JP2011131622A - Composite type propulsion apparatus and ship - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite type propulsion apparatus which improves open propeller efficiency by deviatedly arranging a propulsion device on the hull side and a tractor-type POD type propulsion device in opposite directions, and which improves propulsion performance or the like owing to wake gain from the hull, and a ship including the composite type propulsion apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: The composite type propulsion apparatus 1 includes: the uniaxial front propulsion device 1 installed on the hull 102 side; and the uniaxial tractor-type POD type propulsion device 2 installed on the rear side than the front propulsion device. The front propulsion device 1 and the POD type propulsion device 2 are arranged deviatedly from a hull centerline 101 in the ship width direction. When the front propulsion device turns clockwise as viewed from the stern side, it is arranged deviatedly towards the starboard side, and the POD type propulsion device is set to turn counterclockwise and is arranged deviatedly towards the port side. When the front propulsion device turns counterclockwise as viewed from the stern side, it is arranged deviatedly towards the port side, and the POD type propulsion device is set to turn clockwise and is arranged deviatedly towards the starboard side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite propulsion device including a POD type propulsion device and a ship equipped with the composite propulsion device.

Conventionally, it has been known that by changing the stern type of a stern stern to biaxial or multi-axial, the propeller load per axis is reduced, thereby improving the propeller efficiency. As an example of such a propulsion device, a pod type propulsion device is used in addition to a normal propeller propulsion device, or a plurality of pod type propulsion devices are used. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a ship including a pod-type propulsion device behind a main propeller. However, this pod type propulsion device is provided to assist the propulsion force of the main propeller by not driving the pod propeller during normal water, but driving only during bad sea conditions such as stormy weather.
Further, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a ship with a single-axis pod type propulsion device in which the pod is shifted from the hull center line on the opposite side of the propeller rotation direction. The pod-type propulsion device includes a propeller (pod propeller), a streamlined pod that rotatably supports the propeller, and a strut that is attached by hanging the pod below the stern.

JP 2007-313938 A JP 2002-193190 A

However, there were the following problems by making it biaxial.
(1) In the case of a ship having two propeller shafts in the hull, the propellers are arranged side by side on the stern. In this case, the propeller is disposed outside the hull center line, and the wake gain from the hull side is reduced.
(2) In the case of an overlapping propeller that has two-axis propellers in the hull and shifts the propellers in the front-rear direction so that the propellers overlap each other, the propeller shafts on the hull side become smaller, so the propellers are turned. Since the main engines (engines) cannot be arranged in parallel, it is necessary to arrange them shifted in the front-rear direction, or to increase the stern shape to arrange them, so the volume of the hull cannot be used effectively, Changes have had a negative impact on propulsion performance.
(3) When a propeller is uniaxially arranged on the hull side and a pod-type tractor-type propulsion device is placed on the hull centerline behind it, the guidance speed of the propeller on the rear side accelerates the speed of the propeller surface on the front, The wake behind the front propeller accelerates the flow velocity at the rear propeller surface, and as a result, the wake gain of the front and rear propellers deteriorates.

  By making the propeller shaft biaxial as described above, the single propeller efficiency per shaft can be improved. However, when installed in parallel with the stern, the slow flow of the hull wake can be effectively recovered. It was not possible to lose the wake gain. Further, by moving the parallel propellers back and forth and superimposing them, it is easier to collect the wake gain on the hull side than the above-mentioned two-axis parallel type, but it becomes difficult to arrange the main engine (engine) on the hull side. On the other hand, when one axis is arranged on the hull side on the hull center line and a pod-type propulsion unit is arranged behind the hull center line, the respective guiding speeds accelerate the flow speeds of the respective propeller surfaces and the wake gain is deteriorated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems as described above, and the propulsion device on the hull side and the tractor-type POD-type propulsion device are arranged so as to be biased in opposite directions, so that each propeller has a single efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite propulsion device that can improve the propulsion performance by wake gain from the hull and a ship equipped with the composite propulsion device.

A composite propulsion device according to the present invention includes a uniaxial front propulsion device provided on the hull side, and a uniaxial tractor-type POD propulsion device provided behind the front propulsion device. Because
The front propulsion device and the POD type propulsion device are arranged so as to be deviated in the ship width direction from the hull center line, respectively.
When the front propulsion unit is clockwise when viewed from the stern side, it is arranged to be biased to starboard side, and the POD type propulsion unit is arranged to be counterclockwise and biased to port side,
When the front propulsion device is counterclockwise when viewed from the stern side, the propulsion device is arranged to be deviated to the port side, and the POD type propulsion device is arranged to be clockwise and deviated to the starboard side.

