JP2011120360A - Generation set - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively generate power by vibrating a vibrator placed in fluid. <P>SOLUTION: When the vibrator placed in fluid vibrates, a power generation unit 200 vibrates in the direction of vibration G. When the power generation unit 200 vibrates, a spindle 62 provided to be swingable by a coil spring 20 vibrates in the direction of vibration G. In addition, a magnet 38 fixed on the spindle 62 vibrates integrally with the spindle 62 in the direction of vibration G. When the magnet 38 vibrates, the magnet 38 is moved in the direction of vibration G relative to a coil 40 and power is generated by the principle of electromagnetic induction. That is, the vibrational energy of the columnar body 110 placed in the fluid is effectively converted into electrical energy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generator that generates electric power by converting vibration energy into electric energy.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, power generation apparatuses that generate electric power by converting vibration energy of vibration generated in a structure such as a building or the ground into electric energy have been proposed. Among the vibrations generated in structures such as buildings and the ground, seismic motion has a large vibration amplitude, and thus a large amount of power can be obtained. However, since the frequency of occurrence is low and the duration of vibration is short, a large amount of power generation cannot be expected.

  Therefore, the vibration energy of various vibrations such as walking vibrations caused by walking of people, traffic vibrations caused by running of trains and automobiles, mechanical vibrations due to operation of equipment, and vibrations generated when operating electronic devices are converted into electrical energy. A power generation device that generates electric power has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, wind power generators using wind power and water turbine power generation using hydropower are expected as power generators that do not generate greenhouse gases.

  By the way, it is known that when an obstacle is placed in a fluid such as air or water, vortices called Karman vortices can be alternated behind the obstacle.

  If the obstacle is a vibrating body that can vibrate, the vibrating body vibrates due to Karman vortices generated alternately behind the vibrating body. In this way, power generation apparatuses that generate electric power by converting vibration energy generated by a Karman vortex into a vibrating body into electric energy have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4). .

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-66323 JP 2001-157433 A JP 2003-164136 A JP 2008-11669 A

  It is required to extract more electrical energy from the vibration energy of a vibrating body that vibrates in a fluid.

  An object of this invention is to vibrate the vibrating body arrange | positioned in the fluid, and to produce electric power effectively.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the weight is swayed to a vibration body disposed in a fluid and supported to vibrate, a weight, and a vibration transmission member that vibrates by transmission of vibration from the vibration body or the vibration body. A vibration amplifying structure having a movable member, a first member fixed to the weight, and a second member movable relative to the first member. Power generation means for generating electric power by relative movement between the member and the second member.

  In the first aspect of the invention, when the vibrating body is disposed in a fluid such as air, water, powder, etc., the fluid flow is disturbed behind the vibrating body, and the vibrating body vibrates. Alternatively, when the vibrating body is arranged in a fluid in which the flow is disturbed, the vibrating body vibrates.

  When vibration is generated in the vibration body, the weight provided on the vibration body or the vibration transmission member so as to be able to swing is vibrated, and the first member fixed to the weight is vibrated. When the first member vibrates, the first member and the second member move relative to generate electric power. That is, the vibration energy of the vibrating body that vibrates in the fluid is converted into electric energy.

  Here, the vibration of the weight (and the first member) is amplified with respect to the vibration of the vibrating body by the vibration amplification structure. That is, the weight provided so as to be able to swing on the vibrating body or the vibration transmitting member resonates with the natural frequency of the weight matching or substantially matching the frequency of the vibrating body, thereby amplifying the amplitude of the weight. That is, the vibration amplitude of the weight (and the first member) is larger than that of the configuration having no vibration amplification structure.

  In addition, when the power generation means generates electric power, a resistance force that suppresses vibration of the first member (for example, in the case where electric power is generated from the coil by electromagnetic induction using the first member as a permanent magnet and the second member as a coil) When the resistance force that suppresses the vibration of the permanent magnet by the generated back electromotive force acts on the first member from the second member, the vibration of the first member is reduced.

  However, the inertial force of the first member increases with the weight of the weight. Therefore, the vibration suppression effect by the resistance force which acts on the first member from the second member is reduced. That is, a decrease in amplification magnification by which the amplitude of the first member is amplified with respect to the amplitude of the vibrating body by the vibration amplification structure is reduced.

  In this way, the vibration amplitude of the first member (weight) is amplified by the vibration amplification structure, and the decrease in amplification magnification due to the resistance force is reduced, so that the vibration energy of the vibrating body vibrating in the fluid is effectively increased. Converted into electrical energy.

  In other words, the conversion efficiency for converting the vibration energy generated in the vibrating body into electric energy is improved as compared with the configuration without the vibration amplification structure, so that more electric energy can be obtained from the vibration energy.

  Therefore, compared with the structure which does not have a vibration amplification structure, it generates electric power effectively.

  Under predetermined conditions, Karman vortices are alternately generated behind the vibrating body, and the vibrating body vibrates in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction. When the vibration frequency excited in the vibrating body by the Karman vortex matches the natural frequency of the vibrating body, the vibrating body resonates and the amplitude increases. When the amplitude of the vibrating body is increased, the amplitude of the first member (and the weight) is increased, and as a result, the amount of power generated by the power generation means is also increased.

  Therefore, power is generated more effectively by setting the vibrating body so that Karman vortices are generated and resonate behind the vibrating body.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the vibrating body is a columnar body having a longitudinal direction that intersects the fluid flow direction, and a side surface flows downstream of the columnar body in the fluid flow direction. It has the plate-shaped member arrange | positioned along the direction and extended along the longitudinal direction of the said columnar body.

  In the invention of claim 2, the columnar body (vibrating body) vibrates by Karman vortices alternately generated rearward under a predetermined condition. When the vibration frequency of the columnar body excited by the Karman vortex matches or substantially matches the natural frequency of the columnar body, resonance occurs and the amplitude increases. The frequency at which Karman vortices are generated is said to increase as the fluid flow increases. That is, the vibration frequency of the columnar body depends on the flow velocity of the fluid. Therefore, if the flow velocity of the fluid fluctuates and the vibration frequency of the columnar body deviates from the natural frequency, resonance does not occur, that is, the amplitude does not increase.

  However, when a plate-like member is arranged along the flow direction on the downstream side of the columnar body (vibrating body), the fluid is prevented from wrapping around to the opposite side of the plate-like member, so that it vibrates stably. Therefore, the columnar body vibrates with an amplitude equal to or greater than that of the resonance state in a wide range of fluid flow rates. That is, the vibration of the columnar body (vibrating body) becomes large at a wide flow rate as compared with the configuration in which the plate-like member is not provided on the downstream side.

