JP2011184868A - Form for forming space - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a form for forming a space, which can be simply assembled/disassembled and which can form an outer shape of an approximately circular cross-section tunnel space extended by a predetermined length. <P>SOLUTION: This form for forming the space includes an outer peripheral bag body 11 which is installed in a section having a filled area formed by hardening of infilled grout mortar etc. to serve as the outer shape of a tunnel etc. formed in the filled area, and a tubular bag body, which is cylindrically shape-retained by being internally filled with air under predetermined pressure. The tubular bag bodies 12A, 12B and 12C with several diameters are housed by being disposed in the outer peripheral bag body 11. This form enables an outer shape of a tunnel etc., which is formed in the filling area, to be formed by the outer peripheral bag body 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a space forming mold, and it is easy to load and unload a mold through a small opening in a filling operation of an underground cavity existing in the ground, and responds to a change in the shape of the underground cavity. The present invention relates to a mold for forming a space capable of forming a continuous space in a longitudinal direction such as a tunnel that is easy to assemble.

  For example, in an area located in a volcanic area, even in an urban area, a naturally formed underground hole as an underground cavity exists. An air hole is a natural underground space formed with the lava flow of past volcanic eruptions, but it is an irregular large underground cavity formed in a relatively wide area within the ground. In the design of buildings and the like built on the ground, the design is such that the air holes are not located directly under the building, or the pile foundation is designed to minimize the effects of the presence of the air holes.

  In recent years, in order to improve the seismic performance of existing buildings built on these underground cavities such as air holes, reinforcement work has been advanced to fill underground cavities such as air holes with cement-based fillers having a predetermined strength. In this case, since the air hole is a naturally formed, relatively irregular, wide-area underground cavity, the filling work is partial to the required area. For this reason, a filling work is often performed in which the inside of the underground cavity is partitioned with a partition wall or the like and the region is closed with a filler or the like. By the way, in order to efficiently investigate the entire underground cavity extending underground, it is preferable to provide an inspection horizontal shaft in the filling area that can communicate between the underground cavities divided in the filling area.

  To this end, it is necessary to assemble a formwork for constructing an inspection horizontal shaft that can pass through the area prior to filling the underground cavity. However, in the past, entry into and exit from these underground cavities has only been made with a human hole that allows the inspector to move up and down, and it is difficult to carry in and out materials and formwork materials into the underground cavities. . For this reason, it has been demanded to develop a formwork that can be carried in and out through this human hole and can be easily assembled and disassembled even in a narrow underground cavity.

  In connection with this problem, the applicant placed a cylindrical bag body made of rubber-like elastic body reinforced with fiber for constructing a culvert in a groove excavated, and filled the pressure fluid in the bag body. A cylindrical bag body for constructing an underground hollow structure and a method for constructing an underground hollow structure using the bag body, which is a mold that can secure a predetermined cross section and extension (Patent Document) 1).

  When the hollow structure 27 is constructed by using the mold formed of the cylindrical bag body, the inner wall surface of the hollow structure 27 can be simply expanded by filling the bag body 1 with a pressure fluid such as water. The shape can correspond to 27a. For this reason, it is not necessary to use a mold for forming the inner wall surface 27a, and the labor for installing the mold can be saved. Further, since the bag body is lighter than the conventional formwork, after the hollow structure 27 is constructed, the pressure fluid inside the bag body 1 is discharged, the outer shape is shrunk, and the bag body 1 can be easily hollowed out. It can be moved and removed from the inner wall surface 27a of the structure 27, and further moved to the next process location in the direction of extension of the culvert and expanded into a predetermined shape for continuous use.

JP 2001-59258 A

  The bag body shown in Patent Document 1 is a compact formwork material because it forms a culvert section with a single cylindrical bag body. As a formwork used in an underground cavity, it is easy to assemble and disassemble. It can be said that it is effective. However, the bag body of Patent Document 1 needs to increase the internal pressure of the pressure fluid in the bag body in order to ensure the accuracy of the inside diameter of the culvert. In this case, when a high pressure internal pressure is applied, the bag body is made of a rubber-like elastic body as a main material, so that the diameter of the central portion tends to be larger than the diameter of the end portion in the extending direction during expansion. Therefore, the overall length of the columnar shape cannot be increased. For this reason, there exists a problem that the extension which can be constructed by one concrete placement is short.

