JP2011125820A - Cutter structure for crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sufficiently cut an article to be crushed including a fine wire and a knitted wire made of a metal. <P>SOLUTION: Rotary cutters 21, 22 engaged with each other are provided on first and second rotation shafts 15A, 15B parallel to each other, and the rotary cutter of the first rotation shaft 15B is made to a resilient circular cutter 21. The resilient circular cutter 21 includes a pair of separation disk parts arranged on a base body part 45 so as to clamp an annular slit 42 along a plane perpendicular to the second rotation shaft 15B, and a cutting edge part 41 provided on an outer peripheral edge part of the separation disk parts. The cutting edge part 41 is slide-contacted or approached to a cutting edge part 34 of a rigid rotation cutter 22 of the first rotation shaft 15A and can be retreated to the slit 42 side by resiliency of the separation disk part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a blade structure such as a crusher or a cutting machine that cuts and crushes an object to be crushed by a rotating cutter attached to a rotating shaft or a fixed cutter disposed between the rotating cutters.

  For example, in the biaxial crusher shown in Patent Document 1, spacers and rotating cutters are alternately attached to a pair of rotating shafts parallel to each other, and the rotating cutter of the other rotating shaft is disposed between the outer peripheral portions of the rotating cutter of one rotating shaft. The outer peripheries of the two mesh with each other. A fixed cutter that fits between the rotary cutters is provided on the side of the cutting cutter.

  Such a rotary cutter is a blade provided at the outer peripheral edge of the rotary cutter by drawing the object to be crushed into the meshing part of the rotary cutter or the meshing part of the rotary cutter and the fixed cutter with a scissors blade attached to the outer peripheral part. The object to be crushed is cut and crushed by the cutting part, or the blade part of the rotary cutter and the blade part of the fixed cutter.

JP2007-307520A

By the way, recent objects to be crushed, for example, waste tires and waste home appliances, include a large number of fine metal wires and knitted wires.
On the other hand, in the said crusher, when a blade part is worn out by long-time use, the metal fine wire and the knitted wire contained in the material to be crushed cannot be cut well. In addition, when a hard foreign object is caught in the blade portion, the blade portion may be damaged due to excessive wear.
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a blade structure such as a crusher or a cutting machine that can satisfactorily cut a thin metal wire or a knitted wire.

The invention described in claim 1
The rotary cutter is a blade structure of a crusher attached to each of a plurality of rotary shafts parallel to each other so that the rotary cutters of adjacent rotary shafts alternately mesh with each other,
The rotating cutter attached to at least one of the adjacent rotating shafts is an elastic rotating cutter,
The elastic rotary cutter is provided with a pair of separation discs arranged across an annular gap along a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis, and the rotation cutters of adjacent rotation shafts provided at the outer peripheral edge portions of these separation discs. A cutting blade portion facing a part of the cutting blade portion,
The cutting blade portion is configured to be brought into sliding contact with or close to a part of the cutting blade portion of the rotating cutter of the adjacent rotating shaft, and to be retractable toward the gap portion side by the elasticity of the separation disk.

The invention according to claim 2 is the configuration according to claim 1,
The first void forming structure that forms the void portion is:
It comprises a base portion having a central hole fitted to the rotation shaft, and a pair of separation disk portions extending integrally from the base portion with a gap portion interposed therebetween.

The invention according to claim 3 is the configuration according to claim 1,
The second void forming structure that forms the void portion is:
A pair of disk plates having a central hole into which the rotating shaft is fitted;
The spacer ring is interposed between these disk plates.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect,
The fourth void forming structure forming the void portion is
A pair of disk plates having a center hole into which the rotation shaft is fitted, an annular gap holding oil chamber formed between the opposing surfaces of these disk boards, and pressure oil is supplied to the gap holding oil chamber And a holding pressure oil supply path for holding the gap.

The invention according to claim 5 is the configuration according to claim 1,
The gap is
An annular gap holding oil chamber formed between the opposed surfaces of a pair of disk plates each having a central hole into which the rotation shaft is fitted, and pressure oil is supplied to the gap holding oil chamber to form the gap portion. It is formed by the holding pressure oil supply path to hold.

The invention according to claim 6 is the configuration according to claim 2 or 3,
A spring member for biasing the separation disk portion or the disk plate in the expanding direction is provided around the center hole in the gap portion.

The invention according to claim 7 is the configuration according to claim 2 or 3,
An oil chamber for expansion formed on the back side of the cutting edge portion in the gap,
An expansion pressure oil supply passage for supplying pressure oil to the expansion oil chamber and urging the cutting edge portion of the disk plate in the expansion direction;
Pressure oil elastic holding means for elastically holding the oil pressure of the expansion oil chamber is provided.

The invention according to claim 8 is the configuration according to claim 2 or 3,
In the gap, a gap adjustment mechanism is provided that can adjust the position of the separation disk or the cutting edge of the disk plate.
The gap adjusting mechanism is formed on the opposing surface of the separation disk portion or the disk plate over the entire circumference and is tapered away from the outer circumferential side, a plurality of wedge members interposed between the tapered surface portions, and the wedge member It is comprised with the fixing tool which fixes so that exit / exit adjustment is possible.

The invention according to claim 9 is the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A blade portion is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary cutter.
The invention according to claim 10 is the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A fixed cutter is arranged on each side of the rotary cutter so as to engage with the rotary cutter alternately.
At least one of the rotary cutters is an elastic fixed cutter,
The elastic fixed cutter includes a pair of separation plates arranged with a gap along a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis, and a pair of separation plates provided on the front end side of the pair of separation plates and part of the cutting blade portion of the rotation cutter. A facing cutting edge part,
The cutting blade portion is configured to be in sliding contact with or close to a part of the cutting blade portion provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the rotary cutter, and to be retractable to the gap portion side by the elasticity of the separation plate. .

