louver device can be visually recognized.

さらに、前記ルーバ装置が前記視認窓の車内側に設けられ、前記視認窓に、前記車外であって上方からの入射光の透過を制限する視野角制限手段(14)が設けられていると良い。複数の可動板を閉じた状態では各可動板同士で重ならない部分が視認窓から車外に臨むようになり、その部分に反射鏡または第2の反射鏡の一部が露出していた場合には、上方からの太陽光を反射して、太陽光の入射角度によっては後方の車両や側方の歩行者等に反射光を当ててしまう虞があるが、視認窓に上方からの入射光の透過を制限する視野角制限手段を設けることにより、視野窓を通過して反射鏡または第2の反射鏡に至る入射光が制限されるため、反射光による後方車両や歩行者の眩しさが生じることを抑制し得る。この視野角抑制手段は上方からの入射光を制限するものなので、水平方向や下からの入射光は制限されずに鏡面に達することができ、視認窓の側方や下部に対する視認性は確保される。ここで上方とは、車両の水平状態における水平方向よりも上方であり、また、ルーバ装置の閉状態において第2の反射鏡に水平方向に入射した光が反射する角度よりも上方を意味する。なお、視野角制限手段としては視野角制限フィルムやそれに類するものであって良い。   Further, the louver device may be provided inside the viewing window, and the viewing window may be provided with viewing angle limiting means (14) for limiting the transmission of incident light from outside the vehicle and from above. . When a plurality of movable plates are closed, a portion that does not overlap each other will come out of the vehicle through the viewing window, and a part of the reflector or the second reflector is exposed in that portion. Depending on the incident angle of sunlight, there is a risk of reflecting reflected light to the vehicle behind and the pedestrians on the side, but the incident light from above is transmitted to the viewing window. By providing the viewing angle limiting means for limiting the incident light, the incident light that passes through the viewing window and reaches the reflecting mirror or the second reflecting mirror is limited, which causes dazzling of the rear vehicle or pedestrian due to the reflected light. Can be suppressed. Since this viewing angle suppression means limits the incident light from above, the incident light from the horizontal direction or from below can reach the mirror surface without being restricted, and the visibility to the side and bottom of the viewing window is ensured. The Here, “upward” means above the horizontal direction in the horizontal state of the vehicle and above the angle at which light incident on the second reflecting mirror in the horizontal direction is reflected in the closed state of the louver device. The viewing angle limiting means may be a viewing angle limiting film or the like.

また、前記一方の可動板に設けられた前記反射鏡と、前記他方の可動板に設けられた前記第2の反射鏡とが、それぞれ対応する前記可動板の各面の前記可動板を全閉にした状態で車内側及び車外側から見えないように互いに重なり合う範囲に設けられていると良い。これによれば、複数の可動板の各枢軸の間隔の設定により、隣接する可動板同士の全閉状態で重なり合う部分の重なり量を任意に設定可能であり、その重なり合う範囲に反射鏡及び第2の反射鏡を設けることにより、全閉状態で反射鏡及び第2の反射鏡同士が互いの反射面を隠すことができ、全閉状態において車外側だけでなく、車内側に対しても反射光が発生しないため、歩行者等に対してだけでなく、運転者に対しても反射光による眩しさを防止することができる。   In addition, the reflecting mirror provided on the one movable plate and the second reflecting mirror provided on the other movable plate fully close the movable plates on each surface of the corresponding movable plate. It is good to be provided in the range which mutually overlaps so that it may not be visible from the vehicle inner side and the vehicle outer side. According to this, by setting the distance between the pivots of the plurality of movable plates, it is possible to arbitrarily set the overlapping amount of the overlapping portions in the fully closed state between the adjacent movable plates, and the reflecting mirror and the second mirror are included in the overlapping range. By providing the reflecting mirror, the reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror can conceal each other's reflecting surface in the fully closed state, and the reflected light not only on the outside of the vehicle but also on the inside of the vehicle in the fully closed state. Therefore, dazzling due to reflected light can be prevented not only for pedestrians but also for drivers.