  Moreover, in the inspection side shaft as described above, it is preferable that the construction extension at one time is long even if the construction accuracy is not high, as long as the space for the inspector can pass. Even in such a case, since the delivery route of the mold material to the site is narrow, it is preferable that the mold material is a compact mold material and easy to assemble and disassemble. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and provide a space forming form that can form an outer shape of a tunnel space having a substantially circular cross section over a predetermined extension and that can be easily assembled and disassembled. There is to do.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an outer peripheral bag body that is installed in a section where a structure is formed by hardening of a filled material and becomes an outer shape of a space formed in the structure. A cylindrical bag body filled with a fluid and retained in a predetermined cylindrical shape, the cylindrical bag body being arranged and accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body, and the outer shape of a space formed in the structure body Is formed of the outer peripheral bag body.

  The cylindrical bag body is composed of a plurality of cylindrical bodies, and the plurality of cylindrical bag bodies are in close contact so that a part of the cylindrical bag body is inscribed in the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral bag body. It is preferable that they are arranged and accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body.

  The cylindrical bag body is preferably formed into a cylindrical body by filling the inside thereof with air of a predetermined internal pressure.

  It is preferable that the cylindrical bag body is carried into the installation position in the compartment in a flat state, is expanded and assembled into a predetermined cylindrical shape in the compartment, and is arranged and accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body.

  The outer peripheral bag body is preferably fixed on a base surface in the compartment so as to form an outer shape of a space formed in the structure.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is easy to load and unload a formwork through a small opening in a filling operation of an underground cavity existing in the ground, and to change the shape of the underground cavity. There is an effect that it is possible to provide a mold that can form a continuous space in the longitudinal direction such as a tunnel that can be easily assembled.

The cross-sectional view which showed the state which installed the formwork for space formation of this invention on the foundation concrete. The partial perspective view which notched and showed a part of outer peripheral bag body of the cross section and longitudinal direction of the space form mold shown in FIG. The schematic perspective view which showed the structure (before and after air injection) of a cylindrical bag body. The cross-sectional view which showed the modification of the formwork for space formation shown in FIG. The longitudinal direction figure which showed the extension direction external view of an outer periphery bag body, and the accommodation state of the cylindrical bag body in an outer periphery bag body. Explanatory drawing which showed the construction procedure in the filling area | region using the formwork for space formation. Explanatory drawing which showed the construction procedure in the filling area | region using the formwork for space formation. Explanatory drawing which showed the construction procedure of the construction which installs the space formwork in the filling area | region in an underground cavity, and constructs the inspection horizontal shaft which passes the inside of a filling area | region.

  Hereinafter, the following examples will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings as a form for carrying out the space forming mold of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the space forming mold of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the space forming mold and the outer peripheral bag body in the longitudinal direction so that a part of the configuration in the longitudinal direction of the space forming mold can be seen. It is the fragmentary perspective view which notched and showed a part of (it mentions later).

