JP2011137642A - Position detector - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restrain upsizing even if the number of objects to be identified is increased, and to reliably prevent erroneous detection. <P>SOLUTION: The position detector includes a detection unit 31 arranged in a microscope body 20 and a plurality of units 40a, 40b to be detected arranged in a revolver 10, and discriminates a rotary position of the revolver 10 to the microscope body 20 based on detection results of the units 40a, 40b to be detected by the detection unit 31. The detection unit 31 includes a detection unit 31A for prescribing a position and a detection unit 31B for discrimination having mutually different detection conditions at positions where a relative moving locus to the sections 40a, 40b to be detected becomes a common arc. The plurality of units 40a, 40b to be detected include a unit to be detected for prescribing a position to be detected by the detection unit 31A for prescribing a position and a unit to be detected for discrimination to be detected by the detection unit 31B for discrimination. The unit to be detected for discrimination is arranged at a position detectable by the detection unit 31B for discrimination when the detection unit 31A for prescribing a position detects the unit to be detected for prescribing a position. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a position detection device.

  As this type of prior art, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. In the position detection device of Patent Document 1, a revolver that is a holding body that holds a plurality of objective lenses includes a first permanent magnet that indicates an attachment position of the objective lens and a second permanent magnet that indicates an address of the revolver. Is provided. The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are arranged on individual circumferences around the rotation axis of the revolver. The second permanent magnet has a unique arrangement according to the rotational position.

  On the other hand, in the apparatus main body that rotatably supports the revolver, a Hall IC that individually detects these permanent magnets is provided on the sensor substrate. The Hall IC can detect the second permanent magnet when the first permanent magnet is detected. Therefore, in this position detection device, the address of the revolver can be determined by the arrangement of the second permanent magnets detected when the first permanent magnets are detected.

  However, in this position detection device, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet must be arranged on different circumferences. That is, when the first permanent magnet is disposed on the same circumference as the second permanent magnet, the mounting position of the objective lens cannot be determined, and an erroneous identification result may be output. For this reason, in order to prevent erroneous detection, it is necessary to arrange the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet on different circumferences, and the outer diameter of the revolver must be increased. Thereby, for example, a situation in which the microscope to which the position detection device of Patent Document 1 is applied is increased in the radial direction will be caused.

  In order to solve these problems, a position detection device described in Patent Document 2 has also been provided. In other words, in the position detection device of Patent Document 2, three or more Hall ICs whose arrangement intervals are not equal to each other are provided on the sensor substrate, while they are unique to each other on a common circumference around the rotation axis of the revolver. Permanent magnets are arranged in an arrangement manner. The position where the permanent magnet is disposed is a position corresponding to the held objective lens attached to the revolver.

  In the position detection device of Patent Document 2, only when the objective lens is attached to the position, two or more Hall IC sensors on the sensor substrate are in a state of detecting a permanent magnet. Therefore, the arrangement mode of the permanent magnet also indicates the mounting position of the objective lens, and there is no possibility of erroneous detection even when the permanent magnet is arranged on the only circumference, and the permanent magnet is placed on the outer periphery of the revolver. There is no need to provide a plurality of circumferences.

JP-A-5-341197 JP 2000-266986 A

  However, in the position detection device of Patent Document 2, when increasing the number of identifications of the objective lens, the permanent magnets must be provided at positions where a space larger than the maximum mutual spacing of the current permanent magnets is secured. In addition to this, the sensor substrate on which the Hall IC is provided must be enlarged in the circumferential direction accordingly. After all, in the position detection device of Patent Document 2, the amount of increase in the circumferential length required when the number of identifications is increased is extremely large, which is not preferable for downsizing. Note that the above-described problem is not limited to the relative rotation of the holding body and the apparatus main body. For example, even when the holding body and the apparatus main body slide on a straight line, the movement trajectory must be set to be large, which similarly results in hindering downsizing.

  In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a position detection device that can prevent an increase in size and reliably prevent erroneous detection even when the number of identifications is increased.

  In order to achieve the above object, a position detection device according to the present invention includes a detection unit disposed on one of a relatively moving holder and an apparatus main body, and one of the holder and the apparatus main body. A plurality of detected parts arranged on a movement locus of the detection unit when the holding body and the apparatus main body relatively move, and based on a detection result of the detected part detected by the detection unit A position detecting device for determining a relative position of the holding body with respect to the apparatus main body, wherein the detection unit is for position definition having different detection conditions at a position where the relative movement locus with respect to the detected portion is common The detection unit and the detection unit for discrimination are arranged, and the plurality of detection units are respectively a detection unit for position regulation to be detected by the detection unit for position regulation and the detection for discrimination. For detection And a distinguishing detection target portion disposed at a position that can be detected by the discrimination detection unit when the position definition detection unit detects the position definition detection unit. To do.

  In addition, the present invention is a detection unit disposed in one of the holding body and the apparatus main body that relatively rotate about a predetermined rotation axis, and the other of the holding body and the apparatus main body. A plurality of detected parts disposed at positions that can be detected by the detecting unit when the holding body and the apparatus main body rotate relative to each other about the rotation axis, and the detected object detected by the detecting unit. A position detection device that determines the relative rotational position of the holding body with respect to the apparatus main body based on the detection result of the detection unit, wherein the detection unit is positioned at a position where a relative movement locus with respect to the detected unit becomes a common arc. The position defining detection unit and the discrimination detecting unit having different detection conditions are arranged, and each of the plurality of detected units is a position definition to be detected by the position defining detection unit. Detected part and front The discrimination detection unit has a discrimination target to be detected, and when the position regulation detection unit detects the position regulation detection unit, the discrimination unit detects a position that can be detected by the discrimination detection unit. It is characterized in that a detection target part is provided.

  In addition, the present invention switches the optical element disposed at the reference position of the apparatus main body by rotating the holder holding the plurality of optical elements relative to the apparatus main body about a predetermined rotation axis. The switching mechanism to be applied is applied, and the detection unit disposed in one of the holding body and the apparatus main body, and the other of the holding body and the apparatus main body, and the holding body and the apparatus main body are the rotation axis. And a plurality of detected parts arranged at positions that can be detected by the detecting unit when rotating relative to the center of the apparatus, based on the detection result of the detected part detected by the detecting unit A position detection device for discriminating an optical element arranged at a reference position, wherein the detection unit is a position stipulation in which detection conditions are different from each other at a position where a relative movement trajectory with respect to the detected part is a common arc. Inspection And a plurality of detection units. The plurality of detection units include a position definition detection unit to be detected by the position definition detection unit and the determination detection unit, respectively. And a detection target part for detection at a position that can be detected by the detection part for detection when the detection part for position specification detects the detection part for position specification. Is provided.

