JP6270415B2 - Building unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building unit that is used to construct a building and forms a part of the building.

  Conventionally, building units are used to construct multi-storey buildings such as apartment houses, hotels, and schools. The building unit is produced in a factory and carried into a building construction site. The plurality of building units carried into the building construction site are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, stacked in the vertical direction, and then joined together.

  The conventional building unit is composed of a frame or a frame including a plurality of columns made of steel and a plurality of beams, and each building unit defines each room of the building. Therefore, in the building, two pairs of pillars or two sets of beams, which are part of two building units adjacent to each other, overlap each other to form a boundary between two adjacent rooms (Patent Documents described below). 1).

JP 2005-98078 A

  By the way, if the boundary between two rooms adjacent to each other is defined by one set of pillars or one set of beams common to both rooms, rather than by two overlapping sets of columns or two sets of beams, the entire building It is considered that the number of columns or beams can be reduced, and that the height or inner method of each room can be increased, and the weight of the building itself can be further reduced. It aims at providing the building unit for realizing.

  The present invention relates to a building unit that is used to construct a building and forms a part of the building unit, a pair of columns that are spaced apart from each other, and a beam that is disposed between and connected to both columns. It includes two beam portions (hereinafter also referred to as “a set of beam portions”) that are joined to each column and extend in opposite directions perpendicular to the beam.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of building units are arranged in the horizontal direction or further in the vertical direction and joined together, more specifically, two building units in each of these sets of 2 in the horizontal direction. One of the two beam portions is arranged so as to face each other, and in the vertical direction, two building units are arranged so that these two pairs of pillars face each other, and further, the beam portions facing each other are arranged. A building is constructed by joining the columns facing each other and the columns facing each other.

  Each room of the constructed building is formed by two adjacent building units located on the lower side (lower floor) and two adjacent building units located on the upper side (upper floor). More specifically, each room has two pairs of pillars, two beams, and one of two joined beam portions (floor beams) constituting two building units on the lower floor and two buildings on the upper floor. It is formed by one of two beams constituting the unit and two bonded beam portions (ceiling beam). Therefore, the two left and right rooms adjacent to each other on each floor are separated by a pair of columns common to them, and the two rooms adjacent to each other on the upper and lower sides are separated by two beam portions joined to the two common beams. It is done. From this, according to the building unit according to the present invention, unlike a building constructed using a conventional building unit, there is no duplication of columns and beams between the rooms, and thus has a higher ceiling height. In addition, it is possible to construct a building having a room having a larger inner method and having a reduced weight.

  The beam of the building unit and the two beam portions may be located at one end of each column or between both ends of each column.

The building unit further has two other beams . These two other beams are arranged between two sets of beam portions of both pillars, and are joined to the tip portions of the beam portions at intervals from the end surfaces of the tip portions . By providing the other two beams, the floor beam and the ceiling beam can be made stronger.

It is a perspective view of a plurality of building units concerning one example for constructing a building. It is a front view of a part of building using the plurality of building units shown in FIG. It is a left view of a part of building shown in FIG. It is a front view of the building unit shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of a plurality of building units concerning other examples for constructing a building. It is a front view of a part of building using a plurality of building units shown in FIG. It is a left view of a part of building shown in FIG. It is a front view of the building unit shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 1, a plurality of building units are indicated generally at 10. By using the plurality of building units 10, a multi-storey building 12 (FIGS. 2 and 3) having a plurality of rooms 26 and 28 (four floors in the illustrated example) is constructed. Reference numeral 14 denotes a ceiling unit used with the building unit 10 to form a room 28 on the top floor of the building 12.

  The building unit 10 includes a pair of pillars 16 disposed at a distance from each other, and a beam 18 disposed between the pillars 16 and joined to the pillars 16 at one end (lower end in the drawing) 16a. And one pair of beam portions 20a and 20b that are joined to each column 16 at one end 16a and extend in opposite directions perpendicular to the beam 18. The beam 18 joined to both pillars 16 and the two sets of beam portions 20a and 20b form part of a floor beam or a ceiling beam that respectively define the floor or ceiling of the chambers 26 and 28. Each set of beam portions 20a, 20b has the same length dimension. Instead of the illustrated example, one of the beam portions 20a may have a long length and the other beam portion 20b may have a short length. However, the distance between the tip of one beam portion 20a and the tip of the other beam portion 20b is the same as in the illustrated example.