  When the amplitude of the columnar body (vibrating body) increases, the amplitude of the first member (and the weight) increases, and as a result, the amount of power generated by the power generation means also increases.

  Therefore, compared with the structure which does not arrange | position a plate-shaped member in the downstream of a columnar body (vibrating body), electric power generation amount becomes large with respect to the flow velocity of a wide fluid. In other words, compared to a configuration in which a plate-like member is not disposed on the downstream side of the columnar body (vibrating body), power is generated more effectively and more electrical energy can be stably obtained.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the vibrating body is a columnar body arranged with a direction intersecting the fluid flow direction as a longitudinal direction, and along the longitudinal direction of the columnar body on the upstream side of the columnar body. And a columnar amplifying member arranged in parallel with the columnar body.

  In the invention of claim 3, the columnar body (vibrating body) vibrates due to Karman vortices alternately generated rearward. Furthermore, by arranging the columnar amplification member in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the columnar body on the upstream side of the columnar body, the fluid once separated by colliding with the columnar amplification member returns and gathers, Amplitude increases.

  When the amplitude of the columnar body (vibrating body) increases, the amplitude of the first member (and the weight) increases, and as a result, the amount of power generated by the power generation means also increases.

  Therefore, compared with the structure which does not arrange | position a columnar amplification member in the upstream of a columnar body (vibrating body), electric power generation amount becomes large. In other words, compared to a configuration in which no columnar amplifying member is arranged upstream of the columnar body (vibrating body), power is generated more effectively and more electrical energy is obtained.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, one or a plurality of the vibrators are provided in a pipe through which a fluid flows or in an opening of the pipe.

  In the invention of claim 4, the vibrating body is vibrated continuously because the vibrating body is provided inside the pipe through which the fluid continuously flows or in the opening of the pipe. Therefore, it generates power continuously.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to generate electric power more effectively than a configuration having no vibration amplification structure.

  According to invention of Claim 2, compared with the structure which does not arrange | position a plate-shaped member in the downstream of a columnar body (vibrating body), it can produce electric power more effectively and obtain more electric energy. Can do.

  According to invention of Claim 3, compared with the structure which does not arrange | position a columnar amplification member in the upstream of a columnar body (vibrating body), it can produce electric power more effectively and obtain more electric energy. be able to.

  According to invention of Claim 4, compared with the structure installed in the place where a fluid does not flow continuously, it can generate electric power continuously.

It is a perspective view of the partial cross section which shows the electric power generating apparatus of 1st embodiment. (A) is sectional drawing along the vibration direction which shows a power generation part typically, (B) is sectional drawing which shows an example of a guide mechanism. It is sectional drawing along the X direction which shows the modification of a columnar body typically. It is sectional drawing along the X direction for demonstrating the structure of a board part. It is sectional drawing along the Z direction for demonstrating the structure of a board part. (A) is a cross-sectional view along the X direction for explaining the structure in which the corners of the plate part are rounded, and (B) is for explaining the structure in which the corners of the plate part are not rounded. It is sectional drawing along the X direction. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows typically the electric power generation part of a 1st modification, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows typically the electric power generation part of a 2nd modification, (c) is a 3rd modification. It is a schematic diagram which shows typically the electric power generation part. It is sectional drawing along the vibration direction which shows the electric power generation part of a 4th modification. It is sectional drawing along the vibration direction which shows the electric power generation part of a 5th modification. It is sectional drawing along the vibration direction which shows the electric power generation part of a 6th modification. It is sectional drawing along the vibration direction which shows the electric power generation part of a 7th modification. It is a perspective view of the partial cross section which shows the electric power generating apparatus of 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the partial cross section which shows the 1st modification of the electric power generating apparatus of 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the X direction which shows typically the principal part of the 1st modification of the electric power generating apparatus of 2nd embodiment of FIG. (A) is a graph which compares the magnitude | size of the vibration of a columnar body by the presence or absence of a splitter plate in the conditions of (B) of the 1st modification of the electric power generating apparatus of 2nd embodiment of FIG. 13 and FIG. (A) compares the magnitude of the vibration of the columnar body depending on the presence or absence of the columnar body by the vibration amplifying member in the condition (B) of the first modification of the power generator of the second embodiment of FIGS. 13 and 14 (A). It is a graph to do. It is a perspective view of the partial cross section which shows the 2nd modification of the electric power generating apparatus of 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the X direction which shows typically the principal part of the 2nd modification of the electric power generating apparatus of 3rd embodiment of FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the space | interval of the columnar body and amplification member in the 2nd modification of the electric power generating apparatus of 2nd embodiment shown in FIG. The power generator of 3rd embodiment is shown, (A) is a disassembled perspective view, (B) is a perspective view. It is a perspective view of the partial cross section which shows the electric power generating apparatus of 4th embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the electric power generating apparatus of 5th embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the electric power generating apparatus of 6th embodiment. (A) is explanatory drawing explaining the state which the twin vortex generate | occur | produced in the flow direction back side of the columnar body, (B) is explanatory drawing explaining the state which the Karman vortex generated in the flow direction back side of the columnar body. And (B) is an explanatory view illustrating a state in which turbulent flow is generated on the rear side in the flow direction of the columnar body.

<First embodiment>
The power generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
As shown in FIG. 1, a power generation device 100 is provided on a side wall 12 of a cylindrical duct 10 having a rectangular cross section through which a fluid such as gas, liquid, and powder flows.

  The flow direction in which the fluid flows is indicated by an arrow R. The longitudinal direction of the duct 10 is indicated by an arrow Y, and the width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is indicated by an arrow X and an arrow Z. In addition, since the fluid flows along the longitudinal direction of the duct 10, the flow direction R and the longitudinal direction Y are the same direction.

  The power generation device 100 includes a columnar columnar body 110 and a power generation unit 200 provided at one end 110 </ b> A of the columnar body 110.

  The columnar body 110 constituting the power generation apparatus 100 is inserted through the hole 14 in the side wall 12 of the duct 10. In the present embodiment, the columnar body 110 has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section, and is disposed with the direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction R (in the present embodiment, the Z direction) as the longitudinal direction.

  The columnar body 110 and the duct 10 are sealed by a seal member 116 made of an elastic member such as rubber fitted into the hole 14 in the side wall 12 of the duct 10. In other words, the columnar body 110 is inserted through the seal member 116 fitted in the side wall 12 of the duct 10.