  According to the configuration of claim 1, the cutting blade portion can be retracted toward the gap portion by the elasticity of the separation disk, and is brought into sliding contact with or close to a part of the cutting blade portion of the rotary cutter of the adjacent rotating shaft. Therefore, the sharpness with respect to a to-be-crushed object can be improved, the metal fine wire and the knitted wire contained in the to-be-crushed object can be cut | disconnected favorably, and a favorable sharpness can be continued. Further, the cutting edge portion can be retracted against the hard foreign matter to prevent damage such as chipping.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the base portion and the separation disk portion can be formed by forming a gap portion in the rotary cutter by cutting or the like, and the conventional rotary cutter can be improved and manufactured. The manufacturing cost can be reduced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since it is composed of a pair of disk plates and a spacer ring, it can be manufactured at a low cost with a simple structure and can be easily assembled.
According to the configuration of the fourth aspect, the pair of disk plates can be firmly fixed by the tapered surface portion and the wedge member. Further, the gap portion can be expanded by adjusting the retracting position of the wedge member, and the retracting position of the cutting edge portion can be finely adjusted.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pressure oil can be supplied from the holding pressure oil supply passage to the gap holding oil chamber to maintain the gap between the disk plates to form the gap portion. Exchange can be performed in a short time.

  According to the configuration of the sixth aspect, the elastic support mechanism by the spring member improves the sharpness by sliding the cutting blade portion in a light pressure state with a simple structure, and further improves the metallic fine line and the knitted line. While being able to cut | disconnect favorably, the pressurizing force of cutting blade parts can be adjusted with the change of a spring member. Thereby, the slidable contact state and good sharpness of the cutting edge can be maintained for a long time.

  According to the structure described in claim 7, the sharpness is improved by sliding a part of the cutting edge portion in a lightly pressurized state by the hydraulic elastic support mechanism, thereby improving the fineness of the metal and the knitting wire. Can be cut more satisfactorily. Further, when the cutting edge is worn, the pressurization state and the retracted position of the cutting edges can be easily adjusted by changing the hydraulic pressure. Thereby, the slidable contact state and good sharpness of the cutting edge can be maintained for a long time.

  According to the configuration of the eighth aspect, the operation of the tapered surface portion and the wedge member can adjust the width of the gap portion between the disk plates and adjust the retracted position of the cutting blade portion in accordance with wear. And the sharpness of the cutting edge can be maintained for a long time.

According to the configuration of the ninth aspect, the object to be crushed can be satisfactorily crushed by pulling the object to be crushed into the meshing part of the rotary cutter by the scissors blade part.
According to the configuration of claim 10, the fixed cutter that meshes with the rotary cutter is an elastic fixed cutter, and the cutting blade portion can be retracted by the elasticity of the separation plate of the elastic fixed cutter. The sharpness with respect to the material to be crushed can be improved, the fine metal wire or the knitted wire contained in the material to be crushed can be favorably cut, and the good sharpness can be continued. In addition, when a hard foreign object is caught, the cutting edge can be moved backward by the elasticity of the separation plate to prevent damage such as chipping.

It is sectional drawing of the planar view which shows 1st Example of the biaxial crusher which concerns on this invention, and shows the meshing state of a rotary cutter and a fixed cutter. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of an elastic rotation cutter. It is a half cross-sectional view of an elastic rotation cutter. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the sliding contact state of a cutting blade part. The fixed cutter is shown, (a) is a perspective view showing a rigid fixed cutter, and (b) is a perspective view showing an elastic fixed cutter. It is the whole longitudinal section showing a crusher. It is a whole plane fragmentary sectional view showing a crusher. It is sectional drawing of planar view which shows the meshing state of the rotary cutter and fixed cutter in 2nd Example. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of an elastic rotation cutter. It is a half cross-sectional view of an elastic rotation cutter. It is a perspective view which shows an elastic fixed cutter. It is sectional drawing of planar view which shows the meshing state of the rotary cutter and fixed cutter in 3rd Example. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an elastic rotation cutter. It is a half cross-sectional view of an elastic rotation cutter. It is a perspective view which shows an elastic fixed cutter. It is sectional drawing of planar view which shows the meshing state of the rotary cutter and fixed cutter in 4th Example. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an elastic rotation cutter. It is a half cross-sectional view which shows an elastic rotation cutter. It is sectional drawing of the planar view which shows 5th Example which has a 1st elastic support mechanism, and shows the meshing state of a rotary cutter and a fixed cutter. It is a half cross-sectional view which shows an elastic rotation cutter. It is a half cross-sectional view which shows an elastic fixed cutter. It is sectional drawing of planar view which shows the 6th Example which has a 2nd elastic support mechanism, and shows the meshing state of a rotary cutter and a fixed cutter. It is an expansion half sectional view of the planar view which shows an elastic rotation cutter. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an elastic rotation cutter. It is sectional drawing of planar view which shows 7th Example which has a space | gap adjustment mechanism, and shows the meshing state of a rotary cutter and a fixed cutter. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an elastic rotation cutter. It is an expansion half sectional view of the planar view which shows an elastic rotation cutter. It is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing an elastic fixed cutter.

