JP2011126679A - Braking device of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a braking device of an elevator capable of surely braking and holding a lifting body in a predetermined braking distance, without depending on frictional force when abnormality is caused. <P>SOLUTION: This rope type elevator is driven by friction between a sheave 4d and a rope. The braking device of the elevator brakes the lifting body started to move by the abnormality when stopping on a story floor, and is provided with a pin braking means 7 having a braking rotary body 6a having a plurality of braking recesses formed sat a specific interval on a concentric circle on a surface orthogonal to a rotary shaft, a braking pin 7b fittable to these braking recesses and a displacement part 7c for displacing this braking in the rotary shaft direction, and mechanically fixes the sheave 4d by fitting of the braking recesses of the braking rotary body 6a and the braking pin 7b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator braking device that brakes an elevator body, and more particularly, to an elevator braking device that brakes the elevator body when the elevator body is stopped due to an abnormality.

  In a rope-type elevator that is driven by friction between a sheave and a rope, the elevator is normally braked and held by a friction brake provided in the hoisting machine when the elevator that is moving up and down, for example, the car is stopped on a predetermined floor. . That is, a brake shoe is pressed against a braking surface such as a drum or a disk, and the car is braked and held by a frictional force.

  By the way, such an elevator is also required to have a function of quickly braking the car when an electric or mechanical abnormality occurs and the car stops when the floor is stopped. In order to brake the car when such an abnormality occurs, a friction brake is generally used. In other words, the car is braked using a friction brake provided in the hoisting machine or a friction brake provided in the car (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-230593 A

  By the way, in order to ensure the safety of passengers in a car that has started to move due to an abnormality while the floor is stopped, it is important to shorten the stop distance until the car is stopped as much as possible. However, in the friction brake as described above, since the stopping distance depends on the friction characteristics of the brake shoe, it is necessary to design in consideration of variations in the friction characteristics, which requires a lot of time for test evaluation and the like. There was a problem.

  The present invention has been made from the above-described prior art, and its purpose is to reliably brake and hold the lifting body within a predetermined braking distance without depending on the frictional force when an abnormality occurs. It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator braking device.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rope-type elevator that is driven by friction between a sheave and a rope, and in an elevator braking device that brakes a lifting body that has started to move abnormally during a floor stop, A braking rotator having a plurality of braking dents that are concentric and formed at regular intervals on an orthogonal surface, a braking pin that can be fitted into these braking dents, and a displacement that displaces the braking pin in the direction of the rotation axis A pin braking means including a portion is provided, and the sheave is mechanically fixed by fitting the braking dent of the braking rotator with the braking pin.

  In the present invention configured as described above, when the lifting / lowering body that has stopped the floor starts to move due to some abnormality, the pin braking means displaces the braking pin in the direction of the rotation axis by the displacing portion, and the braking pin is braked on the braking rotating body. It fits into the recess and mechanically fixes the sheave to brake and hold the lifting body. Thus, when an abnormality occurs, the lifting body can be reliably braked and held within a predetermined braking distance without depending on the frictional force.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that a notch groove is provided on the outer periphery of the brake pin, and the brake pin is broken when predetermined braking energy acts on the brake pin.

  In the present invention configured as described above, when the brake pin is fitted in the brake recess while the elevator is operating at the rated speed, a large impact load is generated on the brake pin. When predetermined braking energy acts on the braking pin in this manner, the braking pin is cut at the notch groove. By using so-called shear pins as the braking pins in this way, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the hoisting machine is damaged even when an abnormality occurs in braking using the braking pins.

  Further, according to the present invention, the pitch circle diameter of the brake recess provided in the brake rotator is D1, the diameter of the sheave is D2, the coefficient according to the method of hooking the rope is r, and the lifting body moves before stopping. Assuming that the stopping distance is S, the distance L between the braking recesses provided in the braking rotator is L ≦ S × r × D1 ÷ D2.

  In the present invention configured as described above, the distance L required for stopping the lifting body is ensured by setting the distance L between the brake recesses provided in the brake rotating body to L ≦ S × r × D1 ÷ D2. It can be set to any possible value.