  Therefore, the columnar body 110 is provided on the side wall of the duct 10 so as to be able to vibrate in a direction crossing the axial direction, and the fluid does not leak from the gap between the hole 14 of the duct 10 and the columnar body 110.

  The columnar body 110 has a portion disposed in the duct 10 on the other end 110B side as an inner side 114, and a portion disposed on the outer side of the duct 10 on the one end 110A side where the power generation unit 200A is provided. Is the external side 112.

  In each figure, the axial direction of the columnar body 110, that is, the Z direction is shown as a vertical direction. However, for convenience of illustration only, the axial direction may be other than the vertical direction, for example, the horizontal direction, or may be arranged along an oblique direction intersecting the vertical direction.

Next, the power generation unit 200 provided at one end 110A of the columnar body 110 will be described.
The power generation unit 200 generates power when it vibrates in a predetermined vibration direction. Therefore, when the power generation unit 200 is described, the power generation unit 200 is illustrated and described based on the vibration direction in which power is generated.

In each figure, the vibration direction is illustrated along the vertical direction. However, the vibration direction may be any direction as long as it is illustrated for convenience. For example, when the vibration direction is the horizontal direction, the power generation unit 200 is arranged in a state where each figure is rotated by 90 °.
When the vibration direction G is the horizontal direction, a configuration in which the coil spring 20 is disposed above and below the weight 62 so as to be independent as shown in FIG. 7B described later, or a configuration having a guide mechanism described later is desirable.
In addition, when using the top, bottom, ceiling, bottom, etc. when describing the power generation unit 200, it is only described on the basis of the top-bottom direction in each figure for the sake of convenience, and again, it must be installed in this direction. It doesn't mean.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the power generation unit 200 has a cylindrical casing 50 (see also FIG. 1), and a coil as a support member is provided on the ceiling 50A (see also FIG. 1) of the casing 50. A weight 62 is provided by the spring 20 so as to be swingable with respect to the vibration direction G. A magnet 38 as a first member is fixed to the lower surface of the weight 62.

  A coil 40 as a second member is fixed to the cylindrical portion 50 </ b> B of the housing 50, and a magnet 38 that is fixed to the lower surface of the weight 62 inside the coil 40 is disposed. That is, the magnet 38 is provided so as to be movable in the vibration direction G in the coil 40.

  Then, when the magnet 38 moves in the coil 40 in the vibration direction G (axial direction), electric power is generated by electromagnetic induction.

  Electric power is taken out from the electric wires 40 </ b> A and 40 </ b> B connected to the coil 40 and wired outside the housing 50. In FIG. 1, illustration of the electric wires 40A and 40B extending from the power generation unit 200 is omitted.

  Note that the ends of the electric wires 40A and 40B may be connected as a power source to a device driven by electricity, or connected to a storage battery (secondary battery) to store electricity, and the device is driven by the stored electricity. It may be. Moreover, you may be connected to the apparatus and the storage battery through the circuit.

Here, when the lower side in FIG. 2A is in the direction of gravity, the coil spring 20 has a configuration in which a weight 62 and a magnet 38 are suspended (in this case, the coil spring 20 becomes a tension coil spring). However, it is not limited to this direction.
For example, when the upper side in FIG. 2A is in the direction of gravity (that is, upside down), the coil spring 20 has a configuration in which a weight 62 and a magnet 38 are placed (in this case, the coil spring 20 is a compression coil spring).
Furthermore, the vibration direction G may be a horizontal direction. As described above, when the vibration direction G is the horizontal direction, a configuration in which the coil springs 20 are disposed above and below the weight 62 as shown in FIG.

Further, a guide mechanism (not shown) may be provided so that the weight 62 and the magnet 38 can move smoothly in the coil 40 even if the vibration direction G is horizontal. The guide mechanism may be any mechanism.
For example, as in the guide mechanism 61 shown in FIG. 2B, a mechanism in which a through hole 63 is formed in the shaft center of the weight 62 and the magnet 38 and a shaft 65 fixed to the housing 50 is passed through the through hole 63. It may be.
In consideration of the loss of conversion to electric energy due to the friction between the through hole 63 and the shaft 65, it is desirable that the vibration direction G is a vertical direction.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid flow is disturbed on the rear side in the flow direction R on the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110 disposed in the fluid flowing in the duct 10, and the columnar body 110 vibrates. Or the columnar body 110 vibrates by arrange | positioning the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110 in the fluid of the state in which the disorder | damage | failure occurred in the flow.

  At this time, the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110 is set to vibrate by Karman vortices K1 and K2 (see FIG. 24B, details will be described later) generated on the rear side of the columnar body 110. , Mainly vibrates along the X direction. More specifically, the end 110B vibrates in the direction of arrow S1 with the seal member 116 as a fulcrum.

  When vibration occurs on the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110, the outer side 112 of the columnar body 110 vibrates. That is, the end 110A vibrates in the arrow S2 direction with the seal member 116 as a fulcrum. Therefore, the vibration direction G of the power generation unit 200 is arranged along the Y direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the power generation unit 200 vibrates in the vibration direction G, the weight 62 provided to be swingable by the coil spring 20 vibrates in the vibration direction G. The magnet 38 fixed to the weight 62 vibrates integrally with the weight 62 in the vibration direction G.

  When the magnet 38 vibrates, the magnet 38 moves in the vibration direction G with respect to the coil 40, and electric power is generated by the principle of electromagnetic induction. That is, the vibration energy of the columnar body 110 that vibrates in the fluid is converted into electric energy.

  Here, in general, the power generation amount V by electromagnetic induction is represented by the Faraday electromagnetic induction shown in the equation (1), where N is the number of turns of the coil, and ΔΦ / Δt is the amount of change in magnetic flux density passing through the coil in a minute time Δt. It is determined by the law.

  It can be seen from equation (1) that the power generation amount V is proportional to the amount of change ΔΦ / Δt in magnetic flux density per unit time. The magnetic flux density change amount ΔΦ / Δt increases as the magnet vibration amplitude (the relative movement amount between the magnet and the coil) increases. Therefore, the power generation amount increases as the magnet vibration amplitude increases.

  From this principle, it can be seen that if the amplitude of the magnet 38 of the power generation unit 200 can be increased, a large amount of power can be generated.

  In the present embodiment, the weight of the weight 62 and the coil spring are set so that the natural frequency of the weight 62 and the magnet 38 matches or substantially matches the frequency of the end 110A of the columnar body 110 and the weight 62 and the magnet 38 resonate. By setting the length of 20 and the spring constant, the amplitudes of the weight 62 and the magnet 38 are amplified. That is, the amplitude of vibration of the weight 62 and the magnet 38 is increased.