  Further, the present invention is the above invention, wherein the position defining detection unit and the discrimination detecting unit each include a plurality of detection sensors, and the mutual intervals of the detection sensors constituting the position defining detection unit and the discrimination detection The detection conditions of the position prescribing detection section are the detection sensors of the position prescribing detection section, and the detection conditions are different from each other. Each of the detection target parts has a detection element in a manner that is unique to each other in a plurality of detection parts in the part corresponding to the detection sensor of the determination detection part. The discrimination detecting unit drives all the detection sensors when any of the detection sensors of the position defining detection unit detects a detected element.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the above invention, the detection unit includes two detection sensors constituting the position defining detection unit at both ends, and a plurality of detection units constituting the discrimination between these detection sensors. A detection sensor is provided, and all of the detection sensor of the position defining detection unit and the detection sensor of the determination detection unit are arranged on a common movement locus at equal intervals.

  Moreover, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above invention, the detection sensor outputs at least three values as a detection result of each detected element.

  Further, the present invention is the above invention, wherein the detection sensor outputs at least three values as a detection result of each detected element, and detects different values between the position defining detection unit and the discrimination detection unit. In this case, the detection conditions are made different from each other, and the detection unit for determination drives all the detection sensors when the detection sensor of the detection unit for position definition detects a corresponding value. And

  According to the present invention, since the detection unit is configured by including the position defining detection unit and the discrimination detection unit having different detection conditions, the position where the relative movement locus with respect to the detected unit is common. Even in the case of being disposed in, there is no possibility of incurring false detection. Thereby, it becomes possible to arrange | position to a to-be-detected child on a common movement locus | trajectory, and can suppress enlargement. Moreover, even when the number of identifications is increased, it is not necessary to secure an interval larger than the maximum mutual interval of the detection elements constituting the detection target portion for discrimination, and the amount of increase in the movement trajectory in which the detection elements are arranged is suppressed. be able to.

FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing the configuration of the position detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a developed explanatory view showing the detection principle of the position detecting device shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a chart of a configuration pattern of the detected portion applied by the position detection device shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of a microscope to which the position detection apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is applied. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the contents of the discrimination process performed by the discrimination control unit of the position detection device shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram conceptually showing the configuration of the position detection apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a developed explanatory view showing the detection principle of the position detection apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a chart of the configuration pattern of the detected portion applied by the position detection apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram conceptually showing the configuration of the position detection apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a developed explanatory view showing the detection principle of the position detection apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a chart of a configuration pattern of the detected portion applied by the position detection device shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a diagram conceptually showing the structure of the position detection apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a developed explanatory view showing the detection principle of the position detection apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a chart of the configuration pattern of the detected portion applied by the position detection device shown in FIG. FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually showing the structure of the position detection apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a developed explanatory view showing the detection principle of the position detecting device shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is a chart of the configuration pattern of the detected portion applied by the position detection device shown in FIG.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a position detection device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 conceptually shows the configuration of the position detection apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the position detection apparatus exemplified here includes a revolver (holding body) 10 that holds a plurality of objective lenses (optical elements) a1, a2,..., And a microscope main body (apparatus main body) that supports the revolver 10. ) 20 is applied. The revolver 10 is disposed so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis RC with respect to the microscope main body 20, and a plurality of objective lenses a1, a2,... Can be alternatively inserted into the illumination optical path L. is there. In the microscope shown in FIG. 4, in particular, the revolver 10 is provided with seven objective lenses a1, a2,... And an epi-illumination optical system b. As shown in FIG. 1, the seven objective lenses a1, a2,... Are arranged so that their optical axes are equidistant from each other on a common circumference around the rotation axis RC. Although not clearly shown in the figure, a click mechanism between the revolver 10 and the microscope body 20 that restricts the rotation of any of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a sensor substrate 30 is disposed in a region around the revolver 10 in the microscope body 20. The sensor substrate 30 has a rectangular flat plate shape and is fixed to the microscope main body 20 so as to cover the outer periphery of the revolver 10. Although not clearly shown in the figure, a gap is secured between the sensor substrate 30 and the revolver 10 to prevent them from rotating while in contact with each other.

  The sensor substrate 30 is provided with three magnetic sensors (detection sensors) 31 a, 31 b, and 31 c as detection units 31 at portions that are on a common arc centered on the rotation axis RC of the revolver 10. These magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c are configured to determine whether or not there are permanent magnets arranged to face each other, and whether or not the permanent magnets are “N poles” when the permanent magnets are arranged to face each other. The three values of “S pole” are detected, and individual detection signals are output to the discrimination control unit 100 described later, and are arranged at equal intervals. Of these three magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c, in the first embodiment, the two magnetic sensors 31a and 31c disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 30 constitute the position defining detector 31A, All of the magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c constitute a detection unit 31B for discrimination. That is, the two magnetic sensors 31a, 31c constituting the position defining detection unit 31A and the three magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, 31c constituting the discrimination detecting unit 31B are arranged so as to have different mutual intervals. The detection conditions are made different. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in the position defining detection unit 31 </ b> A of the detection unit 31, the two magnetic sensors 31 a and 31 c are disposed at positions where the mutual distance A is secured, while the determination unit 31 </ b> A In the detection unit 31B, the three magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c are arranged at positions where a mutual interval B (<A = 2B) is secured. As the magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c, for example, a Hall IC can be applied.

  On the other hand, the revolver 10 is provided with a plurality of detected portions 40a, 40b,... On a circumference that coincides with an arc on which the magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, 31c of the sensor substrate 30 are disposed. The detected parts 40a, 40b,... Are each configured by securing an area sufficient to arrange the three permanent magnets at equal intervals, and at positions that are equally spaced from each other corresponding to the objective lenses a1, a2,. It is arranged. In other words, in the first embodiment, the detected portions 40a, 40b,... Are provided at seven positions on the outer periphery of the revolver 10 that are equidistant from each other on the circumference around the rotation axis RC. These detected parts 40a, 40b,... Are associated with the arrangement positions of the objective lenses a1, a2,..., And when any objective lens a1, a2,. It is arranged to face the substrate 30. As is clear from FIG. 1, the mutual interval X between the adjacent detected portions 40a, 40b... Is sufficiently larger than the mutual interval A between the two magnetic sensors 31a, 31c disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 30. Or a distance that is not an integral multiple of the mutual interval A between the two magnetic sensors 31a, 31c disposed on the sensor substrate 30, and the two adjacent detected parts 40a, 40b,. Permanent magnets are not simultaneously detected by the magnetic sensors 31 a and 31 c disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 30.

  Each of the detected parts 40a, 40b,... Is provided with three permanent magnets (detected elements) 40a1, 40a2, 40a3,. 3 shows the arrangement of the permanent magnets 40a1, 40a2, 40a3... Relative to the above-described detected parts 40a, 40b. As is apparent from the figure, in the first embodiment, a total of 12 arrangement modes are set on condition that the two magnetic sensors 31a and 31c of the position defining detection unit 31A simultaneously detect the presence of the permanent magnet. Is possible. Seven of these arrangement modes are applied as arrangement modes of the permanent magnets 40a1, 40a2, 40a3,... In the detected parts 40a, 40b, and the types of the objective lenses a1, a2,. These are stored in a memory (not shown) of the discrimination control unit 100 described later. In each of the detected parts 40a, 40b,..., Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 31a, 31c of the position defining detection part 31A constitute a position defining detected part, and each of the detected parts 40a, 40b..., Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, 31c of the discrimination detection unit 31B constitute a discrimination detection unit.