特に、前記可動板が、開閉方向が上下方向になるように設けられ、前記反射鏡が、前記可動板を閉状態にした場合に前記可動板の下向きになる面に設けられていると良い。これによれば、視認窓からの視認を必要としない可動板の閉状態で、反射鏡が下向きになることから、上方からの入射光が可動板に入射しても、その反射光が上向きに反射されることがないため、反射鏡が車内側に向いている場合には運転者が眩しくならず、反射鏡が車外側に向いている場合には車外の歩行者等が眩しくならない。あるいは、前記反射鏡が、前記可動板を閉状態にした場合に前記可動板の車内側になる面に設けられていると良い。これによれば、視認窓からの視認を必要としない可動板の閉状態で、反射鏡が車内に向けられるため、太陽光が反射鏡で反射されることが無く、後方車両の運転者や歩行者等に対する眩しさが生じることを防止し得る。   In particular, it is preferable that the movable plate is provided so that the opening and closing direction is the vertical direction, and the reflecting mirror is provided on a surface that faces downward when the movable plate is in a closed state. According to this, since the reflecting mirror faces downward in a closed state of the movable plate that does not require viewing from the viewing window, even if incident light from above enters the movable plate, the reflected light is directed upward. Since it is not reflected, the driver is not dazzled when the reflecting mirror is facing the inside of the vehicle, and a pedestrian outside the vehicle is not dazzling when the reflecting mirror is facing the outside of the vehicle. Alternatively, it is preferable that the reflecting mirror is provided on a surface of the movable plate that becomes the vehicle inner side when the movable plate is closed. According to this, since the reflecting mirror is directed into the vehicle in the closed state of the movable plate that does not require viewing from the viewing window, the sunlight is not reflected by the reflecting mirror, and the driver of the rear vehicle or walking It can prevent the glare with respect to a person etc. arising.

また、前記反射鏡が鏡面化処理により形成されていると共に、前記ルーバ装置の枠にも前記反射鏡と同じ鏡面化処理が施されていると良い。これによれば、反射鏡と共にルーバ装置の枠も同じ鏡面化処理を施すことにより、視認窓からの視認を必要としない可動板の閉状態で、反射鏡と枠との一体感を高めることができ、デザイン性を向上し得る。ここで鏡面化処理とは、可動板の表面にめっきやその他の皮膜処理により鏡面を形成することができるものであり、めっきの場合には電気めっき、溶融めっき、拡散めっき、蒸着めっき、無電解めっきを用いることができる。   The reflecting mirror may be formed by a mirroring process, and the same mirroring process as that of the reflecting mirror may be performed on the frame of the louver device. According to this, the same mirroring process is applied to the frame of the louver device together with the reflecting mirror, thereby enhancing the sense of unity between the reflecting mirror and the frame in the closed state of the movable plate that does not require viewing from the viewing window. This can improve the design. Here, the mirror surface treatment means that a mirror surface can be formed on the surface of the movable plate by plating or other film treatment. In the case of plating, electroplating, hot dipping, diffusion plating, vapor deposition plating, electroless Plating can be used.

このように本発明によれば、複数の可動板を開いて互いに平行状態にすることにより視認窓を介して直接的に車外を視認することができることに加えて、所定開度(角度)にすることにより、視認窓の車外近傍かつ車体に近い部分を反射鏡で視認することができると共に、視認窓を直接的に介して車外を視認しうる範囲に反射鏡を介して視認し得る範囲を加えることができ、視認窓の車外に対して広い範囲での視認が可能である。   As described above, according to the present invention, by opening the plurality of movable plates and making them parallel to each other, it is possible to visually recognize the outside of the vehicle directly through the viewing window, and at a predetermined opening (angle). As a result, a portion near the vehicle exterior of the viewing window and close to the vehicle body can be visually recognized with a reflecting mirror, and a range that can be visually recognized through the reflecting mirror is added to a range where the outside of the vehicle can be viewed directly through the viewing window. It is possible to visually recognize a wide range with respect to the outside of the viewing window.

本発明が適用された車両としての自動車の左斜め後方から見た斜視図である。It is the perspective view seen from the diagonal left back of the motor vehicle as a vehicle to which this invention was applied. (a)は、図1の矢印II−II線に沿って見た模式的断面図であり、図2(b)は図2(a)の矢印IIb線から見たドアの車内側表面の要部を示すである。FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a schematic view of the interior surface of the door viewed from the line IIb in FIG. Shows the part. (a)は可動板の全閉状態から所定角度開いた状態を示し、(b)は運転席のアイポイントから見た視線と平行に開いた状態を示し、(c)は全閉状態を示す図である。(A) shows a state where the movable plate is opened by a predetermined angle from the fully closed state, (b) shows a state opened parallel to the line of sight as viewed from the eye point of the driver's seat, and (c) shows a fully closed state. FIG. (a)は第2の実施形態の所定開度状態を示し、(b)は全閉状態を示す図である。(A) shows the predetermined opening degree state of 2nd Embodiment, (b) is a figure which shows a fully closed state. (a)は第3の実施家形態の所定開度状態を示し、(b)は全閉状態を示す図である。(A) shows the predetermined opening state of the third embodiment, and (b) is a diagram showing a fully closed state. 第4の実施形態の所定開度状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the predetermined opening state of 4th Embodiment.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面を参照しながら説明する。図1は本発明が適用された車両としての自動車の左斜め後方から見た斜視図である。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automobile as a vehicle to which the present invention is applied as seen from the diagonally left rear.