  On the other hand, when the magnet 38 moves in the vibration direction G (axial direction) with respect to the coil 40 and electric power is generated, the resistance force that suppresses the vibration of the magnet 38 by the counter electromotive force generated in the coil 40 is applied from the coil 40 to the magnet. 38, and the amplitude of vibration of the magnet 38 is reduced.

  However, the inertia force of the magnet 38 increases with the weight of the weight 62. Therefore, the vibration suppression effect by the resistance force which acts on the magnet from the coil 40 is reduced. That is, a decrease in amplification factor by which the amplitude of the magnet 38 due to resonance is amplified is reduced.

Thus, the amplitude of the vibration of the magnet 38 is amplified, and the decrease in amplification magnification due to the resistance force is reduced, so that the moving amount (amplitude) of the magnet 38 moving in the coil 40 increases.
As the movement amount of the magnet 38 increases, the power generation amount increases as described using the equation (1). In other words, the vibration energy of the columnar body 110 that vibrates in the fluid is effectively converted into electric energy.

  Further, under predetermined conditions (details will be described later), as shown in FIG. 24B, Karman vortices K1 and Karman vortices K2 are alternately generated behind the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110, and the columnar body. 110 vibrates in the S1 direction orthogonal to the flow direction R. When the vibration frequency excited in the columnar body 110 by the Karman vortices K1 and K2 matches the natural frequency of the columnar body 110, the columnar body 110 resonates and the amplitude increases. When the amplitude of the columnar body 110 increases, the amplitude of the magnet 38 and the weight 62 (see FIG. 2) increases, and as a result, the amount of power generation also increases.

  Therefore, Karman vortices K1 and K2 are generated behind the columnar body 110, and the columnar body 110 is set so as to resonate, thereby generating power more effectively.

Next, conditions for generating Karman vortices will be described.
Depending on the size of the vibrating body (in this embodiment, the inner side 114 (see FIG. 1) of the columnar body 110), the density, viscosity, and flow speed of the vibrating body disposed in the fluid, Differences appear in the flow that can be done. When the vibrating body is a cylindrical columnar body 110 as in the present embodiment, the difference in the flow is that the Reynolds number is expressed with the diameter d, the fluid viscosity ν, and the fluid flow speed U. It can be divided according to the value of Re = Ud / ν.

For example, if the other conditions are the same and only the fluid flow speed is increased, a twin vortex as shown in FIG. 24A is formed while the fluid flow is slow.
However, when the fluid flow becomes faster and faster than the Reynolds number of 50 to 60, it changes to Karman vortices K1 and K2 as shown in FIG.
When the flow becomes faster, the turbulent flow as shown in FIG.

  Further, the cycle in which the Karman vortices K1 and K2 are generated becomes shorter as the fluid flow is faster, and the interval in the flow direction R between the Karman vortex K1 and the Karman vortex K2 is the diameter of the columnar body 110 regardless of the flow velocity. About 5 to 6 times d.

Therefore, the Karman vortices K1 and K2 are generated based on various conditions, and the columnar body 110 is set so that the generated Karman vortices K1 and K2 and the columnar body 110 resonate.
Furthermore, as described above, the frequency of the end portion 110 </ b> A of the columnar body 110 and the natural frequency of the weight 62 and the magnet 38 coincide with or substantially coincide with each other so that the weight 62 and the magnet 38 resonate. By setting the weight, the length of the coil spring 20 and the spring constant, the amplitudes of the weight 62 and the magnet 38 are amplified.
As a result, the power generation apparatus 100 generates large electric power.

  In the present embodiment, the columnar body 110 is arranged with the direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction R as the longitudinal direction, but is not limited thereto. An oblique direction intersecting with the fluid flow direction R may be arranged as a longitudinal direction.

  Here, in this embodiment, the vibrating body that vibrates in the fluid is the columnar body 110, but is not limited thereto. A vibrating body having a shape other than a cylinder may be used. A plate-shaped vibrating body will be described as an example of a vibrating body having a shape other than the columnar shape.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the inner side of the columnar body 110 is a plate-like plate portion 120. The side surface 120 </ b> A of the plate portion 120 is arranged along the flow direction S.

In general, when the plate part 120 is long in the flow direction R, it is considered that Karman vortices hardly occur. Therefore, the shape in which Karman vortices K1, K2 (see FIG. 24B) are likely to be generated is a shape in which the plate portion 120 is short in the flow direction R.
Furthermore, when the thickness orthogonal to the flow direction R is t and the length along the flow direction is h, h / t = 1 to 2 is good.

This is because, as shown in FIG. 4, when h / t increases, forces N1 and N2 are generated in the opposite directions at the front end 120S and the rear end 120U with respect to the flow direction R of the plate 120, respectively.
By these forces N1 and N2, the plate portion 120 is twisted about its axis, and torsional vibration is generated. For this reason, the vibration S1 in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction R is reduced (see also FIG. 3).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when the length in the arrow Z direction is increased, the end 120B of the plate 120 is continuously pushed in the X direction, and the returning force and the balanced vibration are reduced. Therefore, the Z direction of the plate part 120 is also set to an appropriate length.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the cross-sectional shape along the flow direction S tends to have a smaller amplitude when the corner 120A is round as shown in FIG. 6 (A). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6B, the corner portion 120A has a larger amplitude when it is angular. However, when the corner 120R shown in FIG. 6A is round, the amplitude is small but the frequency is high. Therefore, it is desirable to set the cross-sectional shape in consideration of both the frequency and the amplitude.

Next, a modified example of the power generation unit 200 will be described.
First, a 1st modification-a 3rd modification are demonstrated using FIG.
7A and 7B, only the casing 50, the coil spring 20, and the weight 62 are illustrated and described, and in FIG. 7C, the casing 50 and the weight 62 are illustrated. Only the coil 40 is illustrated and described.

  In the power generation unit 202 of the first modification shown in FIG. 7A, the weight 62 is provided so as to be able to swing in the vibration direction G by the two coil springs 20. Three or more coil springs 20 may be provided.

In the power generation unit 204 of the second modified example shown in FIG. 7B, the coil spring 20 is provided on both the ceiling 50A and the bottom 50C of the casing 50, and the weight 62 can swing in the vibration direction G by these. Is provided.
In other words, the coil springs 20 are provided between the ceiling 50A and the weight 62 and between the bottom 50C and the weight 62, respectively.