  According to the present invention, even when the lifting / lowering body that is stopped is moved due to an electrical or mechanical abnormality, the lifting / lowering body can be reliably braked and held within a predetermined braking distance. As a result, the safety of the elevator apparatus can be improved.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an elevator to which the present invention is applied. It is a front view which shows one Example of the elevator apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a side view which shows one Example of the elevator apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a front view of the brake rotating body in a present Example. It is a side view of the brake rotating body in a present Example. It is a side view which shows the principal part structure of the pin braking means in a present Example. It is a side view which shows the state by which the brake pin is released. It is a side view which shows the state which the brake pin is contact | abutting to the brake rotary body. It is a side view which shows the state which the brake pin fitted to the brake hollow. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the state which stopped and hold | maintained the passenger car within the stop distance S. It is a side view which shows the state which the brake pin fractured | ruptured. It is a front view of the brake rotating body in which the brake hollow of another shape was formed. FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing an elevator of 2: 1 roping.

  Embodiments of an elevator braking device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rope type elevator has a lifting body, that is, a car 1 and a counterweight 2 suspended by a hoisting machine 4 in a hoisting manner by a rope 3, and the torque generated by the hoisting machine 4 is roped. By transmitting the friction to 3, the car 1 and the counterweight 2 can be moved up and down. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the car 1 is stopped on the building floor 5.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hoisting machine 4 transmits torque generated by the motor 4 a to the sheave 4 d supported by the bearing bases 4 b and 4 c so as to be freely rotatable. The balance weight 2 is accelerated and decelerated.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hoisting machine 4 is provided with friction brake means 6 as an elevator braking device. In other words, the brake rotator 6a is attached to the sheave 4d, and when the friction brake means 6 is operated, the brake shoe 6b is pressed against the brake rotator 6a, thereby causing friction between the brake rotator 6a and the brake shoe 6b. Force is generated, and the brake torque is applied to the sheave 4d via the brake rotating body 6a. Such a friction brake means 6 operates when the car 1 stops on the building floor 5, for example, and acts to brake and hold, and also when an abnormality occurs during the traveling of the car 1, The car 1 has an emergency stop function.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the elevator braking device according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of braking recesses 7 a that are concentrically formed at regular intervals on a surface orthogonal to the rotation axis. A pin braking means 7 having a rotating body 6a, a braking pin 7b that can be fitted in these braking depressions 7a, and a displacement portion that displaces the braking pin 7b in the rotation axis direction, for example, an actuator 7c, is a hoisting machine 4 Is attached.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the braking rotator 6a is provided with a plurality of braking dents 7a at regular intervals L. This interval L has a pitch circle diameter D1 and a sheave diameter D2 of the braking dents 7a. , Where r is the coefficient according to how the rope 3 is hooked and S is the stop distance that the car 1 moves before stopping, it is necessary to stop the car 1 by setting L ≦ S × r × D1 ÷ D2. The stop distance S can be set to an arbitrary value that is predetermined and can ensure safety. Note that the brake recess 7a has, for example, a circular shape with a diameter d1. In addition, the coefficient r depending on how the rope 3 is applied is 1 in the case of a 1: 1 roping elevator as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the braking pin 7b of the pin braking means 7 has a braking portion 7b1 fitted to the braking recess 7a and a sliding portion 7b2 driven by the actuator 7c, and the braking portion 7b1 and the sliding portion 7b2. A notch groove 7b3 is provided between the two. The diameter d2 of the braking portion 7b1 is set smaller than the diameter d1 of the braking recess 7a.

  In this embodiment, when the elevator is in normal operation and the car 1 is traveling, the pin braking means 7 is in the state shown in FIG. That is, the force for pulling the brake pin 7b toward the actuator 7c (leftward in the figure) by the actuator 7c continuously acts, and the brake 7b1 and the brake recess 7a of the brake pin 7b are in the released state, and the rotation of the brake rotator 6a. Does not affect exercise.

  When the traveling car 1 is stopped on a predetermined floor, the brake shoe 6b of the friction brake means 6 is pressed against the brake rotator 6a, and the brake rotator 6a connected to the sheave 4d is braked by frictional force. For example, the car 1 is stopped on the building floor 5 as shown in FIG. At this time, the pin braking means 7 is in the state shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 according to the stop of the car 1. That is, a force that pushes the braking pin 7b toward the braking rotator 6a (rightward in the figure) by the actuator 7c is continuously applied. At this time, when the brake pin 7b and the brake recess 7a are in the non-opposing positions, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 4, the brake pin 7b is placed on the track 6a1 of the plurality of brake recesses 7a formed in the brake rotating body 6a. It becomes a pressed state. On the other hand, when the brake pin 7b and the brake recess 7a are in the opposite positions, as shown in FIG. 9, the brake pin 7b is fitted in the brake recess 7a.