図1は、右ハンドル車における左折時の車体左側の視認性を補助するために、車体1の左側ドア2の下部に視認窓3を設けた例である。視認窓は、左折時用に限られるものではなく、後進時の後方確認のために図1の二点鎖線に示されるように後部パネル(図示例ではテールゲート4)の下部に後方下部視認窓5を設けても良く、また、図示しないが、運転席側となる右側ドアの下部に右側下部視認窓を設けても良い。なお、以下の説明では、図1の実線で示されているように視認窓3を左側ドア2の下部に設けた例を代表して示す。   FIG. 1 is an example in which a viewing window 3 is provided below the left door 2 of the vehicle body 1 in order to assist the visibility of the left side of the vehicle body when making a left turn in a right-hand drive vehicle. The viewing window is not limited to when turning left, and the rear lower viewing window is located below the rear panel (tailgate 4 in the illustrated example) as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 5 may be provided, and although not shown, a right lower viewing window may be provided in the lower part of the right door on the driver's seat side. In the following description, an example in which the viewing window 3 is provided below the left door 2 as shown by the solid line in FIG.

図2(a)は、図1の矢印II−II線に沿って見た模式的断面図であり、図2(b)は図2(a)の矢印IIb線から見たドア2の車内側表面の要部を示す図である。視認窓3は、ガラス等の透明な材質で形成されて左側ドア2の下部かつ前側部分に例えばはめ殺しで固設されていて良い。ドア2の視認窓3の車内側にはルーバ装置6が配設されている。   2A is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is the vehicle interior side of the door 2 seen from the line IIb in FIG. 2A. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the surface. The viewing window 3 may be formed of a transparent material such as glass, and may be fixed to the lower part and the front part of the left door 2 by, for example, snapping. A louver device 6 is disposed inside the viewing window 3 of the door 2.

ルーバ装置6は、本図示例では図2(b)に示されるように、ドア2の窓の下部となる範囲のパネル部分に取り付けられた板状の枠7と、枠7の車両前方部分に設けられた複数の可動板8とを有する。複数の可動板8は、それぞれ車両前後方向の軸線回りに回動自在に枠7により枢支され、同期して開閉するように図示されないリンク機構を介してモータ9により開度が制御されるようになっている。例えば左折時の車体1の左側の視認の場合には、図示されない方向指示器の左折操作に連動してモータ9を駆動して可動板8を開状態にすることができる。また、左折方向指示が解除されたらモータ9を逆転させて可動板8を閉じるようにして良い。   As shown in FIG. 2B, the louver device 6 includes a plate-like frame 7 attached to a panel portion in a range to be a lower portion of the window of the door 2 and a vehicle front portion of the frame 7. And a plurality of movable plates 8 provided. Each of the plurality of movable plates 8 is pivotally supported by a frame 7 so as to be rotatable about an axis in the vehicle longitudinal direction, and the opening degree is controlled by a motor 9 via a link mechanism (not shown) so as to open and close in synchronization. It has become. For example, in the case of visually recognizing the left side of the vehicle body 1 when turning left, the movable plate 8 can be opened by driving the motor 9 in conjunction with a left turn operation of a turn indicator (not shown). Further, when the left turn direction instruction is released, the motor 9 may be reversed to close the movable plate 8.

各可動板8は互いに同じ動作となるため、以下の可動板8の説明では一部のみ(隣接する2枚)を代表して説明する。特に断らない限り、他の可動板8も同じ構造である。   Since each movable plate 8 performs the same operation, only a part (two adjacent plates) will be described as a representative in the following description of the movable plate 8. Unless otherwise specified, the other movable plates 8 have the same structure.

図3に本ルーバ装置6における隣接する2枚の可動板8の側断面を示す。図3(a)は可動板8が、図3(c)の全閉状態(位置Pc)から所定角度θ開いた所定開度状態を示しており、図3(b)は運転席の運転者のアイポイント10から見た視線と平行になるように開いた状態を示しており、図3(c)は全閉状態を示している。この所定開度状態は、自動車の設計において標準モデルとなる運転者が着座した状態でのアイポイント10に向けられる角度であって良い。また、公知のドアミラーの角度調整のように、モータ制御装置に角度調整機能を設けて、運転者が任意の角度を設定可能にすることにより、アイポイント10の違いに応じて良好な所定開度状態を設定することができる。   FIG. 3 shows a side cross section of two adjacent movable plates 8 in the louver device 6. FIG. 3A shows a state in which the movable plate 8 is opened at a predetermined angle θ from the fully closed state (position Pc) in FIG. 3C, and FIG. 3B shows the driver in the driver's seat. FIG. 3C shows a fully open state in which the eye point 10 is opened in parallel with the line of sight as viewed from the eye point 10. The predetermined opening state may be an angle directed toward the eye point 10 in a state where a driver who becomes a standard model in the design of the automobile is seated. In addition, an angle adjustment function is provided in the motor control device as in the case of a known door mirror angle adjustment so that the driver can set an arbitrary angle. The state can be set.

