JP2011188600A - Charging system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charging system that is configured to highly efficiently charge a battery from an external power supply by utilizing a converter for driving a motor, thereby reducing pulsation of a battery current in charging the battery. <P>SOLUTION: The charging system comprises a battery 14, a converter 34, and a control part 40. The converter 34 includes a first element 42 and a second element 44 having switching elements S1...S4 and reactors L1, L2, respectively. The control part 40 includes: a first mode control means 48 which inputs power output from the battery 14 to the converter 34, and applies a voltage output from the converter 34 to the motor 38; and a second mode control means 50 which inputs a voltage from the external AC power supply 12 to the first element 42, supplies a DC voltage output after voltage conversion by the first element 42 and voltage conversion by the second element 44 to the battery 14, and charges the battery 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a charging system including a battery, a converter connected to the battery, a motor connected to the converter, and a control unit.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electric vehicles such as an electric vehicle using a motor mounted on the vehicle as a drive source of the vehicle and a hybrid vehicle using at least one of an engine and a motor mounted on the vehicle as a main drive source of the vehicle are known. Such an electric vehicle is equipped with a battery for supplying electric power to the motor. Further, it is considered that a charging system including a motor drive device that is a power control device is configured so that power can be exchanged between an AC power supply outside the vehicle and a battery.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration of an example of a charging system that has been conventionally considered, using the configuration described in Patent Document 1 as an example of such a charging system. The charging system includes a motor driving device 10 and an external AC power source 12. The motor drive device 10 includes a battery 14, a converter 16 connected to the battery 14, an inverter unit 18 connected to the converter 16, a first motor generator (MG1) 20 and a second motor connected to the inverter unit 18. A generator (MG2) 22, a charging additional circuit 24, and a connector 26 are included.

  Inverter unit 18 includes two inverters (not shown), and each inverter is connected to corresponding motor generators 20 and 22. The first motor generator 20 has functions of a motor and a generator and is mainly used as a generator, but may be used as a motor. The second motor generator 22 has functions of a motor and a generator, and is mainly used as a motor, but may be used as a generator. Each motor generator 20, 22 is, for example, a three-phase motor. The voltage of the battery 14 is boosted by the converter 16 and then supplied to the inverter. Each inverter includes a plurality of switching elements and a diode connected in antiparallel to each switching element. On / off of the switching element is controlled based on a control signal from a control unit (not shown), and the corresponding motor generator 20, 22 is controlled. Drive.

  The converter 16 includes two switching elements S1 and S2 connected in series, a diode connected in antiparallel to the switching elements S1 and S2, and a reactor L connected to the midpoint of the two switching elements S1 and S2. In addition, on / off of each switching element S1, S2 is controlled by a control signal from a control unit (not shown). Further, a connector 26 is connected between the positive electrode side connecting portion of the converter 16 and the inverter unit 18 and the positive electrode side of the battery 14 via the charging additional circuit 24. When the connector 26 is connected to the connector 28 on the external AC power supply 12 side, the external AC power supply 12 is connected to the battery 14 via the connector 26.

  The charging additional circuit 24 includes a diode rectifier as a rectifying element and a capacitor as a filter, and rectifies AC power from the external AC power supply 12. Further, a switch 30 is provided between the output-side positive terminal of the converter 16 and the input-side positive terminal of the inverter unit 18.

  In such a charging system, with the external AC power supply 12 connected to the battery 14 via the connector 26, the switching element of the converter 16 is controlled to be turned on / off, so that the power factor of the current on the external AC power supply 12 side is 1 It is possible to charge the battery 14 from the external AC power source 12 while controlling the power. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the converter 16 when charging is performed using this charging system. When switching element S1 on the positive side of converter 16 is turned on, current iL1 flows through reactor L and energy is stored in reactor L, as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. On the other hand, when the switching element S1 on the positive electrode side is turned off, a current iL2 flows as shown by a broken line arrow in FIG. 14, and the energy accumulated in the reactor L via the diode on the negative electrode side of the converter 16 is stored in the battery. 14 and the battery 14 is charged. At this time, the charging power is adjusted by adjusting the duty ratio Ton / Ta when the on / off current ratio of the switching elements S1 and S2, that is, the switching cycle is Ta, and the on-time of the positive side switching element S1 is Ton. The power supply current on the external AC power supply 12 side is controlled to a sinusoidal wave having a power factor of 1 and without distortion, thereby suppressing the generation of harmonic current.

  In the case of the configuration of FIG. 13, the battery 14 is charged from the external AC power supply 12 using the converter 16, so that it is not necessary to operate the inverter and the motor generators 20 and 22, and the loss in the inverter and the motor generators 20 and 22. As a result, charging efficiency is improved. In addition, since the step-up / step-down converter 16 is used for charging, the battery 14 can be charged regardless of whether the voltage of the battery 14 is higher or lower than the voltage of the external AC power supply 12. In addition, the battery 14 can be charged from the outside without using a dedicated charger.

  In addition to Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2 is a prior art document related to the present invention.

JP 2010-11699 A JP-A-10-136570

  However, in the case of the configuration of FIG. 13, charging power is used to control the power supply current on the external AC power supply 12 side, but the instantaneous value of the charging power pulsates at twice the power supply frequency. For this reason, it is a direct current output and the current input to the battery 14, that is, the waveform of the battery current may pulsate.

  FIG. 15A is a diagram showing measured operation waveforms of the voltage and current of the external AC power supply during charging in the configuration of FIG. FIG. 15B is a diagram showing measured operation waveforms of the battery voltage (battery voltage) and the battery-side current (battery current) during charging in the configuration of FIG. 15A and 15B, “AC power supply side current × 20” and “battery side current × 5” mean that the obtained current values are expressed by 20 times and 5 times, respectively (see FIG. 5A described later). 5B, FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, FIG. 9A, and FIG. 9B, the meaning of “x” is the same). Note that a lithium ion battery is used for the battery 14 (FIG. 13).

  As shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, in the measured waveform on the external AC power supply side, the power supply current is controlled to a power factor of the same phase with respect to the power supply voltage and a sinusoidal waveform without harmonics. The current waveform pulsates at twice the power supply frequency.