In addition to the beam 18, the building unit 10 has two other beams 22 arranged on both sides of the beam 18 and extending in parallel with the beam 18, and in addition, between the beam 18 and both beams 22. It is possible to have a plurality of small beams 24 arranged so as to be orthogonal to these beams 18 and 22 and joined to the beams 18 and 22. The two beams 22 parallel to the beam 18 are respectively between one beam portion 20a and the other beam portion 20b of the two sets of beam portions 20a, 20b facing each other, and these beam portions 20a, 20b. The front end portions 20a1 and 20b1 are joined to each other at an interval from the end face of the front end portion .

  The column 16 constituting the building unit 10 is made of a square steel pipe, and the beams 18 and 22, the beam portions 20a and 20b, and the small beam 24 are made of H-shaped steel. Instead of the illustrated example, for example, the column 16 is made of a round steel pipe, and the beams 18 and 22, the beam portions 20a and 20b, and the small beam 24 are made of another shape steel. Can do.

  In the illustrated example, the beam 18 is on one of the four side surfaces of the column 16 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the two beam portions 20a and 20b of each set are connected to the side surface of the column 16. The two opposite side surfaces are joined to the column 16. The beam 18 and the beam portions 20a and 20b are joined to the column 16 by welding via a through diaphragm 25 attached to one end 16a of the column 16 and a base plate 32 which will be described later. The two beam portions 20a and 20b of each set are further joined to the column 16 via a pair of gusset plates 27 (FIG. 2) extending from the column 16, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plurality of building units 10 that are used to construct the building 12 and define the plurality of rooms 26 and 28 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction and stacked in the vertical direction. . Here, a plurality of building units 10 arranged in the horizontal direction define each layer of the building 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the room 26 is formed by four building units 10 located on two levels above and below, and the room 28 on the top floor is composed of two building units 10 and two ceiling units 14 located on the level. And formed. More specifically, in general, the room 26 is formed by the right half of the upper and lower two building units 10 and the left half of the other two upper and lower building units 10, and the room 28 includes the right half and 1 of the one building unit 10. It can be said that the right half of one roof unit 14 is formed by the left half of one other building unit 10 and the left half of the other one roof unit 14.

  The plurality of building units 10 are sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction (see arrows in FIG. 1). In the horizontal arrangement, one beam portion 20a of each pair of beam portions 20a and 20b extending horizontally from each column 16 of one building unit 10 arranged on the left (left side in FIG. 1) is arranged. On the other hand, one beam portion 20b of the beam portions 20a and 20b of each set of the other (right side) building unit 10 disposed later is placed in a state of facing each other. Next, the two beam portions 20a and 20b facing each other are joined together via, for example, a gusset plate 30 (see FIG. 2). The beam portion 20a and the beam portion 20b joined together constitute one completed beam, which together with the beams 18, 22 and the small beam 24 define the floor beam or ceiling beam.

  Further, when the plurality of building units 10 are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction, the pair of pillars 16 of the one of the building units 10 arranged earlier (downward in the drawing) are arranged later on the upper side. The pair of pillars 16 of the other building unit 10 are placed in a state of being placed, and then the two pairs of upper and lower pillars 16 are joined to each other. In the illustrated example, a base plate 32 is fixed to the lower end surface and the upper end surface of each column 16. The two pairs of upper and lower columns 16 are joined together by welding the upper and lower base plates 32 that are in contact with each other.

  Further, the two building units 10 arranged in the horizontal direction located on the top floor are joined to each other at one of the beam portions 20a and 20b as described above. These two building units 10 together with the two ceiling units 14 arranged above them define a top floor room 28 and constitute a ceiling beam of a lower floor room 26 located immediately below. .

  The illustrated ceiling unit 14 basically has the same configuration as the building unit 10. For this reason, the components of the ceiling unit 14 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the components of the building unit 10 except for the pillars. The pillar 16 of the building unit 10 is required to have a length dimension that defines its height so that the rooms 26 and 28 can be a living space. On the other hand, the ceiling unit 14 constitutes the ceiling beam of the chamber 28, and the column 34 is not required to have a length dimension required for the column 16. It is short. Two base plates 32 are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the pillar 34 for joining with the pillar 16 and for joining with a roof (not shown) in the building 12, respectively. Instead of the illustrated example, the ceiling unit 14 does not have the pillar 34, and the two beam portions 20a and 20b of each set are one beam portion, and the two beam portions 20a and 20b It can be composed of one beam portion (not shown) having a length corresponding to the sum of the length and the thickness of the column 34.

  In addition, since the chambers 26 and 28, which are also referred to as so-called corner rooms, which are located on the leftmost side in FIG. The two upper and lower building units located on the leftmost side of the four building units 10 include two beam portions 20b that are part of the components from the building unit 10 and the other beams 22 between these beam portions 20b. And the small beam 24 joined to the other beam is a building unit 10 ′. For the room 28, the leftmost building unit that defines this is the building unit 10 ′, and the leftmost ceiling unit is separated from the ceiling unit 14 by two components that are part of its constituent elements. The ceiling unit 14 ′ is formed by removing the beam portions 20b, the other beams 22 between these beam portions 20b, and the small beams 24 joined to the other beams.

