JP2011120670A - Sprinkler head - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sprinkler head which operates stably, has excellent reliability and has a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: The sprinkler head 10 stops water W for fire-fighting by sealing a channel F by a sealing plate 16 during a normal situation. During a fire, heat caused by the fire is sensed by a heat-sensitive plate 26 and is transferred to a combustion agent 28 filled inside a combustion chamber 24. Accordingly, when the combustion agent 28 containing an automatic ignition component reaches or exceeds a predetermined temperature, the combustion agent 28 ignites, the sealing plate 16 is fractured by the explosion pressure or gas pressure and the channel F is unsealed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sprinkler head that performs fire extinguishing by sprinkling water for extinguishing when a fire occurs.

  The sprinkler head is disposed at a predetermined position in the sprinkler pipe. The sprinkler head normally stops the high-pressure fire-fighting water filled in the sprinkler pipe, and releases the high-pressure fire-fighting water to sprinkle and extinguish the fire in the event of a fire. In general, the sprinkler head has a structure having a water stop portion for sealing water by sealing a nozzle with a valve body and a thermal decomposition portion. The thermal decomposition unit normally holds the water stop so that the valve element is pressed against the nozzle, and in the event of a fire, the thermal decomposition unit is activated and decomposed by the heat from the fire to release the water stop. Thereby, a valve body is open | released from a nozzle and water for fire extinguishing is sprinkled.

  Thermal materials used in the thermal decomposition part of the sprinkler head include liquids and low melting point alloys. As the liquid heat-sensitive material, usually, a volatile liquid such as alcohol or ether is used. A sprinkler head using such a liquid in the thermal decomposition part is called a glass bulb type. In this glass valve type sprinkler head, a glass ampule is filled with a liquid together with a small amount of air, and this ampule holds a valve body. In the event of a fire, the internal pressure of the ampoule increases due to the vaporization of the liquid inside, destroying the ampoule. Thereby, a valve body is open | released and water is sprinkled (for example, refer patent document 1).

  On the other hand, the sprinkler head using a low melting point alloy for the thermal decomposition part is divided into a fusible link type and a compression type.

  The fusible link type sprinkler head has a fusible link in which two metal plates are bonded with a low melting point alloy. In this sprinkler head, a lever is engaged with the end of each metal plate, and one lever holds the valve body, and the other lever contacts the head main body and holds the valve body. I support. When a fire occurs, the low melting point alloy is melted by the heat of the fire, the fusible link is separated and the lever is released, so that the valve body is opened and water is sprinkled (for example, see Patent Document 2).

  On the other hand, the compression-type sprinkler head has a cylinder filled with a low melting point alloy and a plunger that presses the low melting point alloy so as to compress it. In this sprinkler head, the thermal decomposition part assembled by many components including these cylinders and plungers has a structure for holding the water stop part. In the event of a fire, the low melting point alloy in the cylinder melts and the plunger immerses in the cylinder, causing the components of the thermal decomposition part to break up and disassemble, releasing the water retaining part and releasing water. Water is sprayed (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP-A-11-285547 JP-A-5-345047 JP 2008-194481 A

  As described above, the glass bulb type sprinkler head has a structure in which the liquid in the ampule is vaporized and the ampule is destroyed by the pressure. For this reason, only a slight difference in the thickness / strength of the ampule, the amount of liquid inside, the amount of air, etc. results in variations in the time until the ampule breaks. As a result, there is a problem in that it does not always operate at a constant temperature and lacks stability.

  On the other hand, the fusible link type sprinkler head uses a low melting point alloy in the thermal decomposition part, and the low melting point alloy has a melting point determined by the blending composition, blending ratio, etc. There is an advantage that the temperature hardly varies and the stability is excellent. However, since the force for sealing the valve element is always applied to the adhesive part of the fusible link's low-melting-point alloy, a creep phenomenon occurs due to part deformation / deterioration over a long period of time. May peel off, and there is a problem of lack of reliability.

  On the other hand, the compression type sprinkler head uses a low melting point alloy as in the fusible link type, and therefore the operating temperature is accurate. In addition, the structure is such that a low melting point alloy is filled in a cylinder and pressed by a plunger, so even if a force acts on the low melting point alloy for a long time, the creep phenomenon does not occur and the reliability is excellent. . However, the compression-type sprinkler head has a structure in which the thermal decomposition section is elaborately assembled by a large number of precision parts, and the following problems arise due to the complexity of such a structure. It was. In other words, when an impact is applied to the head, there is an adverse effect such as a shift between the components of the thermal decomposition unit that is assembled in a complicated manner or a change in the familiarity between the components. There is a possibility that the holding force to be held down may cause water leakage, and it is vulnerable to impact.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a sprinkler head that operates stably, has excellent reliability, and has a simple structure.

  In order to achieve the above object, a sprinkler head according to a first aspect of the present invention is a sprinkler head that stops high-pressure fire-fighting water filled in a sprinkler pipe in a normal state and sprinkles the fire-fighting water in the event of a fire. The nozzle connected to the sprinkler pipe, the housing provided at the tip of the nozzle, and provided in the nozzle or the housing, and sealing the fire-extinguishing water flow path to stop the water. In the state where the flow path is sealed by the sealing plate in the housing, the combustion agent is burned in a combustion chamber located on the downstream side of the sealing plate. An opening device for opening the flow path is provided.