  If the battery current pulsates in this way, the time required to fully charge the battery 14 may become longer, or the battery 14 may generate heat or deteriorate performance. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the allowable value of the charging current with respect to the SOC, which is the charging ratio of the battery 14 during charging, in the configuration of FIG. 13 in two examples with different ambient temperatures. As the SOC of the battery 14 increases due to charging, the average value of the battery voltage increases accordingly. For this reason, when there is an influence of the pulsating current, when the battery voltage fluctuates and reaches near the maximum value of the allowable voltage of the battery 14, it is necessary to lower the average value of the charging current. For this reason, even when the battery 14 is charged with the rated charging current, it is necessary to reduce the charging current in accordance with the increase in the SOC at a certain SOC or higher. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, when the ambient temperature of the battery 14 is 20 ° C., the battery voltage reaches the maximum allowable voltage when the SOC is around 80%. .

  On the other hand, when the ambient temperature of the battery 14 is 0 ° C., which is a low temperature, the impedance of the battery 14 increases, and the voltage fluctuation with respect to the pulsation of the battery current increases. For this reason, the battery voltage reaches the maximum allowable voltage near 60% of the SOC. For this reason, in a low temperature environment, it is necessary to lower the value of the charging current with a lower SOC value, and the time required to fully charge the battery 14 becomes longer. In addition, since the battery voltage fluctuates, the battery may generate heat or cause performance degradation. For these reasons, it is desired to realize a configuration that can suppress battery current pulsation when the battery 14 is charged.

  Patent Document 2 proposes a configuration in which a battery is charged by an external AC power source using a boost converter. In this configuration, a switch is provided between the battery and the converter for switching whether the positive electrode side of the battery is connected to one end of the converter reactor or the positive electrode output side of the converter. Further, two diodes are connected in series between the input terminals of the inverter, and a connector is connected between one end of the reactor and an intermediate point of the two diodes. An external AC power supply is connected to the connector. At the time of charging, the switch is switched so that the positive electrode side of the battery is connected to the positive electrode output side of the converter, the converter is operated, the power is converted, and the battery is charged.

  However, in the case of the configuration of Patent Document 2, the battery current input to the battery may pulsate as in the case of the configuration of FIG. In this configuration, the external AC power supply current cannot be controlled unless the battery voltage is equal to or greater than the maximum value of the external AC power supply voltage.

  An object of the present invention is to suppress pulsation of battery current during charging of a battery in a charging system with a configuration in which a battery for charging a battery can be charged from an external power source using a converter for driving a motor.

  A charging system according to the present invention is a charging system including a battery, a converter connected to the battery, a motor connected to the converter, and a control unit. The converter includes at least a first element and a second element. The first element includes a first arm having two first switching elements connected in series, and a first energy storage element connected to an intermediate point of the first arm, and the second element includes A second arm having two second switching elements connected in series and a second energy storage element connected to an intermediate point of the second arm, and an external AC power source is connected to the converter The control unit inputs the power output from the battery to the converter, and applies the voltage output from the converter directly or indirectly to the motor; and the external AC power source The second mode control means for charging the battery by supplying the DC voltage output after the voltage is input to the first element, the voltage is converted by the first element, and then the voltage is converted by the second element. And a charging system characterized by comprising:

  In the charging system according to the present invention, preferably, the converter is connected to an external AC power supply via a connector.

  In the charging system according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second mode control unit includes the first element and the second element so that the first element functions as a step-up converter and the second element functions as a step-down converter. Control switching.

  In the charging system according to the present invention, preferably, the converter is connected to an external AC power supply via a rectifier, the positive side of the rectifier is connected to the first energy storage element, and the negative side of the rectifier is the negative side of the battery. It is connected to the.

  The charging system according to the present invention preferably includes a first switch and a second switch, and one side of the first switch is connected to the positive side of the battery and one side of the second switch. The second side is connected between the first energy storage element and the positive side of the rectifier, and the other side of the second switch is connected to the side opposite to the second arm connection side of the second energy storage element, The mode control means turns off the first switch, turns on the second switch, and controls the switching of the first element, thereby controlling the power factor of the AC input current and controlling the switching of the second element. Thus, the battery current flowing through the battery is controlled smoothly, and the battery is charged from the external AC power supply.

  In the charging system according to the present invention, preferably, the charging system includes two capacitors connected in series, and includes a first connection capacitor connected in parallel to the first arm and the second arm. Two terminals that can be connected to an external AC power source are connected to the side opposite to the one-arm connection side and the intermediate point of the series connection capacitor.

  The charging system according to the present invention preferably includes a first switch and a second switch, and one side of the first switch is connected to the positive side of the battery and one side of the second switch. The other side of the second switch is connected to the side opposite to the second arm connection side of the second energy storage element, and the second mode control is performed. The means turns off the first switch, turns on the second switch, controls the switching of the first element, controls the power factor of the AC input current, and controls the switching of the second element. The battery current flowing through the battery is controlled smoothly, and the battery is charged from the external AC power source.

  In the charging system according to the present invention, preferably, the converter includes a third arm having two third switching elements connected in series, and a third energy storage element connected to an intermediate point of the third arm. , Wherein the third arm is connected in parallel to the first arm, and the side of the third energy storage element opposite to the third arm connection side is the first energy storage element of the first energy storage element. The second mode control means switches each element so that the first element and the third element function as a step-up converter and the second element functions as a step-down converter. To control.

  In the charging system according to the present invention, preferably, the converter includes a third arm having two third switching elements connected in series, and a third energy storage element connected to an intermediate point of the third arm. The third arm is connected in parallel to the first arm, and is opposite to the first arm connection side of the first energy storage element, and the third arm of the third energy storage element. Two terminals connectable to the external AC power supply are connected to the opposite side of the arm connection side, respectively, and the second mode control means causes the first element and the third element to function as a boost converter, and The switching of each element is controlled so that the element functions as a step-down converter.

  Moreover, the charging system according to the present invention preferably includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch, wherein one side of the first switch is a positive side of the battery, one side of the second switch, and one side of the third switch. The other side of the first switch is connected to the external AC power source connection side of the first energy storage element, and the other side of the second switch is opposite to the second arm connection side of the second energy storage element. The other side of the third switch is connected to the external AC power source connection side of the third energy storage element, and the second mode control means turns off the first switch and the third switch, and turns the second switch In addition to turning on, the power factor of the AC input current is controlled by controlling the switching of the first element and the second element, and the battery power flowing through the battery is controlled by controlling the switching of the second element. The was smoothly controlled, it is charged from an external AC power source to the battery.

