JP2011137288A - Building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building capable of sufficiently reducing vibrations of a girder, particularly, a heavy-floor impact sound. <P>SOLUTION: A dynamic damper 32 is installed in a portion to become a loop of the vibration of the floor girder 20 on a second story. A natural frequency of the dynamic damper 32 is set to be in the range of 50-60 Hz. This can effectively restrain the floor girder 20 from generating the vibration (heavy-floor impact sound) of a frequency of 50-60 Hz. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a building, and more particularly to a building capable of reducing vibration transmission from an upper floor to a lower floor.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a damping structure (see, for example, Patent Document 1) that suppresses vibration of a panel member by installing a damper on a beam member that supports the panel member such as a floor or a ceiling, that is, a so-called joist or other small beam is known.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-126940.

  In the vibration damping structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, since a damper is installed on the floor beam, a certain effect can be obtained in reducing the impact sound generated on the floor beam. Since it is not intended to reduce generated impact sound, for example, heavy floor impact sound (see JIS A 1418), a sufficient effect may not be obtained for impact sound generated in the vicinity of a large beam.

  In addition, in a unit structure building composed of a plurality of building units, there is a case in which a large beam passes through the center of the room, so a measure for reducing the sound propagating through the large beam is necessary.

  In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a building that can sufficiently reduce vibration of a large beam, particularly heavy floor impact sound.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a building including a column and a large beam connected to the column, and a damper for suppressing vibration is installed in a portion which becomes an antinode of vibration of the large beam.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 1 will be described.
In the building according to claim 1, since the damper that suppresses the vibration of the large beam is installed in the portion which becomes the antinode of the vibration of the large beam, the vibration of the large beam can be effectively reduced by the damper, Thus, it is possible to suppress vibration propagating to the pillar, a wall connected to the pillar, and the like, and vibration of a member arranged to face the large beam through the air.

  It is most preferable to install the damper at the part where the vibration amplitude of the girder becomes maximum. May be.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the building according to the first aspect, the girder is configured on the second floor or higher, and the girder on which the damper is installed is a floor girder on the second floor or higher.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 2 will be described.
The building according to claim 2 is configured on two or more floors, and a damper is installed on a floor beam on the second or more floor. Therefore, the vibration of the upper floor beam is suppressed by the damper, and the vibration of the upper floor beam is prevented from propagating to the lower floor pillars, walls, ceiling, etc. The sound is suppressed.

  The invention according to claim 3 is configured to include a building unit in which the damper is installed in the girder side beam in the building according to claim 1 or claim 2.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 3 will be described.
The girder-side girder is longer and easier to vibrate than the gable-side girder, so installing a damper on the girder-side girder has a greater vibration suppression effect than installing a damper on the gable-side girder. It is done.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the building according to the third aspect, the damper is installed in each of the one large beam and the other large beam on the beam side facing each other.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 4 will be described.
By installing a damper on each of the one girder facing each other and the other girder, vibration of each girder can be suppressed, and a greater vibration suppression effect than installing a damper on only one of the girder Is obtained.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the building according to the third or fourth aspect, the damper is installed in a gap between the large beam of one of the building units adjacent to the large beam of the other building unit. ing.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 5 will be described.
By installing the damper in the gap between the large beam of one building unit and the large beam of the other building unit, the dead space between the large beams can be used effectively, and the damper can be installed without interfering with other members.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the building according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the damper is installed on the inner surface of the large beam.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 6 will be described.
Since the damper is installed on the inner side surface of the large beam, it is possible to avoid interference between the damper and other members such as outer wall materials arranged on the outer side surface of the large beam. When the girder is, for example, a grooved steel with a C-shaped cross section, the inside of the girder is mostly dead space, so a damper is installed on the inner side of the girder, for example, the inner side of the web between the upper and lower flanges. Then, the dead space is effectively used.
If dampers are installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the girder, problems such as lower ceiling height and the inability to secure a horizontal structure occur. However, these problems do not occur when dampers are installed on the inner surface of the girder. . Moreover, it is suppressed that a damper protrudes from the outer surface of a large beam, and interference with the other member arrange | positioned on the outer side of a large beam is suppressed.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the building according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the damper is installed on both side surfaces of the girder.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 7 will be described.
By installing the damper on both sides of the large beam, for example, on both sides of the web, a large vibration suppressing effect can be obtained as compared with the case where the damper is installed only on one side of the large beam.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the damper includes a first member used for connection to the girder, and the first member. A dynamic damper comprising: an elastic body connected to the second member; a second member connected to a position different from the first member of the elastic body; and a weight connected to the second member. is there.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 8 will be described.
The damper according to claim 8 is installed in the large beam by connecting the first member to the large beam. The damper according to claim 8 is a dynamic damper, and when the large beam vibrates, the weight vibrates in a direction to cancel the vibration of the large beam, and as a result, the vibration of the large beam is reduced.
The mass of the weight and the spring constant of the elastic body are set according to the frequency of vibration to be reduced. In addition, the dynamic damper has a small number of constituent members, and a large vibration suppressing effect can be obtained with a simple structure.

