JP2011169096A - Structural components and method for fabrication of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide low-priced technique enabling planning and fabrication in manufacturing a structure like a storeroom, etc. without using professional techniques, tools, etc., whereas a conventional construction method requires knowledge on selecting necessary parts, planning of a connection method of the respective parts, etc., acquiring and executing the material-processing technique. <P>SOLUTION: A wall panel 1a is composed of a surface material 30 and frames 31. The frame 31 has openings 32 opened at regular intervals from the panel angle part. These openings 32 are arranged so that they come to the same positions as the openings of another adjacent wall panel 1a. For connecting the panels, a metal connector such as a bolt, a dowel stopper, or other similar means is inserted into the opening 32. The panels of various sizes are provided, so that, it is possible to fabricate the structures of various sizes by combining them. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a member that can be easily manufactured by combining members formed in a panel shape when assembling a housing of a structure such as a storage, and an assembling method thereof.

  As a structure of a frame in the production of a structure such as a storeroom, a conventional construction method using a frame structure such as a column and a beam, a 2 × 4 (two-by-four) construction method, a log house construction method, and the like are known. Moreover, the construction method using a wooden panel is disclosed for the purpose of shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-144891 A

  However, in the above-described construction method, it is difficult for those who are not specialized in construction to select necessary members, to know knowledge about design such as a joining method of each member, and to acquire and practice material processing techniques. In addition, dedicated tools are required for processing and construction, and since many members are heavy, heavy construction equipment such as cranes is also required. Furthermore, the log construction method has a problem in terms of economy, such as a large amount of wood, which is expensive. For this reason, even when a simple structure such as a storeroom is required, it is often the case that an off-the-shelf product is purchased or an order is placed from an expert. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique that can be designed and assembled without requiring specialized techniques, and can be manufactured at low cost.

  The first means is a structural member used for assembling a structure such as a storeroom, and is substantially the same as the outer shape of the substantially rectangular frame member 31 and the frame member, and is joined to one side surface of the frame member. And the length of each side of the frame member is an integral multiple of a predetermined length, and a through-hole 32 used for connection with the other structural member is provided on the frame member. Each of the predetermined length intervals from the corner of the frame material, or all the positions one-half of the predetermined length from the corner of the frame material and the predetermined position from the position. It is characterized by being perforated at intervals of length.

  The second means is a structural member of the first means, and is characterized in that it has a cross shape in which the through hole is perpendicular to the center.

  The third means is connected to the structural member described in the first or second means, and is a substantially quadrangular prism, a cross-shaped through-hole orthogonal to the center or a through-hole directed in a different direction that goes alternately. The structural member is used as a pillar drilled at intervals of a predetermined length defined by the structural member in the length direction.

  A fourth means is a method for assembling a structure such as a storeroom, the step of forming the boulders 11 and the base 12 in a predetermined shape in advance, and the large draw 13 as necessary, and then the first or second The structural member described in the second means (hereinafter referred to as member A) is fixed as a floor, and then the structural member used as the pillar described in the third means erected at the four corners of the structure. It is characterized by comprising a step of connecting the members A to form walls while using them as necessary, and then a step of connecting the members A to each other to form walls.

  The fifth means is a method for assembling the structural member according to the fourth means, and the frame member for the structural member according to the first or second means is structured according to the use of the structure. A wall is formed by being arranged on the outer surface side or the inner surface side of an object.

  According to the present invention, by combining a plurality of panels and other members, design planning and production of a structure such as a storeroom can be performed without requiring specialized techniques. As a result, it is possible to provide a technique that can be easily manufactured when assembling a structure such as a storeroom.

  More specifically, various members consisting of floor panels, wall panels, window panels, pillar materials, wife wall panels, trusses or roof panels that are large enough to be carried by human hands without requiring heavy machinery are prepared. A frame can be constituted by combining members like blocks. Among the above members, the basic panel is composed of a frame material and a face material. The simple structure can reduce the production cost, and the material cost can be reduced by reducing the material volume.

  In addition, by providing perforations in the frame material and using bolts / nuts, dowel plugs or similar connectors, the panels can be easily connected to each other. Further, the large number of holes provided for the connection are useful for repeatedly assembling trials without damaging the panel member during the temporary assembly work. Furthermore, the transfer and dismantling of the structure such as the storage after the completion of the production can be performed only by removing the connection tool, and can be reused without damaging the panel member. Also, by using perforations, various applications such as making a fulcrum of joinery as a hinge, attaching a bolt type caster or the like, and making movable furniture or a cart are possible. On the other hand, for experts, it cannot be denied that joining using a connector is complicated, but since the panel member can be joined with wood screws or the like, the member of the present invention can be used regardless of skill.