可動板8には、図3(a)における下側となる面に平面鏡からなる反射鏡11が設けられている。反射鏡11は、反射率の高い材料を用いためっき処理で形成されたり、薄板状の鏡を貼り付けられたりしてなるものであって良い。また、可動板8の開閉における枢軸8aは図では可動板8の幅方向(図の紙面に沿う方向)の中点位置としているが、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば幅方向の一方の端部としても良い。   The movable plate 8 is provided with a reflecting mirror 11 formed of a plane mirror on the lower surface in FIG. The reflecting mirror 11 may be formed by plating using a material having high reflectivity, or may be formed by attaching a thin plate-like mirror. The pivot 8a for opening and closing the movable plate 8 is a midpoint position in the width direction of the movable plate 8 (the direction along the paper surface of the drawing) in the drawing, but is not particularly limited. For example, one end in the width direction It is good as a part.

図3(a)に示される可動板8の所定開度は、車外の車体1の近傍の路面部分12の像が反射鏡11を介してアイポイント10に至る角度に設定されている。図3(b)に示されるように可動板8が視線と平行状態で開いているルーバ装置6を介して車外を見る場合には図2(a)に示される死角DSが生じる。左折時に縁石等が死角DSにあると後輪が乗り上げる虞が生じる。   The predetermined opening degree of the movable plate 8 shown in FIG. 3A is set to an angle at which the image of the road surface portion 12 near the vehicle body 1 outside the vehicle reaches the eye point 10 via the reflecting mirror 11. When the outside of the vehicle is viewed through the louver device 6 in which the movable plate 8 is open in parallel with the line of sight as shown in FIG. 3B, a blind spot DS shown in FIG. If a curb or the like is in the blind spot DS when turning left, there is a risk that the rear wheel will ride.

それに対して、図3(a)に示される可動板8の所定開度状態では、反射鏡11に、車体1の近傍(上記死角DSに対応)の路面部分12が映るため、ルーバ装置6の各可動板8の隙間から車外を見る場合の死角DSとなり得る車体1に近い路面部分12を視認することができ、図示例における左折時の死角DSとなり得る部分の視認性が向上する。   On the other hand, in the predetermined opening state of the movable plate 8 shown in FIG. 3A, the road surface portion 12 in the vicinity of the vehicle body 1 (corresponding to the blind spot DS) is reflected on the reflecting mirror 11, so that the louver device 6 The road surface portion 12 close to the vehicle body 1 that can be a blind spot DS when looking outside the vehicle from the gap between the movable plates 8 can be visually recognized, and the visibility of the portion that can become the blind spot DS when turning left in the illustrated example is improved.

この場合、各可動板8の隙間の大きさ及び間隔を適切化することにより、各反射鏡11の幅が小さくても、連続した大きな像として見ることが可能であり、ルーバ装置6を設けた範囲一杯に路面部分12の像を映し出すようにして見ることができる。   In this case, by optimizing the size and interval of the gaps between the movable plates 8, even if the width of each reflecting mirror 11 is small, it can be seen as a continuous large image, and the louver device 6 is provided. It is possible to see the image of the road surface portion 12 in a full range.

また、全閉時には、図3(c)に示されるように反射鏡11が車内の下側に向く状態で可動板8が閉じられるようになっている。これにより、太陽光SLの反射鏡11による反射が下向きとなり、太陽光SLが運転者に向かって反射しないため、反射鏡11により眩しくなるというような問題は生じない。   When fully closed, the movable plate 8 is closed with the reflecting mirror 11 facing downward in the vehicle as shown in FIG. Thereby, since the reflection of the sunlight SL by the reflecting mirror 11 is directed downward and the sunlight SL is not reflected toward the driver, there is no problem that the reflecting mirror 11 becomes dazzling.

次に、第2の実施形態について図4を参照して説明する。なお、上記と同様の部分については同一の符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。この第2の実施の形態では、路面部分12を視認する反射鏡11が図4(a)の所定開度状態にて上側となる面に設けられ、その反射鏡11に対向する可動板8の下側となる面に凸面鏡からなる第2の反射鏡13が設けられている。この場合には、車体1に近い路面部分12の像が第2の反射鏡13と反射鏡11とで2回反射してアイポイント10に至る。   Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, about the part similar to the above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. In the second embodiment, the reflecting mirror 11 for visually recognizing the road surface portion 12 is provided on the upper surface in the predetermined opening state of FIG. 4A, and the movable plate 8 facing the reflecting mirror 11 is provided. A second reflecting mirror 13 made of a convex mirror is provided on the lower surface. In this case, the image of the road surface portion 12 close to the vehicle body 1 is reflected twice by the second reflecting mirror 13 and the reflecting mirror 11 and reaches the eye point 10.