Hereinafter, the 1st-8th Example of the biaxial crusher which concerns on this invention is described based on drawing.
[First embodiment]
(Basic structure of biaxial crusher)
6 and 7 show, for example, a biaxial crusher that crushes waste tires (objects to be crushed), and has a popper formed in a rectangular shape in plan view on a base plate 11 having a crushing object dropping port 11a. A casing 12 is erected, and a drive motor 13 having a reduction gear and capable of switching between forward and reverse rotation is installed on the back of the casing 12 on the base plate 11. A horizontal first rotary shaft 15A and a second rotary shaft 15B parallel to each other are rotatably supported between the left and right side plates 12a and 12b of the casing 12 via bearings 14 and 14, respectively. The interlocking gears 16A and 16B that rotate the first and second rotating shafts 15A and 15B in relative directions are fixed to the ends of the first and second rotating shafts 15A and 15B protruding from the casing 12, respectively. Further, a passive sprocket 17 is attached to the tip of the first rotating shaft 15A. A transmission chain 19 is wound and interlocked between the passive sprocket 17 and a drive sprocket 18 attached to the output shaft of the drive motor 13.

  The first rotary shaft 15A and the second rotary shaft 15 are formed, for example, in a substantially regular hexagonal cross section, and the rotary cutters 21 and 22 and the intermediate ring (intermediate member) 25 are alternately mounted and fixed, and both rotary cutters 21 , 22 are arranged so that the outer peripheral portions are alternately meshed with each other. These rotary cutters 21 and 22 are composed of a rigid rotary cutter 22 attached to the first rotary shaft 15A and an elastic rotary cutter 21 according to the present invention attached to the second rotary shaft 15B. The front and rear side plates 12c and 12d of the casing 12 are provided with fixed cutters 23 and 24 that mesh with the rotary cutters 21 and 22. These fixed cutters 23 and 24 are elastically engaged with the outer peripheral portion of the rigid rotary cutter 22 according to the present invention. The fixed cutter 23 and a rigid fixed cutter 24 that meshes with the outer peripheral portion of the elastic rotary cutter 21 are configured.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rigid rotary cutter 22 is integrally formed as in the prior art, and a substantially regular hexagonal center hole 32 into which the first rotary shaft 15A is fitted is formed at the center of the disc main body 31, and the outer periphery is formed. A pair of scissors blade part 33 is formed in the symmetrical position of the part. In these scissors blade portions 33, the waste tire is drawn between the rotary cutters 21, 22 during normal rotation and the front blade 33 a is broken, and the waste tire is drawn between the rotary cutters 21, 22 and the fixed cutters 23, 24 during reverse rotation. A rear blade 33b that breaks is provided. Further, both edge cutting edges 34 are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the disc body 31. As shown in FIG. 4, the cutting edge portion 34 is a cutting edge portion in which a cutting tip 34 a is implanted in a cutting edge mounting groove 35 formed along both edges on the outer periphery of the separation disk portions 34, 34. 34 is fitted and brazed.

  The rigid fixed cutter 24 provided on the front side plate 12c via the mounting member 26 is integrally formed as in the prior art. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5A, the tip of the cutter block main body 36 is provided. The blade attachment grooves 37 are formed on both edges at the respective portions, and the blade attachment grooves 37 in which the cutting tips 38a are implanted are fitted and brazed to the blade attachment grooves 37, respectively. The rigid fixed cutter 24 corresponding to the intermediate ring 25 of the second rotary shaft 15B and the intermediate block (intermediate member) 27 corresponding to the elastic rotary cutter 21 are alternately arranged, and the cutting blade portion 38 of the rigid fixed cutter 24 is arranged. And a part of a cutting edge portion 41 (to be described later) of the elastic rotary cutter 21 are configured to slidably contact with each other or to be close to each other.

(First gap forming structure)
The elastic rotary cutter 21 and the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the first gap forming structure 51 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the first gap forming structure 51 includes a base portion 45 in which a central hole 44 fitted to the second rotary shaft 15B is formed, and the base portion. 45, a pair of circular separation disc portions (separation discs) 43, 43 extending integrally with a slit (gap portion) 42 from 45 is provided.

  A plurality (two in the drawing) of blades 46 having a front blade 46a and a rear blade 46b are formed at symmetrical positions on the outer periphery of the separation disk portions 43, 43. In addition, blade attachment grooves 47 are formed on the outer peripheral edges of the separation disk portions 43, 43, and the cutting blade portions 41 are attached to the blade attachment grooves 47, respectively. By making these cutting blade portions 41 slide in contact with or close to a part of the cutting blade portion 34 of the rigid rotating cutter 22, it is possible to cut the waste tire satisfactorily using the elasticity of the separation disk portions 43, 43. it can.

  That is, when a cutting reaction force is applied, a fine vibration is generated that causes the cutting blade portion 41 to retract toward the slit 42 due to the elasticity of the separation disk portions 43, 43, and this fine vibration produces an effective sharpness in the cutting blade portion 41. Let This is the same effect as when a cutting tool, such as a lathe of a machine tool, cuts with a cutting tool bite, and the cutting tool uses the elasticity of the shank to generate fine vibrations on the cutting tip to achieve good cutting. It can be explained as an effect. Thereby, the metal thin wire | line and the net | network wire which were equipped in the waste tire can be cut | disconnected effectively. Even when a hard foreign object or the like is caught between the cutting blade portions 41 and 34, the cutting blade portion 41 is retracted to effectively prevent the cutting blade portions 41 and 34 from being worn or chipped. it can.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the first gap forming structure includes a base portion 91 fixed to the rear side plate 12 d of the casing 12 via an attachment member 26, and a slit from the base portion 91. It is composed of a pair of cutter plate portions (separation plates) 92 and 92 that are integrally extended to the front end side with a (void portion) 93 interposed therebetween. Then, blade attachment grooves 95 are formed at both edges at the ends of the pair of cutter plate portions 92, 92, and the blade portions 94, each having a cutting tip 94a, are fitted into the blade attachment grooves 37, and the brazing blades 94 are fitted. Attached and fixed. The elastic fixed cutter 23 is disposed corresponding to the intermediate ring 25 of the first rotating shaft 15 </ b> A, and the intermediate block 27 is disposed corresponding to the rigid rotating cutter 22.