  By the way, instead of the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 in which the beam 18 and each set of beam portions 20a and 20b are connected to the column 16 at the lower end 16a of the column 16, the lower end of the column 16 is changed to the example shown in FIGS. As indicated by a chain line, the portion 16a can be an upper portion located above the lower end portion 16a. Alternatively, the joining position can be, for example, an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the column 16 (not shown).

  Further, the joining position may be the other end (upper end) 16b of the column 16 instead of the above-described example. 5 to 8 show a building unit 40 that is an example in which the joining position is the upper end portion 16b of the column 16. FIG. The building unit 40 corresponds to the building unit 10 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 show a building 42 constructed using a plurality of building units 40. FIG.

  The construction of the building 42 by the building unit 40 is similar to the construction of the building 12 by the building unit 10. It can be performed by joining the beam portions 20a and 20b of each set and joining the columns 16 of the two upper and lower building units 40 adjacent to each other. The building unit located on the leftmost side of the building 42 also has two beam portions 20b from the building unit 40, the other beams 22 between these beam portions 20b, and the like, similar to the building unit 10 'described above. The building unit 40 ′ is formed by removing the small beam 24 joined to the beam.

  Moreover, in the building 12 constructed | assembled using the building unit 10 shown in FIGS. 1-4, the ceiling unit 14 was used for formation of the room 28 of the top floor, but as mentioned above, a building unit Since 40 corresponds to the building unit 10 turned upside down, in the building 42 shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 8, on the contrary, a floor unit (not shown) for forming the lowest floor room. ) Is used. The floor unit may have the same configuration as the ceiling unit 14, and thus the ceiling unit 14 can be diverted to the floor unit.

  However, in the illustrated example, without using the floor unit to form the chamber, a space 44 such as a parking space is formed on the lowest floor (first floor).

  The building units 10 and 40, the ceiling unit 14 and the floor unit are produced in a factory, are transported by a transport vehicle such as a truck, and are carried into a construction site of the buildings 12 and 42. At the construction site, the buildings 12 and 42 are constructed through various operations such as placement of the carried building units 10 and 40, the ceiling unit 14 and the floor unit at predetermined positions by a crane, and subsequent interconnection by workers. The In the constructed buildings 12 and 42, a wall is then formed between a pair of pillars 16 partitioning the rooms, and the floor beams and ceiling beams of each room are finished to a floor and a ceiling, respectively. The required decor is provided.

  In the building units 10 and 40, a plurality of temporary holding members 36 (FIGS. 3 and 7) are disposed between the pillars 16 for the purpose of maintaining a distance between the pillars 16 during transportation. The temporary holding member 36 is removed after the placement of the building units 10 and 40 at a predetermined position at the construction site, or left as necessary.

  In buildings 12 and 42 constructed using a plurality of building units 10 and 40, a pair of pillars 16 of each building unit 10 and 40 form a common partition between the two left and right rooms 26 and 28 adjacent to each other. None, and two beams 18 and 22 and small beams 24 and two sets of beam portions 20a and 20b of two building units 10 located on the upper floor or two building units 40 located on the lower floor are adjacent to each other in the upper and lower directions 2 It forms a common partition for the two chambers 26 and 28. For this reason, unlike conventional buildings, there is no overlap of beams or columns between the rooms of the buildings 12 and 42, and for this reason there is no gap between the rooms. From this, the ceiling height of the chambers 26 and 26 can be higher, and the inner method can be larger. Furthermore, compared with the conventional building unit, the number of columns and beams can be reduced, and the weight of the building unit 10 can be reduced thereby.

10, 40 Building unit 12, 42 Building 16 Column 18 Beam 20a, 20b Beam portion 26, 28 Room

Claims (2)

A building unit used to construct a building and forming part of the building,
A pair of posts spaced apart from each other, are disposed between the two columns and a beam joined to Ryohashira, one pair in two extending in opposite directions perpendicular to the beam are joined to each column And two other beams that are arranged between one of the two beam portions facing each other and between the other beam portions facing each other and extending in parallel with the beams. ,
Each of the two other beams is a building unit that is joined to the distal end portion of the one beam portion and the distal end portion of the other beam portion at a distance from these end faces .   2. The building unit according to claim 1, wherein the beam and the two beam portions are located between one end of the column or both ends of the column.

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