  According to the charging system of the present invention, the pulsation of the battery current during charging of the battery can be suppressed with a configuration in which the battery can be charged from the external power source to the battery using a converter for driving the motor.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging system of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a first arm switching control method in the charge control method using the configuration of FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the structure of an example of the electric current instruction | command production | generation part which the control part of FIG. 1 has. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a switching control method for a second arm in the charge control method using the configuration of FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the operating waveform of the voltage of an external alternating current power supply at the time of charge in the structure of FIG. 1, and an electric current. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the operation waveform of the battery voltage (battery voltage) at the time of charge in the structure of FIG. 1, and a battery side electric current (battery current). It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging system of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a first arm switching control method in the charge control method using the configuration of FIG. 6. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the operation waveform of the voltage of an external alternating current power supply at the time of charge in the structure of FIG. 6, and an electric current. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the operation waveform of the battery voltage (battery voltage) at the time of charge in the structure of FIG. 6, and a battery side electric current (battery current). It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the operating waveform of the voltage of an external alternating current power supply at the time of the alternating current side output of the battery power in the structure of FIG. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the operation waveform of the battery voltage (battery voltage) at the time of the alternating current side output of the battery power in the structure of FIG. 6 and a battery side electric current (battery current). It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging system of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging system of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the charging system of the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of one example of the charging system considered conventionally. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the converter in the case of charging using the structure of FIG. It is a figure which shows the measurement operation | movement waveform of the voltage and electric current of the external alternating current power supply at the time of charge in the structure of FIG. It is a figure which shows the measurement operation | movement waveform of the battery voltage (battery voltage) at the time of charge in the structure of FIG. 13, and a battery side current (battery current). It is a figure which shows the allowable value of the charging current with respect to SOC which is the charge ratio of the battery at the time of charge in the structure of FIG. 13 in two examples from which ambient temperature differs.

[First Embodiment]
1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention. The charging system of the present embodiment includes a motor drive device 32 and an external AC power supply 12. The motor drive device 32 is connected to the battery 14 that is a vehicle-mounted battery, the converter 34 that is connected to the battery 14 via the first switch R1 and the second switch R2, the inverter 36 that is connected to the converter 34, and the inverter 36. The motor 38, the charging additional circuit 24, the connector 26, and the control unit 40 are included. Such a motor drive device 32 is mounted on an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle using a battery as a power source and a motor as a vehicle drive source, or a hybrid vehicle including an engine and a motor as a vehicle drive source. The battery 14 can be charged from the power supply 12.

  The motor 38 is, for example, a three-phase motor. When the motor 38 is driven, the voltage of the battery 14 is boosted by the converter 34 and then output to the inverter 36. Inverter 36 includes a plurality of switching elements and a diode connected in antiparallel to each switching element.

  Converter 34 includes a first element 42 and a second element 44. The first element 42 includes a first arm A1 having two first switching elements S1, S2 connected in series, and a diode connected in antiparallel to each first switching element S1, S2, and a first arm A1. , That is, a first reactor L1 that is a first energy storage element connected to a connection point that is a midpoint between the two first switching elements S1 and S2.

  The second element 44 includes a second arm A2 having two second switching elements S3 and S4 connected in series, and a diode connected in antiparallel to the second switching elements S3 and S4, and a second arm A2. , That is, a second reactor L2 that is a second energy storage element connected to a connection point that is a middle point between the two second switching elements S3 and S4. Each switching element S1, S2, S3, S4 is a transistor, IGBT, etc., for example. The first arm A1 and the second arm A2 are connected in parallel to the inverter 36. Further, a smoothing capacitor C is connected between the output side terminal of the converter 34 and the input side terminal of the inverter 36.

  The converter 34 can be connected to the external AC power supply 12 via the connector 26 and the charging additional circuit 24. The charging additional circuit 24 includes a diode rectifier 46 such as a diode rectifier bridge including a diode rectifier element, and an AC filter having a capacitor connected to the AC side of the diode rectifier 46, and receives AC power from the external AC power supply 12. Rectify. Therefore, the converter 34 can be connected to the external AC power supply 12 via the connector 26 and the diode rectifier 46. The positive side of the diode rectifier 46 is connected to one end of the first reactor L 1, and the negative side of the diode rectifier 46 is connected to the negative side of the battery 14. When the connector 26 is connected to the connector 28 on the external AC power supply 12 side, the external AC power supply 12 is connected to the battery 14 via the connectors 26 and 28. For example, the voltage of the external AC power supply 12 has an effective value of 100V, and the voltage of the battery 14 is 140V or less.

  Further, one side (left side in FIG. 1) of the first switch R1 is connected to the positive side of the battery 14 and one side (left side in FIG. 1) of the second switch R2. The other side of the first switch R1 (the right side in FIG. 1) is connected between the first reactor L1 and the positive electrode side of the diode rectifier 46, that is, a connection point. Further, the other side of the second switch R2 (the right side in FIG. 1) is connected to the opposite side of the second reactor L2 to the second arm A2 connection side. A second capacitor Ca is connected between a connection point between the second switch R2 and the second reactor L2 and the negative electrode side of the battery 14.

  The on / off states of the switching elements S1, S2, S3, and S4 of the first element 42 and the second element 44 are controlled by a control signal from the control unit 40. That is, the control unit 40 includes first mode control means 48 and second mode control means 50. The control unit 40 includes a microcomputer having a CPU, a memory, and the like.

  The first mode control means 48 inputs the power output from the battery 14 to the converter 34 and switches the arms A1 and A2 so that the voltage output from the converter 34 is applied to the motor 38 via the inverter 36. And the inverter 36 is controlled. That is, the inverter 36 controls the on / off of the switching element based on the control signal from the control unit 40 and drives the motor 38. In this case, the first mode control means 48 turns on the first switch R1 and the second switch R2. In this case, the connector 28 on the external AC power supply 12 side is removed from the connector 26, and the external AC power supply 12 is disconnected from the converter 34. Further, the positive-side switching elements S1 and S3 are simultaneously turned on / off in the arms A1 and A2, that is, in the same phase, and the negative-side switching elements S2 and S4 are simultaneously turned on in the same phase. ON / OFF control by phase. It is also possible to control only the switching elements S1 and S3 (or S2 and S4) on the positive side or the negative side and keep the other off.

  The positive-side switching elements S1 and S3 of the arms A1 and A2 and the negative-side switching elements S2 and S4 of the arms A1 and A2 are switched by shifting the phase by 180 degrees, that is, by shifting the timing. You can also In this case, the pulsation of the battery current and the inverter 36 input current can be reduced.

  As an example different from the present embodiment, for example, a DC motor is connected to the output side of the converter 34, and the first mode control means 48 is configured to directly apply the voltage output from the converter 34 to the DC motor. You can also.