  Furthermore, the design itself can be omitted by preparing different combinations according to floor areas in advance. Also, by learning the combination, you can easily design your own design.

  Due to the above-mentioned features, since the main members among the structural components are made up of panels, the combination is simple, requires no special skills, can be designed and assembled easily, and can be manufactured at low cost. Provision is possible.

  Further, the member of the present invention can be used not only for a structure such as a storehouse but also for a partition wall as a partition due to its simple shape. For example, it can be used to ensure privacy by using it at an evacuation site in the event of a disaster. It can also be used for emergency measures such as stretchers, cots, and desks. Furthermore, as a bridge until the construction of emergency temporary housing by the government in the event of a disaster, it is possible to provide a better space than a fabric tent.

It is the 3rd view of a wall panel, and the one part enlarged view of the side surface. It is explanatory drawing of the pillar material which has various hole shapes. It is a perspective view which shows the assembly process (1) of a structure. It is a perspective view which shows the assembly process (2) of a structure. It is a perspective view which shows the assembly process (3) of a structure. It is a perspective view which shows the assembly process (4) of a structure. It is a perspective view which shows the assembly process (5) of a structure. It is a perspective view which shows the assembly process (6) of a structure. It is an example of a structure. It is an example of a structure. It is an example of a combination of wall panels. It is an example of a combination of wall panels. It is a top view of the construction example of the wall panel in case floor areas differ. It is a cross-sectional top view which shows an example of wall panel arrangement | positioning. It is a cross-sectional top view which shows the other example of wall panel arrangement | positioning. It is an example of the wall panel of a different dimension. In the wall panel B, (a) is a three-sided view, and (b) is an enlarged view of a corner. It is a figure which shows the connection of the panels by the wall panel B. FIG. FIG. 4 is a layout view of a wall panel B. The structure is a combination of a wall panel B and a pillar material. It is the example which uses wall panel B and an opening-and-closing type fitting, (a) is a front view, (b) is the upper surface enlarged view of the X section. It is the usage example which combined the wall panel B with the caster. It is an example using the heat insulating material of Example 2. It is an example of the decorative face material of Example 3, (a) is a front view, (b) is the upper surface enlarged view of the Y section.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is an example of a wall panel 1a (vertical 1800 mm × horizontal 600 mm) called “panel A” of the present invention, which is composed of a substantially square frame member 31 and a rectangular surface member 30 bonded to one side of the frame member. Composed. The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the face material are almost the same as the outer dimensions of the frame material, and it is necessary that the face material does not protrude from the frame material. The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the panel are not limited to this example, but are basically an integer multiple of 1 to 16 of 150 mm. In this embodiment, the unit length is 150 mm, but this unit length can be changed according to the structure. The floor panel, window panel, and roof panel have the same structure. About the end wall panel, although the shape of a frame material and a face material differs, the structure is the same. The plate thickness of the face material is arbitrary. On the four sides of the frame member 31, a plurality of perforations are provided at intervals of 150 mm from the four corners of the outer frame to provide holes 32. For example, three holes are provided in a frame material having a width of 600 mm. Naturally, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, when the left and right end surfaces of the panels (in the figure, the wall panel 1a and the window panel 3) are connected, the hole 32 has the same position as the hole of another adjacent panel. Arranged to come to the place. For connection of the panels, a connection tool 33 such as a bolt, a dowel plug, or a similar hardware is used for the hole 32. Moreover, you may join with a wooden screw etc.

  The material of the face material 30 is basically a structural plywood, but may be a strong plate-like material such as a structural panel (OSB) or a medium density fiber board (MDF). Further, it may be a transparent or translucent plate-like industrial product such as a polycarbonate plate, an acrylic plate, or a vinyl chloride plate for a portion requiring lighting. Moreover, it is good also for uses, such as a small animal shed and a aviary, using a wire net, a net, etc.

  Column materials, panel connecting materials, trusses, and panel frame materials, which will be described later, are engineered wood such as wood, laminated wood, or single-plate laminated material (LVL), but hard plastic that has strength to hold wooden screws, etc. It may be an industrial product.