  In the power generation unit 206 of the third modification shown in FIG. 7C, the first member is the coil 40 and the second member is the magnet 38. That is, the magnet 38 is fixed to the bottom 50 </ b> A and the coil 40 is fixed to the weight 62. The coil 40 moves in the vibration direction to generate power.

Next, a power generation unit 210 according to a fourth modification will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the power generation unit 210 of the fourth modified example is configured such that the vibration amplification unit 82 and the power generation unit 200 of the first embodiment are arranged in series in the vibration direction G.

  In the vibration amplifying unit 82, the cylindrical inner guide member 26 is fixed to the bottom 51 </ b> C of the housing 51. The inner guide member 26 is formed with a cylindrical accommodation hole 24 that opens upward in the figure.

A cylindrical outer guide member 30 is fixed to the disk-shaped weight 22. The outer guide member 30 is formed with a cylindrical accommodation hole 28 that opens downward in the figure.
The inner guide member 26 is inserted into the accommodation hole 28 of the outer guide member 30, and the outer guide member 30 can be moved relative to the inner guide member 26 in the vertical direction in the figure in this state.

  The coil spring 20 is disposed in the accommodating portion 32 formed by the accommodating hole 24 of the inner guide member 26 and the accommodating hole 28 of the outer guide member 30. The lower end portion of the coil spring 20 is fixed to the bottom portion 26 </ b> A of the inner guide member 26, and the upper end portion of the coil spring 20 is fixed to the ceiling portion 30 </ b> A of the outer guide member 30.

  By such a guide mechanism 34 constituted by the inner guide member 26 and the outer guide member 30, when the vibration is transmitted to the weight 22 and the weight 22 is shaken, the weight 22 is restricted from moving in the lateral direction. . That is, the weight 22 vibrates smoothly in the vibration direction G.

  A rubber member 36 is attached to the upper end portion of the inner guide member 26. When the vertical movement of the weight 22 becomes excessive, the rubber member 36 hits the lower surface of the ceiling portion 30A of the outer guide member 30 and the movement (vibration) of the weight 22 is restricted and vibration energy is absorbed. Functions as a stopper.

  And the power generation part 200 of 1st embodiment is provided on the weight 22 which comprises the vibration amplification part 82. FIG.

Next, the operation and effect of the power generation unit 210 of this modification will be described.
The weight of the weight 22, the length of the coil spring 20, and the like so that the vibration frequency of the columnar body 110 (see FIG. 1) and the natural frequency of the weight 22 of the vibration amplifying unit 82 match or substantially match and the weight 22 resonates. By setting the spring constant, the amplitude of the weight 22 is amplified. That is, the amplitude of vibration of the weight 22 is increased.

  As described in the first embodiment, the natural frequency of the weight 22 and the natural frequency of the weight 62 and the magnet 38 of the power generation unit 200 match or substantially match, and the weight 62 and the magnet 38 By setting the weight of the weight 62, the length of the coil spring 20, and the spring constant so as to resonate, the amplitude of the weight 62 is amplified. That is, the amplitude of vibration of the weight 62 is further increased.

  Therefore, the magnet 38 can be vibrated more greatly than the configuration including only the structural portion of the power generation unit 200, and as a result, large electric power is generated.

  Thus, the power generation unit 210 can further increase the amplification factor of the vibration of the magnet 38 with respect to the vibration of the columnar body 110. Further, the magnet 38 can be vibrated sufficiently even if the weight 62 is reduced.

  In addition, the columnar body 110 changes the dominant frequency as the flow velocity changes, and thus the dominant frequency is widely distributed. On the other hand, in the case of this configuration, the same number of natural frequencies as the frequency peaks of the vibration amplifying unit 82 and the power generation unit 200 can be generated, and the columnar body 110 also at frequencies near these natural frequencies. The amplification factor of the vibration of the magnet 38 with respect to this vibration can be increased. Therefore, electric power can be efficiently generated for the columnar body 110 in which the dominant frequency is widely distributed.

  Further, the natural frequency of the vibration system S1 constituted by the vibration amplifying unit 82, the natural frequency of the vibration system S2 of the power generation unit 200, and the weights of the weights 22 and 62 are set individually, whereby the power generation unit The natural frequency of the entire vibration system S3 210 can be easily changed by setting the weights of the weights 22 and 62.

  Further, in the case of the power generation unit 210 configured by two layers of the vibration amplification unit 82 and the power generation unit 200, the sum of the weight of the weight 62 of the second power generation unit 200 and the weight of the magnet 38 is the first layer. If the mass ratio divided by the weight of the weight 22 of the vibration amplification unit 82 is reduced, the amplification factor of the vibration of the magnet 38 relative to the vibration of the columnar body 110 can be increased. Therefore, if this mass ratio is increased, the frequency interval between two natural frequencies (primary natural frequency and secondary natural frequency) generated in the vibration system S3 of the power generation unit 210 can be increased.

Next, fifth to seventh modifications will be described.
In 1st embodiment, although the coil 40 and the magnet 38 moved relatively, the electric power was generated from the coil 40 by the principle of electromagnetic induction, However, It is not limited to this.

  Any principle or configuration may be used as long as the first member and the second member can move relative to each other to generate electric power. Therefore, in the fifth modification to the seventh modification, power generation units having different principles for generating electric power will be described.

  The power generation unit 220 of the fifth modification shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by installing a power generation mechanism 138 on the weight 22 of the vibration amplification unit 82 of the fourth modification. The power generation mechanism 138 includes a piezoelectric element 140 and a weight 142. The piezoelectric element 140 is fixed on the upper surface of the weight 22, and the weight 142 is fixed on the piezoelectric element 140.

  The “piezoelectric element” is a passive element that uses a piezoelectric effect that converts a force applied to a piezoelectric body into a voltage or converts a voltage into a force.

  When the columnar body 110 (FIG. 1) vibrates, the weight 22 vibrates in the vibration direction G (vertical direction in the drawing). This vibration is transmitted to the weight 142 through the piezoelectric element 140, and the weight 142 vibrates in the vibration direction G direction. At this time, compressive stress and tensile stress are repeatedly applied to the piezoelectric element 140, thereby generating electric power at the electrodes 144 </ b> A and 144 </ b> B provided above and below the piezoelectric element 140.

  In this modification, the lower end portion of the piezoelectric element 140 is the first member, and the weight 142 is the second member.

Here, when the electric power is generated by the power generation mechanism 138, if a resistance force that suppresses vibration of the lower end portion of the piezoelectric element 140 is applied from the weight 142, the amplitude of the vibration of the piezoelectric element 140 becomes small.
However, since it is fixed to the weight 22, the inertial force increases due to the weight of the weight 22, thereby reducing the vibration suppressing effect due to the resistance force.