  As described above, since the building according to claim 1 has the above-described configuration, the vibration propagating to the pillars, the walls connected to the pillars, the members arranged facing the pillars, etc. via the large beams. It can be effectively suppressed.

  The building according to claim 2 can effectively suppress the vibration sound that propagates through the upper beam of the lower floor.

  The building according to claim 3 can obtain a large vibration suppressing effect.

  Since the building according to claim 4 has dampers installed on each of the one beam and the other beam facing each other on the girder side, it has a greater vibration suppression effect than installing a damper only on one of the beams. can get.

  The building according to claim 5 can use a dead space effectively and install a damper without interfering with other members.

  In the building according to claim 6, the damper can avoid interference with other members arranged on the outer surface of the girder.

  The building according to claim 7 has a large vibration suppressing effect as compared with the case where the damper is installed only on one side surface of the girder.

  In the building according to claim 8, the damper is a dynamic damper, and a large vibration suppressing effect can be obtained with a simple structure.

It is a perspective view of a unit building constituted by connecting a plurality of building units. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the boundary part of the 1st floor and the 2nd floor. It is a top view which shows the floor part of the room of the 2nd floor. (A), (B) is sectional drawing of a floor girder. It is sectional drawing of a floor girder. It is a side view of the dynamic damper concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a front view of the dynamic damper concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the floor part which concerns on other embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the floor beam to which the dynamic damper was attached. It is a top view of the floor beam to which the dynamic damper was attached.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the building of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 1, a two-story unit building 10 including a plurality of building units 12 is shown.

  For convenience of explanation, names are given to the members of the building unit 12. The building unit 12 includes four pillars 14, two sets of long and short ceiling beams 16 and 18 arranged in parallel to each other, and two sets of long and short sets arranged parallel to the ceiling beams 16 and 18 in the vertical direction. The floor girder 20 and 22 are provided, and the end portion of the beam is welded to a ceiling and a floor joint to form a ramen structure. However, the unit configuration is not limited to the above, and another box-shaped frame structure may be used.

  In the present embodiment, channel steel (grooved steel) having a U-shaped cross section is used for the ceiling beams 16 and 18 and the floor beams 20 and 22.

  The building unit 12 includes a ceiling frame 24 and a floor frame 26 assembled in a rectangular frame shape, and is configured such that four pillars 14 are erected between them. The ceiling frame 24 includes ceiling joint portions (columns) 28 at four corners, and the end portions of the ceiling beams 16 and 18 having different lengths are welded to the ceiling joint portion 28.

  Similarly, the floor frame 26 includes floor joints (columns) 30 at four corners, and the ends of the longitudinal beams 20 and 22 having different lengths are welded to the floor joint 30.

FIG. 2 shows the boundary between the first floor and the second floor, and FIG. 3 shows the floor portion of the room on the second floor in a plan view. This room has two floors in the center. A large beam 20 is arranged.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a floor material 27 is attached to the upper surface side of the floor frame 26, and is fixed so as to connect one floor girder 20 on the girder side and the other floor girder 20. A plurality of floor beams 29 are attached at intervals of.

On the other hand, a ceiling material 31 is attached to the lower surface side of the ceiling frame 24, and a plurality of ceiling beams 33 are formed at regular intervals so as to connect one ceiling beam 16 on the beam side and the other ceiling beam 16. It is attached.
Then, the upper and lower ends of the column 14 are rigidly joined by welding between the ceiling joint portion 28 and the floor joint portion 30 that are arranged to face each other in the vertical direction, and are temporarily fixed by bolts. Composed.

(Dynamic damper)
Next, the main part of the vibration reduction structure of this embodiment will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 (A), in the building unit 12 of the present embodiment, a plurality of dynamic dampers 32 are provided on the inner surface of the web between the upper and lower flanges of the floor beam 20 on the second floor girder. It is attached via an L-shaped bracket 34. The bracket 34 is attached to the floor girder 20 with bolts 35 or the like.