  The space forming form of the present embodiment assumes that a tunnel space serving as the inspection horizontal shaft 9 is constructed in the air hole as the underground cavity 1 as shown in FIG. The inner diameter of the inspection horizontal shaft 9 is assumed to be φ = about 1.6 m, so that the outer peripheral bag body of the space forming mold 10 has the same diameter when deployed. In the present embodiment, a wind tube having an outer diameter of φ1.6 m as an off-the-shelf product was laid as the outer peripheral bag body 11 over the entire length of the planned inspection horizontal shaft 9. In addition, when the product length of a wind pipe is shorter than the extension of the construction of the horizontal shaft 9, what is necessary is just to connect and use a plurality of wind pipes by the normal connection method which can maintain liquid-tightness. Although the wind tube as the outer peripheral bag body 11 is a ready-made product, the material is made of vinyl chloride resin tarpaulin. For this reason, even if the outer peripheral bag body 11 is used as a mold and mortar or the like adheres to the outer peripheral surface, peeling is easy. As shown in FIG. 1, inside the outer peripheral bag body 11, there are five cylindrical bag bodies 12A for support having a diameter of φ0.6 m so as to be inscribed in the inner peripheral surface. .4m central cylindrical bag body 12C is housed so as to be in contact with each other. Furthermore, two cylindrical bag bodies 12B for shape retention are accommodated between the adjacent cylindrical bag bodies 12A and the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral bag body 11 so as to be in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral bag body 11. ing. In the following description, the cylindrical bag bodies 12A, 12B, and 12C having different diameters and arrangements are collectively referred to as the cylindrical bag body 12 with a reference numeral 12 added thereto.

As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), each cylindrical bag body 12 accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body 11 is formed of a substantially cylindrical body into which predetermined air is injected. The cylindrical bag body 12 having a specific length can be selected from its workability at ˜5 m. These cylindrical bag bodies 12 form a flat bag body as shown in FIG. 5A before injecting air into the inside, and an injection hose 13 extending from an air pump 14 to a valve 13 provided at one end thereof. Nozzle (not shown) is mounted, air is injected at a predetermined internal pressure (for example, about 0.1 N / mm ² ) until the bag body is substantially cylindrical, and the valve 13 is sealed. By applying such an internal pressure, the cylindrical bag body 12 after the air injection has an elongated cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. The cylindrical bag body 12 having an elongated cylindrical shape formed by injecting air of a predetermined internal pressure is in a state of being accommodated in the outer bag 11 as shown in FIG. The cross-sectional shape can be maintained without being deformed in a state where the cylindrical bag bodies 12 are in contact with the external pressure acting.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cylindrical bag body 12 is configured such that a part of each cylindrical bag body 12 having various diameters contacts at several points on the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral bag body 11, It is arranged so that it can be supported from. Thereby, the outer periphery bag body 11 can maintain the cross-sectional shape substantially approximated to the circle of the diameter. That is, the outer peripheral bag body 11 is not an accurate circular cross section, but is retained in the portion in contact with the cylindrical bag body 12 at the contact point with the cylindrical bag body 12 that is accommodated inside and inscribed in the outer peripheral bag body 11. Has been. For this reason, the outer periphery bag body 11 becomes a polygon as many as the number of inscribed locations with the cylindrical bag body 12.

  The diameter, accommodation number, and arrangement of the various cylindrical bag bodies 12 shown in FIG. 1 are examples for efficiently retaining the outer circumferential bag body 11 in a substantially circular shape. At this time, the cylindrical bag body 12 accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body 11 is expanded in advance into a cylindrical body as described above, and the outer peripheral bag body 11 is substantially formed so as to be sequentially packed in the outer peripheral bag body 11. It is preferable to have a circular shape. For example, in the case of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, the diameters of the central cylindrical bag body 12C and the supporting cylindrical bag body 12A are five supporting cylindrical bags around one central cylindrical bag body 12C. When the body 12A is arranged in the outer circumferential bag body 11, a part of the supporting cylindrical bag body 12A is inscribed in the outer circumferential bag body 11, and the outer circumferential bag body 11 is It can be a rounded pentagon. Next, the outer peripheral bag body 11 can be made to have a more circular shape by storing two cylindrical bag bodies 12B having a small diameter for shape retention between the adjacent cylindrical bag bodies 12A. . As the shape-retaining cylindrical bag body 12B, three further smaller diameter bags may be used and arranged in a triangular shape.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the cylindrical bag body 12 for shape retention. In this modification, the cylindrical bag body 12D for shape retention is arranged so as to be inserted into each position shown in the state in which air is injected to such an extent that it cannot be completely inflated. Thereafter, by injecting air into the cylindrical bag body 12D, a sufficiently close contact surface with the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral bag body 11 is secured, and the adjacent flat bag body 12A is also touched. It expands to a substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer peripheral bag body 11 can be formed in a shape closer to a circular cross section than in the case of FIG. 1.