  Here, the gap δ2 between the outer surface of the separation disk portion 43 of the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the side surface of the rigid rotary cutter 22, and the gap δ2 between the cutter plate portion 92 of the elastic fixed cutter 23 and the disc body 31 of the rigid rotary cutter 22 are: It is formed to 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Then, the cutting edge portion 41 of the separation disk portion 43 meshes with a part of the cutting edge portion 34 of the rigid rotating cutter 22 in a sliding contact or close proximity (δ1 = 0.1 to 0.5 mm), and is separated at the time of cutting. When the cutting edge portion 41 is retracted by the elasticity of the disk portions 43 and 43, the waste tire is cut well. Further, the interval between the slits (gap portions) 42 in which the cutting edge portions 41 and 94 are allowed to recede due to the elasticity of the separation disc portions 43 and 43 is δ3 = 2 to 5 mm, preferably 2.5 to 3.5 mm. .

  According to the biaxial crusher provided with the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the first gap forming structure 51 and the elastic fixed cutter 23, when the first and second rotary shafts 15A and 15B are driven to rotate forward, the elastic rotation When the cutter 21 and the rigid rotary cutter 22 are rotationally driven in a relative direction, the waste tire scraped by the scissors blade portions 33 and 46 is drawn into the meshed portion of the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the rigid rotary cutter 22, and these rotary cutters The waste tires are cut by the cutting blade portions 41 and 34 of 21 and 22. At this time, the cutting edge 41 of the elastic rotating cutter 21 is brought into sliding contact with or close to a part of the cutting edge 34 of the rigid rotating cutter 22, and the cutting edge 41 can be retracted by the elasticity of the separation disk 43. Since it comprises, the rubber material of a waste tire and the metal fine wire and metal braided wire which were inherent in the waste tire can be cut | disconnected favorably. Further, due to the elasticity of the separation disk portion 43, the cutting blade portion 41 of the elastic rotating cutter 21 is brought into sliding contact with a part of the cutting blade portion 34 of the rigid rotating cutter 22 in a lightly pressurized state, whereby the cutting blade portion 41, It is possible to extend the duration in which cutting can be satisfactorily performed in a state where the 34 is in sliding contact or close proximity, and to extend the life of the cutting edge portions 41 and 34 against wear.

  When the first and second rotary shafts 15A and 15B are driven in reverse, the waste tire scraped off by the scissors blade portion 33 is drawn into the meshing portion of the rigid rotating cutter 22 and the elastic fixed cutter 23, and these rigid rotations are performed. The waste tire is cut by the cutting edges 34 and 94 of the cutter 22 and the elastic fixed cutter 23. At this time, the cutting edge portion 94 of the elastic fixed cutter 23 is in sliding contact with or close to a part of the cutting edge portion 34 of the rigid rotating cutter 22, and the cutting edge portion 94 can be retracted by the elasticity of the cutter plate portion 92. Therefore, the rubber material of the waste tire and the fine metal wire or the knitted wire inherent in the waste tire can be cut well. Further, due to the elasticity of the separation disk portion 43, the cutting blade portion 94 is slidably brought into sliding contact with a part of the cutting blade portion 34 of the rigid rotary cutter 22 in a lightly pressurized state. It is possible to extend the duration of close cutting and good cutting, and to extend the life of the cutting edge portions 34 and 94 against wear.

  At the same time, the waste tire scraped off by the scissors blade portion 33 is drawn into the meshing portion of the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the rigid fixed cutter 24, and the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the cutting blade portions 41 and 38 of the rigid fixed cutter 24 are used. Waste tires are cut. At this time, the cutting blade portion 41 of the elastic rotating cutter 21 is brought into sliding contact with or close to a part of the cutting blade portion 38 of the rigid fixed cutter 24, and the cutting blade portion 41 can be retracted by the elasticity of the separation disk portion 43. Therefore, it is possible to cut the waste tire and the fine metal wire or the knitted wire inherent in the waste tire. Further, due to the elasticity of the separation disk portion 43, the cutting blade portion 41 of the elastic rotating cutter 21 is brought into sliding contact with the cutting blade portion 38 of the rigid fixed cutter 24 in a lightly pressed state, whereby the cutting blade portions 41, 38 are slid. Therefore, it is possible to extend the duration of the close contact and good cutting, and to extend the life of the cutting edge portions 41 and 38 against wear.

  In addition, when there is a possibility that the cutting blade portions 34, 38, 41, and 94 are heated by the sliding contact and the waste tires are ignited, the cooling cutters 21 and 22 and the fixed cutters 23 and 24 are supplied with cooling air or cooling water. Or cooling passages may be formed in the first and second rotating shafts 15A and 15B and the attachment member 26 to supply cooling water or cooling oil to cool the structure.