  The position defining detector 31A may be N pole or S pole, but the two magnetic sensors 31a and 31c need to detect the presence of the permanent magnet at the same time. This is because only one of the magnetic sensors 31a and 31c constituting the position defining detection unit 31A detects the presence of a permanent magnet, and the detected permanent magnets are arranged at both ends of the detected portions 40a, 40b. This is because it cannot be identified whether it is a thing or a thing arranged in the central part. That is, when the two magnetic sensors 31a, 31c constituting the position defining detection unit 31A detect the presence of the permanent magnet at the same time, as shown in FIG. 2A, the detected units 40a, 40b. It does not occur except when it completely faces the substrate 30. Conversely, when the revolver 10 is in the middle of rotation with respect to the microscope body 20, and the detected portions 40a, 40b,... Are not completely opposed to the sensor substrate 30 as shown in FIG. In this case, the two magnetic sensors 31a and 31c constituting the position defining detector 31A cannot simultaneously detect the presence of a permanent magnet. Therefore, if the two magnetic sensors 31a, 31c constituting the position defining detector 31A simultaneously detect the presence of the permanent magnet, it is determined that any of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Has been inserted into the illumination optical path L. it can.

  On the other hand, in the case of the first embodiment, the detection unit 31B for discrimination is arranged so that the permanent magnets 40a1, 40a2, 40a3,... If it is, it is necessary to be able to determine whether it is the N pole or the S pole.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the contents of the determination process that is repeatedly performed by the above-described determination control unit 100 in a preset time cycle. Hereinafter, the operation when selecting the objective lenses a1, a2,... In the microscope will be described with reference to this flowchart as appropriate.

  First, while the microscope is being driven, the discrimination control unit 100 maintains the two magnetic sensors 31a and 31c disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 30 in a constantly operating state as the position defining detection unit 31A. It is monitored whether these two magnetic sensors 31a and 31c have detected the presence of a permanent magnet at the same time (step S101). When the two magnetic sensors 31 a and 31 c disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 30 do not detect the permanent magnet at the same time (step S <b> 101: NO), the discrimination control unit 100 detects the detected portions 40 a and 40 b with respect to the sensor substrate 30. Are not completely opposed to each other, in other words, it is determined that none of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is inserted in the illumination optical path L, and the current determination process is performed without going through the procedure described later. finish.

  On the other hand, when the two magnetic sensors 31 a and 31 c disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 30 simultaneously detect the permanent magnet (step S <b> 101: YES), the determination control unit 100 performs the three magnetic operations disposed on the sensor substrate 30. All the sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c are operated as the detection unit 31B for discrimination, and the detection signals from the respective magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c are received (step S102). The discrimination control unit 100 that has received the detection signals from the three magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c compares the detection results from the magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c with the arrangement of the permanent magnets stored in advance in the memory. The types of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Inserted in the illumination optical path L are discriminated (step S103), and the discrimination result can be output to the outside (step S104).

  According to the position detection device configured as described above, the detection unit 31 is configured by including the position defining detection unit 31A and the discrimination detection unit 31B having mutually different intervals, and thus these are arranged on a common arc. Even when it is disposed, there is no possibility of erroneous detection of the detected parts 40a, 40b. As a result, the permanent magnets 40a1, 40a2, 40a3,... Constituting the detected parts 40a, 40b,... Can be arranged on a common circumference, and the outer diameter of the revolver 10 is increased. Can be prevented. In addition, when the number of identifications of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is increased, a total of up to 12 lenses can be handled as they are, and even when the number is further increased, the respective detected portions 40a, 40b,. Since it is only necessary to add permanent magnets at equally spaced positions, there is no possibility that the apparatus will be greatly increased in size.

  In addition, in addition to whether or not the permanent magnets 40a1, 40a2, 40a3,... Exist as the detection unit 31B for determination, whether the permanent magnets 40a1, 40a2, 40a3,. Since the sensor for detecting the value is applied, the magnetic sensors 31a and 31c disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 30 can be used as the position defining detection unit 31A and the determination detection unit 31B. Since the number of magnetic sensors 31a, 31b, and 31c disposed in can be reduced, it is possible to further reduce the size of the applied microscope.

(Embodiment 2)
As described above, in the first embodiment, whether or not the permanent magnets 40a1, 40a2, 40a3,... Are N poles as well as whether the permanent magnets 40a1, 40a2, 40a3,. Although a device that detects three values of whether it is a pole is applied, the detection unit for discrimination is not limited to one that detects three values, and detects two values as in the second embodiment described below. It is also possible to apply what is to be used as the detection unit for discrimination.

  FIG. 6 conceptually shows the configuration of the position detection apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The position detection device illustrated here supports a revolver (holding body) 10 holding a plurality of objective lenses (optical elements) a1, a2,... And the revolver 10 in the same manner as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. A microscope equipped with a microscope main body (apparatus main body) 20 is applied. The revolver 10 is disposed so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis RC with respect to the microscope body 20, and a plurality of objective lenses a1, a2,... Can be alternatively inserted into the illumination optical path L. In the revolver 10, seven objective lenses a1, a2,... Are arranged so as to be equidistant from each other on a common circumference around the rotation axis RC. The point is the same as in the first embodiment, and the configuration of the detection unit and the detected unit is mainly different from the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the second embodiment, five magnetic sensors (detection sensors) 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d, and 131e are provided as the detection unit 131 on the sensor substrate 130 having a rectangular flat plate shape. These magnetic sensors 131 a, 131 b, 131 c, 131 d, and 131 e detect binary values indicating whether or not there are permanent magnets arranged opposite to each other, and output the detection results to the discrimination control unit 200. Thus, they are arranged at equal intervals on a common arc centered on the rotational axis RC of the revolver 10. Of the five magnetic sensors 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d, and 131e, in the second embodiment, the position defining detector 131A is configured by the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 130. On the other hand, the remaining three magnetic sensors 131b, 131c, and 131d arranged at the center constitute a discrimination detecting unit 131B. That is, the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e constituting the position defining detection unit 131A and the three magnetic sensors 131b, 131c and 131d constituting the discrimination detecting unit 131B are arranged so as to be different from each other. The detection conditions are made different. More specifically, in the position defining detection unit 131A of the detection unit 131, as shown in FIG. 7, the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e are arranged at positions where the mutual distance C is secured, while the determination unit 131A is used for determination. In the detection unit 131B, the three magnetic sensors 131b, 131c, and 131d are arranged at positions where a mutual distance D (<C = 4D) is secured.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the revolver 10 includes a plurality of detected portions 140a, 140b,... Is provided. Each of the detected portions 140a, 140b,... Is configured by securing an area sufficient for arranging five permanent magnets, and is disposed at positions that are equally spaced from each other by the number corresponding to the objective lenses a1, a2,. is there. In other words, in the second embodiment, the detected parts 140a, 140b,... Are provided at seven positions on the circumference of the revolver 10 that are equally spaced from each other around the rotation axis RC. These detected portions 140a, 140b,... Are associated with the arrangement positions of the objective lenses a1, a2,..., And when arbitrary objective lenses a1, a2,. It is arranged to face the substrate 130. The mutual interval Y (see FIG. 7) between the adjacent detected portions 140a, 140b... Is set at a position that does not become an integral multiple of the mutual interval between the two magnetic sensors 131a, 131e disposed on the sensor substrate 130. , The two detected parts 140a, 140b,... Adjacent to each other are not detected by the magnetic sensors 131a, 131e disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 130 at the same time.