  Further, the second mode control means 50 inputs the voltage from the external AC power supply 12 to the first element 42, converts the voltage by the first element 42, that is, boosts the voltage and then converts the voltage by the second element 44. That is, the DC voltage output after being stepped down is supplied to the battery 14 to charge the battery 14. For this purpose, the second mode control means is connected with the connector 28 on the external AC power supply 12 side connected to the connector 26 and the external AC power supply 12 connected to the converter 34 via the connectors 26 and 28 and the charging additional circuit 24. 50 turns off the first switch R1 and turns on the second switch R2. At the same time, the second mode control means 50 controls the ON / OFF of the switching of the first arm A1, thereby causing the first element 42 to function as a step-up converter, and the power of the external AC power supply 12 side current that is an AC input current. The rate is controlled to 1.

  Further, the second mode control means 50 controls the on / off of switching of the second arm A2, thereby causing the second element 44 to function as a step-down converter, and smoothly controlling the battery current that is the battery current flowing through the battery 14. Then, the battery 14 is charged from the external AC power source 12.

Next, a control method during charging will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a switching control method of the first arm A1 for controlling the AC power supply side current during charging. In the following description of the present embodiment, the same elements as those in FIG. The second mode control means 50 calculates the deviation between the absolute value | is ^* | of the sine wave AC current command value and the current detection value iL of the first reactor L1 used as the absolute value of the detection value of the AC input current. The obtained deviation is output to the proportional compensator 52.

Here, the absolute value of the AC current command value | IS ^* | is the power factor of the power supply 1 which corresponds to the charging power, the absolute value of the AC input current command value without harmonic sine wave | IS ^* | is. The reason why the absolute value | is ^* | of the current command value is used is to perform half-wave rectification. Further, in order to obtain the absolute value | is ^* | of the sine wave current command value of power factor 1, for example, the control unit 40 has a current command generation unit 54 as shown in FIG. Sine wave having a power factor of 1 with respect to the external AC power supply 12 based on the charge / discharge power command value PR received from the unit and a detection value from a voltage sensor (not shown) that detects the voltage Vs of the external AC power supply 12 The absolute value | is ^* | of the current command value can be generated. For example, the current command generation unit 54 is an effective value calculation unit that detects a peak voltage from the voltage Vs of the external AC power supply 12 and calculates an effective value Vs ′ of the voltage Vs based on the detected peak voltage. Further, the phase detection unit calculates a zero cross point of the voltage Vs, and detects the phase θ of the voltage Vs based on the detected zero cross point.

Further, the sine wave generation unit generates a sine wave γ having the same phase as the voltage Vs based on the phase θ of the voltage Vs detected by the phase detection unit, for example, using a table of sine wave functions. Further, the division unit divides the charge / discharge power command value PR by the effective value Vs ′ of the voltage Vs from the effective value calculation unit, and outputs the calculation result to the multiplication unit. The multiplication unit outputs the calculation result to the division unit. Multiply the sine wave γ from the sine wave generator. The absolute value calculation unit 56 calculates the absolute value of the calculation result of the multiplication unit and outputs the calculation result as the absolute value | is ^* | of the current command. Returning to FIG. 2, the control unit 40 outputs the deviation between the absolute value | is ^* | and the detected current value iL of the first reactor L <b> 1 to the proportional compensator 52.

If the effective value and phase of the voltage Vs are used, the absolute value | is ^* | for generating the current command is not limited to that generated by such a method but can be generated by various methods. For example, the absolute value of current command generation can be determined in advance.

Further, the proportional compensator 52 multiplies the proportional component so that the detected current value of the first reactor L1 follows the absolute value | is ^* | of the current command to obtain the control voltage of the first arm A1. At this time, the voltage (Vh− | Vs |) is influenced by the DC voltage Vh (FIG. 1) of the inverter 36 that is the output voltage of the first element 42 and the input voltage of the second element 44 and the AC side voltage Vs. ) Acts as a disturbance. For this reason, the disturbance value is compensated by adding the disturbance value to the control voltage of the output of the proportional compensator 52. For this purpose, the inverter 36 DC voltage Vh is detected by a voltage sensor (not shown).

Also, the output after disturbance compensation is input to the modulation factor calculation unit 58, divided by the inverter 36 DC voltage Vh to calculate the PWM modulation factor, and output to the PWM signal output unit 60. In the PWM signal output unit 60, the calculated PWM modulation rate and the carrier signal output from the carrier signal output unit 62 are compared by a comparator, and a PWM signal P1 is generated according to the calculated value obtained by the comparison, The PWM signal P1 is output to the gate of the switching element of the first arm A1. In this case, when the carrier signal is larger than the PWM modulation rate based on the AC input current command value is ^* , the negative side switching element S2 of the first arm A1 is turned off, and when the carrier signal is smaller than the PWM modulation rate, the first The negative side switching element S2 of one arm A1 is turned on. In this case, the positive side switching element S1 is always kept off or is turned on / off so as to be opposite to the on / off operation of the negative side switching element S2. When the positive side switching element S1 is turned on / off, the dead time is set between the positive side switching element S2 and the on / off operation of the negative side switching element S2.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a switching control method of the second arm A2 for controlling the battery current during charging. The second mode control means 50 obtains a deviation between the battery current command value ib ^* , which is a constant DC current, the current flowing in the battery 14, and the detected value ib of the battery current, corresponding to the command charging power. The deviation is output to the proportional-integral compensator 64. The proportional integral compensator 64 includes a proportional compensator and an integral compensator.

In the proportional-integral compensator 64, the output value added by multiplying each of the proportional component and the integral component so that the current detection value ib follows the battery current command value ib ^* is sent to the first modulation factor calculator 66. Output. That is, the proportional-integral compensator 64 performs PI calculation on the input deviation and outputs the calculated value to the first modulation factor calculation unit 66. In the first modulation factor calculation unit 66, the first PWM modulation factor is calculated by dividing by the DC voltage Vh of the inverter 36, and the battery voltage command value Vb ^* and the inverter 36 DC voltage command value are inverted as the command step-up ratio. by adding Vb ^* / Vh ^* is the ratio of the Vh ^* and forward compensation, the inverse of the step-up ratio beta, and outputs the inverse beta to the second modulation factor computation unit 68. The second modulation factor calculation unit 68 calculates the second PWM modulation factor α corresponding to the conduction rate from the inverse β, from the relationship of α = 1−2 × β, and outputs it to the second PWM signal output unit 70. In the second PWM signal output unit 70, the calculated second PWM modulation rate α and the carrier signal output from the carrier signal output unit 62 are compared by a comparator, and the PWM signal P2 is determined according to the calculated value obtained by the comparison. The PWM signal P2 is output to the gate of the switching element of the second arm A2. In this case, when the carrier signal is larger than the second PWM modulation rate α based on the AC input current command value, the positive side switching element S3 of the second arm A2 is turned on, and when the carrier signal is smaller than the second PWM modulation rate α. Turns off the positive side switching element S3. In this case, the negative side switching element S4 is always kept off or is turned on / off so as to be opposite to the on / off operation of the positive side switching element S3. When the on / off operation of the negative side switching element S4 is performed, a dead time is set between the on / off operation of the positive side switching element S3.