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the second gap forming structure 52 will be described with reference to FIGS. The same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The elastic rotary cutter 21 having the second gap forming structure 52 includes a pair of disc plates (separating discs) 61 and 61 having a substantially regular hexagonal center hole 62 into which the second rotary shaft 15B is fitted, and these disc plates. The spacer ring 64 is interposed between 61 and 61. This spacer ring 64 is formed with a substantially regular hexagonal center hole 65 into which the second rotating shaft 15B is fitted in the shaft center part, and is formed to have the same outer diameter as the intermediate ring 25, and the gap 63 is formed by its thickness. is doing. The disc plates 61 and 61 are provided with a cutting edge portion 41 having a cutting tip 41a in a blade attachment groove 47 formed on an outer peripheral edge portion, and an annular surface on an outer peripheral side of a spacer ring 64. An adjustment groove 66 is formed to adjust the elasticity of the disk plates 61 and 61.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the second gap forming structure 52 includes a pair of cutter plates (separation plates) 101 and 101 fixed to the rear side plate 12d of the casing 12 via an attachment member 26. The spacer plate 103 is disposed between the cutter plates 101 and 101 to form the gap 102. A cutting edge portion 94 having a cutting tip 94a is brazed and attached to a blade attachment groove 47 formed in the outer edge portion at the tip of the pair of cutter plates 101 and 101. The elastic fixed cutter 23 arranged corresponding to the intermediate ring 25 of the first rotary shaft 15A and the intermediate block 27 arranged corresponding to the rigid rotary cutter 22 are alternately arranged, and the tip of the elastic fixed cutter 23 is arranged. The portion engages between the outer peripheral portions of the rigid rotating cutter 22, and a part of these cutting blade portions 94 and 34 is slidably contacted or brought close to each other to cut the waste tire.

  According to the biaxial crusher provided with the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the second gap forming structure 52, the cutting blade portions 41, 34 are engaged at the meshing portion of the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the rigid rotary cutter 22 during forward rotation driving. As a result, the waste tire is cut. At this time, the cutting blade portion 41 of the elastic rotary cutter 21 is configured to be in sliding contact with or close to a part of the cutting blade portion 34 of the rigid rotary cutter 22, and the cutting blade portion 41 can be retracted by the elasticity of the disc plate 61. Therefore, the rubber material of the waste tire and the metal thin wire or knitted wire inherent in the waste tire can be cut well. Further, due to the elasticity of the disk plate 61, the cutting blade portion 41 of the elastic rotating cutter 21 is brought into sliding contact with a part of the cutting blade portion 34 of the rigid rotating cutter 22 while being lightly pressed, thereby cutting blade portions 41, 34. It is possible to extend the continuation time in which cutting is possible in a state where the blades are in sliding contact or close to each other, thereby extending the life of the cutting edge portions 41 and 34 against wear.

  At the time of reverse driving, the waste tire is cut by the cutting blade portions 34, 94, 41, and 38 at the meshing portion of the rigid rotating cutter 22 and the elastic fixed cutter 23 and the meshing portion of the elastic rotating cutter 21 and the rigid fixed cutter 24, respectively. The At this time, the cutting blade portions 94 and 41 of the elastic fixed cutter 23 and the elastic rotating cutter 21 are in sliding contact with and close to part of the cutting blade portions 34 and 38 of the rigid rotating cutter 22 and the rigid fixing cutter 24, and the cutting blade portion. Since 94 and 41 are configured to be retractable, it is possible to cut the rubber material of the waste tire and the fine metal wire or the knitted wire inherent in the waste tire. Further, the cutting edge portions 94 and 41 are slidably contacted with the cutting edge portions 34 and 38 by light elasticity by the elasticity of the disc plate 61 and the cutter plate 101, respectively, and can be cut well by being brought into sliding contact and close proximity. The duration, that is, the lifetime can be extended.

  Although the cutting edge portions 41 and 94 of the disc plate 61 and the cutter plate 101 are formed only on the outer peripheral edge portion, they can be provided on the peripheral edge portion on the gap portion 102 side. Thereby, when the cutting edge parts 41 and 94 of an outer edge part are worn out, they can be cut and crushed by the new cutting edge parts 41 and 94 by removing them and mounting them upside down.

[Third embodiment]
A third embodiment of the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the third gap forming structure 53 will be described with reference to FIGS. The same members as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The elastic rotary cutter 21 having the third gap forming structure 53 is spaced from the center hole 62 on the opposed surfaces of the pair of disk plates 61, 61, within a predetermined range from the center hole 62 to the outer periphery, and away from each other toward the outer periphery. Tapered surface portions 71 and 71 each having an inclination angle are formed. A fan-shaped wedge member 72 that is divided into three to six parts (three parts in the drawing) in the circumferential direction to form a gap part 63 is disposed between the tapered surface parts 71 and 71. Further, a plurality of halved female thread portions 73 are formed in the radial direction with respect to the wedge member 72 on the opposing surfaces of the disk plates 61, 61 on the outer peripheral side of the tapered surface portions 71, 71, respectively. A fixing screw (fixing tool) 74 that can fix the wedge member 72 by pressing the wedge member 72 toward the axial center is mounted on the female thread portion 73. An endless lock wire 75 connected by a fastener 75a is stretched over a groove formed in the head of each fixed screw 74 to prevent the fixed screw 74 from coming off. The tapered surface portion 71 is formed in a range slightly wider than the range corresponding to the intermediate ring 25, and the blade edge portion 41 can be moved backward by the elasticity of each disk plate 61.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the third gap forming structure 53 is a tapered surface portion 111 that is inclined so as to be separated from each other toward the proximal end side toward the distal end side on the opposed surfaces of the pair of cutter plates 101. Are formed, and the wedge member 112 is disposed between the tapered surface portions 111 to form the gap portion 102. A plurality of halved female screw portions 113 are formed opposite to each other on the front surface side of the tapered surface portion 111 on the opposed surface of the cutter plate 101, and the wedge member 112 can be pressed and fixed to the female screw portion 73 toward the proximal end side. A fixing screw (fixing tool) 114 is attached. In addition, a lock wire 115 connected to a fastener 115a is stretched over a groove formed in the head of each fixed screw 114, and the fixed screw 114 is fixed.

  According to the biaxial crusher provided with the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the third gap forming structure 53, the same as the biaxial crusher provided with the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the first and second gap forming structures 53. An effect can be produced.