  By making the front propeller and the POD type propeller biaxial in this way, the individual efficiency of each propeller is improved, and by deviating from the hull center line in the ship width direction, The propulsion performance can be improved by the wake gain from the hull than when the two-axis propulsion device is provided. Further, the deterioration of the wake gain due to the induction speed from each propeller can be reduced. Further, the stern vertical vortex generated by the hull can be collected, and the propulsion efficiency can be improved.

Further, the axial center distance L in the ship width direction between the front propulsion device and the POD type propulsion device is expressed by the following formula, where the propeller diameter of the front side propulsion device is Dp1 and the propeller diameter of the POD type propulsion device is Dp2. It is to satisfy.
0 <L <(Dp1 + Dp2) / 2

  As a result, the shift interval L from the hull center line of each propulsion device can be prevented from becoming excessively large, and the propulsion performance by the wake gain and the propulsion efficiency by the recovery of the stern vertical vortex can be maintained. To do.

A composite propulsion device according to the present invention includes a two-axis front propulsion device provided on the hull side and a two-axis tractor-type POD propulsion device provided behind the front propulsion device. A propulsion device,
The POD-type propulsion device is biased and arranged in the vicinity of the front-side propulsion device so that the front-side propulsion device and the POD-type propulsion device form one set, and the rotation direction of each front-side propulsion device And the rotation direction of the POD-type propulsion device is set to be opposite to the reference rotation direction with reference to the rotation direction of the propulsion performance of the front propulsion device in the two-axis ship state as a reference. Features.

  The present invention can also be made into four axes by using a two-axis hull form. In this case, with the rotation direction of the propulsion performance of the front propulsion unit as the reference, the rotation direction of the POD type propulsion device is set to the opposite direction to the reference rotation direction, thereby achieving an effect equivalent to or better than the biaxial configuration. Can be obtained.

Further, the axial center distance L in the ship width direction between the front propulsion device and the POD type propulsion device is set as follows, assuming that the propeller diameter of the front side propulsion device is Dp1 and the propeller diameter of the POD type propulsion device is Dp2. The expression is to be satisfied.
0 <L <(Dp1 + Dp2) / 2

  Even in the case of four axes, it is desirable to limit the axial center distance L in the ship width direction between the front propulsion device and the POD type propulsion device as in the case of two shafts.

  It is also possible to arrange the front propulsion device so as not to be biased. In this case, the front propulsion unit is arranged on the hull center line, the POD type propulsion unit is deviated from the hull center line in the ship width direction, and the POD type propulsion unit rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the front propulsion unit. It is intended to rotate.

  Moreover, the ship which concerns on this invention was equipped with one of said composite type | mold propulsion apparatuses.

  As described above, by installing the composite propulsion device according to the present invention on a ship, it is possible to improve the single efficiency of each propeller and to improve the propulsion performance due to the wake gain from the hull.

1 is a schematic diagram of a ship equipped with a composite propulsion device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rotation direction and arrangement | positioning relationship of the composite type propulsion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for showing the axial center space | interval L of the composite propulsion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of a stern vertical vortex. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rotation direction and arrangement | positioning relationship of the composite type propulsion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rotation direction and arrangement | positioning relationship of the composite type propulsion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rotation direction and arrangement | positioning relationship of the composite type propulsion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ship 100 equipped with a composite propulsion device 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the side, and FIG. 2 shows the rotational direction and arrangement relationship of the composite propulsion device 10. It is the typical rear view seen from the stern side for showing.
This composite propulsion device 10 includes a uniaxial front propulsion unit 1 having a main engine (not shown) on the side of a normal hull 102 in a ship 100 and a uniaxial tractor type POD equipped on the rear side of the front propulsion unit 1. The type propulsion device 2 is provided. That is, this ship 100 is equipped with one tractor-type POD type propulsion device 2 in a normal hull shape having a uniaxial stern (a ship shape having the front side propulsion device 1). Here, even if the POD type propulsion device 2 has a rotation driving means (for example, a motor) of the pod propeller 21 built in the pod 22, the driving force is transmitted through the strut 23 and the pod 22 from an external power source by a gear. It can be either communicated or both.