  FIG. 5A is a diagram showing simulation results of operation waveforms of voltage and current of the external AC power supply during charging in the configuration of FIG. FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating simulation results of operation waveforms of a battery voltage (battery voltage) and a battery-side current (battery current) during charging in the configuration of FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 5A, the power supply current of the external AC power supply 12 is controlled to a sine wave having a power factor of 1 in phase and not including harmonics with respect to the AC voltage of the external AC power supply 12. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the battery current is controlled to a constant DC current with little or no pulsation.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the battery 14 is charged from the external AC power supply 12 using the converter 34. For this reason, it is not necessary to operate the inverter 36 and the motor 38 at the time of charge. Also, during charging, the first element A1 of the first element 42 is used to convert the voltage by the first element 42 and the AC input current is controlled. Power factor can be controlled. In addition, since the second element 44 converts the voltage using the second arm A2 of the second element 44 and controls the current on the battery 14 side, the battery 14 side current can be controlled smoothly. Since the first arm A1 and the second arm A2 can be controlled independently in this way, the power factor control and the smoothing control of the battery 14 current can be realized simultaneously. For this reason, it is possible to charge the battery 14 from the external AC power supply 12 with a high power factor by using the converter 34 for driving the motor 38, and to suppress the pulsation of the battery current when the battery 14 is charged. Therefore, the time required to fully charge the battery 14 can be shortened, and heat generation and performance degradation of the battery 14 can be effectively prevented.

  Further, charging is possible regardless of whether the battery 14 voltage is higher or lower than the voltage of the external AC power supply 12. In addition, the battery 14 can be charged by using the converter 34 that can also be used to drive the motor 38. Also, existing converters can be used to configure the charging system. For this reason, it can contribute to the cost reduction of the whole charging system including the motor drive device 32, and size reduction.

  In the present embodiment, a motor 38 is connected to the battery 14 via a converter 34 and an inverter 36 so that the motor 38 can be driven. However, instead of the motor 38, the configuration similar to that shown in FIG. The motor generator can also be used. Similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 13, two inverters 36 can be connected in parallel to the output side of the converter 34, and two motor generators driven by each of the two inverters 36 can be provided.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the charging system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a switching control method of the first arm in the charge control method using the configuration of FIG.

  The charging system of the present embodiment is configured using a half-bridge converter circuit. In the charging system, the external AC power supply 12 is connected to the converter 34 via connectors 26 and 28. In the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the diode rectifier 46 (FIG. 1) is not provided.

  That is, in the motor drive device 32 constituting the charging system, the AC filter 72 including a capacitor is connected between the connector 26 and the converter 34 in the configuration of the first embodiment, but the diode rectifier Is not provided. In the motor drive device 32, a series connection capacitor 74 is connected in parallel with the first arm A <b> 1 and the second arm A <b> 2 between the output side terminal of the converter 34 and the input side terminal of the inverter 36.

  Series connection capacitor 74 includes two capacitors C1 and C2 connected in series. An external alternating current is connected to one end of the first reactor L1 constituting the first element 42 on the side opposite to the first arm A1 connection side and the connection point between the two capacitors C1 and C2, which is the intermediate point of the series connection capacitor 74. Two terminals of the connector 26 that can be connected to the power supply 12 are connected to each other. Therefore, in a state where the connector 28 on the external AC power supply 12 side is connected to the connector 26, the two terminals of the external AC power supply 12 are connected in series with one end of the first reactor L1 opposite to the first arm A1 connection side. Connected to the midpoint of the capacitor 74.

  Further, one side of the first switch R1 (left side in FIG. 6) is connected to the positive side of the battery 14 and one side (left side in FIG. 6) of the second switch R2. The other side of the first switch R1 (the right side in FIG. 6) is connected to the external AC power supply 12 connection side of the first reactor L1. Further, the other side of the second switch R2 (the right side in FIG. 6) is connected to the opposite side of the second reactor L2 to the second arm A2 connection side.

  When the motor 38 is driven, as in the case of the first embodiment, the first mode control means 48 included in the control unit 40 is in a state where the first switch R1 and the second switch R2 are turned on at the same time. 14 is input to the converter 34, and the voltage output from the converter 34 is directly or indirectly applied to the motor 38 to drive the motor 38.

  Further, when the battery 14 is charged, as in the first embodiment, the second mode control means 50 included in the control unit 40 with the external AC power supply 12 connected to the connector 26 is the first switch R1. Is turned off and the second switch R2 is turned on. At the same time, the second mode control means 50 controls the switching of the first arm A1, thereby controlling the power factor of the AC input current and controlling the switching of the second arm A2, so that the battery flowing in the battery 14 is controlled. The battery 14 is charged from the external AC power supply 12 by controlling the 14 current smoothly.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a switching control method of the first arm A1 for controlling the AC power supply side current during charging. In the following description of the present embodiment, the same elements as those shown in FIG. The second mode control means 50 obtains a deviation between the sinusoidal alternating current command value is ^* and the detected current value iL of the first reactor L1, which is used as the absolute value of the detected value of the alternating current input. Are output to the proportional compensator 52 and the sine wave internal model compensator 76. As the alternating current command value is ^* , for example, the current command generating unit 54 described in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and having the absolute value calculating unit 56 omitted is used.