このように2回反射させることにより、図における下側の可動板8をあたかも透視して見えるかのように路面部分12を見ることができる。これにより、運転者は、見たい方向を見た時に、見たい方向にある対象物を反射鏡11により見たい方向に映し出すことができるため、自然に見たい方向を視認することができる。   By reflecting twice in this way, the road surface portion 12 can be seen as if the lower movable plate 8 in the figure is seen through. Thereby, when the driver looks at the desired direction, the object in the desired direction can be displayed in the desired direction with the reflecting mirror 11, so that the driver can visually recognize the desired direction.

また、第2の反射鏡13として凸面鏡を用いており、これにより、より広い範囲の路面部分12を視認することができ、死角となり得る部分の視認性をより一層向上し得る。この場合、隣接する反射鏡11に映る範囲が互いにほぼ重ならないように、対応する各第2の反射鏡(凸面鏡)13の曲率を異ならせるように設定することにより、複数の反射鏡11からなる1つの鏡として1つの像を映し出すことができる。また、複数の可動板8の各開度もそれぞれ調整する(異なる)ことにより、複数の反射鏡11からなる大きな鏡に、1つの像として認知できる程度のより連続性をもった像を映し出すことが可能になる。   In addition, a convex mirror is used as the second reflecting mirror 13, whereby a wider range of the road surface portion 12 can be visually recognized, and the visibility of a portion that can become a blind spot can be further improved. In this case, a plurality of reflecting mirrors 11 are formed by setting the corresponding second reflecting mirrors (convex mirrors) 13 to have different curvatures so that the ranges reflected on the adjacent reflecting mirrors 11 do not substantially overlap each other. One image can be projected as one mirror. In addition, by adjusting (different) the opening of each of the plurality of movable plates 8, an image having a continuity that can be recognized as one image is displayed on a large mirror composed of a plurality of reflecting mirrors 11. Is possible.

なお、図示例では可動板8の車外側の半分となる部分に第2の反射鏡13を設けたものを示したが、可動板8の幅方向全体に亘る凸面鏡からなる第2の反射鏡を設けても良い。   In the illustrated example, the second reflecting mirror 13 is provided in the half of the movable plate 8 on the vehicle exterior side. However, the second reflecting mirror composed of a convex mirror over the entire width direction of the movable plate 8 is used. It may be provided.

また、可動板8の表裏両面に反射鏡11及び第2の反射鏡13を設けており、可動板8の全閉状態で車外を向くことになる全面に反射鏡11が設けられていることから、全閉状態では太陽光が視認窓3を通って反射鏡11に射し込む。そのため、太陽光SLの反射鏡11により反射された反射光を車外の通行人等が眩しく感じる虞が生じる。   In addition, the reflecting mirror 11 and the second reflecting mirror 13 are provided on both the front and back surfaces of the movable plate 8, and the reflecting mirror 11 is provided on the entire surface that faces the outside of the vehicle when the movable plate 8 is fully closed. In the fully closed state, sunlight enters the reflecting mirror 11 through the viewing window 3. For this reason, there is a possibility that a passerby outside the vehicle may feel the reflected light reflected by the reflecting mirror 11 of sunlight SL.

それに対しては、図4(b)に示されるように、ルーバ装置6は視認窓3の車内側に設けられており、車外の太陽光SLは視認窓3を介してルーバ装置6に入射することから、視認窓3の車外側の面に視野角制限手段としての視角制限フィルム14を貼り付けると良い。この視角制限フィルム14は所定方向からの入射光を通過させないようにする公知のものであって良く、その制限方向を上側からの入射とするように設ける。これにより、上からの太陽光SLが視認窓3を通過することが防止され、反射鏡11が車外を向いていても図の二点鎖線で示されるような太陽光SLの反射光は生じないため、通行人等に対する眩しさが防止される。なお、視角制限フィルム14は、下からの入射光は通過可能にするものであり、図4(a)に示されるように路面部分12の視認を何等問題無く行うことができる。   In contrast, as shown in FIG. 4B, the louver device 6 is provided inside the viewing window 3, and sunlight SL outside the vehicle enters the louver device 6 through the viewing window 3. Therefore, it is preferable to attach a viewing angle limiting film 14 as a viewing angle limiting means to the outer surface of the viewing window 3. The viewing angle limiting film 14 may be a known film that does not allow incident light from a predetermined direction to pass therethrough, and is provided so that the limiting direction is incident from above. As a result, the sunlight SL from above is prevented from passing through the viewing window 3, and the reflected light of the sunlight SL as shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure does not occur even when the reflecting mirror 11 faces the outside of the vehicle. Therefore, dazzling for passersby is prevented. The viewing angle limiting film 14 allows incident light from below to pass therethrough, and the road surface portion 12 can be visually recognized without any problem as shown in FIG.