  The sprinkler head of the first invention of the present application stops the high-pressure fire-fighting water filled in the sprinkler pipe by a sealing plate that seals the flow path in normal times. On the other hand, when a fire occurs, an unsealing device provided in the housing opens the flow path by burning the combustion agent in the combustion chamber located downstream of the sealing plate in a state where the flow path is sealed. Thereby, water for fire extinguishing is sprinkled and fire extinguishing is performed.

  An explosive or a gas generating agent can be used as the burning agent, and the opening device opens the flow path with its explosive pressure if it is explosive, or with the gas pressure if it is a gas generating agent. Here, when the operation method of the unsealing device is a method in which, for example, a sensor means for detecting heat due to a fire is separately provided and the combustant is burned by the operation signal, the operation temperature is substantially constant. In addition, for example, when a thermal plate is provided in the opening device and combustion is started when the combustor containing the automatic ignition component reaches a predetermined temperature by heat transfer from the thermal plate, the type of the automatic ignition component In addition, since the combustion start temperature of the combustor is determined by the mixing ratio and the like, the operating temperature is less likely to vary. Therefore, the sprinkler head of the first invention of the present application is excellent in operation stability. In addition, since the flow path can be opened instantly by combustion of the combustion agent, fire extinguishing can be performed early. Furthermore, after the sealing plate is opened, the water for fire extinguishing can be allowed to flow into the combustion chamber or the periphery of the combustion chamber to cool the combustion agent, so that the temperature of the combustion agent can be prevented from rising more than necessary, and safety can be improved. high.

  In addition, since the structure is such that the flow path is sealed with a sealing plate and water is shut off, the sealing plate is made of a material with high strength such as steel, so that the force of high-pressure fire-fighting water can act for a long time. Even so, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a creep phenomenon due to component deformation / deterioration, and the reliability is also excellent.

  Furthermore, since the flow path is opened by combustion of the combustion agent, it is sufficient that the opening device has a combustion chamber filled with the combustion agent on the downstream side of the sealing plate, which greatly simplifies the structure. can do. As a result, since it is not necessary to have a structure in which precise parts are assembled as in the compression type, a structure resistant to impact can be obtained. Further, unlike the conventional sprinkler head, the heat-sensitive decomposition part is not structured to be decomposed and dropped, so that it is possible to minimize component scattering during operation. Furthermore, since high component accuracy is not required and the number of components can be reduced, man-hours and costs required for assembly can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the sprinkler head of the first invention of the present application, it can operate stably, has excellent reliability, and can simplify the structure.

  The sprinkler head according to a second aspect of the present invention is the sprinkler head according to the first aspect, wherein the unsealing device has a heat sensitive plate that senses heat caused by a fire, and the combustion agent contains an auto-ignition component by heat transfer from the heat sensitive plate. When the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature or more, the combustion agent is burned to open the flow path.

  In the sprinkler head according to the second invention of the present application, the unsealing device has a heat sensitive plate, and the combustible material is burned when the combustible material containing the auto-ignition component exceeds a predetermined temperature due to heat transfer from the heat sensitive plate. To open the channel. Since the combustion start temperature of the combustion agent is determined by the type of the auto-ignition component, its blending ratio, and the like, the operation temperature can be stabilized by adopting the above configuration. Further, compared with a structure in which a separate sensor unit is provided and operated by an operation signal, the sensor unit, circuit / wiring, and the like are not required, so that further simplification of the structure and cost reduction can be achieved. Furthermore, if a material with good thermal conductivity is used for the heat sensitive plate, heat from the fire can be quickly transferred to the combustion agent, so that a great effect can be expected in improving operational stability and early fire extinguishing.

  The sprinkler head according to a third aspect of the present invention is the sprinkler head according to the first aspect, wherein the unsealing device burns the combustion agent and unseals the flow path by an operation signal from a sensor means for detecting heat due to a fire. To do.

  In the sprinkler head of the third invention of the present application, sensor means for detecting heat due to a fire is separately provided, and when a fire occurs, this sensor means outputs an operation signal to the opening device of the sprinkler head. When the opening signal is inputted from the sensor means, the unsealing device burns the combustion agent and opens the flow path. By using the sensor means in this way, the sprinkler head can be operated at a substantially constant operating temperature, so that the operation stability can be further enhanced.

  A sprinkler head according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the sprinkler head according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the sealing plate is made of a metal material and is fixed to the housing by welding. The channel is opened by breaking the plate.

  In the sprinkler head of the fourth invention of the present application, the opening device breaks the sealing plate by burning the combustion agent, thereby opening the flow path. Thus, by setting it as the structure which fractures | ruptures a sealing board, the sealing of the flow path by a sealing board can be cancelled | released reliably. In addition, since the sealing plate made of a metal material is firmly fixed to the housing by welding and sealed, for example, the sealing plate is pressed against the tip of the nozzle and sealed, so that an external impact is applied. Therefore, there is no deviation between the sealing plate and the nozzle, and the risk of water leakage can be greatly reduced.

  The sprinkler head according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the sprinkler head according to the fourth aspect, wherein the sealing plate has a breaking groove, and the unsealing device breaks the sealing plate along the breaking groove. It is characterized by opening the road.