  When the cutting edge portions 41 and 94 are worn, the lock wires 75 and 115 are removed, the fixing screws 74 and 114 are slightly tightened, and the wedge members 72 and 112 are pushed in, so that the gap portions 63 and 102 are slightly expanded. The cutting blade portions 41 and 94 can be protruded to maintain the sliding contact or proximity state.

[Fourth embodiment]
A fourth embodiment including the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the fourth gap forming structure 54 will be described with reference to FIGS. The same members as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The elastic rotary cutter 21 having the fourth gap forming structure 54 is for sealing formed on the opposing surfaces of the pair of separation discs 61, 61 over the entire circumference in the outer peripheral portion separated from the center hole 62 having the oil seal by a predetermined distance. Grooves 82, 82, a seal ring 83 with an oil seal slidably fitted between these seal grooves 82, 82, and a gap 63 formed on the inner periphery side of the seal ring 83 and the center hole A holding pressure oil supply path comprising an annular gap holding oil chamber 81, an oil supply hole 84a in the axial center of the second rotating shaft 15B, and a distribution hole 84b communicating with the gap holding oil chamber 81 from the oil supply hole 84a. 84. Although not shown, the oil supply hole 84a end of the second rotating shaft 15B is connected to a hydraulic supply pipe for supplying pressure oil of a predetermined pressure from a hydraulic pump or a hydraulic accumulator through a rotary joint. It has been.

  Therefore, a predetermined pressure of pressurized oil is supplied from the oil supply hole 84a to the gap holding oil chamber 81 through the distribution hole 84b, and the gap holding oil chamber 81 is pressurized in the direction of separating the disc plates 61 and 61 to form the gap. The part 63 is expanded and held.

Here, the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the second gap forming structure 54 is employed.
According to the biaxial crusher including the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the fourth gap forming structure 54 and the elastic fixed cutter 23, the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the first to third gap forming structures 51 to 53 is provided. The same effect as a biaxial crusher can be produced.

[Fifth embodiment]
A fifth embodiment of the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the first elastic support mechanism 55 will be described with reference to FIGS. The same members as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The elastic rotary cutter 21 having the first elastic support mechanism 55 is formed with a locking groove 121 on the entire outer periphery of the pair of disk plates 61 so as to face the entire periphery, and a disc spring ( The disc plate 61, 61 is urged in a relative direction along the second rotation shaft 15B, and the gap 63 is expanded. The disc spring 61 improves the elasticity of the disc plate 61 by the disc spring 122 so that the cutting blade portion 41 of the elastic rotating cutter 21 can be moved to one of the cutting blade portions 34 and 38 of the rigid rotating cutter 22 and the rigid fixed cutter 24 in a light pressure state. Each can be slid in contact with the part.

  The elastic fixed cutter 23 having the first elastic support mechanism 55 forms a locking groove 131 that is opposed to each other over the entire length at the front end edge of the pair of cutter plates 101, and a disc spring (spring member) is formed between the locking grooves 131. ) 132 is engaged, and the cutter plates 101 and 101 are urged in the relative direction along the second rotation shaft 15 </ b> B to widen the gap 102. The disc spring 132 improves the elasticity of the cutter plate 101 so that the cutting blade portion 94 of the cutter plate 101 can be brought into sliding contact with a part of the cutting blade portion 34 of the rigid rotating cutter 22 in a light pressure state. it can.

  According to the above configuration, the first elastic support mechanism 55 by the disc springs 122 and 132 has a simple structure, and a part of the cutting blade portions 41, 34, 38, and 94 are slidably contacted in a light pressure state. , The metal fine wire and the knitted wire can be cut even better, and the pressure force between the cutting blade portions 41, 34, 38, 94 can be adjusted by replacing them with disc springs 122, 132 having different elastic coefficients. Thus, the elasticity of the disk plate 61 and the cutter plate 101 can be adjusted. Further, when the cutting blade portions 41, 34, 38, 94 are worn, the sliding contact state of the cutting blade portions 41, 34, 38, 94 is continued for a long time by replacing them with disc springs 122, 132 having a little elastic force. And good sharpness can be maintained for a long time.

The elastic rotary cutter 21 and the elastic fixed cutter 23 employ the second gap holding mechanism 52, but may be the first gap holding mechanism 51.
[Sixth embodiment]
A sixth embodiment of the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the second elastic support mechanism 56 will be described with reference to FIGS. The same members as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Here, the above-described second gap holding mechanism 52 is employed for the elastic rotating cutter 21 and the elastic fixed cutter 23.

  The elastic rotary cutter 21 having the second elastic support mechanism 56 is used for elastically supporting the disk plate 61 by hydraulic pressure so that the disk plate 61 can be pressurized and depressurized in a gap 63 of the disk plate 61 formed by a spacer ring 64 having an oil seal. An oil chamber is provided. In other words, an annular seal groove 141 is formed in the same axial center as the second rotating shaft 15B in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the gap portion 63 of the disk plate 61, and a seal ring having an oil seal across the pair of seal grooves 141. 142 is fitted so that it can be displaced in the axial direction. A pressure receiving groove 143 is formed on the inner surface of the seal ring 142 on the opposing surface of the disk plates 61 and 61 in the same axial center, and the inside of the gap 63 including the pressure receiving groove 143 is formed in the elastic oil chamber 144. . Further, the second rotation shaft 15B includes an oil supply hole 146a formed in the axial center portion, and a distribution hole 146b formed in the second rotation shaft 15B and the spacer ring 64 to communicate the oil supply hole 146a and the elastic oil chamber 144. An elastic pressure oil supply path 146 and a pressure oil elasticity holding means that elastically supports the hydraulic pressure in the elastic oil chamber 144 and can change the hydraulic pressure are connected to the elastic pressure oil supply path 146. This pressure oil elastic holding means is constituted by, for example, a diaphragm type hydraulic accumulator 145, a diaphragm type cylinder, or the like, but if it can elastically support the hydraulic pressure in the elastic oil chamber 144 within a predetermined range, It is not limited to.