  In the above description, it has been described that air is injected into each cylindrical bag body 12, but it is also possible to inject an incompressible fluid such as water. In that case, since the weight per one cylindrical bag body 12 becomes large, the flat cylindrical bag body 12 before injection | pouring is previously accommodated in the outer periphery bag body 11, and the water feed pump 14, water injection hose The water stored in the tank 16 (FIG. 3A) or the like may be supplied to the cylindrical bag body 12 through 15 (water injection).

  Next, the shape retaining structure in the extending direction of the outer peripheral bag body 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. As described above, it is convenient to use an off-the-shelf wind tube having a diameter suitable for the inner diameter of the space to be formed as the outer peripheral bag body 11, but the wind tube has a predetermined diameter when deployed in the extending direction. The wire 17 such as a shape-retaining coated steel wire is attached so as to be integrated with the wind tube membrane material. Even when the outer peripheral bag body 11 is manufactured independently and applied to the space forming mold 10, it is preferable to incorporate the same shape-retaining wire 17 into the film material. As an example, the ring-shaped wire 17 shown in FIG. 5A is attached at a predetermined interval in the extending direction, or the spiral wire 17 is attached as shown in FIG. 5B. preferable. In the example of FIG. 5B, the wire 17 is attached so as to form a double spiral.

  As described above, the outer peripheral bag body 11 itself has a shape retaining performance, but in order to resist external pressure as a mold, a plurality of cylindrical bag bodies 12 are arranged inside to maintain a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. By the way, the space forming form 10 is laid for a predetermined distance in the extending direction. At this time, the outer peripheral bag body 11 needs to maintain a substantially circular cross-sectional shape at any position in the extending direction. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, the unit length of the cylindrical bag body 12 accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body 11 is determined in advance. For this reason, when a plurality are arranged in the extending direction, as shown in FIG. 2, they are not connected in the extending direction and are discontinuously accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body 11 like a joint. Therefore, in order for the outer bag 11 as a mold to resist external pressure and maintain a substantially circular cross-sectional shape, the position corresponding to the seam of each cylindrical bag 12 is not concentrated in one place in the extending direction. It is preferable to do. For this reason, in this invention, the adjacent position of each cylindrical bag 12 is arrange | positioned shifting the adjacent position, as shown in FIG. FIG.5 (c) is the schematic which showed the example of arrangement | positioning in the extension direction of each cylindrical bag body 12 in the longitudinal cross section corresponding to the outer periphery bag body 11 which made FIG.5 (a), (b) an example. . Thus, by arrange | positioning so that the seam of each cylindrical bag body 12 may shift | deviate within the outer periphery bag body 11, the deformation resistance with respect to the external pressure of the outer periphery bag body 11 can be ensured uniformly.

Here, a means for fixing the above-described space forming mold 10 on the foundation concrete 2 or the like will be described with reference to FIGS.
The space forming mold 10 needs to be fixed at a predetermined position on the leveled concrete or the foundation concrete 2. As this fixing means, as shown in FIG. 1, two ring bolts 21 attached to a post-placed anchor 20 installed at a predetermined position of the foundation concrete 2 on both sides of the outer peripheral bag body 11 are used as fixing parts. The wire 22 is stretched along the outer bag 11 and both ends of the wire 22 are fixed to the ring bolt 21. This fixing means is installed at a predetermined interval in the extending direction of the space forming mold 10 along the route of the planned inspection horizontal shaft 9 (see FIG. 6 (c), FIG. 8 (c), etc.). To do. When there is a possibility that the wire 22 may damage the outer bag 11, it is preferable to use a resin-coated wire or a cloth band.