In the proportional compensator 52, an output value obtained by multiplying the deviation by a proportional component so that the current detection value iL of the first reactor L1 follows the current command value is ^* , and a sine wave internal model compensator 76, The output value obtained by multiplying the deviation by ks × {s / (s ² + ω ₀ ² )}, which is a sine wave internal model, is added, and the AC power supply voltage Vs is subtracted to obtain the power supply voltage that becomes a disturbance. To compensate. The output after the disturbance compensation is divided by the modulation factor calculation unit 78 by Vh / 2 which is the DC voltage of the inverter 36 to calculate the PWM modulation factor and output it to the PWM signal output unit 80. In the PWM signal output unit 80, the calculated PWM modulation rate and the carrier signal output from the carrier signal output unit 62 are compared by a comparator, and the PWM signal P1 is generated according to the calculated value obtained by the comparison, The PWM signal P1 is output to the gate of the switching element of the first arm A1. In this case, when the carrier signal is larger than the PWM modulation rate based on the AC input current command value, the positive side switching element S1 of the first arm A1 is turned on, and when the carrier signal is smaller than the PWM modulation rate, the positive side switching is performed. The element S1 is turned off. In this case, the negative side switching element S2 is turned on / off so as to be opposite to the on / off action of the positive side switching element S1. When the on / off operation of the negative side switching element S2 is performed, a dead time is set between the on / off operation of the positive side switching element S1.

  The block diagram showing the switching control method of the second arm A2 for controlling the battery current at the time of charging is the same as the block diagram of FIG. 4 described in the first embodiment. Similarly to the embodiment, the switching of the second arm A2 is controlled.

  FIG. 8A is a diagram showing simulation results of operation waveforms of voltage and current of the external AC power supply during charging in the configuration of FIG. FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating simulation results of operation waveforms of a battery voltage (battery voltage) and a battery-side current (battery current) during charging in the configuration of FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 8A, the power supply current of the external AC power supply 12 is controlled to a sine wave having a power factor of 1 in phase and not including harmonics with respect to the power supply voltage of the external AC power supply 12. Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the battery current is controlled to a constant DC current with little or no pulsation.

  In the case of this embodiment as well, the control of the power source power factor and the smoothing control of the battery 14 current can be realized simultaneously by the independent switching control of the first arm A1 and the second arm A2. For this reason, the battery current pulsation during charging of the battery 14 can be suppressed with a configuration in which the battery 14 can be charged from the external power source with a high power factor by using the converter 34 for driving the motor 38.

  In the present embodiment, since the circuit of the half-bridge converter is used, power is supplied from the battery 14 that is a DC power source to the external AC power source 12 side, that is, the battery 14 called “power generation operation”. AC power output is possible. The battery current in this case can also be controlled to a constant DC current with little or no pulsation. In this case, the battery 14 can be used as a power source for supplying power to an external load or power equipment.

  FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating simulation results of operation waveforms of voltage and current of the external AC power supply when the battery power in the configuration of FIG. 6 is output on the AC side. FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating simulation results of operation waveforms of a battery voltage (battery voltage) and a battery side current (battery current) when the battery power is output on the AC side in the configuration of FIG. 6. From such a simulation result, the power supply current of the external AC power supply 12 is controlled to a sine wave having a power factor of 1 in phase and not including harmonics, and the battery current is controlled to a constant DC current with little or no pulsation. I was able to confirm that In this simulation, the phase of the AC side current command value is inverted by 180 degrees. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a charging system according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The charging system of the present embodiment is configured using a three-phase multiphase boost converter circuit. That is, the charging system has a configuration similar to that of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 described above, and the converter 34 includes a third switching element S5, S6 connected in series. It further includes a third element 82 having an arm A3 and a third reactor L3 that is a third energy storage element connected to an intermediate point of the third arm A3. The third arm A3 is connected in parallel to the first arm A1 and the second arm A2. The terminal of the third reactor L3 opposite to the third arm A3 connection side is connected to the terminal of the first reactor L1 opposite to the first arm A1 connection side.

  Further, the second mode control means 50 (see FIG. 1) has the arms A1, A2, A3 so that the first element 42 and the third element 82 function as a step-up converter and the second element 44 functions as a step-down converter. Controls switching.

  In such a charging system, when the motor 38 is driven, the first mode control means 48 inputs the electric power output from the battery 14 to the converter 34, and the voltage output from the converter 34 is input to the motor 38 via the inverter 36. The switching of the first arm A1, the second arm A2, and the third arm A3 is controlled so that the motor 38 is driven. In this case, the first mode control means 48 (see FIG. 1) turns on the first switch R1 and the second switch R2. Further, the positive-side switching elements S1, S3, S5 are simultaneously controlled, that is, in the same phase, by the arms A1, A2, A3, and the negative-side switching elements S2, S4, S3 are controlled by the arms A1, A2, A3. S6 is turned on / off simultaneously, that is, in the same phase. It is also possible to control only the switching elements S1, S3, S5 (or S2, S4, S6) on the positive side or the negative side and leave the other off.

  The phases of the positive side switching elements S1, S3, S5 of the arms A1, A2, A3 and the negative side switching elements S2, S4, S6 of the arms A1, A2, A3 are different from each other by 120 degrees, for example. In other words, the switching can be performed by shifting the timing. According to this configuration, current ripple can be reduced. In this case, for example, the motor drive device 32 functions as a three-phase boost converter.

  Further, when the battery 14 is charged, the second mode control means 50 (see FIG. 1) causes the voltage from the external AC power supply 12 to be input to the first element 42 and the third element 82, and the first element 42 and the third element After the voltage is converted, ie, boosted, at 82, the second element 44 converts the voltage, ie, the voltage is lowered, and then the output DC voltage is supplied to the battery 14 to charge the battery 14. For this purpose, the second mode control means 50 turns off the first switch R1 and turns on the second switch R2. At the same time, the second mode control means 50 controls the switching on and off of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3, thereby causing the first element 42 and the third element 82 to function as a boost converter, and by using an AC input current. The power factor of a certain external AC power supply 12 current is controlled to 1.

  Further, the second mode control means 50 controls the on / off of switching of the second arm A2, thereby causing the second element 44 to function as a step-down converter, and smoothly controlling the battery current that is the battery 14 current flowing through the battery 14. Then, the battery 14 is charged from the external AC power supply 12.

  In this case, when controlling the switching of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3, the negative side switching is performed with the positive side switching elements S1 and S5 always turned off between the first arm A1 and the third arm A3. The elements S2 and S6 can be controlled on / off simultaneously, that is, in the same phase. When all the positive and negative side switching elements of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3 are on / off controlled, the positive side switching elements S1 and S5 are the same between the first arm A1 and the third arm A3. Can be controlled so as to be turned on and off at the same time, and the negative-side switching elements S2 and S6 can be simultaneously turned on and off.