  Therefore, the pressure oil in the elastic oil chamber 144 improves the elasticity of the disk plate 61, and the cutting blade portion 41 of the elastic rotating cutter 21 is replaced with the cutting blades of the rigid rotating cutter 22 and the rigid fixed cutter 24 in a light pressure state. Each of the portions 34 and 38 can be slidably contacted. Further, when the cutting blade portion 41 of the elastic rotary cutter 21 is worn, the pressure oil elasticity holding means slightly raises the pressure of the elastic oil chamber 144 so that the cutting blade portion 41 is slightly protruded and the cutting blade portion 41 is lightened. It is possible to maintain sliding and proximity in a pressurized state.

  According to the above configuration, the cutting blade portion 41 is fixed to the rigid rotating cutter 22 and the rigid fixed cutter 24 in a state where the pressure oil elastic holding means for making the hydraulic pressure in the elastic oil chamber 144 elastic is lightly pressurized. It is possible to slidably contact a part of each of the cutting blade portions 34 and 38, improve the sharpness, and cut the metallic fine wire and the knitted wire more satisfactorily. Further, it is possible to easily adjust the pressurizing force between the cutting blade portions by changing the hydraulic pressure, and when the cutting blade portion 41 is worn, pressurizing the elastic oil chamber 144 causes the cutting blade portion 41 to protrude. Thus, the sliding contact state and good sharpness of the cutting edge portion 41 can be maintained for a long time.

[Seventh embodiment]
A seventh embodiment of the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the elastic fixed cutter 23 having a gap adjusting mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS. The same members as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the elastic rotary cutter 21 having the gap adjusting mechanism, the gap 63 is formed by the spacer ring 64 interposed in the outer periphery of the center hole 62 of the disk plates 61, 61, and the second gap holding mechanism 52 is adopted. Yes. On the outer peripheral side of the spacer ring 64, taper surface portions 151 and 151 having inclination angles in directions away from each other toward the outer peripheral side are formed in predetermined ranges on the opposing surfaces of the disk plates 61 and 61, respectively. A fan-shaped wedge member 152 is provided between the tapered surface portions 151 and 151 so that the gap portion 63 is expanded and the cutting blade portion 41 can be adjusted to be retracted. It is divided into six parts (three parts in the figure) and is arranged so as to be freely retractable in the radial direction. Further, on the outer peripheral side of the wedge member 152, a plurality of halved female screw portions 153 are formed in the radial direction on the opposing surface of the disk plates 61, 61 with respect to the wedge member 152, and the wedge member 152 is formed on these female screw portions 153. A fixing screw (fixing tool) 154 that can be fixed by pressing to the axial center side is mounted. An endless lock wire 75 connected by a fastener 155a is stretched over a groove formed in the head of each fixing screw 154, and the fixing screw 74 is fixed.

Therefore, the wedge member 152 can be moved out of and retracted by the fixing screw 154 to expand and contract the gap 63, thereby adjusting the cutting edge 41.
As shown in FIG. 27, the elastic fixed cutter 23 having the gap adjusting mechanism 57 has an inclination angle that is separated from the tip end side of the spacer plate 103 toward the tip end side of the spacer plate 103 at the gap portion 102 between the pair of cutter plates 101, 101. The tapered surface portion 161 is formed, and the gap portion 102 is formed by the wedge member 162 disposed between the tapered surface portions 161. A plurality of halved female screw portions 113 are formed on the front surface side of the tapered surface portion 161 on the opposed surfaces of the cutter plates 101, 101, and fixing screws that can fix the wedge member 72 by pressing the wedge member 72 toward the proximal end side by these female screw portions 73. (Fixing tool) 164 is mounted. In addition, a lock wire 165 stretched by a mounting screw 165a is stretched over a groove formed in the head of each fixed screw 164, and the fixed screw 164 is fixed.

Therefore, the wedge member 162 can be moved out of and retracted by the fixing screw 164 to expand and contract the gap portion 102, thereby adjusting the cutting edge portion 94.
According to the biaxial crusher provided with the elastic rotary cutter 21 and the elastic fixed cutter 22 having the gap adjusting mechanism 57, in addition to the effects of the above embodiment, when the cutting blade portions 41, 94 are worn, the lock wire 155 165, the fixing screws 154 and 164 are rotated and protruded, and the wedge members 152 and 162 are slightly pushed in, so that the cutting blade portions 41 and 94 are protruded, and the rigid rotary cutter 23 and the rigid fixed cutter 24 are The cutting blade portions 34 and 38 can be brought into sliding contact with each other or close to each other, and good sharpness can be continued for a long time.

  In the first to seventh embodiments, the elastic rotating cutter 21 and the rigid rotating cutter 22 and the elastic fixing cutter 23 and the rigid fixing cutter 24 are arranged in pairs, but the elastic rotating cutter 21 is replaced with the rigid rotating cutter 22. Instead of the rigid fixed cutter 24, an elastic fixed cutter 23 may be employed, and all may be an elastic cutter.

  In the first to seventh embodiments, the rotary cutter mounted on the two rotary shafts has been described. However, a rotary cutter mounted on one or more rotary shafts and a fixed cutter meshing with the rotary cutter are provided. You may provide an elastic rotary cutter and an elastic fixed cutter in the crusher which has.