A process of constructing a filling material such as concrete around the space forming mold 10 described above and constructing a tunnel-like cavity such as an inspection horizontal shaft 9 therein will be described with reference to FIGS. The description will be given with reference.
As described above, the material filling the underground cavity 1 can ensure the strength equivalent to the surrounding ground strength, and the underground cavity 1 is filled with the filling material so as not to cause subsidence in the immediate ground board. It is necessary to make it. In this embodiment, the grout mortar 5 is used as the filling material for the underground cavity 1, but in addition to this, in order to reduce the weight of the filling material, air mortar, air milk, and air bubbles mixed with a large amount of air are used. It is also preferable to use soil, fluidized soil or the like.

  6 is an explanatory view showing a procedure for placing grout mortar 5 as a filling material in the space around the space forming mold 10 fixed at a predetermined position of the foundation concrete 2. Fig.6 (a) has shown the time of the mold installation before placement. From this state, the grout mortar 5 is placed around the space forming mold 10 as shown in FIG. At this time, the unit volume mass of the space forming mold 10 configured by filling the cylindrical bag body 12 with air is smaller than the unit volume mass of the grout mortar 5 placed around the space. For this reason, when the grout mortar 5 is placed around the space forming mold 10, the height of the grout mortar 5 that is placed acts as a force that holds down the space forming mold 10 downward (for space forming). Care is taken to ensure that the mold does not lift up to 1/2 or more of the height of the mold 10 and that the tension applied to the fixing wire is not excessive.

  As shown in FIG. 3C, the space forming mold 10 is completely embedded in the grout mortar 5, and after the placement of the grout mortar 5 to a predetermined placement depth, a predetermined curing period is passed. When the strength of the grout portion is secured, the mold is removed. First, air is injected from the cylindrical bag body 12 so that each cylindrical bag body 12 is flattened and pulled out from the outer peripheral bag body 11. Fold it to a size that is less than the diameter of the human hole that will be the carry-out port and carry it out of the mine. Thereafter, the shape retaining wire 17 of the outer bag 11 is loosened, and the outer bag 11 in close contact with the grout mortar 5 is folded in the horizontal shaft so as to be peeled off from the grout mortar 5. To the outside of the mine.

  7 is a construction means and procedure for preventing the space forming form 10 from being lifted when the grout mortar 5 is placed by assembling the support support 25 from the ceiling surface 3 side of the underground cavity 1. Is shown. As shown in FIG. 1A, a support support 25 is assembled with a lightweight steel frame, wood, etc. in the space between the space forming form 10 installed on the foundation concrete 2 and the ceiling surface 3 of the underground cavity 1. Then, the space forming mold 10 is fixed at a predetermined position on the foundation concrete 2 from above. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5B, as described above, the height of the grout mortar 5 that has been placed acts as a force that holds down the space forming mold 10 downward (the space forming mold 10). The support support 25 can be removed when the grout mortar 5 has reached a predetermined strength. Even when the support support 25 is removed, the space forming mold 10 is held in position by the dead weight of the grout mortar 5 placed around the space forming mold 10 and the surrounding restraint caused by the hardening. Accordingly, it is only necessary to pipe a hose (not shown) for grout mortar 5 in the unfilled underground cavity 1 shown in FIG. 2B and fill the space up to the state shown in FIG. Similarly to the case of FIG. 6 (c), when the grout mortar 5 has been placed and the strength of the grout portion is ensured after a predetermined curing period, the mold is removed. As described above, the demolding procedure may be performed by pulling out the plurality of cylindrical bag bodies 12 from the outer peripheral bag body 11, folding them into a compact size, and carrying them out from a narrow carry-out port such as a human hole.

  Each figure of FIG. 8 is explanatory drawing which showed the flow of construction of the earthquake-resistant construction for the purpose of filling the inside of the air hole which existed as the underground cavity 1 directly under a building, and raising ground strength. The building 4 is supported by the pile foundation P. However, in order to increase the earthquake resistance of the building 4, it is assumed that the underground cavity 1 existing immediately below the building 4 is filled and closed. In this construction, an example in which the space forming form 10 of the present invention is used for constructing the inspection lateral shaft 9 in the filling region 7 of the underground cavity 1 will be described below.