  The structure of each panel is the same as that of the wall panel 1a, in which a face material is pasted on a frame material. However, floor panels that require strength may be reinforced by increasing the thickness of the face material. Reinforcement such as providing a middle rail in the center of the panel may be used.

  FIG. 2 shows variations of the column material. Since the pillar member 40 has a hole 32 for a connecting tool such as a bolt formed in a cross shape, there are few restrictions on the connecting position. The vertical spacing of the holes is the same as the hole spacing of the panel. Holes 32 are alternately drilled in the column member 41, and there are fewer cross-sectional defects and greater strength than the column member 40, and it can be used for large structures. About the space | interval of a hole, it is the same as the pillar material 40. FIG. There is no hole 32 in the column member 42, and a connecting tool such as a bolt cannot be used. Moreover, since protrusions, such as a nut, do not come out, it can be used according to the design. In addition, this pillar material can be used also for the panel B mentioned later.

  3 to 8 show an assembling process of the structure 20 using the panel A. FIG. Panel B described later can be assembled in the same process.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, a boulder 11, a base 12 such as antiseptic treated wood, and a large forehead 13 are formed in a predetermined shape in advance. The boulder 11 may be a concrete block or a concrete foundation. The large draw 13 may also be omitted in the case of soil finishing that does not require a floor surface.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the floor panel 2 is laid on the base and the fork and fixed with a woodworking screw or the like. The floor panel 2 may be an alternative such as a structural plywood. Similar to the above, it may be omitted in the case of the soil finish.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the wall panel 1 a and the column member 6 are connected using a connector such as a bolt or a wooden screw, and the column member 6 is arranged so as to be positioned at the four corners of the structure. Stand on the base 12 using screws or the like.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the window panel 3 is inserted into the central portion of the wall surface and connected using a connecting tool such as a bolt or a wooden screw. Similarly, the wall panel 1a of all the four walls of the structure is erected, leaving the entrance / exit part.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the wall panels 1b and 1c and the end wall panel 4a are connected and fixed using a connector or a wooden screw. Since these members serve as connecting materials for adjacent panels and become box beams, the structure is solid, and at the same time, it is useful for securing the ceiling height.

  Finally, as shown in FIG. 8, the roof panel 5 is connected and fixed using a connector or a wooden screw, and the joiners 7 and 8 are suspended. The structure 20 can be assembled by the above process.

  FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the end wall panel 4b and the truss 9. There is room for the installer to choose the roof finish freely without blocking the roof surface. Further, the shape of the truss may be a single flow. As a result, a roof that allows daylighting using a polycarbonate corrugated sheet or the like is possible. Moreover, you may build huts, such as a rafter, directly without depending on a truss.

  FIG. 10 shows another embodiment using the panel connecting material 10 and the wall panel 1a. The wall panel 1a can be used for other parts depending on the method of use, and indicates that a land-roof shaped structure is possible. As a result, it can be assembled even in places where the height is limited, such as a parking lot in a building.

  11 and 12 show examples of wall panel combinations according to the present invention. Free specifications by the installer can be selected, such as attaching an aluminum sash to the opening 21 made by the combination of panels.

  FIG. 13 shows variations of combinations according to the floor area of the structure. Various selections can be made according to the installation location and intended use.

  FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the combination of the wall panels of the present invention, and the face material 30 is erected toward the outside of the structure 20. In this case, it is possible to work from the inside of the structure, and it is possible to construct in a narrow area.

  FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the combination of the wall panels of the present invention. In contrast to FIG. 14, the face material 30 is erected toward the inside of the structure 20. In this case, finishing of the inner wall can be omitted. In addition, the finish of the outer wall can be selected with free specifications by the installer.

  FIG. 16 shows some of the variations of the panel of the present invention. In addition, the number in a figure shows a dimension (mm). All dimensions are basically an integral multiple of 150 mm. By preparing various sizes, various structures such as kennels, shelves, and tool boxes can be produced in addition to storerooms.

  FIG. 17 shows an example of a panel 1g (length: 1200 mm × width: 600 mm) of another example wall (hereinafter referred to as “panel B”), which is the same as the panel 1a of the above-described wall panel (panel A) shown in FIG. Although it is a structure, the drilling position of the hole 32 is set to 75 mm (1/2 of the unit length) from the four corners of the outer frame, and the intermediate portion is set at every 150 mm interval. The hole may be penetrated only in one direction as in FIG. 1, but as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 1B, the hole is formed in a cross shape perpendicular to the center and including the face material 30. As will be described later, the panels can be connected to each other at right angles without using pillar materials.