  Each of the detected parts 140a, 140b,... Has five permanent magnets (detected elements) 140a1, 140a2, 140a3, 140a4, 140a5,. FIG. 8 shows the arrangement of the permanent magnets 140a1, 140a2, 140a3, 140a4, 140a5... With respect to the above-described detected parts 140a, 140b. As is apparent from the figure, in the second embodiment, a total of eight arrangement modes are set on condition that the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e of the position defining detector 131A simultaneously detect the presence of permanent magnets. Is possible. Seven of these arrangement modes are applied as arrangement modes of the permanent magnets 140a1, 140a2, 140a3, 140a4, 140a5,... In the detected portions 140a, 140b, and the types of the objective lenses a1, a2,. In the attached state, it is stored in a memory (not shown) of the discrimination control unit 200 described later. In each of the detected parts 140a, 140b..., Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 131a, 131e of the position defining detection part 131A constitute a position defining detected part, and each of the detected parts 140a, In 140b..., Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 131b, 131c, and 131d of the discrimination detection unit 131B constitute a discrimination detection unit.

  The position defining detector 131A needs to detect the presence of a permanent magnet by the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e at the same time. This is because only one of the magnetic sensors 131a and 131e constituting the position defining detector 131A detects the presence of a permanent magnet, and the detected permanent magnets are arranged at both ends of the detected parts 140a, 140b. This is because it cannot be identified whether it is a thing or a thing arranged in the central part. That is, when the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e constituting the position defining detection unit 131A simultaneously detect the presence of the permanent magnet, the detected portions 140a, 140b... Are detected as shown in FIG. It does not occur except when it completely faces the substrate 130. Conversely, when the revolver 10 is in the middle of rotation with respect to the microscope body 20, and the detected portions 140a, 140b,... Are not completely opposed to the sensor substrate 130 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e constituting the position defining detection unit 131A cannot detect the presence of the permanent magnet at the same time. Therefore, if the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e constituting the position defining detection unit 131A simultaneously detect the presence of the permanent magnet, it is determined that one of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is inserted into the illumination optical path L. it can. The determination detection unit 131B may be any device that can detect whether or not the permanent magnets 140a1, 140a2, 140a3, 140a4, 140a5,.

  In the position detection apparatus configured as described above, first, while the microscope is being driven, the discrimination control unit 200 includes two magnetic sensors that serve as the position defining detection units 131A disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 130. 131a and 131e are maintained in a constantly operated state, and it is monitored whether or not these two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e detect the presence of a permanent magnet at the same time. When the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 130 do not detect the permanent magnet at the same time, the discrimination control unit 200 has the detected portions 140a, 140b,. In other words, it is determined that none of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is inserted in the illumination optical path L, and the current determination process is terminated without performing the process described later.

  On the other hand, when the two magnetic sensors 131a and 131e disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 130 simultaneously detect a permanent magnet, the determination control unit 200 includes a determination detection unit 131B disposed at the center of the sensor substrate 130 and By operating all the three magnetic sensors 131b, 131c, and 131d, the illumination optical path is compared by comparing the detection signals from the magnetic sensors 131b, 131c, and 131d with the arrangement of the permanent magnets stored in the memory in advance. The types of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Inserted in L can be determined, and the determination result can be output to the outside.

  According to the position detection device configured as described above, the detection unit 131 is configured to include the position defining detection unit 131A and the discrimination detection unit 131B having mutually different intervals. Even in the case of being arranged, there is no possibility of erroneous detection of the detected parts 140a, 140b. As a result, the plurality of permanent magnets 140a1, 140a2, 140a3, 140a4, 140a5... Constituting the detected parts 140a, 140b... Can be arranged on a common circumference, and the outer diameter of the revolver 10 is large. Can be prevented. In addition, when the number of identifications of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is increased, a total of up to 8 can be handled as it is, and even if the number is further increased, a permanent magnet is provided for each detected portion. Since it suffices to add it at a position that becomes an interval, there is no possibility that the apparatus will be greatly increased in size.

(Embodiment 3)
As described above, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the magnetic sensors disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate are configured as the position defining detection units. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and will be described below. As in the third embodiment, a magnetic sensor arranged at one end of the sensor substrate can be configured as a position defining detection unit.

  FIG. 9 conceptually shows the configuration of the position detection apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The position detection device illustrated here supports a revolver (holding body) 10 holding a plurality of objective lenses (optical elements) a1, a2,... And the revolver 10 in the same manner as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. A microscope equipped with a microscope main body (apparatus main body) 20 is applied. The revolver 10 is disposed so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis RC with respect to the microscope body 20, and a plurality of objective lenses a1, a2,... Can be alternatively inserted into the illumination optical path L. In the revolver 10, seven objective lenses a1, a2,... Are arranged so as to be equidistant from each other on a common circumference around the rotation axis RC. The point is the same as in the first embodiment, and the configuration of the detection unit and the detected unit is mainly different from the first embodiment. In the third embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the third embodiment, three magnetic sensors (detection sensors) 231 a, 231 b, and 231 c are provided as the detection unit 231 on the sensor substrate 230 having a rectangular flat plate shape. These magnetic sensors 231a, 231b, and 231c indicate whether or not there are permanent magnets arranged to face each other and whether or not the permanent magnets are “N poles” when the permanent magnets are arranged to face each other. Detecting the three values of “S pole” and outputting the detection signal to the discrimination control unit 300 described later, it is arranged on a common arc centering on the rotation axis RC of the revolver 10. It is. Of these three magnetic sensors 231a, 231b, and 231c, in the third embodiment, the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b arranged at one end of the sensor substrate 230 constitute the position defining detector 231A, All of the magnetic sensors 231a, 231b, and 231c constitute a discrimination detecting unit 231B. That is, the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b constituting the position defining detection unit 231A and the three magnetic sensors 231a, 231b and 231c constituting the discrimination detection unit 231B are arranged so as to have different mutual intervals. The detection conditions are made different. More specifically, in the position defining detection unit 231A of the detection unit 231, as shown in FIG. 10, the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b are arranged at positions where the mutual distance E is secured, whereas In the detection part 231B, it arrange | positions in the position which ensured the mutual space | interval F (> E) of the magnetic sensor 231c arrange | positioned at the other end part, and the magnetic sensor 231b adjacent to this. Thereby, the mutual distance G between the magnetic sensor 231c disposed at the other end and the magnetic sensor 231a disposed at the one end is equal to the mutual distance E between the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b of the position defining detector 231A. The distance F between the magnetic sensor 231c disposed at the other end and the magnetic sensor 231b adjacent thereto does not match. As the magnetic sensors 231a, 231b, and 231c, for example, a Hall IC can be applied.