The dynamic damper 32 includes a first plate 36, an elastic body 38, a second plate 40, and a weight 42 made of a material having a high specific gravity such as cast iron or steel plate.
The elastic body 38 is fixed between the first plate 36 and the second plate 40, and the first plate 36 is attached to the bracket 34 with screws or the like (not shown). Further, a weight 42 is fixed to the upper surface of the second plate 40 with screws or the like (not shown).
The elastic body 38 of the present embodiment is a columnar rubber. However, the material and shape are not particularly limited as long as it has springiness, and may be a metal spring (coil spring, leaf spring) or the like.

The type of rubber constituting the elastic body 38 is not particularly limited. For example, butyl rubber can be employed, and other rubbers can be appropriately selected according to the vibration damping properties.
In the dynamic damper 32 of the present embodiment, the weight of the weight 42 is set to 10 kg, and the elastic body 38 has a natural frequency of, for example, 50 to 60 Hz according to the frequency of the heavy floor impact sound. Spring constant etc. are set.

  The mounting position of the dynamic damper 32 in the longitudinal direction of the second floor girder 20 is installed at a position where vibration is caused (a position where the amplitude is large). As shown in FIG. One in the longitudinal center part (1/2 part) and one each in the center part (1/4 part, 3/4 part) of both ends in the longitudinal direction and the longitudinal direction central part are installed in total. .

(Function)
Next, the effect | action of the unit building 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated.
In this embodiment, when an impact due to a heavy object is input to the floor material 27 on the second floor (arrow F), the floor girder 20 vibrates due to the impact, but the natural frequency of the floor girder 20 is set to 50 to 60 Hz. Since the made dynamic damper 32 is installed at the antinode portion of the vibration, the vibration of the floor beam 20 with a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz is effectively suppressed.

  For this reason, vibration (vibration propagation sound) propagated from the second floor floor girder 20 to the first floor ceiling girder 16, the pillar 14, and the first floor ceiling material 31, and the second floor floor material 27 and the first floor Both vibrations (drum sounds) transmitted to the ceiling material 31 on the first floor through the air between the ceiling material 31 can be effectively suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, since the natural frequency of the dynamic damper 32 is set to 50 to 60 Hz, for example, a heavy floor impact sound in the vicinity of a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz such as “Dosun” can be effectively reduced.

  Since the floor girder 20 arranged in the center of the room as shown in FIG. 3 is easier to vibrate than the floor girder 20 on the outer wall side, the floor girder 20 arranged in the center of the room as in this embodiment. Providing the dynamic damper 32 is effective in suppressing vibration propagation to the first floor.

  In this embodiment, the natural frequency of the dynamic damper 32 is set to 50 to 60 Hz. However, the natural frequency of 50 to 60 Hz is an example, and the natural frequency of the dynamic damper 32 is not limited to this value. It goes without saying that the natural frequency can be changed by the weight of the weight 42, the spring constant of the elastic body 38, tan δ, and the like.

  In the present embodiment, the dynamic damper 32 is installed only on the inner surface of the web of the second-floor floor beam 20, but as shown in FIG. You may install in both. When the two floor beams 20 between the building units (see FIG. 3) are arranged in parallel with a gap between them, a dead space is formed between the two floor beams 20 without interfering with other members. A dynamic damper 32 can be installed on the outer surface of the floor girder 20.

  In the present embodiment, the dynamic damper 32 is attached to the floor girder 20 via the bracket 34. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the dynamic damper 32 may be attached to the inner lower part of the floor girder 20 with screws or the like not shown. good.

  In the present embodiment, the dynamic damper 32 is attached to the girder-side floor girder 20. However, the dynamic damper 32 may be attached to the wive-side floor girder 20 in order to suppress vibration of the wife-side floor girder 20. .

  The dynamic damper 32 appropriately sets the value of tan δ, which is a characteristic of the elastic body 38, that is, the value of the vector phase difference (angle) between the dynamic spring constant and the loss spring constant of the elastic body 38, It becomes possible to exert a damping action in a wide frequency band. As a result, for example, not only the heavy impact sound defined in JIS A 1418-2 but also light impact sound defined in JIS A 1418-1, sound generated by walking of a pedestrian, and the like are effectively suppressed. Will be able to.

  Since the floor girder 20 arranged in the center of the room as shown in FIG. 3 is easier to vibrate than the floor girder 20 on the outer wall side, the floor girder 20 arranged in the center of the room as in this embodiment. Providing the dynamic damper 32 is effective in suppressing vibration propagation to the first floor.

  In the present embodiment, the dynamic damper 32 is provided in each of the two floor beams 20 arranged in the center of the room on the second floor. In the case where they are connected to each other and function as one beam, the effect of the present invention can be obtained even if the dynamic damper 32 is installed only on one of the floor beams 20.