  The power generation unit 222 of the sixth modification shown in FIG. 10 is obtained by installing a power generation mechanism 148 on the weight 22 of the vibration amplification unit 82 of the fourth modification. The power generation mechanism 148 includes a piezoelectric element 150, a weight 152, and a support column 154. The column 154 is fixed to the upper surface of the weight 22 and stands substantially vertically. The column 152 is provided so that the weight 152 protrudes from the vicinity of the upper end of the column 154 via the piezoelectric element 150 to the left and right.

  When the columnar body 110 vibrates, the weight 22 vibrates in the vibration direction G (vertical direction in the figure). This vibration is transmitted to the weight 152 through the support column 154 and the piezoelectric element 150, and the weight 152 vibrates in the vibration direction G direction. At this time, shear stress repeatedly acts on the piezoelectric element 150, thereby generating electric power at the electrodes 156 </ b> A and 156 </ b> B provided on the left and right sides of the piezoelectric element 150.

  In the case of this modification, the support column 154 is the first member, and the weight 152 is the second member.

  The power generation unit 224 of the seventh modification shown in FIG. 11 has a base 176 in which electrets 178 in which the magnets 38 of the power generation unit 200 (see FIG. 2) of the first embodiment are charged semipermanently are arranged in a comb shape. In this configuration, the coil 40 is replaced with a counter electrode 180 disposed opposite to the electret 178. That is, the power generation unit 224 is an electrostatic generator.

  The power generation unit 224 generates electromotive force when the electret 178 and the counter electrode 180 move relative to each other, and generates power from the counter electrode 180.

  Here, when the electric power is generated and the resistance force that suppresses the vibration of the base 176 is applied from the counter electrode 180, the amplitude of the vibration of the base 176 is reduced.

  However, since the base 176 is fixed to the weight 22, the inertial force is increased due to the weight of the weight 22, thereby reducing the vibration suppressing effect due to the resistance force.

<Second embodiment>
Next, the power generator 300 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as 1st embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted or simplified. Moreover, since the power generation unit has the same configuration as the power generation unit described in the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the power generation device 300 includes a columnar columnar body 110 and a plate-shaped vibration transmission unit 302 provided at one end 110 </ b> A of the columnar body 110 and disposed along the X direction. Have. Therefore, when viewed in the Y direction, the columnar body 110 and the vibration transmitting member 302 form a T shape.

  Power generation units 200 are provided at both ends of the vibration transmission member 302. In addition, since the electric power generation part 200 is the structure similar to 1st embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 12, Karman vortices K1 and K2 (see FIG. 24B) generated on the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110 arranged in the fluid flowing in the duct 10 on the rear side in the flow direction R, Since the columnar body 110 is set to vibrate, the columnar body 110 mainly vibrates along the X direction. That is, the end portion 110B vibrates in the arrow S1 direction with the seal member 116 as a fulcrum.

  When vibration occurs on the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110, the outer side 112 of the columnar body 110 vibrates. That is, the end 110A vibrates in the arrow S2 direction (see FIG. 1) with the seal member 116 as a fulcrum. Then, both end portions of the vibration transmitting member 302 vibrate in the arrow S3 direction. Therefore, the vibration direction G is the Z direction.

  And the electric power generation part 200 generates electric power by this vibration. That is, the vibration energy of the columnar body 110 that vibrates in the fluid is converted into electric energy.

  In the present embodiment, the amplitude is increased by making the vibration transmitting member 302 longer in the X direction. That is, the amplitude can be increased without increasing the length of the outer side 112 of the columnar body 110, and as a result, the power generation amount of the power generation unit 200 is increased.

  As in the first embodiment, the inner side of the columnar body 110 may be configured as a plate-like plate portion 120 shown in FIG. Moreover, the electric power generation part of a 1st modification to a 7th modification is also applicable.

Next, a modified example of the power generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
First, the first modification will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in the power generation device 310 of the first modification, a plate-like splitter plate 312 is arranged on the downstream side of the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110 arranged in the duct 10. .

  The splitter plate 312 has a side surface 312A arranged along the flow direction R. The thickness direction of the plate is the X direction, and the length direction is arranged along the same Z direction as the longitudinal direction of the columnar body.

The effects of the first modification will be described.
As described above, the columnar body 110 is vibrated by Karman vortices K1 and K2 (see FIG. 24B) alternately generated rearward under a predetermined condition. When the vibration frequency of the columnar body 110 excited by the Karman vortices K1 and K2 matches or substantially matches the natural frequency of the columnar body 110, resonance occurs and the amplitude increases. The cycle in which the Karman vortices K1, K2 are generated is said to be shorter as the fluid flow is faster. That is, the frequency of the columnar body 110 depends on the flow velocity of the fluid. Therefore, when the flow velocity of the fluid fluctuates and the frequency of the columnar body 110 deviates from the natural frequency, it does not resonate, that is, the amplitude does not increase.

However, when the splitter plate 312 is arranged along the flow direction R on the downstream side of the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110, the fluid U is prevented from flowing to the opposite side of the splitter plate 312 as shown in FIG. . Thus, the flow of the fluid U to the opposite side of the splitter plate 312 is prevented, and the columnar body 110 vibrates stably.
Therefore, the columnar body vibrates with an amplitude equal to or greater than that of the resonance state in a wide range of fluid flow rates. That is, the amplitude of the columnar body 110 is increased at a wide flow rate as compared with the configuration in which the splitter plate 312 is not provided on the downstream side.
As the amplitude of the columnar body 110 increases, the power generation amount increases as described above.

  Therefore, compared with the structure which does not arrange | position the splitter plate 312 in the downstream of the internal side 114 of the columnar body 110, the electric power generation amount becomes large with respect to the flow speed of a wide fluid. In other words, compared to a configuration in which the splitter plate 312 is not disposed on the downstream side of the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110, power is generated more effectively and more electrical energy is obtained.

  In the case of this modification, the columnar body 110 has the same cross-sectional shape as a circle or a square. However, as shown in FIG. 16B, the columnar body 110 has a more elliptical cross-sectional shape. (It will be described later in detail).

  Next, experimental results regarding the vibration of the columnar body 110 with and without the splitter plate 312 will be described with reference to the graph of FIG. The Y axis of the graph indicates dimensionless double amplitude (2y / D), and the X axis of the graph indicates dimensionless wind speed (V / fD).