  On the other hand, the revolver 10 is provided with a plurality of detected portions 240a, 240b,... On a circumference that coincides with an arc on which the magnetic sensors 231a, 231b, 231c of the sensor substrate 230 are disposed. Each of the detected portions 240a, 240b,... Is configured by securing an area sufficient for arranging three permanent magnets, and is arranged at positions that are equally spaced from each other by the number corresponding to the objective lenses a1, a2,. is there. That is, in the third embodiment, the detected parts 240a, 240b,... Are provided at seven positions on the circumference of the revolver 10 that are equidistant from each other about the rotation axis RC. These detected portions 240a, 240b,... Are associated with the arrangement positions of the objective lenses a1, a2,..., And when arbitrary objective lenses a1, a2,. It is arranged to face the substrate 230. The mutual interval Z between the adjacent detected portions 240a, 240b,... Is set sufficiently larger than any of the mutual intervals E, F, G of the three magnetic sensors 231a, 231b, 231c disposed on the sensor substrate 230. The two detected parts 240a, 240b,... Adjacent to each other are not simultaneously detected by the two magnetic sensors 231a, 231b arranged at one end of the sensor substrate 230.

  Each of the detected portions 240a, 240b,... Is provided with three permanent magnets (detectors) 240a1, 240a2, 240a3,. FIG. 11 shows the arrangement of the permanent magnets 240a1, 240a2, 240a3,... Relative to the above-described detected parts 240a, 240b,. As is apparent from the figure, in the third embodiment, a total of 12 arrangement modes are set on condition that the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b of the position defining detection unit 231A simultaneously detect the presence of permanent magnets. Is possible. Seven of these arrangement modes are applied as the arrangement modes of the permanent magnets 240a1, 240a2, 240a3,... In the detected portions 240a, 240b, and the types of the objective lenses a1, a2,. These are stored in a memory (not shown) of the discrimination control unit 300 described later. Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 231a, 231b of the position defining detection unit 321A in each of the detected units 240a, 240b,... Constitute a position defining detected unit, and each detected unit 240a, In 240b..., Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 231a, 231b, and 231c of the discrimination detection unit 231B constitute a discrimination detection unit.

  The position defining detector 231A may be N pole or S pole, but the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b need to detect the presence of the permanent magnet at the same time. This is because only one of the magnetic sensors 231a and 231b constituting the position defining detection unit 231A detects the presence of a permanent magnet, and the detected permanent magnet is arranged in any of the detected parts 240a, 240b. This is because it cannot be identified. That is, when the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b constituting the position defining detector 231A detect the presence of the permanent magnet at the same time, as shown in FIG. It does not occur except when it completely faces the substrate 230. On the other hand, when the revolver 10 is in the middle of rotation with respect to the microscope body 20, and the detected portions 240a, 240b,... Are not completely opposed to the sensor substrate 230 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b constituting the position defining detector 231A cannot simultaneously detect the presence of the permanent magnet. Therefore, if the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b constituting the position defining detection unit 231A simultaneously detect the presence of the permanent magnet, it is determined that one of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Has been inserted into the illumination optical path L. it can.

  On the other hand, in the case of the third embodiment, the determination detection unit 231B is arranged so that the permanent magnets 240a1, 240a2, 240a3,... If it is, it is necessary to be able to determine whether it is the N pole or the S pole.

  In the position detection device configured as described above, first, while the microscope is being driven, the discrimination control unit 300 detects the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b disposed at one end of the sensor substrate 230 for position definition. The unit 231A is maintained in a constantly operated state, and monitors whether or not the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b detect the presence of a permanent magnet at the same time. When the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b arranged at one end of the sensor substrate 230 do not detect the permanent magnet at the same time, the discrimination control unit 300 has the detected portions 240a, 240b. In other words, it is determined that none of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is inserted in the illumination optical path L, and the current determination process is terminated without performing the process described later.

  On the other hand, when the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b arranged at one end of the sensor substrate 230 detect the permanent magnets at the same time, the discrimination control unit 300 displays the three magnetic sensors 231a, 231b and 231c arranged on the sensor substrate 230. Are operated as the discrimination detecting unit 231B, and the detection signals from the respective magnetic sensors 231a, 231b, and 231c are compared with the arrangement of the permanent magnets stored in the memory in advance to be inserted into the illumination optical path L. The types of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Can be discriminated and the discrimination results can be output to the outside.

  According to the position detection device configured as described above, the detection unit 231 is configured by including the position defining detection unit 231A and the discrimination detection unit 231B having mutually different intervals, so that these are arranged on a common arc. Even when it is disposed, there is no possibility of erroneous detection of the detected parts 240a, 240b. As a result, a plurality of permanent magnets 240a1, 240a2, 240a3,... Constituting the detected parts 240a, 240b,... Can be arranged on a common circumference, and the outer diameter of the revolver 10 is increased. Can be prevented. In addition, when the number of identifications of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is increased, a total of 12 lenses can be handled as they are, and even when the number is further increased, the two magnets constituting the position defining detector 231A. Since the fourth permanent magnet may be disposed on the sensor substrate 230 at an interval different from the mutual interval between the sensors 231a and 231b, the apparatus does not increase in size significantly.

  In addition, in addition to whether or not the permanent magnets 240a1, 240a2, 240a3,... Exist as the determination detection unit 231B, whether the permanent magnets 240a1, 240a2, 240a3,. Since the sensor for detecting the value is applied, the two magnetic sensors 231a and 231b arranged at one end of the sensor substrate 230 can be used as the position defining detector 231A and the discriminating detector 231B. Thus, further downsizing can be achieved.

(Embodiment 4)
As described above, in the third embodiment, as the detection unit for determination, one that detects three values of whether the permanent magnet is the N pole or the S pole is applied in addition to whether the permanent magnet exists. However, the detection unit for determination is not necessarily limited to the unit that detects three values, and a unit that detects binary values can be applied as the detection unit for determination as in the fourth embodiment described below. It is.