  In the sprinkler head according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a breaking groove is formed in the sealing plate in advance, and the opening device opens the flow path by breaking the sealing plate along the breaking groove. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform the breakage of the sealing plate smoothly, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of poor opening. In addition, the shape, size, number, etc., of the sealing plate after rupture can be adjusted by the shape of the rupture groove, for example, adjusting the flow rate of fire-fighting water by adjusting the opening area of the flow channel after opening, for example And so on. Further, there is an effect that the strength of the sealing plate can be adjusted according to the width, depth, length, etc. of the fracture groove.

  A sprinkler head according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the sprinkler head according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the unsealing device has the combustion chamber therein and supports at least a part of the sealing plate on the upper surface. The support is deformed by combustion of the combustion agent, and the flow path is opened by releasing the support of the sealing plate.

  In the sprinkler head of the sixth invention of the present application, the unsealing device has a substantially box-shaped support that supports at least a part of the sealing plate on the upper surface. This support body has a combustion chamber inside thereof, and is deformed by combustion of the combustion agent when a fire occurs, thereby releasing the support of the sealing plate. Thereby, a sealing board is fractured | ruptured with the pressure of the water for fire extinguishing, and a flow path is opened.

  By adopting such a structure, combustion of the combustion agent can be performed only in the internal space of the support body, so that combustion gas and exhaust gas can be prevented from being discharged to the outside.

  The sprinkler head according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the sprinkler head according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the housing has a water discharge hole that is formed at predetermined intervals at a plurality of circumferential positions on the side surface and that discharges the fire-fighting water to the outside. It is characterized by that.

  In the sprinkler head according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when the flow path is opened in the event of a fire, the fire-fighting water supplied from the sprinkler pipe passes through the nozzle and the flow path in the housing, and is predetermined at a plurality of circumferential positions on the side surface of the housing. It is discharged to the outside through water discharge holes formed at intervals. In this way, by having a structure that discharges fire-extinguishing water to the surroundings from a plurality of water discharge holes provided on the side surface of the housing, for example, compared to a structure that discharges fire-extinguishing water downward from the nozzle and collides with a water spray plate Since the water can be dispersed in all directions before colliding with the water spray plate, the fire-fighting water can be effectively dispersed.

  The sprinkler head according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the seventh aspect of the present invention, the sprinkler head includes a watering plate that disperses the fire-fighting water discharged from the water discharge holes.

  In the sprinkler head according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the fire-fighting water discharged to the periphery from the water discharge hole of the housing collides with the water spray plate and is further dispersed. Thereby, the water for fire extinguishing can be disperse | distributed effectively and a fire extinguishing function can be improved.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to operate stably, to have excellent reliability, and to simplify the structure.

It is a sectional side view which shows the schematic structure of the sprinkler head of this embodiment. It is a perspective view showing the external appearance structure of the sealing board seen from the direction which becomes lower when it incorporates in a sprinkler head. It is a sectional side view showing the operating state of a sprinkler head. It is a sectional side view of a sprinkler head in the case of fixing a sealing board to an annular support member. It is a perspective view which represents roughly the external appearance structure of a supporting member and a sealing board. It is a sectional side view showing the operation state of a sprinkler head in the case of fixing a sealing board to an annular support member. It is a sectional side view of the sprinkler head in the case of opening by deforming the support that supports the sealing plate. It is side sectional drawing showing the operation state of a sprinkler head in the case of opening by deforming the support body which supports a sealing plate. It is a sectional side view of a sprinkler head in the case of opening by the operation signal from a sensor means. It is side sectional drawing showing the operation state of a sprinkler head in the case of opening by the operation signal from a sensor means.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, “up” and “down” used to indicate the direction in the space correspond directly to the “up” and “down” directions in each figure.

  FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic structure of a sprinkler head 10 of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the external configuration of the sealing plate 16 as viewed from the lower side when assembled into the sprinkler head 10.

  The sprinkler head 10 of this embodiment is a so-called closed type sprinkler head used in wet sprinkler equipment. Although illustration is omitted, generally, the sprinkler equipment is constituted by a water source such as a water storage tank, a pump, sprinkler piping, a sprinkler head, and the like. The sprinkler head is attached to a predetermined position of a sprinkler pipe disposed inside the ceiling, for example, and this sprinkler pipe is connected to a pump. In wet sprinkler equipment, fire water is filled in sprinkler piping. This fire-extinguishing water is always kept pressurized by the pump, and the high-pressure fire-extinguishing water is stopped by the sprinkler head itself. When a fire breaks out, the sprinkler head releases high-pressure fire-fighting water and sprinkles to extinguish the fire. When the water pressure inside the sprinkler pipe decreases due to water spraying from the sprinkler head, the pump is started. Then, the fired water from the water source is fed into the sprinkler pipe by the activated pump, and water spraying from the sprinkler head is continued.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sprinkler head 10 has a nozzle 12, a housing 14, and a sealing plate 16. The nozzle 12 is a substantially cylindrical member opened at both ends in the vertical direction, and the housing 14 is a bottomed cylindrical member having an upper end opened and a bottom portion 14a at the lower end. A screw portion (not shown) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the nozzle 12, and is connected to an attachment port (not shown) of the sprinkler pipe by screwing. Further, a female screw portion (not shown) is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the mouth portion 12a which is the lower end of the nozzle 12, and a male screw portion (not shown) corresponding to this is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the housing 14. Has been. The housing 14 is connected to the tip of the nozzle 12 by screwing these screw portions at the screwing portion 18.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the sealing plate 16 has a disk shape and is made of a metal material having a high strength such as steel. The sealing plate 16 is fixed to the upper end of the housing 14 by welding, and the housing 14 is connected to the mouth portion 12a of the nozzle 12 so that the flow path F of the fire-extinguishing water W is sealed and water is stopped. At this time, a sealing material (not shown) such as an O-ring is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate 16 to improve the sealing performance. Further, a fracture groove 20 is formed on the lower surface 16a of the sealing plate 16 which is the lower side when the sealing plate 16 is incorporated in the sprinkler head 10. This breaking groove 20 is a groove for smoothly breaking the sealing plate 16 by an unsealing device 22 to be described later. In this example, the breaking groove 20 is positioned at the center line so as to bisect the sealing plate 16. One is formed in a straight line. The width and depth of the fracture groove 20 are adjusted so that the sealing plate 16 has an appropriate strength in consideration of the pressure of fire-extinguishing water, the amount of a combustion agent 28 of the opening device 22 described later, and the like.