In FIG. 15A, white circles (◯) indicate the case where the splitter plate 312 is not present, and black circles (●) indicate the case where the splitter plate 312 is present.
Further, as shown in FIG. 15B, when the diameter of the columnar body 110 is D and the distance between the splitter plate 312 is G, the result is obtained when G / D = 0.17.

  As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 15A, when the splitter plate 312 is not present (white circle (circle)), it vibrates greatly when the flow velocity matches or substantially coincides with the resonance frequency. Not done.

  On the other hand, when there is a splitter plate 312 (black circle (● mark)), it can be seen that the plate vibrates greatly at a wide flow rate.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 16B, by making the cross-sectional shape of the columnar body 110 elliptical, as seen from the graph of FIG. I know that.

Here, the splitter plate disposed on the downstream side of the object in the fluid is used to maintain the fluid flow on the downstream side of the object in a stable state. In general, a splitter plate is disposed on the downstream side of the object in order to suppress the vibration of the object while maintaining a flow state in which the vibration of the object in the fluid is suppressed. Therefore, as in this embodiment, in order to maintain (stabilize) the flow on the downstream side of the columnar body 110 in a state where the vibration of the columnar body 110 is large, it is possible to provide a splitter plate on the downstream side of the columnar body 110. Not done.
That is, there is an idea of providing a splitter plate for the purpose of suppressing the vibration of the columnar body, but there has never been an idea of providing a splitter plate for the purpose of amplifying the vibration of the columnar body.
In other words, it is a new idea to provide a splitter plate in order to improve power generation efficiency.

Next, a second modification will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, in the power generation device 320 of the second modified example, a columnar amplification member 322 is disposed upstream of the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110 disposed in the duct 10. . The amplifying members 322 are arranged in parallel along the Z direction whose longitudinal direction is the same as the longitudinal direction of the columnar body.

Next, the operation of this modification will be described.
The inner side 114 of the columnar body 110 is vibrated by Karman vortices K1 and K2 (see FIG. 24B) that are alternately generated rearward. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 18, when a columnar amplification member 322 is arranged in parallel to the columnar body 110 on the upstream side of the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110, it is formed behind the upstream columnar amplification member 322. The amplitude of the columnar body 110 increases due to the influence of the wake (such as meandering of the fluid generated downstream of the amplification member 322).
As the amplitude of the columnar body 110 increases, the power generation amount increases as described above.

  Therefore, compared with the structure which does not arrange | position the columnar amplification member 322 in the upstream of the columnar body 110 in parallel, the amount of power generation becomes large. In other words, compared to a configuration in which the columnar amplifying member 322 is not disposed on the upstream side of the columnar body 110, power is generated more effectively and more electrical energy is obtained.

  The distance between the columnar body 110 and the amplifying member 322 is preferably 2.5D to 4.0D, where D is the diameter when the amplifying member 322 is a cylinder. As shown in FIG. 18, the columnar body 110 is located at a position where the fluid once separated by hitting the amplification member 322 is gathered, so that the amplification effect is great.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 19, when a plurality of columnar bodies 110 and amplifying members 322 are arranged in parallel, it is preferable because an interval is not less than 10d so as not to affect each other.

<Third embodiment>
Next, a power generator 400 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as 1st embodiment and 2nd embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted or simplified. Moreover, since the power generation unit has the same configuration as the power generation unit described in the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the structure of a modification can also be applied to the power generation unit.

  As shown in FIG. 20, a power generation device 400 is provided on a side wall 12 of a cylindrical duct 10 having a rectangular cross section through which a fluid flows. The power generation apparatus 400 includes a columnar columnar body 110 and a plate-shaped vibration transmission unit 302 provided at one end 110A of the columnar body 110 and disposed along the X direction. Therefore, when viewed in the Y direction, the columnar body 110 and the vibration transmitting member 302 form a T shape.

  Power generation units 200 are provided at both ends of the vibration transmission member 302. In addition, since the electric power generation part 200 is the structure similar to 1st embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  A substantially square hole 414 is formed in the side wall 12 of the duct 10. A seal member 416 made of an elastic body such as rubber is provided around the hole 414 in the side wall 12. A vibration transmission member 302 is provided on the seal member 416. That is, the seal member 416 is sandwiched between the vibration transmission member 302 and the side wall 12 and sealed.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 20B, columnar bodies are formed by Karman vortices K1 and K2 (see FIG. 24B) generated on the rear side in the flow direction R of the columnar bodies 110 arranged in the fluid flowing in the duct 10. Since 110 is set to vibrate, the columnar body 110 mainly vibrates along the X direction.

  When vibration occurs in the columnar body 110, both ends of the vibration transmitting member 302 vibrate in the direction of arrow S3. Therefore, the vibration direction G is the Z direction. If the mass point system is configured by the seal member 416 in this way, vibration of a two mass point system is generated.

  And the electric power generation part 200 generates electric power by this vibration. That is, the vibration energy of the columnar body 110 that vibrates in the fluid is converted into electric energy.

  In the present embodiment, the amplitude is increased by making the vibration transmitting member 302 longer. That is, the amplitude can be increased without increasing the length of the columnar body 110, and as a result, the power generation amount of the power generation unit 200 is increased.

  As in the first embodiment, the inner side of the columnar body 110 may be configured as a plate-like plate portion 120 shown in FIG. Moreover, the electric power generation part of a 1st modification to a 7th modification is also applicable.

<Fourth embodiment>
Next, a power generator 500 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as 1st embodiment-3rd embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted or simplified. Moreover, since the power generation unit has the same configuration as the power generation unit described in the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the structure of a modification can also be applied to the power generation unit.

  As shown in FIG. 21, a power generation device 500 is provided on a side wall 12 of a cylindrical duct 10 having a rectangular cross section through which a fluid flows. The power generation device 500 includes a columnar columnar body 110 having a plate portion 502, and a plate-shaped vibration transmission unit 302 provided at one end 110A of the columnar body 110 and disposed along the Y direction. ing. Therefore, when viewed in the X direction, the columnar body 110 and the vibration transmitting member 302 form a T shape.

  Power generation units 200 are provided at both ends of the vibration transmission member 302. In addition, since the electric power generation part 200 is the structure similar to 1st embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The columnar body 110 and the duct 10 constituting the power generation device 500 are sealed by a bearing member 516 fitted in the hole 14 of the side wall 12 of the duct 10. In other words, the columnar body 110 is inserted through the bearing member 516 fitted into the side wall 12 of the duct 10. Further, the columnar body 110 is rotatable around the axis.