  FIG. 12 conceptually shows the configuration of the position detection apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The position detection device illustrated here supports a revolver (holding body) 10 holding a plurality of objective lenses (optical elements) a1, a2,... And the revolver 10 in the same manner as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. A microscope equipped with a microscope main body (apparatus main body) 20 is applied. The revolver 10 is disposed so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis RC with respect to the microscope body 20, and a plurality of objective lenses a1, a2,... Can be alternatively inserted into the illumination optical path L. In the revolver 10, seven objective lenses a1, a2,... Are arranged so as to be equidistant from each other on a common circumference around the rotation axis RC. The point is the same as in the first embodiment, and the configuration of the detection unit and the detected unit is mainly different from the first embodiment. Note that the same reference numerals in the fourth embodiment denote the same parts as those in the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 12, in the fourth embodiment, five magnetic sensors (detection sensors) 331 a, 331 b, 331 c, 331 d, and 331 e are provided as detection units 331 on a sensor board 330 having a rectangular flat plate shape. These magnetic sensors 331 a, 331 b, 331 c, 331 d, and 331 e detect a binary value indicating whether or not there is a permanent magnet arranged opposite to each other, and output the detection result to the discrimination control unit 400. Thus, the revolver 10 is arranged on a common arc centered on the rotation axis RC of the revolver 10. Of the five magnetic sensors 331a, 331b, 331c, 331d, and 331e, in the fourth embodiment, the position defining detector 331A is configured by the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b arranged at one end of the sensor substrate 330. On the other hand, the remaining three magnetic sensors 331c, 331d, and 331e arranged on the other end of the sensor substrate 330 constitute a determination detection unit 331B. That is, the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b constituting the position defining detection unit 331A and the three magnetic sensors 331c, 331d and 331e constituting the discrimination detection unit 331B are arranged so as to have different mutual intervals. The detection conditions are made different. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, in the position defining detection unit 331A of the detection unit 331, the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b are arranged at positions where the mutual distance H is ensured, while for determination. In the detection unit 331B, the magnetic sensors 331c, 331d, and 331e are arranged at positions where the mutual interval J (> H) is secured. Between the magnetic sensors 331b of the position defining detector 331A and the magnetic sensor 331c of the discrimination detector 331B adjacent to each other, an interval K that does not coincide with any of the above-described mutual intervals H and J is secured. In the fourth embodiment, the mutual distance H secured in the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b of the position defining detector 331A is greater than the mutual distance J secured in the magnetic sensors 331c, 331d, and 331e of the determination detector 331B. When setting large, the mutual space | interval H needs to be a value which does not correspond with the integral multiple of the mutual space | interval J. As the magnetic sensors 331a, 331b, 331c, 331d, and 331e, for example, a Hall IC can be applied.

  On the other hand, the revolver 10 is provided with a plurality of detected portions 340a, 340b,... On a circumference that coincides with an arc in which the magnetic sensors 331a, 331b, 331c, 331d, 331e of the sensor substrate 330 are disposed. Each of the detected portions 340a, 340b,... Is configured by securing an area sufficient for arranging five permanent magnets, and is arranged at positions that are equally spaced from each other by the number corresponding to the objective lenses a1, a2,. is there. That is, in the fourth embodiment, the detected parts 340a, 340b,... Are provided at seven positions on the circumference of the revolver 10 that are equally spaced from each other around the rotation axis RC. These detected portions 340a, 340b,... Are associated with the arrangement positions of the objective lenses a1, a2,..., And when arbitrary objective lenses a1, a2,. It is arranged to face the substrate 330. As is apparent from FIG. 12, the mutual interval Q between the adjacent detected portions 340a, 340b... Is from any of the mutual intervals of the five magnetic sensors 331a, 331b, 331c, 331d, 331e arranged on the sensor substrate 330. Are set to be sufficiently large, and two adjacent detected portions 340a, 340b,... Are not simultaneously detected by the two magnetic sensors 331a, 331b disposed at one end of the sensor substrate 330.

  Each of the detected portions 340a, 340b,... Is provided with five permanent magnets (detectors) 340a1, 340a2, 340a3, 340a4, 340a5,. FIG. 14 shows the arrangement of the permanent magnets 340a1, 340a2, 340a3, 340a4, 340a5... Relative to the above-described detected parts 340a, 340b. As is apparent from the figure, in the fourth embodiment, a total of eight arrangement modes are set on condition that the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b of the position defining detector 331A simultaneously detect the presence of permanent magnets. Is possible. Seven of these arrangement modes are applied as arrangement modes of the permanent magnets 340a1, 340a2, 340a3, 340a4, 340a5,... In the detected portions 340a, 340b, and the types of the objective lenses a1, a2,. In the attached state, it is stored in a memory (not shown) of the discrimination control unit 400 described later. In each detected part 340a, 340b..., Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 331a, 331b of the position defining detection part 331A constitute a position defining detected part, and each detected part 340a, In 340b..., Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 331c, 331d, and 331e of the discrimination detection unit 331B constitute a discrimination detection unit.

  The position defining detector 331A requires that the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b simultaneously detect the presence of a permanent magnet. This is because only one of the magnetic sensors 331a and 331b constituting the position defining detection unit 331A detects the presence of a permanent magnet, and the detected permanent magnet is arranged in any of the detected portions 340a, 340b. This is because it cannot be identified. That is, when the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b constituting the position defining detection unit 331A simultaneously detect the presence of the permanent magnet, the detected units 340a, 340b... It does not occur except when it completely faces the substrate 330. Conversely, when the revolver 10 is in the middle of rotation with respect to the microscope main body 20, and the detected portions 340a, 340b,... Are not completely opposed to the sensor substrate 330 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b constituting the position defining detection unit 331A cannot detect the presence of the permanent magnet at the same time. Therefore, if the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b constituting the position defining detector 331A simultaneously detect the presence of the permanent magnet, it can be determined that one of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Has been inserted into the illumination optical path L. it can. The determination detection unit 331B may be any one that can detect a binary value indicating whether or not a permanent magnet is present at an opposing position.

  In the position detection apparatus configured as described above, first, while the microscope is being driven, the discrimination control unit 400 includes two magnetic sensors that serve as the position defining detection unit 331A disposed at one end of the sensor substrate 330. 331a and 331b are maintained in a constantly operated state, and it is monitored whether or not these two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b detect the presence of a permanent magnet at the same time. When the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b arranged at both ends of the sensor substrate 330 do not detect the permanent magnet at the same time, the discrimination control unit 400 has the detected portions 340a, 340b. In other words, it is determined that none of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is inserted in the illumination optical path L, and the current determination process is terminated without performing the process described later.

  On the other hand, when the two magnetic sensors 331a and 331b disposed at both ends of the sensor substrate 330 simultaneously detect the permanent magnet, the determination control unit 400 detects the determination detection unit 331B disposed at the other end of the sensor substrate 330. By operating all three magnetic sensors 331c, 331d, and 331e, the detection signals from the respective magnetic sensors 331c, 331d, and 331e are compared with the arrangement of permanent magnets stored in the memory in advance. The types of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Inserted in the optical path L can be determined, and the determination result can be output to the outside.

  According to the position detection device configured as described above, the detection unit 331 is configured to include the position defining detection unit 331A and the discrimination detection unit 331B having mutually different intervals, and thus these are arranged on a common arc. Even in the case of being arranged, there is no possibility of erroneously detecting the detected portions 340a, 340b. As a result, the plurality of permanent magnets 340a1, 340a2, 340a3, 340a4, 340a5... Constituting the detected parts 340a, 340b... Can be arranged on a common circumference, and the outer diameter of the revolver 10 is large. Can be prevented. In addition, when the number of identifications of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is increased, a total of 8 can be handled as it is, and even when the number is further increased, the two magnetic sensors constituting the position defining detection unit 331A. Since the fourth permanent magnet may be disposed on the sensor substrate 330 at an interval different from the mutual interval between 331a and 331b, the apparatus does not increase in size significantly.