  The outer dimension of the panel B is an integral multiple of 150 mm in accordance with the variation of FIG. Thereby, it is possible to connect the panels having a short side dimension of 150 mm using the connector 33.

  Since the position of the hole 32 is 75 mm different from the panel A in the panel B, the connection tool 33 cannot be used to connect the panels when the panel B is used in combination with the panel A, so a wooden screw is used. The connection method between the panels B is based on the connection method between the panels A, and a connection tool 33 such as a bolt, a dowel plug, or a similar hardware is used. Moreover, you may join with a wooden screw etc.

  18 and 19 show the connection by the panels B. Although the use of the pillar material 6 is not hindered, as shown in the figure, since the planar shape of the structure can be configured without using the pillar material 6, the number of members can be reduced. In addition, the wall panel shown in FIG. 18 can face the direction of the face material 30 both outside (see (a)) and inside (see (b)) of the structure, like the panel A in FIGS. it can.

  FIG. 20 shows that depending on the three-dimensional combination of panels, a box-like structure can be configured by using a part of the column material 6.

  FIG. 21 shows that a pin can be used as a hinge 44 serving as a fulcrum of the joinery 43 by inserting a pin into the hole 32 of the panel B.

  FIG. 22 shows that by using bolt-type casters 45 having the same diameter in the holes 32, mobile furniture, carts, and the like can be easily created.

  FIG. 23 shows that the heat insulating material 45 is attached in a range surrounded by the face material 30 and the frame material 31 of the panel A. The heat insulating material 45 can be constructed regardless of the type, such as felt-like heat insulating material such as glass wool, board-like heat insulating material such as polyethylene foam, and blowing foam heat insulating material such as urethane foam. However, since the hole 32 is closed, it is necessary to perform construction so as to cover the connector 33 after assembling the structure. In addition, when the heat insulating material 45 is attached before the assembly of the structure, a part of the heat insulating material in the attachment range of the connector 33 is cut off and closed after the assembly. The same applies to panel B.

  FIG. 24 shows that the face material 30 can be the decorative face material 47 for both panels A and B. The decorative face material 47 is assumed to have a joint pattern or the like applied to a structural plywood or the like, or decorated with a coating process or molding. Alternatively, the decorative face material 47 may be overlapped on the face material 30 and double-bonded.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a-1j Wall panel 2 Floor panel 3 Window panel 4a, 4b End wall panel 5 Roof panel 6 Column material 7 Door fitting 8 Window fitting 9 Truss 10 Panel connecting material 11 Stone 12 Base 13 Large drawing 20 Structure 21 Opening 30 Face material 31 Frame material 32 Hole 33 Connecting tool 40-42 Column material 43 Joining tool 44 Hinge 45 Caster 46 Heat insulation material 47 Cosmetic face material

Claims (5)

In structural members used for assembly of structures such as storerooms,
A substantially square frame member (31), and a face member (30) substantially the same as the outer dimension of the frame member and bonded to one side surface of the frame member;
The length of each side of the frame material is an integral multiple of a predetermined length,
A through hole (32) for connection with the other structural member is on the frame member;
Every interval of the predetermined length starting from the corner of the frame member, or all the positions one-half the predetermined length away from the corner of the frame member and the interval of the predetermined length starting from the position A structural member characterized in that it is perforated. The structural member according to claim 1, wherein the through hole has a cross shape that goes straight at the center. It is connected with the structural member according to claim 1 or 2,
It ’s almost a square pole,
Cross-shaped through-holes that are orthogonal at the center or through-holes that are alternately directed in different directions are drilled in the length direction at intervals of a predetermined length determined by the structural member. Structural member used as a characteristic pillar. A step of forming a boulder (11) and a base (12) in a predetermined shape in advance, and a large draw (13) as necessary, and then a structural member (hereinafter referred to as a member) according to claim 1 or 2. A) is fixed as a floor, and then the member A is connected to the wall while using the structural member used as a pillar according to claim 3 erected at the four corners of the structure as necessary. A method for assembling a structural member, comprising: forming a wall by connecting a plurality of members A to each other and forming a wall. According to the use of a structure, the frame material of the structural member of Claim 1 or 2 is arrange | positioned in the outer surface side or inner surface side of a structure, and a wall is formed, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Method for assembling structural members.

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