  In the above description, the sealing plate 16 is fixed to the upper end of the housing 14, but may be fixed to the nozzle 12 side. Alternatively, the sealing plate 16 may be fixed in such a manner that an annular receiving portion is formed inside the nozzle 12 without being fixed to either, and sandwiched between the receiving portion of the nozzle 12 and the upper end portion of the housing 14. .

  The fracture groove 20 is not necessarily formed, but is preferably formed in order to smoothly break the sealing plate 16. In particular, by forming the breaking groove 20, the shape, size, number, etc. of the sealing plate 16 after breaking can be adjusted, so that the number can be increased or bent / curved according to such purposes. For example, the shape of the fracture groove 20 may be set as appropriate.

  An opening device 22 is provided on the radial center side of the housing 14. The opening device 22 is a device that opens the flow path F of the fire-extinguishing water W by breaking the sealing plate 16, and includes a combustion chamber 24 and a heat sensitive plate 26. The combustion chamber 24 is provided through the bottom 14 a of the housing 14 and is located on the downstream side of the sealing plate 16. The combustion chamber 24 is filled with a combustion agent 28, and the upper end of the combustion chamber 24 is opened near the lower surface 16 a of the sealing plate 16. By adopting such a structure, as will be described later, most of the blast and gas generated by the combustion of the combustion agent 28 collide with the sealing plate 16, and the explosion pressure and gas pressure are used to break the sealing plate 16. While being able to act effectively, a part of the blast or gas flows out of the space between the upper end of the combustion chamber 24 and the lower surface 16a of the sealing plate 16 around the combustion chamber 24 to prevent moisture absorption described later. The seal 34 can be opened.

  A heat sensitive plate 26 is provided in contact with the bottom 24 a of the combustion chamber 24. The heat sensitive plate 26 is made of a metal material having a high thermal conductivity, senses heat from a fire, and transfers the heat to the combustion agent 28.

  As the combustion agent, explosives and / or gas generating agents can be used. This combustion agent contains an auto-ignition component, and is ignited when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature due to heat transfer from the heat-sensitive plate 26. The explosive pressure is used for explosives, and the gas pressure is used for gas generating agents. The stop plate 16 is broken along the breaking groove 20. In addition, as a combustion agent of the present embodiment, lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, specified by European Union RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substrates), J-MOSS called Japanese version RoHS, or China version RoHS directive, An explosive or a gas generating agent having a composition that does not contain harmful substances such as polybrominated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether is used.

  On the side surface portion 14b (side surface) of the housing 14, water discharge holes 32 for discharging the fire-extinguishing water W to the outside are formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction at predetermined intervals. These water discharge holes 32 discharge the fire-extinguishing water W supplied from the sprinkler pipe to the periphery of the sprinkler head 10 when the sealing plate 16 is broken and the flow path F is opened in the event of a fire. A moisture absorption prevention seal 34 is attached to the inner peripheral surface side of each water discharge hole 32. The moisture absorption prevention seal 34 seals the water discharge hole 32 so that the combustion agent 28 does not absorb moisture during normal times. When a fire occurs, the water discharge hole 32 is opened by bursting due to an explosion pressure or gas pressure due to combustion of the combustion agent 28.

  On the side surface portion 24 b of the combustion chamber 24, a water spray plate 36 that disperses the fire-extinguishing water W discharged from the water discharge holes 32 is provided. The water spray plate 36 includes a substantially circular disc portion 36a in which an opening that penetrates the combustion chamber 24 is formed in the central portion, and a projection portion that is inclined upward at a predetermined interval around the disc portion 36a. 36b. The fire-extinguishing water W discharged from the water discharge holes 32 to the periphery of the housing 14 is dispersed and sprinkled by colliding with the protrusions 36 b of the water spray plate 36.

  Next, the operation of the sprinkler head 10 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing the operating state of the sprinkler head 10. FIG. 3 (a) shows a normal state, FIG. 3 (b) shows an ignition state, and FIG. 3 (c) shows a state after opening.

  As shown to Fig.3 (a), the channel F is sealed by the sealing board 16 and the water for fire extinguishing W is stopped at normal time. At this time, the water discharge hole 32 of the housing 14 is sealed by the moisture absorption preventing seal 34 as described above.