(Embodiment 5)
As described above, in the first to fourth embodiments, the detection conditions are made different from each other by disposing the position defining detection unit and the discrimination detection unit so that the mutual intervals are different from each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to make the detection conditions different by making the detection target itself detected by the detection unit different as in the fifth embodiment described below.

  FIG. 15 conceptually shows the configuration of the position detection apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The position detection device illustrated here supports a revolver (holding body) 10 holding a plurality of objective lenses (optical elements) a1, a2,... And the revolver 10 in the same manner as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. A microscope equipped with a microscope main body (apparatus main body) 20 is applied. The revolver 10 is disposed so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis RC with respect to the microscope body 20, and a plurality of objective lenses a1, a2,... Can be alternatively inserted into the illumination optical path L. In the revolver 10, seven objective lenses a1, a2,... Are arranged so as to be equidistant from each other on a common circumference around the rotation axis RC. The point is the same as in the first embodiment, and the configuration of the detection unit and the detected unit is mainly different from the first embodiment. Note that the same reference numerals in the fifth embodiment denote the same parts as those in the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 15, in the fifth embodiment, four magnetic sensors (detection sensors) 431a, 431b, 431c, and 431d are provided as the detection unit 431 on a sensor board 430 having a rectangular flat plate shape. These magnetic sensors 431a, 431b, 431c, and 431d are whether or not there are permanent magnets arranged to face each other, and when the permanent magnets are arranged to face each other, the permanent magnets are “N poles”. Or “S pole” can be detected, and they are arranged at equal intervals M on a common arc centered on the rotation axis RC of the revolver 10. Of these four magnetic sensors 431a, 431b, 431c, and 431d, in the fifth embodiment, one magnetic sensor 431a disposed at one end of the sensor substrate 430 constitutes the position defining detector 431A, while the sensor substrate The remaining three magnetic sensors 431b, 431c, and 431d arranged at the other end of 430 constitute a discrimination detection unit 431B. The magnetic sensor 431a constituting the position defining detection unit 431A targets only the N-pole permanent magnet as a detection target, and when detecting the N-pole permanent magnet, outputs the detection signal to the discrimination control unit 500 described later. Is. The three magnetic sensors 431b, 431c, and 431d constituting the determination detection unit 431B are different from the detection target for the position defining detection unit 431A, and only the S-pole permanent magnet is the detection target, and the S-pole permanent magnet is the detection target. When detected, the detection signal is individually output to the discrimination control unit 500. As the magnetic sensors 431a, 431b, 431c, and 431d, for example, Hall ICs can be applied.

  On the other hand, the revolver 10 is provided with a plurality of detected portions 440a, 440b,... On a circumference coinciding with an arc on which the magnetic sensors 431a, 431b, 431c, 431d of the sensor substrate 430 are disposed. Each of the detected portions 440a, 440b,... Is configured by securing an area sufficient to dispose four permanent magnets, and is disposed at positions that are equally spaced from each other by the number corresponding to the objective lenses a1, a2,. is there. That is, in the fifth embodiment, detected portions 440a, 440b,... Are provided at seven positions on the outer periphery of the revolver 10 that are equidistant from each other on the circumference around the rotation axis RC. These detected portions 440a, 440b,... Are associated with the arrangement positions of the objective lenses a1, a2,..., And when arbitrary objective lenses a1, a2,. It is arranged to face the substrate 430.

  Each of the detected portions 440a, 440b,... Has four permanent magnets (detectors) 440a1, 440a2, 440a3, 440a4,. FIG. 17 shows the arrangement of the permanent magnets 440a1, 440a2, 440a3, 440a4... With respect to the above-described detected parts 440a, 440b. As is apparent from the figure, in the fifth embodiment, a total of eight arrangement modes can be set on condition that the magnetic sensor 431a of the position defining detector 431A detects an N-pole permanent magnet. Seven of these arrangement modes are applied as arrangement modes of the permanent magnets 440a1, 440a2, 440a3, 440a4... In the detected portions 440a, 440b..., And the types of the objective lenses a1, a2. In the state, it is stored in a memory (not shown) of the discrimination control unit 500 described later. In each of the detected parts 440a, 440b..., Permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensor 431a of the position defining detection part 431A constitute a position defining detected part, and each of the detected parts 440a, 440b. The permanent magnets arranged corresponding to the magnetic sensors 431b, 431c, 431d of the discrimination detection unit 431B constitute a discrimination detection unit.

  As described above, the position defining detection unit 431A is intended to detect only the N-pole permanent magnet, and each of the detected units 440a, 440b,... Has a position corresponding to the position defining detection unit 431A. While an N-pole permanent magnet is arranged, an S-pole permanent magnet is used for the others. Therefore, when the magnetic sensor 431a constituting the position defining detection unit 431A detects the N-pole permanent magnet, the detected portions 440a, 440b... Are completely attached to the sensor substrate 430 as shown in FIG. It does not occur except in opposition to. Conversely, when the revolver 10 is in the middle of rotation with respect to the microscope body 20, and the detected portions 440a, 440b,... Are not completely opposed to the sensor substrate 430 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the magnetic sensor 431a constituting the position defining detector 431A cannot detect an N-pole permanent magnet. Therefore, if the magnetic sensor 431a constituting the position defining detection unit 431A detects an N-pole permanent magnet, it can be determined that one of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Has been inserted into the illumination optical path L.

  In the position detection apparatus configured as described above, first, while the microscope is being driven, the discrimination control unit 500 includes the magnetic sensor 431a that constitutes the position defining detection unit 431A disposed at one end of the sensor substrate 430. Is constantly operated, and it is monitored whether or not the magnetic sensor 431a has detected an N-pole permanent magnet. When the magnetic sensor 431a disposed at one end of the sensor substrate 430 does not detect the N-pole permanent magnet, the discrimination control unit 500 makes the detected portions 440a, 440b,. In other words, it is determined that none of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is inserted into the illumination optical path L, and the current determination process is terminated without performing the process described later.

  On the other hand, when the magnetic sensor 431a disposed at one end of the sensor substrate 430 detects an N-pole permanent magnet, the discrimination control unit 500 includes three magnetic sensors 431b and 431c disposed at the other end of the sensor substrate 430. , 431d are operated to compare the detection signals from the respective magnetic sensors 431b, 431c, 431d with the arrangement of the permanent magnets stored in the memory in advance, so that the objective lens a1 inserted into the illumination optical path L is compared. , A2... Can be discriminated and the discrimination result can be output to the outside.