  Furthermore, when there is a possibility that the waste tire which is the object to be crushed is ignited by being heated by the sliding contact of the cutting edge portions 34, 38, 41, 94, cooling air or cooling water is supplied to the rotary cutters 21, 22, Cooling may be performed by spraying on the fixed cutters 23 and 24, or by forming cooling passages in the first and second rotating shafts 15A and 15B and the mounting member 26 to supply cooling water or cooling oil.

12 casing 13 drive motor 15A first rotating shaft 15B second rotating shaft 21 elastic rotating cutter 22 rigid rotating cutter 23 elastic fixed cutter 24 rigid fixed cutter 25 intermediate ring (intermediate member)
26 Mounting member 27 Intermediate block 31 Disc main body 32 Center hole 33 Edge blade portion 34 Cutting blade portion 36 Cutter block main body 38 Cutting blade portion 41 Cutting blade portion 42 Slit (gap portion)
43 Separating disk portion 44 Center hole 45 Base portion 46 Blade portion 51 First gap forming structure 52 Second gap forming structure 53 Third gap forming structure 54 Fourth gap forming structure 55 First elastic support mechanism 56 Second elastic support mechanism 57 Gap adjustment mechanism 61 Disk plate 62 Center hole 63 Gap part 64 Spacer ring 65 Center hole 71 Tapered surface part 72 Wedge member 74 Fixing screw 75 Lock wire 81 Gap holding oil chamber 83 Seal ring 84 Holding pressure Oil supply path 91 Base 92 Cutter plate (separation plate)
93 Slit (Cavity)
94 Cutting edge 101 Cutter plate (separation plate)
102 Gap part 103 Spacer plate 111 Tapered surface part 112 Wedge member 114 Fixing screw 115 Lock wire 121 Locking groove 122 Disc spring (spring member)
131 Locking groove 132 Disc spring (spring member)
142 Seal ring 144 Elastic oil chamber 145 Hydraulic accumulator 146 Elastic pressure oil supply passage 151 Tapered surface portion 152 Wedge member 154 Fixing screw (fixing tool)
155 Lock wire 161 Tapered surface portion 162 Wedge member 164 Fixing screw (fixing tool)
165 Lock wire

Claims (10)

The rotary cutter is a blade structure of a crusher attached to each of a plurality of rotary shafts parallel to each other so that the rotary cutters of adjacent rotary shafts alternately mesh with each other,
The rotating cutter attached to at least one of the adjacent rotating shafts is an elastic rotating cutter,
The elastic rotary cutter is provided with a pair of separation discs arranged across an annular gap along a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis, and the rotation cutters of adjacent rotation shafts provided at the outer peripheral edge portions of these separation discs. A cutting blade portion facing a part of the cutting blade portion,
Crushing characterized in that the cutting blade portion is configured to be brought into sliding contact with or close to a part of a cutting blade portion of a rotating cutter of an adjacent rotating shaft, and to be retractable to the gap portion side by the elasticity of the separation disk. Machine blade structure. The first void forming structure that forms the void portion is:
The crushing according to claim 1, comprising: a base portion having a central hole fitted to the rotating shaft; and a pair of separation disk portions extending integrally from both sides of the base portion with a gap portion therebetween. Machine blade structure. The second void forming structure that forms the void portion is:
A pair of disk plates having a central hole into which the rotating shaft is fitted;
The blade structure of the crusher according to claim 1, comprising a spacer ring interposed between the disk plates. The third void forming structure forming the void portion is
A pair of disk plates having a center hole into which the rotating shaft is fitted, a tapered surface portion formed around the center hole on the opposing surface of these disk plates and spaced apart from each other toward the outer peripheral side, and a plurality of interposed interposed between the tapered surface portions The blade structure of the crusher according to claim 1, comprising: a wedge member; and a fixture for fixing the wedge member. The fourth void forming structure forming the void portion is
A pair of disk plates having a center hole into which the rotation shaft is fitted, an annular gap holding oil chamber formed between the opposing surfaces of these disk boards, and pressure oil is supplied to the gap holding oil chamber The blade structure of the crusher according to claim 1, wherein the blade structure is formed by a holding pressure oil supply passage that holds the gap portion. The blade structure of the crusher according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a spring member that urges the separation disk portion or the disk plate in the expanding direction is provided around the center hole in the gap portion. An oil chamber for expansion formed on the back side of the cutting edge portion in the gap,
An expansion pressure oil supply passage for supplying pressure oil to the expansion oil chamber and urging the cutting edge portion of the disk plate in the expansion direction;
The blade structure of the crusher according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising pressure oil elastic holding means for elastically holding the oil pressure of the oil chamber for expansion. In the gap, a gap adjustment mechanism is provided that can adjust the position of the separation disk or the cutting edge of the disk plate.
The gap adjustment mechanism is
Tapered surface portions that are formed on the opposing surface of the separation disk portion or the disk plate over the entire circumference and are separated from each other toward the outer peripheral side, a plurality of wedge members that are interposed between the tapered surface portions, and the wedge members can be adjusted in and out. The blade structure of the crusher according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by comprising a fixing tool for fixing. The blade structure of the crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a blade portion is formed on an outer peripheral portion of the rotary cutter. A fixed cutter is arranged on each side of the rotary cutter so as to engage with the rotary cutter alternately.
At least one of the rotary cutters is an elastic fixed cutter,
The elastic fixed cutter includes a pair of separation plates arranged with a gap along a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis, and a pair of separation plates provided on the front end side of the pair of separation plates and part of the cutting blade portion of the rotation cutter. A facing cutting edge part,
The cutting blade portion is configured to be in sliding contact with or close to a part of the cutting blade portion provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the rotary cutter, and to be retractable to the gap portion side by the elasticity of the separation plate. The blade structure of the crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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