  When a fire occurs, the heat from the fire is sensed by the heat sensitive plate 26 of the opening device 22 and is transferred to the combustion agent 28 filled in the combustion chamber 24. As a result, when the combustion agent 28 containing the auto-ignition component reaches a predetermined temperature or higher, as shown in FIG. 3B, the combustion chamber 24 located on the downstream side of the sealing plate 16 in a state where the flow path F is sealed. The combustion agent 28 is ignited within. Thereby, if the combustion agent 28 is explosive, the blast is generated, and if it is a gas generating agent, the generated gas is released upward from the opening at the upper end of the combustion chamber 24 and collides with the lower surface 16 a of the sealing plate 16. At this time, a part of the blast or gas flows out around the combustion chamber 24 through a gap between the upper end of the combustion chamber 24 and the lower surface 16 a of the sealing plate 16.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 3C, the sealing plate 16 is broken along the breaking groove 20 by the explosion pressure or gas pressure due to the combustion of the combustor 28, and the flow path F of the fire fighting water W is opened. The At this time, the fractured sealing plate 16 is in a state in which the fracture side is pushed upward while the portion fixed to the upper end of the housing 14 by welding is kept as it is. Further, the moisture absorption prevention seal 34 is ruptured by the blast or gas that has flowed out around the combustion chamber 24 and the water discharge hole 32 is opened. As a result, the fire-extinguishing water W supplied from the sprinkler pipe passes through the nozzle 12 and the flow path F in the housing 14 and is discharged to the outside through the water discharge holes 32 and collides with the protrusions 36b of the water spray plate 36 to spray water. Is done. The fire extinguishing water W also flows into the combustion chamber 24 and cools the combusted material 28 after combustion.

  According to the embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained. That is, in the sprinkler head 10 of this embodiment, when a fire occurs, the heat from the fire is sensed by the heat sensitive plate 26 and is transferred to the combustion agent 28 filled in the combustion chamber 24. As a result, when the combustion agent 28 containing the auto-ignition component reaches a predetermined temperature or more, the combustion agent 28 ignites, the sealing plate 16 is broken by the explosion pressure or the gas pressure, and the flow path F is opened. At this time, since the combustion start temperature of the combustor 28 is determined to be substantially constant depending on the type of the auto-ignition component and the blending ratio thereof, the operating temperature of the sprinkler head 10 is less likely to vary. Therefore, the sprinkler head 10 is excellent in operational stability. Further, since the flow path F can be opened instantly by combustion of the combustion agent 28, fire extinguishing can be performed at an early stage. Furthermore, since the fire extinguishing water W can be flowed into the combustion chamber 24 to cool the combustion agent 28 after opening, the temperature of the combustion agent 28 can be prevented from rising more than necessary, and safety is high.

  Further, the sprinkler head 10 uses a metal plate such as a steel plate having a high strength as the sealing plate 16, and firmly fixes the sealing plate 16 to the housing 14 by welding to stop the fire-extinguishing water W. As a result, even when a force from the high-pressure fire-extinguishing water W acts on the sealing plate 16 for a long period of time, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a creep phenomenon due to component deformation / deterioration and the like, which is excellent in reliability.

  Further, since the flow path F is opened by the combustion of the combustion agent 28, it is sufficient that the opening device 22 includes a combustion chamber 24 filled with the combustion agent 28 on the downstream side of the sealing plate 16, The structure can be greatly simplified. As a result, since it is not necessary to have a structure in which precise parts are assembled as in the compression type, a structure resistant to impact can be obtained. Further, unlike the conventional sprinkler head, the heat-sensitive decomposition part is not structured to be decomposed and dropped, so that it is possible to minimize component scattering during operation. For example, in this embodiment, the only member that scatters together with the fire-extinguishing water W is the ruptured moisture absorption prevention seal 34. Furthermore, since high component accuracy is not required and the number of components can be reduced, man-hours and costs required for assembly can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the sprinkler head 10 of the present embodiment, it is possible to operate stably, to have excellent reliability, and to simplify the structure.

  The following effects can also be obtained. That is, in the conventional sprinkler head using a low-melting-point alloy, there is a problem that when the solder alloy used as the low-melting-point alloy contains a harmful substance such as lead or cadmium, the burden on the environment and the disposal cost increase. When a lead-free solder alloy that does not contain lead, cadmium, or the like is used, there is a problem that the creep characteristics are inferior and the reliability is lowered. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as described above, the explosive or gas generating agent that does not contain harmful substances such as lead and cadmium is used as the combustion agent 28, and the creep characteristics are also improved as described above. Are better. Therefore, it is possible to maintain reliability while reducing environmental burdens and disposal costs.