  According to the position detection device configured as described above, the detection unit 431 includes the position defining detection unit 431A and the determination detection unit 431B whose detection targets are different between the N pole and the S pole. Even when these are arranged on a common arc, there is no possibility of erroneously detecting the detected portions 440a, 440b. As a result, the plurality of permanent magnets 440a1, 440a2, 440a3, 440a4... Constituting the detected parts 440a, 440b... Can be arranged on a common circumference, and the outer diameter of the revolver 10 is increased. The situation can be prevented. In addition, when the number of identifications of the objective lenses a1, a2,... Is increased, up to a total of eight can be handled as it is, and even when the number is further increased, if the number of magnetic sensors serving as the determination detection unit 431B is increased by one. Since it is good, it does not cause a situation that the apparatus is greatly increased in size.

  In any of the first to fifth embodiments described above, a microscope including a revolver 10 that holds a plurality of objective lenses a1, a2,... And a microscope main body 20 that supports the revolver 10 is applied. Although an example of discriminating the objective lens inserted in the illumination optical path L is illustrated, it is not necessarily limited to discriminating the objective lens held by the revolver. For example, the optical element on the turret may be discriminated. Further, even when the present invention is applied to a revolver of a microscope, the number of objective lenses need not be seven, and can be applied to a revolver that holds other numbers. The illumination optical system need not be an epi-illumination optical system.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments to the fifth embodiment, the holding unit and the apparatus main body are illustrated as rotating relative to each other around a predetermined axis. It is also possible to apply to the one that slides. In this case, the movement trajectory is a straight line.

  Furthermore, in all of the above-described embodiment to embodiment 5, a magnetic sensor is applied as the detection unit and a permanent magnet is applied as the detected element. However, the detection unit is not necessarily limited to the one using magnetism. Absent. For example, an optical sensor and its detection means may be used. In the above-described embodiment when magnetism is used, the detection of whether or not a magnet is present and whether the magnet is an N pole or an S pole is exemplified. You may comprise so that it may detect.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Revolver 20 Microscope main body 31 Detection part 31A Position definition detection part 31B Discrimination detection part 31a, 31b, 31c Magnetic sensor 40a, 40b Detected part 40a1, 40a2, 40a3 Permanent magnet 131 Detection part 131A Position regulation detection part 131B Discrimination Detection units 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d, 131e Magnetic sensors 140a, 140b Detected units 140a1, 140a2, 140a3, 140a4, 140a5 Permanent magnet 231 Detection unit 231A Position defining detection unit 231B Discrimination detection units 231a, 231b, 231c Magnetic sensor 240a, 240b Detected part 240a1, 240a2, 240a3 Permanent magnet 331 Detection part 331A Position defining detection part 331B Discrimination detection part 331a, 331b, 331c, 331d, 331e Magnetic sensor 340a, 340b Detected parts 340a1, 340a2, 340a3, 340a4, 340a5 Permanent magnet 431 Detecting part 431A Position defining detecting part 431B Discriminating detecting parts 431a, 431b, 431c, 431d Magnetic sensors 440a, 440b Detected parts 440a1, 440a2 , 440a3, 440a4 Permanent magnet RC Rotational axis a1, a2 Objective lens

Claims (7)

A detector disposed on either the relatively moving holder or the apparatus main body;
A plurality of detected parts disposed on a movement locus of the detection unit when the holding body and the apparatus main body move relative to each other. A position detection device that determines the relative position of the holding body with respect to the device main body based on the detection result of the detected portion detected by the unit,
The detection unit is configured by arranging a position defining detection unit and a discrimination detection unit having different detection conditions at positions where the relative movement trajectory with respect to the detected unit is common,
Each of the plurality of detection units includes a position definition detection unit to be detected by the position definition detection unit, and a discrimination detection unit to be detected by the discrimination detection unit, and the position A position detection device comprising: a detection target part for determination that is detected by the detection part for detection when the detection part for position detection detects the detection part for position definition. A detection unit disposed on either the holding body or the apparatus main body that rotates relative to a predetermined rotation axis;
A plurality of the holders and the apparatus main body disposed at positions that can be detected by the detection unit when the holder and the apparatus main body rotate relative to each other about the rotation axis. A position detection device that determines a relative rotational position of the holding body with respect to the device main body based on a detection result of the detection portion detected by the detection portion,
The detection unit is configured by arranging a position defining detection unit and a discrimination detection unit having different detection conditions at positions where the relative movement locus with respect to the detected unit is a common arc. ,
Each of the plurality of detection units includes a position definition detection unit to be detected by the position definition detection unit, and a discrimination detection unit to be detected by the discrimination detection unit, and the position A position detection device comprising: a detection target part for determination that is detected by the detection part for detection when the detection part for position detection detects the detection part for position definition. A switching mechanism that switches the optical elements arranged at the reference position of the apparatus main body by rotating the holding body holding a plurality of optical elements relative to the apparatus main body about a predetermined rotation axis. age,
A detector disposed on either the holding body or the apparatus main body;
A plurality of the holders and the apparatus main body disposed at positions that can be detected by the detection unit when the holder and the apparatus main body rotate relative to each other about the rotation axis. A position detecting device that determines an optical element arranged at a reference position of the apparatus main body based on a detection result of the detected portion detected by the detecting portion,
The detection unit is configured by arranging a position defining detection unit and a discrimination detection unit having different detection conditions at positions where the relative movement locus with respect to the detected unit is a common arc. ,
Each of the plurality of detection units includes a position definition detection unit to be detected by the position definition detection unit, and a discrimination detection unit to be detected by the discrimination detection unit, and the position A position detection device comprising: a detection target part for determination that is detected by the detection part for detection when the detection part for position detection detects the detection part for position definition. Each of the position defining detection unit and the discrimination detecting unit includes a plurality of detection sensors, and the mutual interval of the detection sensors constituting the position regulating detection unit and the mutual interval of the detection sensors constituting the discrimination detecting unit Are arranged so that they are different from each other, and the detection conditions are different from each other.
The detected part for position definition has a detection element in a part corresponding to each detection sensor of the detection part for position definition, while the detected part for determination corresponds to a detection sensor of the detection unit for determination In a part to be detected, a plurality of detection units are arranged with detection objects in a manner unique to each other,
The detection unit for discrimination drives all the detection sensors when any of the detection sensors of the detection unit for position regulation detects a detected element. The position detection apparatus described in one.   The detection unit is arranged with two detection sensors constituting the position defining detection unit at both ends, a plurality of detection sensors constituting the determination detection unit between these detection sensors, and the positions 5. The position detection apparatus according to claim 4, wherein all of the detection sensors of the regulation detection unit and the detection sensors of the discrimination detection unit are arranged at equal intervals on a common movement trajectory.   The position detection device according to claim 4, wherein the detection sensor outputs at least three values as a detection result of each detected element. The detection sensor outputs at least three values as detection results of individual detection elements, and makes the detection conditions different from each other by detecting different values between the position defining detection unit and the discrimination detection unit. And
The detection unit for determination drives all the detection sensors when the detection sensor of the detection unit for position regulation detects a corresponding value. The position detection device described.

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