また、全閉状態では、図4(b)に示されるように車内側を向くことになる第2の反射鏡13が可動板8により覆われるようになるため、上記したように車内側からの太陽光の入射が第2の反射鏡13で反射されることが無く、運転者に対する眩しさが生じることが無い。このように、車外側から視認窓3・ルーバ装置6の順に配置されていることにより、車外からの太陽光SLの反射による歩行者等への眩しさ防止と、車内での太陽光SLの反射による運転者への眩しさ防止対策を上記構造により容易かつ好適に行うことができる。   Further, in the fully closed state, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the second reflecting mirror 13 that faces the inside of the vehicle is covered with the movable plate 8. The incident sunlight is not reflected by the second reflecting mirror 13, and the driver is not dazzled. In this manner, the visual window 3 and the louver device 6 are arranged in this order from the outside of the vehicle, thereby preventing glare to pedestrians and the like due to reflection of sunlight SL from outside the vehicle and reflection of sunlight SL in the vehicle. Due to the above structure, the anti-glare prevention measures for the driver can be easily and suitably performed.

次に、第3の実施形態を図5を参照して説明する。なお、上記と同様の部分については同一の符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。この第3の実施の形態では、図5(a)に示されるように、可動板8の上側の面には可動板8の幅方向半分程度に反射鏡11が設けられている。そして、図5(b)に示されるように全閉状態で反射鏡11と第2反射鏡13とが互いに対面し、それぞれの可動板8により外方に対して遮蔽されるようになっている。   Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, about the part similar to the above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, the reflecting mirror 11 is provided on the upper surface of the movable plate 8 in about half the width direction of the movable plate 8. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the reflecting mirror 11 and the second reflecting mirror 13 face each other in the fully closed state and are shielded from the outside by the respective movable plates 8. .

これにより、車外からの太陽光SLが入射しても、その入射光は可動板8の反射鏡11が設けられていない車外に向いた部分に入射するだけであり、その反射光が車外の通行人等に対して眩しくなることは無い。また、車内側からの太陽光SLの入射も第2反射鏡13が設けられていない車内に向いた部分に入射するだけであり、その反射光が運転者に対して眩しくなることは無い。   Thereby, even if sunlight SL from the outside of the vehicle is incident, the incident light is only incident on a portion of the movable plate 8 facing the outside where the reflecting mirror 11 is not provided, and the reflected light passes outside the vehicle. There is no dazzling for people. Moreover, the incidence of sunlight SL from the inside of the vehicle is only incident on the portion facing the vehicle in which the second reflecting mirror 13 is not provided, and the reflected light does not become dazzling for the driver.

可動板8の所定開度の例として上記実施形態では車内側に向いた面が下向きになる角度の例を示したが、可動板8の所定開度における傾き方向としては逆であっても良く、その例を第4の実施形態として図6を参照して説明する。なお、上記と同様の部分については同一の符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。   As an example of the predetermined opening degree of the movable plate 8, in the above-described embodiment, an example of an angle at which the surface facing the vehicle inner side is downward is shown. However, the inclination direction of the movable plate 8 at the predetermined opening degree may be reversed. An example thereof will be described as a fourth embodiment with reference to FIG. In addition, about the part similar to the above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

図6に示されるように、所定開度における可動板8の上側に向く面に反射鏡11が設けられ、下側に向く面に第2の反射鏡13が設けられている。路面12の像は第2の反射鏡13で反射して反射鏡11に映り込み、その反射鏡11に映った像がアイポイント10に至る光路は上記第3の実施形態と同様である。この場合にはアイポイント10からルーバ装置6に対する見下げ角度(図のθに相当)が小さい(浅い)場合に有効である。   As shown in FIG. 6, the reflecting mirror 11 is provided on the surface facing the upper side of the movable plate 8 at the predetermined opening, and the second reflecting mirror 13 is provided on the surface facing the lower side. The image of the road surface 12 is reflected by the second reflecting mirror 13 and reflected on the reflecting mirror 11, and the optical path from which the image reflected on the reflecting mirror 11 reaches the eye point 10 is the same as in the third embodiment. This is effective when the look-down angle (corresponding to θ in the figure) from the eye point 10 to the louver device 6 is small (shallow).