  Further, as a sprinkler head structure for breaking the sealing plate 16 by the combustion of the combustion agent 28, for example, a structure in which the combustion chamber 28 is installed on the upstream side of the sealing plate 16 can be considered. Is superior in the following points. That is, in this case, the explosion pressure is transmitted to the sealing plate 16 through the water. However, since the explosion pressure is directly transmitted to the fire-extinguishing water, the sprinkler pipes on the upstream side and other devices are adversely affected by pressure fluctuations. There is a fear. In this embodiment, since the combustion chamber 28 is provided on the downstream side of the sealing plate 16, such an influence can be suppressed. Further, when the combustion chamber 28 is provided on the upstream side of the sealing plate 16, the combustion chamber 28 is disposed relatively upward, so that it is difficult to structurally operate by heat transfer from the heat sensitive plate 26 provided at the lower end. Become. For this reason, the system which operates according to the operation signal from the sensor means provided outside is taken, and the range of selection of the operation system is narrowed. On the other hand, in this embodiment, any operation method can be selected, and the selection range is wide. In particular, it is significant to be able to select an operation method by heat transfer from the heat sensitive plate 26, and has a great effect on simplification of the structure as will be described later.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, the unsealing device 22 has a heat sensitive plate 26, and when the combustant 28 including the auto-ignition component becomes a predetermined temperature or higher due to heat transfer from the heat sensitive plate 26, the combustor. 28 is burned to open the flow path F. This eliminates the need for a thermal sensor, a circuit, wiring, etc., compared to a structure in which a thermal sensor is separately provided and the unsealing device 22 is activated by an actuation signal, thereby further simplifying the structure and reducing costs. Furthermore, since a material having a high thermal conductivity is used for the heat sensitive plate 26, heat from a fire can be quickly transferred to the combustion agent 28, and a great effect can be expected for improvement in operational stability and early fire extinguishing.

  In this embodiment, in particular, the opening device 22 breaks the sealing plate 16 to open the flow path F. Thus, by making the structure which fractures | ruptures the sealing plate 16, the sealing of the flow path F by the sealing plate 16 can be cancelled | released reliably. Further, since the sealing plate 16 made of a metal material is firmly fixed to the housing 14 by welding and sealed, for example, the sealing plate 16 is pressed against the tip of the nozzle 12 and sealed. There is no occurrence of displacement between the sealing plate 16 and the nozzle 12 due to an external impact, and the risk of water leakage can be greatly reduced.

  In this embodiment, in particular, the breaking groove 20 is formed in the sealing plate 16, and the opening device 22 opens the flow path F by breaking the sealing plate 16 along the breaking groove 20. As a result, the sealing plate 16 can be ruptured smoothly, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of poor opening. Moreover, since the shape, size, number, and the like of the sealing plate 16 after rupture can be adjusted by the form of the rupture groove 20, for example, the opening area of the flow path F after opening is adjusted, and the fire fighting water W It is possible to adjust the amount of water flow. In this case, for example, if the explosion pressure or gas pressure by the combustion agent 28 is also adjusted and adjusted to the angle of the sealing plate 16 after opening, it is possible to further finely adjust the water flow rate of the fire-extinguishing water W. In addition, there is an effect that the strength of the sealing plate 16 can be adjusted according to the width, depth, length, and the like of the breaking groove 20.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, water discharge holes 32 are formed at predetermined intervals in a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the side surface portion 14 b of the housing 14, and the fire-extinguishing water W is discharged from these water discharge holes 32 to the surroundings. Thus, for example, compared to a structure in which the fire-extinguishing water W is discharged downward from the nozzle 12 and collides with the water spray plate 36, the water can be dispersed to some extent before colliding with the water spray plate 36. Can be effectively dispersed.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, a water spray plate 36 is provided, and the fire-extinguishing water W discharged to the periphery from the water discharge holes 32 of the housing 14 is collided with the water spray plate 36 and further dispersed. Thereby, the water for fire extinguishing W can be effectively dispersed and the fire extinguishing function can be improved.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and technical idea of the present invention. Hereinafter, such modifications will be described in order.

(1) Case where the sealing plate is fixed to the annular support member FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the sprinkler head 10A of this modification, and FIG. 5 shows the external configuration of the support member 38 and the sealing plate 40. It is a perspective view showing roughly. As shown in FIG. 4, in the sprinkler head 10 </ b> A according to this modification, an annular support member 38 having an opening 38 a at the center is fixed to the upper end of the housing 14 by welding. 40 is fixedly supported. The support member 38 may be fixed to the nozzle 12 side.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the sealing plate 40 has a disc shape and is made of a metal material. The outer diameter of the sealing plate 40 is larger by a predetermined amount than the inner diameter of the opening 38b of the support member 38, and becomes the upper side when the support member 38 is incorporated in the sprinkler head 10 by utilizing the welding allowance. It is fixed to the upper surface 38b by welding so as to close the opening 38a. With such a structure, the housing 14 is connected to the mouth portion 12a of the nozzle 12 so that the sealing plate 40 seals the flow path F of the fire-extinguishing water W and stops water.

  In addition, the thickness of the sealing plate 40 of this modification is thinner than the sealing plate 16 of embodiment mentioned above. In this modification, the portion of the sealing plate 40 that supports the pressure of the fire-extinguishing water W is only the area of the opening 38a, and the entire cross-sectional area of the flow path F is the same as the sealing plate 16 of the above-described embodiment. This is because there is no need to support it. For this reason, the strength of the sealing plate 40 is smaller than that of the sealing plate 16, and the sealing plate 40 is water-stopped in a curved state so as to bulge downward due to the pressure of the fire-extinguishing water W as shown in FIG. To do. About the structure of those other than the above, it is the same as that of the sprinkler head 10 of above-mentioned embodiment.

  Next, the operation of the sprinkler head 10A having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing the operating state of the sprinkler head 10A. FIG. 6 (a) shows a normal state, FIG. 6 (b) shows an ignition state, and FIG. 6 (c) shows a state after opening.