  Further, the negative-side switching elements S2 and S6 of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3 can be switched with a phase difference of 180 degrees, that is, with a shifted timing. Further, the positive-side switching elements S1 and S5 of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3 and the negative-side switching elements S2 and S6 are switched by changing the phase by 180 degrees between the different arms A1 and A3, respectively. You can also

  In the case of this embodiment, the ripple of the power supply current of the external AC power supply 12 can be further suppressed by adding the charging phase by shifting the switching phase between the first arm A1 and the third arm A3 when the battery 14 is charged. The capacity of the AC filter including the capacitor provided in the circuit 24 can be reduced.

  That is, a circuit in which a plurality of basic chopper circuits are connected between a power source and a load and their switching phases are shifted is called a “multi-phase multiple chopper circuit”. Dividing the switching period T of the m-phase m-chopper circuit into m, and switching the operation by shifting the phase by T / m, the current ripple is reduced, and the frequency of the current obtained by synthesis (synthetic frequency) is single phase. Since the number of phases is doubled in the case of the chopper circuit, the effect as a filter is increased. In the present embodiment, it is the same as that of the three-phase multi-phase boost converter, in which the step-down multi-phase converter is configured by the two arms of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3. By shifting the switching phase between the two arms, the current ripple on the external AC power supply 12 side can be suppressed, and the capacity of the AC filter can be reduced. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 described above, and thus redundant description is omitted.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a charging system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The charging system of the present embodiment uses a circuit of a three-phase multi-phase boost converter in a configuration using a half-bridge converter circuit similar to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. It is configured using. That is, in the charging system, in the configuration of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, the converter 34 includes the third arm A3 having two third switching elements S5 and S6 connected in series. And a third element 82 having a third reactor L3 which is a third energy storage element connected to the midpoint of the third arm A3. The third arm A3 is connected in parallel to the first arm A1 and the second arm A2. The terminal of the third reactor L3 opposite to the third arm A3 connection side is connected to the terminal of the first reactor L1 opposite to the first arm A1 connection side.

  The second mode control means 50 (see FIG. 6) switches the arms A1, A2, and A3 so that the first element 42 and the third element 82 function as a step-up converter and the second element 44 functions as a step-down converter. To control.

  In the case of such a charging system as well, the switching phases of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3 are shifted when the battery 14 is charged, as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. Thus, the ripple of the power supply current of the external AC power supply 12 can be further suppressed, and the capacity of the AC filter 72 can be reduced. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 7 or the third embodiment shown in FIG.

[Fifth Embodiment]
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration of a charging system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The charging system of the present embodiment is configured using a three-phase multi-phase boost converter circuit in a configuration using a full-bridge converter circuit. That is, the charging system omits the series connection capacitor 74 in the configuration of the second embodiment shown in FIGS.

  The converter 34 includes a third arm A3 having two third switching elements S5 and S6 connected in series, and a third reactor L3 which is a third energy storage element connected to an intermediate point of the third arm A3. And a third element 82. The third arm A3 is connected in parallel to the first arm A1 and the second arm A2. 2 of the connector 26 that can be connected to the external AC power source 12 to the terminal on the opposite side to the first arm A1 connection side of the first reactor L1 and the terminal on the opposite side to the third arm A3 connection side of the third reactor L3. Are connected to each other. That is, two terminals that can be connected to the external AC power source 12 are connected to the terminal on the opposite side of the first reactor L1 on the connection side of the first arm A1 and the terminal on the opposite side of the third reactor L3 on the connection side of the third arm A3. Each terminal is connected.

  The charging system includes a first switch R1, a second switch R2, and a third switch R3. One side of the first switch R1 (left side in FIG. 12) is connected to the positive side of the battery 14, one side of the second switch R2 (left side in FIG. 12), and one side of the third switch R3 (left side in FIG. 12). Yes. The other side of the first switch R1 (the right side in FIG. 12) is connected to the external AC power supply 12 connection side of the first reactor L1. The other side of the second switch R2 (the right side in FIG. 12) is connected to the side opposite to the second arm A2 connection side of the second reactor L2. The other side of the third switch R3 (the right side in FIG. 12) is connected to the external AC power supply 12 connection side of the third reactor L3.

  The second mode control means 50 (see FIG. 6) switches the arms A1, A2, and A3 so that the first element 42 and the third element 82 function as a step-up converter and the second element 44 functions as a step-down converter. To control.

  In such a charging system, when the motor 38 is driven, the first mode control means 48 inputs the electric power output from the battery 14 to the converter 34, and the voltage output from the converter 34 is input to the motor 38 via the inverter 36. The switching of the first arm A1, the second arm A2, and the third arm A3 is controlled so that the motor 38 is driven. In this case, the first mode control means 48 turns on all of the first switch R1, the second switch R2, and the third switch R3. Further, the positive-side switching elements S1, S3, S5 are simultaneously controlled, that is, in the same phase, by the arms A1, A2, A3, and the negative-side switching elements S2, S4, S3 are controlled by the arms A1, A2, A3. S6 is turned on / off simultaneously, that is, in the same phase. It is also possible to control only the switching elements S1, S3, S5 (or S2, S4, S6) on the positive side or the negative side and leave the other off.

  The phases of the positive side switching elements S1, S3, S5 of the arms A1, A2, A3 and the negative side switching elements S2, S4, S6 of the arms A1, A2, A3 are different from each other by 120 degrees, for example. In other words, the switching can be performed by shifting the timing. In this case, for example, the motor drive device 32 functions as a three-phase boost converter.

  Further, when the battery 14 is charged, with the external AC power supply 12 connected to the connector 26, the second mode control means 50 causes the voltage from the external AC power supply 12 to be input to the first element 42 and the third element 82, The voltage is converted by the first element 42 and the third element 82, that is, the voltage is boosted, and then the voltage is converted by the second element 44, that is, the voltage is stepped down and supplied to the battery 14, and the battery 14 is charged. Let me. For this purpose, the second mode control means 50 turns off the first switch R1 and the third switch R3 and turns on the second switch R2. At the same time, the second mode control means 50 controls the switching on and off of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3, thereby causing the first element 42 and the third element 82 to function as a boost converter, and by using an AC input current. A certain power factor of the external AC power supply 12 side current is controlled to 1. In this case, for example, the switching elements located diagonally in the arms A1 and A3 can be simultaneously turned on and off. That is, the first diagonal pair of the positive side switching element S1 of the first arm A1 and the negative side switching element S6 of the third arm A3 is turned on and off at the same timing, and the negative side switching element of the first arm A1 The second diagonal pair of the positive side switching elements S5 of S2 and the third arm A3 is turned on / off at the same timing. In this case, the on / off operation of switching between the first diagonal relationship set and the second diagonal relationship set is reversed with a dead time provided. In addition, the 1st element 42 and the 3rd element 82 are made to function as a full bridge converter, and the relationship of switching is not limited to such an example.