As shown in FIG. 2, the front propulsion device 1 and the POD type propulsion device 2 are arranged so as to be deviated from the hull center line 101 in the ship width direction. If the forward thruster 1 is clockwise (clockwise) when viewed from the stern side, the biasing direction is biased to the starboard side, and the POD type thruster 2 is counterclockwise (counterclockwise). (See FIG. 2A).
If the front propulsion unit 1 is counterclockwise (counterclockwise) when viewed from the stern side, it is arranged to be deviated to the port side, and the POD type propulsion device 2 is arranged to be deviated clockwise (to the right) and to the starboard side. (See FIG. 2 (b)).
The front side propulsion device 1 and the POD type propulsion device 2 are disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to the hull center line 101.

As shown in FIG. 3, the axial distance L between the front propulsion device 1 and the POD type propulsion device 2 is Dp1 as the propeller diameter of the front propulsion device 1 and Dp2 as the propeller diameter of the POD type propulsion device 2. Then
0 <L <(Dp1 + Dp2) / 2 (1)
And The propeller shaft center heights of the front propulsion device 1 and the POD type propulsion device 2 are substantially the same height.
When L is 0, the front propulsion device 1 and the POD type propulsion device 2 are arranged so as to be completely overlapped in the front and rear, and the velocity of the propeller surface is accelerated by the induced speed from each propeller, and the wake gain is deteriorated. In this case, the two propulsion devices 1 and 2 are arranged so as to be shifted from the hull center line 101 while avoiding a completely overlapping arrangement.
Further, if L becomes larger than (Dp1 + Dp2) / 2 or more, it becomes impossible to place the propulsion device in the wake generated by the hull, and improvement in propulsion efficiency due to the wake gain cannot be expected.
Therefore, the value of L is preferably in a range that satisfies the above formula (1).

Here, the wake gain will be described. When the flow velocity flowing into the propeller surface is Va and the forward speed of the ship is Vs, the wake coefficient 1-Ws is
1-Ws = Va / Vs
The propeller efficiency including the wake gain is expressed as η0 when the efficiency of the propeller alone is
η0 / (1-Ws)
It is expressed.
Therefore, it can be said that the efficiency is higher when the flow velocity flowing into the propeller is lower.

Since the composite propulsion device 10 of this embodiment and the ship 100 equipped with the propulsion device 10 are configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the front-side propulsion device 1 on the hull side and the tractor-type POD-type propulsion device 2 are provided so as to be biaxial, the individual efficiency of each propeller is improved.
(2) By arranging the two propulsion units 1 and 2 in the vicinity of the hull center line, the propulsion performance due to the wake gain from the hull is improved.
(3) Since the two propulsion units 1 and 2 are not arranged completely side by side, the acceleration of the flow velocity on the propeller surface due to the induction speed from each propeller is unlikely to occur, thereby reducing the deterioration of the wake gain. be able to.
(4) By disposing the propulsion devices 1 and 2 on both the left and right sides, the stern vertical vortex 110 (see FIG. 4) in which the hull is generated can be collected, and the propulsion efficiency is improved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a rotational direction and an arrangement relationship of the composite propulsion device 10A according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the stern. In other words, this embodiment shows a case where the present invention is used with four axes, and has a two-axis front propulsion device 1a, 1b on the hull side, and a tractor type POD type propulsion device 2a on the rear side. Two 2b are arranged. That is, a two-axis stern hull form (a ship type having two-axis front propulsion units 1a and 1b) is equipped with two-axis POD type propulsion units 2a and 2b. The POD-type propulsion devices 2a and 2b are biased and arranged near the front-side propulsion devices 1a and 1b so that the front-side propulsion devices 1a and 1b and the POD-type propulsion devices 2a and 2b form a pair. To do.

The rotation direction and arrangement of each propeller are as follows.
(1) When the propulsion efficiency of the inner rotation is higher than the outer rotation only in the state of the biaxial ship including the front propulsion devices 1a and 1b, the front propulsion devices 1a and 1b are set to the inner rotation, and the POD type propulsion devices 2a and 2b are (See FIGS. 5A and 5B).
(2) When the propulsion efficiency of the outer rotation is higher than the inner rotation only in the state of the biaxial ship including the front propulsion devices 1a and 1b, the front propulsion devices 1a and 1b are set to the outer rotation, and the POD type propulsion devices 2a and 2b are (See FIGS. 5C and 5D).