  As shown to Fig.6 (a), the flow path F is sealed by the sealing board 40 and the water for fire extinguishing W is stopped at normal time. At this time, as described above, the sealing plate 40 is curved downward due to the pressure of the fire-extinguishing water W. When a fire occurs, the combustion agent 28 is ignited in the combustion chamber 24 as shown in FIG. 6B, and a blast or gas collides with the sealing plate 40. At this time, since the sealing plate 40 is curved so as to swell downward, an explosion pressure or a gas pressure can be effectively applied to the sealing plate 40. Thereby, as shown in FIG.6 (c), the sealing board 40 fractures | ruptures and the flow path F of the water W for fire extinguishing is opened.

  According to the modification described above, the strength of the sealing plate 40 can be reduced as described above, and accordingly, the amount of the combustion agent 28 required for breaking the sealing plate 40 in the opening device 22 is reduced accordingly. There is an advantage that you can.

(2) When the support body supporting the sealing plate is deformed and opened FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the sprinkler head 10B of this modification. As shown in FIG. 7, in the sprinkler head 10B of this modification, the housing 14 has an inclined surface 14c further below the bottom portion 14a, and the support body 42 of the opening device 22 is supported by the inclined surface 14c. Yes. The support 42 is a substantially box-shaped member having a combustion chamber therein, and the combustion agent 28 is filled in the combustion chamber. Although not shown, the support 42 has a structure in which the side surface 42a bends when the internal pressure is increased by forming a groove in the side surface 42a in a substantially horizontal direction, as shown in FIG. As described above, the combustion agent 28 is deformed so as to be crushed in the vertical direction during combustion.

  Further, the upper portion of the support body 42 is fitted into an opening 44 formed in the bottom portion 14a of the housing 14, so that the upper surface 42b is flush with the inner surface of the bottom portion 14a before the support body 42 is deformed. It is configured. A sealing plate 46 is provided on the bottom portion 14 a of the housing 14 so as to cover the fitting portion of the support 42. The sealing plate 46 has a peripheral portion fixed to the bottom portion 14 a and a central portion supported by the upper surface 42 b of the support 42. Although illustration is omitted, an appropriate sealing material is provided between the peripheral portion of the sealing plate 46 and the bottom portion 14a to enhance the sealing performance. With such a structure, the sealing plate 46 seals the flow path F of the fire-fighting water W and stops water. The sealing plate 46 is configured to have a lower strength than the above-described sealing plate 40 by reducing the thickness or using a material other than metal (such as resin). When 42 is deformed and the support is released, it is broken by the pressure of the fire-extinguishing water W.

  The heat sensitive plate 26 transfers the detected heat from the fire to the combustion agent 28. Further, the water discharge holes 32 are formed at predetermined intervals at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the inclined surface 14 c of the housing 14, and the water spray plate 36 is provided on the inclined surface 14 c of the housing 14. In this modification, since the combustion agent 28 is sealed in the support 42, the moisture absorption preventing seal 34 that seals the water discharge hole 32 is unnecessary. About the structure of those other than the above, it is the same as that of the sprinkler head 10 of above-mentioned embodiment.

  Next, the operation of the sprinkler head 10B having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing the operating state of the sprinkler head 10B. FIG. 8 (a) shows a normal state, FIG. 8 (b) shows an ignition state, and FIG. 8 (c) shows a state after opening.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, in normal times, the flow path F is sealed by the sealing plate 46, and the fire-extinguishing water W is stopped. At this time, as described above, the central portion of the sealing plate 46 is supported by the support 42. When a fire occurs, the combustion agent 28 is ignited in the combustion chamber in the support 42 as shown in FIG. 8B, and the internal pressure of the support 42 increases. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 8C, the support 42 is deformed so as to be crushed in the vertical direction, and the support of the sealing plate 46 is released. As a result, the sealing plate 46 is broken by the pressure of the fire fighting water W, and the flow path F of the fire fighting water W is opened.

  According to this modification, the combustion of the combustion agent 28 is performed only in the internal space of the support 42, so that there is an advantage that combustion gas and smoke can be prevented from being discharged to the outside.

(3) When opening by the operation signal from the sensor means In the embodiment and the modification described above, the sprinkler head is operated by the heat transfer from the heat sensitive plate 26. It is also possible to separately provide a sensor means for detecting, and operate the sprinkler head by the operation signal.

  FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing a schematic structure of a sprinkler head 10C as an example of such a modification. In the sprinkler head 10C of this modification, the combustion chamber 24 of the unsealing device 22 is provided inside the housing 14, and below the combustion chamber 24, the water discharge holes 32 are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the side surface portion 14b. It is formed at intervals. Two sealing plates 48 and 50 are provided above and below the combustion chamber 24 so as to sandwich the combustion chamber 24 in the vertical direction, respectively. It constitutes the bottom. The sealing plates 48 and 50 are both made of a metal material and are fixed to the inner surface of the housing 14 by welding. Although not shown here, fracture grooves may be formed in the sealing plates 48 and 50 as in the above-described embodiment. An appropriate sealing material (not shown) is provided at the boundary portion between the upper sealing plate 48 and the housing 14 to enhance the sealing performance. With such a structure, the sealing plate 48 seals the flow path F of the fire-extinguishing water W and stops water.