このように、アイポイント10とルーバ装置6との位置関係がどのような場合に対しても対応可能であり、汎用性の高いルーバ装置を提供し得る。   In this way, it is possible to deal with any case where the positional relationship between the eye point 10 and the louver device 6 is high, and it is possible to provide a highly versatile louver device.

また、左折時等における視認の必要性が無い場合には、可動板8を全閉状態にして車外から視認窓3を介して覗かれることを防止するために、可動板8を全閉状態にすると良いが、例えば図3の第1の実施形態の場合には、反射鏡11が車内側に向くことになる。反射鏡11は、上記したようにめっき処理したものであって良く、その場合にはさらに枠7の車内側に向いた面を同じめっき処理すると良い。これにより、可動板8を閉じた時の一体感が生まれ、ルーバ装置6の美観性が向上する。なお、めっき処理の場合には反射率がガラス製の鏡よりは劣る場合もあるが、視認性としては十分に機能し得る。   Further, when there is no need for visual recognition at the time of a left turn or the like, the movable plate 8 is fully closed in order to prevent the movable plate 8 from being fully viewed through the visual window 3 from outside the vehicle. However, for example, in the case of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the reflecting mirror 11 faces the inside of the vehicle. The reflecting mirror 11 may be plated as described above, and in that case, the surface of the frame 7 facing the inside of the vehicle may be further plated. As a result, a sense of unity is created when the movable plate 8 is closed, and the aesthetics of the louver device 6 are improved. In the case of plating treatment, the reflectance may be inferior to that of a glass mirror, but it can function sufficiently as visibility.

以上、本発明に基づくルーバ装置6の一例を示したが、上記図示例に限られるものではなく、種々の形態が対応可能である。また、上記した反射光の歩行者等への眩しさ防止対策は、図1に示されるようにリアドア4の下部に設けた後方下部視認窓5に対応させてルーバ装置6を設けた場合に、後方車両の運転者に対する反射光による眩しさの防止としても同様に有効である。   As mentioned above, although an example of the louver device 6 based on this invention was shown, it is not restricted to the said illustration example, Various forms can respond | correspond. In addition, the above-described measures for preventing glare on pedestrians of reflected light are provided when the louver device 6 is provided corresponding to the rear lower viewing window 5 provided at the lower part of the rear door 4 as shown in FIG. It is also effective for preventing glare caused by reflected light with respect to the driver of the vehicle behind.

また、可動板8の開閉方向は上記実施形態に限られるものではなく、上記実施形態では可動板8の枢軸8aを車両における前後方向に延在する向きに設けたが、上下方向にしても良い。可動板8の枢軸8aを上下方向にすることにより、視認窓3の車外の後方部分をサイドミラー(ドアミラー)のように視認することができる。また、可動板8の枢軸8aを車体1に対して後傾するように設けることもでき、その場合には、視認窓3の車外の後方かつ下部となる部分を視認することができる。   Further, the opening / closing direction of the movable plate 8 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, the pivot 8a of the movable plate 8 is provided in the direction extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. . By setting the pivot 8a of the movable plate 8 in the vertical direction, the rear portion of the viewing window 3 outside the vehicle can be viewed like a side mirror (door mirror). Further, the pivot 8a of the movable plate 8 can be provided so as to be tilted backward with respect to the vehicle body 1, and in this case, the portion of the visual recognition window 3 that is the rear and lower part outside the vehicle can be visually recognized.

また、上記実施形態ではルーバ装置6として設けられた全ての可動板8に反射鏡11を設けたものとして説明したが、必ずしも全ての可動板8に反射鏡11を設ける必要は無く、一部として少なくとも1枚以上の可動板8に反射鏡11を設けるものであっても良い。例えば1枚の可動板8の面積が反射鏡11として視認するのに充分な広さのものであれば、その1枚の可動板8のみに反射鏡11を設け、その他の可動板8に反射鏡11を設けなくても良い。また、2回反射させる使用の場合には、対向する可動板8の一方に反射鏡11を設け、他方に第2の反射鏡13を設けるものであり、その場合には反射鏡11と第2の反射鏡13とで1組として、少なくとも1組以上の反射鏡11及び第2の反射鏡13を設けるようにすれば良い。   Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated as what provided the reflecting mirror 11 in all the movable plates 8 provided as the louver apparatus 6, it is not necessary to provide the reflecting mirror 11 in all the movable plates 8, and as a part The reflecting mirror 11 may be provided on at least one movable plate 8. For example, if the area of one movable plate 8 is large enough to be visually recognized as the reflecting mirror 11, the reflecting mirror 11 is provided only on that one movable plate 8, and the other movable plate 8 is reflected. The mirror 11 may not be provided. Further, in the case of the use of reflecting twice, the reflecting mirror 11 is provided on one of the opposed movable plates 8 and the second reflecting mirror 13 is provided on the other. In this case, the reflecting mirror 11 and the second reflecting mirror 13 are provided. It is sufficient to provide at least one or more sets of the reflecting mirror 11 and the second reflecting mirror 13 as one set with the reflecting mirror 13.