  When the car 1 is in a stopped state on the building floor 5, for example, when some electrical abnormality occurs and the car 1 starts to move, it is necessary to quickly stop the car 1. At this time, for example, when the brake pin 7b is pressed against the track 6a1 of the plurality of brake recesses 7a formed in the brake rotator 6a as shown in FIGS. In response to the rotation of the body 6a, the braking pin 7b slides on the track 6a1 of the plurality of braking recesses 7a, and when the positional relationship in the rotational direction between the braking pin 7b and the braking recess 7a matches, the braking pin 7b The braking portion 7b1 of 7b is fitted in the braking recess 7a, and mechanically stops the rotation of the sheave 4d connected to the braking rotator 6a. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, even when the car 1 that has been stopped on the building floor 5 starts to move abnormally, as shown in FIG. 10, within the stop distance S that can ensure the safety of the passengers. The car 1 can be stopped.

  Also, if an abnormality occurs in the actuator 7c of the pin braking means 7 while the elevator is operating at the rated speed, and a situation occurs in which the braking pin 7b is fitted into the braking recess 7a, the braking pin 7b is very large. An impact load is generated, and in the worst case, the mounting portion of the bearing support 4b to which the pin type braking means 7 is mounted may be damaged. Therefore, the brake pin 7b is provided with a notch groove 7b3, and when the brake pin 7b receives braking energy of a predetermined amount or more, the brake portion 7b1 of the brake pin 7b has the notch groove 7b3 as shown in FIG. Disconnected at the border. In this way, the braking pin 7 b is a so-called shear pin, and an excessive load is prevented from being applied to the bearing support 4 b to which the pin type braking means 7 is attached. It should be noted that the load at which the shear pin is cut is not cut by the load generated when the car 1 that has started moving from the floor stoppage due to an electrical or mechanical abnormality is stopped. On the other hand, for example, the elevator is operated at a rated speed. During operation, the brake pin 7b is set to a value that is cut by a load generated when the brake pin 7b is fitted in the brake recess 7a.

  According to the present embodiment, even when the lifting and lowering body that has stopped the floor starts to move due to an electrical or mechanical abnormality, the lifting and lowering body can be reliably braked and held within a predetermined braking distance. Thus, the safety of the elevator apparatus can be improved.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the brake recess 7a formed in the brake rotator 6a has a circular shape with a diameter d1, but the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. The arc-shaped braking recess 7a1 may be used. In addition, the brake rotator 6a provided with the brake recess 7a is shared by the friction brake 6 and the pin brake means 7. However, the brake rotator 6a is provided in the friction brake 6 and the pin brake means 7 separately. Alternatively, the structure may be combined with the sheave 4d. Further, the elevator shown in the above-described embodiment is 1: 1 roping, and the coefficient r depending on how the rope 3 is applied is 1, but in the case of an elevator of 2: 1 roping as shown in FIG. In the case of an elevator of n: 1 roping, the coefficient r is n.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car 2 Balance weight 3 Rope 4 Hoisting machine 4a Motor 4b, 4c Bearing stand 4d Sheave 5 Building floor 6 Friction brake means 6a Brake rotating body 6b Brake shoe 7 Pin brake means 7a, 7a1 Brake indent 7b Brake pin 7b1 Brake Part 7b2 Sliding part 7b3 Notch groove 7c Actuator

Claims (3)

In the elevator elevator that is driven by the friction between the sheave and the rope and brakes the lifting body that has started to move abnormally while the floor is stopped,
A braking rotator having a plurality of braking dents that are concentrically formed at regular intervals on a surface orthogonal to the rotation axis, a braking pin that can be fitted into these braking dents, and the braking pin in the direction of the rotation axis An elevator braking apparatus, comprising: a pin braking means including a displacement portion for displacing, and mechanically fixing the sheave by fitting the braking recess of the braking rotating body and the braking pin.   The braking device for an elevator according to claim 1, wherein a notch groove is provided on an outer periphery of the braking pin, and the braking pin is broken when predetermined braking energy is applied to the braking pin.   The pitch diameter of the brake recess provided on the brake rotator is D1, the diameter of the sheave is D2, the coefficient is r according to how the rope is applied, and the stop distance that the elevator moves to stop is S. The elevator braking device according to claim 1, wherein an interval L between the braking recesses provided in the braking rotator satisfies L ≦ S × r × D 1 / D 2.

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