As described above, the rotation directions of the front propulsion devices 1a and 1b are opposite to each other, but the rotation direction of the POD type propulsion devices 2a and 2b is set to the front propulsion device 1a, The direction is opposite to the reference rotation direction of 1b. Whether or not the propulsion efficiency is high may be confirmed by a water tank test of a biaxial ship including the front propulsion devices 1a and 1b.
Further, the POD type propulsion devices 2a and 2b are arranged on the outer side as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5D with respect to the front side propulsion devices 1a and 1b, or on the inner side as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C. It may be determined depending on the stern shape and size of the biaxial ship.

  Further, the axial distance L between the propulsors 1a and 2a, and 1b and 2b, which form a pair, is set so as to satisfy the expression (1).

According to the composite propulsion device 10A of the present embodiment and the ship equipped with the propulsion device 10A, the single efficiency of each propeller is further improved by making the four-axes.
Further, the deterioration of the wake gain can be reduced, and the propulsion efficiency can be improved by collecting the stern vertical vortex.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams showing the rotational direction and the arrangement relationship of the composite propulsion device 10 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the stern.
This embodiment is different from FIG. 2 in that the uniaxial front thruster 1 is arranged on the hull center line 101 without being biased. The rotation direction of the POD type propulsion device 2 is opposite to that of the front side propulsion device 1.
FIG. 7 shows the counterclockwise direction opposite to the rotation direction (clockwise) of the front propulsion device 1 shown in FIG.
As described above, when the front propulsion device 1 is not biased, the POD type propulsion device 2 has a rotation direction opposite to that of the front thruster 1, and the biasing direction may be either left or right.
This embodiment also has the same effect as that of the first embodiment.

  Since the composite propulsion devices 10 and 10A of the present invention have excellent performance as described above, they can be widely used regardless of the type of ship as long as they are uniaxial and biaxial ship types. be able to.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b Front side propulsion device 2, 2a, 2b POD type propulsion device 10, 10A Composite type propulsion device 100 Ship 101 Hull center line 102 Hull

Claims (6)

A composite propulsion device comprising a uniaxial front propulsion device provided on the hull side and a uniaxial tractor-type POD propulsion device provided behind the front propulsion device,
The front propulsion device and the POD type propulsion device are arranged so as to be deviated in the ship width direction from the hull center line, respectively.
When the front propulsion unit is clockwise when viewed from the stern side, it is arranged to be biased to starboard side, and the POD type propulsion unit is arranged to be counterclockwise and biased to port side,
When the front propulsion unit is counterclockwise when viewed from the stern side, the propulsion unit is arranged to be deviated to the port side, and the POD type propulsion unit is arranged to be clockwise and deviated to the starboard side. apparatus. The axial center distance L between the front propulsion unit and the POD type propulsion unit satisfies the following formula, where the propeller diameter of the front side propulsion unit is Dp1 and the propeller diameter of the POD type propulsion unit is Dp2. The composite propulsion device according to claim 1.
0 <L <(Dp1 + Dp2) / 2 A composite propulsion device comprising a two-axis front propulsion device installed on the hull side and a two-axis tractor-type POD type propulsion device provided behind the front propulsion device,
The POD type propulsion device is biased and arranged in the vicinity of the propulsion device so that the front side propulsion device and the POD type propulsion device are in one set.
The rotation directions of the front propulsion devices are opposite to each other, and the rotation direction of the POD-type propulsion device is the reference rotation based on the rotation direction of the front propulsion device having the higher propulsion performance in the biaxial ship state. A composite propulsion device characterized in that the direction is opposite to the direction. The axial center distance L in the ship width direction between the front propulsion device and the POD type propulsion device is the following formula when the propeller diameter of the front propulsion device is Dp1 and the propeller diameter of the POD type propulsion device is Dp2. 4. The composite propulsion device according to claim 3, wherein:
0 <L <(Dp1 + Dp2) / 2 A composite propulsion device comprising a uniaxial front propulsion device provided on the hull side and a uniaxial tractor-type POD propulsion device provided behind the front propulsion device,
The front propulsion device is arranged on the hull center line, and the POD type propulsion device is arranged to be deviated in the ship width direction from the hull center line,
A composite type propulsion device, wherein the POD type propulsion device is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the front propulsion device.   A ship equipped with the composite propulsion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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