  Further, in the present embodiment, one dynamic damper 32 is provided in the longitudinal central portion (1/2 portion) of the floor girder 20 and the central portion (1/4 portion, 3/3) of both longitudinal end portions and the longitudinal central portion. 4 parts), one each, a total of three, but if it is installed at the position of the antinode of the vibration of the frequency to be reduced, the vibration suppression effect can be obtained, so the dynamic damper 32 may be installed in a part other than the above Of course.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a dynamic damper 32 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same structure as 1st Embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the dynamic damper 32 of the present embodiment is provided with two protrusions 44 as vibration suppressing means on the lower surface of the first plate 36.
The protrusions 44 are provided on both ends of the first plate 36 in the longitudinal direction of the beam, and are formed in a range corresponding to a portion where the elastic body 38 is fixed to the first plate 36.

  The shape and size of the protrusion 44 can be set as appropriate within a range where the effects of the present invention can be achieved. That is, the shape and size of the protrusion 44 are set such that the protrusion 44 is pressed against the bracket 34 in a state where the first plate 36 is fixed to the bracket 34 with the bolt 46 and the nut 48.

  In the present embodiment, the first plate 36 is fixed to the bracket 34 with bolts 46 and nuts 48, so that the first plate 36 is opposite to the bolt side of the first plate 36 and has the elastic body 38 fixed thereto. Since the protrusion 44 provided in the range corresponding to the fixing portion of the elastic body 38 is pressed against the bracket 34, the portion of the first plate 36 opposite to the bolt side is securely grounded to the bracket 34. The first plate 36 is suppressed from vibrating in a direction in which the portion opposite to the bolt side approaches and separates from the bracket 34.

  For this reason, in the present embodiment, in the fixed state, the bracket-side first plate 36 can be prevented from functioning independently as a metal elastic body independently of the bracket 34, and the viscoelastic characteristics of the elastic body 38 can be reduced. Can be sufficiently exerted to obtain the inherent damping performance of the elastic body. Thereby, a desired attenuation characteristic can be exhibited in a wide frequency band.

[Other Embodiments]
In the above embodiment, an example in which the dynamic damper 32 for absorbing heavy floor impact sound is attached to the second floor floor girder 20 is shown. However, as shown in FIG. 9, a bracket 52 is attached to the lower surface of the floor beam 29 as shown in FIG. 9, a dynamic damper 32 for absorbing heavy floor impact sound is provided on one side of the bracket 52, and a lightweight floor impact is provided on the other side. A dynamic damper 50 for absorbing sound may be attached. Thereby, the heavy floor impact sound near the floor beam 29 and the light floor impact sound (for example, a frequency of 100 to 200 Hz) can be absorbed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, in the floor beam 29, a dynamic damper 32 for absorbing a heavy floor impact sound is disposed on both sides of the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the beam, and a dynamic damper 50 for absorbing a lightweight floor impact sound is provided. You may install in 32 beam longitudinal direction both sides.

The unit building 10 of the above embodiment is a unit building composed of a plurality of building units 12, but the present invention is not only a unit structure building but also a building having another structure such as a steel frame structure or a wooden frame structure. For example, it is also effective in suppressing vibration of propagation in the wall of the frame structure.
Further, the building to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a general house, and may be a commercial facility.
In addition, although the example which installed the damper in the floor girder was shown in the said embodiment, you may install a damper not only in a floor girder but in a ceiling girder.
The damper of the above embodiment is a dynamic damper configured to include an elastic body and a weight (mass body). However, a known damper other than the dynamic damper can be used as long as vibration can be suppressed. The damper may be an active damper that is electrically controlled.

10 unit building (building)
12 Building unit 14 Pillar 20 Floor girder
32 Dynamic damper (damper)
36 First plate (first member)
38 Elastic body 40 Second plate (second member)
42 Weight 50 Dynamic damper (damper)

Claims (8)

A building comprising a pillar and a girder connected to the pillar,
The building where the damper which suppresses a vibration is installed in the part used as the antinode of the vibration of the said big beam. It is constructed on the second floor and above,
The building according to claim 1, wherein the girder where the damper is installed is a floor girder of two or more floors.   The building according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a building unit in which the damper is installed on the girder side beam.   The building according to claim 3, wherein the damper is installed in each of the one large beam and the other large beam facing each other on the girder side.   The building according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the damper is installed in a gap between the large beam of one of the building units adjacent to each other and the large beam of the other building unit.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the damper is installed on an inner surface of the girder.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the damper is installed on both side surfaces of the girder.   The damper includes a first member used for connection to the girder, an elastic body connected to the first member, and a second member connected to a position different from the first member of the elastic body. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the building is a dynamic damper including a member and a weight connected to the second member.

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