  Further, the second mode control means 50 controls the on / off of switching of the second arm A2, thereby causing the second element 44 to function as a step-down converter, and smoothly controlling the battery current that is the battery 14 current flowing through the battery 14. Then, the battery 14 is charged from the external AC power supply 12.

  As described above, when the battery 14 is charged, the second mode control unit 50 controls the switching of the first arm A1 and the third arm A3, thereby controlling the power factor of the AC input current and switching the second arm A2. By controlling this, the battery 14 current flowing through the battery 14 is controlled smoothly, and the battery 14 is charged from the external AC power supply 12.

  Also in the case of such a charging system, for example, when the motor 38 is driven, the ripple of the battery current and the input current of the inverter 36 is reduced by shifting the switching phases of the arms A1, A2, A3 by 120 degrees. it can. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment shown in FIGS.

  Note that in any one of the configurations shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, the converter 34 may include four or more arms each having two switching elements connected in series. For example, in the configuration shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11, the number of arms that function as a boost converter during charging may be three or more, or the number of arms that function as a step-down converter may be two or more.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Motor drive device, 12 External AC power supply, 14 Battery, 16 Converter, 18 Inverter unit, 20 1st motor generator, 22 2nd motor generator, 24 Charging additional circuit, 26, 28 connector, 30 switch, 32 Motor drive device, 34 converter, 36 inverter, 38 motor, 40 control unit, 42 first element, 44 second element, 46 diode rectifier, 48 first mode control means, 50 second mode control means, 52 proportional compensator, 54 current command generation Unit, 56 absolute value calculation unit, 58 modulation rate calculation unit, 60 PWM signal output unit, 62 carrier signal output unit, 64 proportional integral compensator, 66 first modulation rate calculation unit, 68 second modulation rate calculation unit, 70 first 2 PWM signal output unit, 72 AC filter, 74 series connection capacitor, 76 sine wave internal model compensator, 78 modulation factor calculation unit, 80 PWM signal output unit, 82 third element.

Claims (10)

A charging system comprising a battery, a converter connected to the battery, a motor connected to the converter, and a control unit,
Converter
Including at least a first element and a second element;
The first element includes a first arm having two first switching elements connected in series, and a first energy storage element connected to an intermediate point of the first arm,
The second element includes a second arm having two second switching elements connected in series, and a second energy storage element connected to an intermediate point of the second arm,
An external AC power supply is connected to the converter,
The control unit
First mode control means for inputting electric power output from the battery to the converter and applying the voltage output from the converter directly or indirectly to the motor;
A voltage from the external AC power source is input to the first element, the voltage is converted by the first element, the voltage is converted by the second element, and then the output is supplied to the battery to charge the battery. And a mode control means. The charging system according to claim 1,
A charging system, wherein the converter is connected to an external AC power supply via a connector. The charging system according to claim 1 or 2,
The second mode control means controls the switching of the first element and the second element so that the first element functions as a step-up converter and the second element functions as a step-down converter. The charging system according to claim 3,
The converter is connected to an external AC power source through a rectifier,
A charging system, wherein the positive side of the rectifier is connected to the first energy storage element, and the negative side of the rectifier is connected to the negative side of the battery. The charging system according to claim 4,
A first switch and a second switch;
One side of the first switch is connected to the positive side of the battery and one side of the second switch,
The other side of the first switch is connected between the first energy storage element and the positive side of the rectifier,
The other side of the second switch is connected to the side opposite to the second arm connection side of the second energy storage element,
The second mode control means turns off the first switch, turns on the second switch, and controls the switching of the first element, thereby controlling the power factor of the AC input current and switching the second element. A charging system characterized in that, by controlling, a battery current flowing through the battery is controlled smoothly, and the battery is charged from an external AC power source. The charging system according to claim 3,
Comprising two capacitors connected in series, comprising a series connected capacitor connected in parallel to the first arm and the second arm;
A charging system, wherein two terminals connectable to an external AC power source are respectively connected to a side opposite to the first arm connection side of the first energy storage element and an intermediate point of the series connection capacitor. The charging system according to claim 6,
A first switch and a second switch;
One side of the first switch is connected to the positive side of the battery and one side of the second switch,
The other side of the first switch is connected to the external AC power source connection side of the first energy storage element,
The other side of the second switch is connected to the side opposite to the second arm connection side of the second energy storage element,
The second mode control means turns off the first switch, turns on the second switch, and controls the switching of the first element, thereby controlling the power factor of the AC input current and switching the second element. A charging system characterized in that, by controlling, a battery current flowing through the battery is controlled smoothly, and the battery is charged from an external AC power source. The charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Converter
A third element having a third arm having two third switching elements connected in series and a third energy storage element connected to a midpoint of the third arm;
The third arm is connected in parallel to the first arm,
The side opposite to the third arm connection side of the third energy storage element is connected to the side opposite to the first arm connection side of the first energy storage element,
The second mode control means controls the switching of each element so that the first element and the third element function as a step-up converter and the second element functions as a step-down converter. The charging system according to claim 3,
Converter
A third element having a third arm having two third switching elements connected in series and a third energy storage element connected to a midpoint of the third arm;
The third arm is connected in parallel to the first arm,
Two terminals connectable to an external AC power source are connected to the side opposite to the first arm connection side of the first energy storage element and the side opposite to the third arm connection side of the third energy storage element, respectively. ,
The second mode control means controls the switching of each element so that the first element and the third element function as a step-up converter and the second element functions as a step-down converter. The charging system according to claim 9, wherein
A first switch, a second switch, and a third switch;
One side of the first switch is connected to the positive side of the battery, one side of the second switch, and one side of the third switch,
The other side of the first switch is connected to the external AC power source connection side of the first energy storage element,
The other side of the second switch is connected to the side opposite to the second arm connection side of the second energy storage element,
The other side of the third switch is connected to the external AC power source connection side of the third energy storage element,
The second mode control means controls the power factor of the AC input current by turning off the first switch and the third switch, turning on the second switch, and controlling the switching of the first element and the second element. And the charging system characterized by controlling the battery current which flows into a battery smoothly by controlling switching of the 2nd element, and charging a battery from external AC power supply.

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