  An igniter 30 is provided on the side surface portion 14 b of the housing 14 at a position corresponding to the combustion chamber 24 through the side surface portion 14 b and the side surface portion 24 b of the combustion chamber 24 by means of a fixture 52. In this modification, instead of the thermal plate 26, a thermal sensor 54 and a control unit 56 for detecting heat due to fire are provided at appropriate locations outside the sprinkler head 10C. The control unit 56 is connected to the igniter 30 by the wiring 58, and outputs an operation signal to the igniter 30 when it is detected that the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature by a detection signal from the thermal sensor 54. Thereby, the combustion agent 28 filled in the combustion chamber 24 is ignited, and the sealing plates 48 and 50 are broken by the explosion pressure or the gas pressure, respectively. In addition, the thermal sensor 54 and the control part 56 comprise the sensor means as described in a claim.

  In the present modification, the water spray plate 36 is provided on the side surface 14 b of the housing 14 so as to be positioned below the water discharge hole 32. Further, since the combustion agent 28 is sealed in the combustion chamber 24, the moisture absorption preventing seal 34 that seals the water discharge hole 32 is unnecessary. About the structure of those other than the above, it is the same as that of the sprinkler head 10 of above-mentioned embodiment.

  Next, the operation of the sprinkler head 10C having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing the operating state of the sprinkler head 10C. FIG. 10 (a) shows a normal state, FIG. 10 (b) shows an ignition state, and FIG. 10 (c) shows a state after opening.

  As shown to Fig.10 (a), the flow path F is sealed by the sealing board 48 and the water for fire extinguishing W is stopped at normal time. When the control unit 56 detects a fire based on a detection signal from the thermal sensor 54, an operation signal is output to the igniter 30. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 10B, the combustion agent 28 is ignited in the combustion chamber 24, and a blast or gas collides with the sealing plates 48 and 50. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10C, the sealing plates 48 and 50 are both broken, and the flow path F for the fire-extinguishing water W is opened.

  According to this modification, since the thermal sensor 54 and the controller 56 are used, the sprinkler head 10C can be operated at a substantially constant operating temperature. Thereby, compared with the structure operated by the heat transfer from the heat sensitive plate 26, there is an advantage that the operation stability can be further improved.

  In addition, not only the head structure of this modification but the operation structure using the thermal sensor 54 and the control part 56 is good also in the head structure of embodiment mentioned above and a modification.

(4) Others In the above description, the case where water for fire extinguishing W is sprinkled downward from a sprinkler head provided on the ceiling has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the sprinkler is installed on a wall and sprinkles laterally. The present invention can also be applied to a head or a sprinkler head that is installed on the floor and sprinkles upward.

  In addition to those already described above, the methods according to the above-described embodiments and modifications may be used in appropriate combination. In addition, although not illustrated one by one, the present invention is implemented with various modifications within a range not departing from the gist thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sprinkler head 10A Sprinkler head 10B Sprinkler head 10C Sprinkler head 12 Nozzle 14 Housing 14b Side surface part (side surface)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 16 Sealing plate 20 Breaking groove 22 Unsealing device 24 Combustion chamber 26 Thermal plate 28 Combustion agent 32 Water discharge hole 36 Sprinkling plate 40 Sealing plate 42 Support body 46 Sealing plate 48 Sealing plate 50 Sealing plate 54 Thermal sensor (sensor means) )
56 Control unit (sensor means)
F Channel W Water for fire fighting

Claims (8)

A sprinkler head that normally stops the high-pressure fire-fighting water filled in the sprinkler piping and sprays the fire-fighting water in the event of a fire,
A nozzle connected to the sprinkler pipe;
A housing provided at the tip of the nozzle;
A sealing plate that is provided inside the nozzle or the housing and seals the fire-extinguishing water flow path to stop the water;
Have
The housing,
In the state where the flow path is sealed by the sealing plate, there is provided an opening device for opening the flow path by burning a combustion agent in a combustion chamber located on the downstream side of the sealing plate. And sprinkler head. The sprinkler head according to claim 1, wherein
The opening device is
It has a heat sensitive plate that senses heat from fire,
A sprinkler head characterized in that, when the combustion agent containing an auto-ignition component reaches a predetermined temperature or higher due to heat transfer from the heat sensitive plate, the combustion agent is burned to open the flow path. The sprinkler head according to claim 1, wherein
The opening device is
A sprinkler head, wherein the combustion agent is burned and the flow path is opened by an operation signal from a sensor means for detecting heat caused by a fire. The sprinkler head according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The sealing plate is
It is made of metal material and fixed to the housing by welding,
The opening device is
A sprinkler head, wherein the flow path is opened by breaking the sealing plate. The sprinkler head according to claim 4,
The sealing plate is
Has a breaking groove,
The opening device is
The sprinkler head, wherein the flow path is opened by breaking the sealing plate along the breaking groove. The sprinkler head according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The opening device is
It has the combustion chamber inside, and has a substantially box-like support that supports at least a part of the sealing plate on the upper surface,
A sprinkler head, wherein the flow path is opened by deforming the support body by combustion of the combustion agent and releasing the support of the sealing plate. The sprinkler head according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The housing is
A sprinkler head, characterized by having water discharge holes formed at predetermined intervals in a plurality of circumferential directions on the side surface for discharging the fire-fighting water to the outside. The sprinkler head according to claim 7,
A sprinkler head comprising a watering plate for dispersing fire-fighting water discharged from the water discharge hole.

Images