1 車体(車両)
3 視認窓
6 ルーバ装置
8 可動板
11 反射鏡
13 第2の反射鏡
14 視野角制御フィルム(視野角制限手段)
1 Body (vehicle)
3 viewing window 6 louver device 8 movable plate 11 reflecting mirror 13 second reflecting mirror 14 viewing angle control film (viewing angle limiting means)

Claims (7)

運転席から車外を視認するために車両に設けられた視認窓と、前記視認窓の近傍に配設されたルーバ装置とを有し、
前記ルーバ装置は開閉可能な複数の可動板を有し、
前記複数の可動板は、前記運転席側に向けて所定開度で斜めに開いた所定開度状態を設定可能にされ、かつ前記複数の可動板の少なくとも一部の可動板の片面に前記所定開度状態で前記車外を前記運転席から視認可能に映すための反射鏡が設けられていることを特徴とする車両用車外視認装置。
A visual window provided in the vehicle for visually recognizing the outside of the vehicle from the driver's seat, and a louver device disposed in the vicinity of the visual window,
The louver device has a plurality of movable plates that can be opened and closed,
The plurality of movable plates can be set in a predetermined opening state that is obliquely opened at a predetermined opening toward the driver seat side, and the predetermined plate is provided on one side of at least a part of the plurality of movable plates. A vehicular outside-view device for a vehicle, wherein a reflecting mirror is provided for projecting the outside of the vehicle from the driver's seat in an opening state.
前記複数の可動板の互いに隣接する一方の可動板の前記反射鏡に対向する他方の可動板の対向面に第2の反射鏡が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用車外視認装置。   2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a second reflecting mirror is provided on an opposing surface of the other movable plate facing the reflecting mirror of one of the movable plates adjacent to each other. Vehicle exterior visual recognition device. 前記ルーバ装置が前記視認窓の車内側に設けられ、
前記視認窓に、前記車外であって上方からの入射光の透過を制限する視野角制限手段が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両用車外視認装置。
The louver device is provided inside the viewing window,
The vehicular visual recognition device for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a viewing angle restriction means for restricting transmission of incident light from above and outside the vehicle is provided in the visual recognition window.
前記一方の可動板に設けられた前記反射鏡と、前記他方の可動板に設けられた前記第2の反射鏡とが、それぞれ対応する前記可動板の各面の前記可動板を全閉にした状態で車内側及び車外側から見えないように互いに重なり合う範囲に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両用車外視認装置。   The reflecting mirror provided on the one movable plate and the second reflecting mirror provided on the other movable plate fully close the movable plates on each surface of the corresponding movable plate. The in-vehicle outside-view device for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the in-vehicle outside-view device is provided in an overlapping range so as not to be seen from the inside and outside of the vehicle. 前記可動板が、開閉方向が上下方向になるように設けられ、
前記反射鏡が、前記可動板を閉状態にした場合に前記可動板の下向きになる面に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用車外視認装置。
The movable plate is provided such that the opening and closing direction is the vertical direction,
The vehicular visual recognition device according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting mirror is provided on a surface of the movable plate that faces downward when the movable plate is in a closed state.
前記反射鏡が、前記可動板を閉状態にした場合に前記可動板の車内側になる面に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用車外視認装置。   The vehicular visual recognition device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting mirror is provided on a surface of the movable plate that becomes the inside of the vehicle when the movable plate is closed. 前記反射鏡が鏡面化処理により形成されていると共に、
前記ルーバ装置の枠にも前記反射鏡と同じ鏡面化処理が施されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれかに記載の車両用車外視認装置。
The reflecting mirror is formed by a mirroring process,
The vehicle exterior visual recognition device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the frame of the louver device is subjected to the same mirroring process as that of the reflecting mirror.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019156012A (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-19 株式会社ホンダアクセス Door visor for vehicle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60174679U (en) * 1984-04-27 1985-11-19 富士重工業株式会社 Automotive air spoiler
JPH0347833U (en) * 1989-09-19 1991-05-07
JP2000203340A (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-07-25 Murakami Corp Rear view device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60174679U (en) * 1984-04-27 1985-11-19 富士重工業株式会社 Automotive air spoiler
JPH0347833U (en) * 1989-09-19 1991-05-07
JP2000203340A (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-07-25 Murakami Corp Rear view device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019156012A (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-19 株式会社ホンダアクセス Door visor for vehicle

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