  As shown to Fig.8 (a), the building 4 is constructed | assembled in the ground part of the ground in which the existing wind hole (henceforth the underground cavity 1) exists. The figure also shows an existing human hole 6 constructed for inspection of the underground cavity 1 directly under the building 4. In view of the process, it is preferable to fill the underground cavity 1 directly under the building 4 using the manhole 6. Therefore, first, a partition wall 8 that partitions the filling region 7 of the underground cavity 1 is constructed. Then, grout mortar 5 as a filler is injected into the partitioned area. At this time, in order to periodically check the situation of the underground cavity 1, it is possible to construct an inspection lateral shaft 9 that penetrates the filling area 7 and the partition wall 8 and can be pulled out to the underground cavity 1 of another area that is not filled. preferable. The space forming mold 10 of the present invention is used to construct the inspection horizontal shaft 9. In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral bag body 11 having an extension extending through the filling region 7 and a large number of cylindrical bag bodies 12 accommodated therein are folded from the manhole 6 to the underground cavity 1. Carry in. And while extending the outer periphery bag body 11 to the extension direction on the foundation concrete 2, it inserts and accommodates the many cylindrical bag bodies 12 which consist of various diameters which air-inject | poured in the outer periphery bag body 11, The space forming mold 10 shown in FIG. 1 is assembled between the partition wall 8 and the human hole 6 and fixed on the foundation concrete 2 (FIG. 8B). Thereafter, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the grout mortar 5 is filled in the filling region 7. And after grout expresses predetermined intensity, the cylindrical bag body 12 is taken out from the outer periphery bag body 11. At that time, as described above, if the cylindrical bag body 12 is taken out from the outer peripheral bag body 11 while the air is released from each cylindrical bag body 12, it can be quickly carried out from the human hole 6. Moreover, the outer peripheral bag body 11 developed in the circumferential direction is removed so that the grout mortar 5 surface of the space finally formed in the tunnel shape is exposed. Finally, as shown in FIG. 8C, the inspection side shaft 9 is constructed in the filling region 7. At the time of service, the inspector who has come down from the manhole 6 can pass through the inspection horizontal shaft 9 and move into the adjacent underground cavity 1. By providing such inspection horizontal shafts 9 in the filling regions 7 at various places, the underground cavities 1 that pass through the respective filling regions and exist in a wide area can be moved back and forth, and the inspection work is efficiently performed. be able to.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, Audit gallery (passage for inspection) in various structures, such as temporary dam, temporary levee, shield tunnel start shaft, flood discharge, temporary waterway, working space, etc. It can be applied to the formation of a space having various purposes. The invention can be modified in various ways within the scope of the claims. That is, embodiments obtained by combining technical means appropriately changed within the scope of the claims are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Underground cavity 2 Foundation concrete 4 Building 5 Grout mortar 9 Inspection horizontal shaft 10 Space forming form 11 Peripheral bag 12 Tubular bag 20 Anchor 22 Wire 25 Support support

Claims (5)

  By hardening the filled material, it is installed in the section where the structure is formed, and the outer bag is the outer shape of the space formed in the structure, and the inside is filled with fluid and held in a predetermined cylindrical shape The cylindrical bag body is arranged and accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body, and the outer shape of the space formed in the structure body is formed by the outer peripheral bag body. A space forming form characterized by the above.   The cylindrical bag is composed of a plurality of cylindrical bodies, and the plurality of cylindrical bags are brought into close contact with each other so that a part of the cylindrical bag is inscribed in an inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral bag. The space forming mold according to claim 1, wherein the space forming mold is arranged and accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body.   The space forming form according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylindrical bag body is filled with air having a predetermined internal pressure to form a cylindrical body.   The cylindrical bag body is carried into the installation position in the compartment in a flat state, is assembled by being expanded into a predetermined cylindrical shape in the compartment, and is arranged and accommodated in the outer peripheral bag body. The mold for forming a space according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The space forming form according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral bag body is fixed on a base surface in the compartment so as to form an outer shape of a space formed in the structure.

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