  That is, the columnar body 110 is provided on the side wall of the duct 10 so as to be rotatable around the axis, and the fluid does not leak from the gap between the hole 14 of the duct 10 and the columnar body 110.

  Further, the other end 110 </ b> B of the columnar body 110 is fixed by a bearing member 517 provided on the inner wall of the duct 10.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When the plate portion 502 is disposed in the fluid flowing through the duct 10, it vibrates as indicated by the arrow S5. This vibration causes the columnar body 110 to vibrate about the axis. When the columnar body 110 is torsionally vibrated, both ends of the vibration transmitting member 302 vibrate in the direction of arrow S6. Therefore, the vibration direction G is the X direction.

  And the electric power generation part 200 generates electric power by this vibration. That is, the vibration energy of the plate portion 502 is converted into electric energy.

Next, the vibration of the plate portion 502 will be described in detail.
As described with reference to FIG. 3 of the first embodiment, when h / t of the plate portion 502 shown in FIG. 21 (B) increases, the front end portion 502S and the rear end portion 502U of the plate portion 502 in the flow direction R respectively. Forces N1 and N2 are generated in the opposite direction, the plate portion 502 is twisted, and a torsional vibration is generated. Due to this torsional vibration, the columnar body 110 vibrates so as to be twisted about the axis.

<Fifth embodiment>
Next, a power generator 600 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as 1st embodiment-3rd embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted or simplified.

  As shown in FIG. 22, a power generation device 600 is provided in a cylindrical duct 10 having a rectangular cross section through which a fluid flows. The power generation apparatus 600 includes a columnar body 110 and a power generation section 620 provided at one end 110A and the other end 100B of the columnar body 110.

  The columnar bodies 110 constituting the power generation apparatus 600 are arranged along the X direction. A shaft portion 612 constituting the power generation portion 620 extends outward from the end portion 110A and the other end portion 100B of the columnar body 110.

  A long hole 650 whose longitudinal direction is the Z direction is formed in the opposite side wall 15 and side wall 16 of the duct 10. A seal member 630 made of an elastic material such as rubber is fitted into the long hole 650 and sealed. A shaft portion 612 extending from the end portions 110 </ b> A and 100 </ b> B of the columnar body 110 passes through the seal member 630. Therefore, the columnar body 110 can vibrate in the Z direction intersecting with the axial direction.

  A rod-shaped magnet 602 arranged with the Z direction as the longitudinal direction is joined to the end portion of the shaft portion 612 that protrudes outward from the side walls 15 and 16 of the duct 10. Weights 621 and 625 are joined to both ends of the magnet 602, respectively. Coils 622 and 624 are provided around the vicinity of the end of the magnet 602. The members that support the coils 622 and 624 are not shown.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
Since the columnar body 110 is set to vibrate by Karman vortices K1 and K2 (see FIG. 24B) generated behind the columnar body 110 disposed in the fluid flowing in the duct 10, the columnar body 110 is set. Vibrates mainly along the Z direction.

  When vibration occurs in the columnar body 110, the magnet 602 and the weights 621 and 625 vibrate via the shaft portion 612. The vibration direction at this time is indicated by an arrow G.

  When the magnet 602 vibrates, the magnet 602 moves in the axial direction with respect to the coils 622 and 624, and electric power is generated by the principle of electromagnetic induction. That is, the vibration energy of the columnar body 110 that vibrates in the fluid is converted into electric energy.

  In this embodiment as well, the natural frequency of the weights 621 and 625 and the magnet 602 matches or substantially matches the frequency of the columnar body 110, and the weights 621 and 625 and the magnet 602 resonate so that they resonate. By setting the elastic force of the seal member 630, the amplitudes of the weights 621 and 625 and the magnet 602 are amplified. That is, the vibration amplitude of the weights 621 and 625 and the magnet 602 is increased.

  On the other hand, when the magnet 602 moves in the vibration direction G (axial direction) with respect to the coils 622 and 624 and electric power is generated, the resistance force that suppresses the vibration of the magnet 602 by the counter electromotive force generated in the coils 622 and 624 is The coils 622 and 624 act on the magnet 602 to reduce the amplitude of vibration of the magnet 602.

  However, the inertial force of the magnet 602 increases due to the weights of the weights 621 and 625. Therefore, the vibration suppressing effect due to the resistance force acting on the magnet 602 from the coils 622 and 624 is reduced. That is, a decrease in amplification factor that amplifies the amplitude of the magnet 602 due to resonance is reduced.

  As described above, the amplitude of the vibration of the magnet 602 is amplified, and the decrease in the amplification factor due to the resistance force is reduced, so that the movement amount (amplitude) of the movement of the magnet 602 in the coils 622 and 624 increases. When the amount of movement of the magnet 602 increases, the amount of power generation increases as described using Equation (1). In other words, the vibration energy of the columnar body 110 that vibrates in the fluid is effectively converted into electric energy.

<Others>
In 1st embodiment-4th embodiment, although all provided the electric power generation part 200 outside the duct 10, it is not limited to this. The power generation unit 200 may be provided on the inner side 114 of the columnar body 110 in the duct or the plate units 120 and 502.

  In this case, the power generation unit 200 is prevented or suppressed from disturbing the fluid flow by being provided so as to be embedded in the columnar body 110 and the plate parts 120 and 502. Therefore, the resonance condition is ensured.

  Moreover, you may provide the electric power generating apparatus of 1st embodiment-5th embodiment in the exit vicinity of the duct 10. FIG.

Here, in 1st embodiment-5th embodiment, although the electric power generating apparatus was provided in the duct 10 through which the fluid flows, it is not limited to this. You may install the electric power generating apparatus with which this invention was applied in places other than a duct. For example, it may be installed in a river or where wind blows to generate electricity.
Therefore, an example of the power generator installed in such a place will be described as a sixth embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 23, the power generation device 700 according to the sixth embodiment includes a columnar body 110 and a power generation section 200 provided at one end 110 </ b> A of the columnar body 110.

  The columnar body 110 constituting the power generation device 700 is inserted into the hole 714 in the side wall 712 of the box-shaped base 710. The columnar body 110 is sealed by a seal member 116 made of an elastic member such as rubber fitted in the hole 14 of the side wall 12 of the base 710. In other words, the columnar body 110 is inserted through the seal member 116 fitted in the side wall 12 of the duct 10.

Therefore, the columnar body 110 is provided on the side wall 712 of the base portion 710 so as to vibrate in a direction intersecting the axial direction.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
The power generator 700 is installed in a place where wind blows. The direction of the wind is indicated by an arrow R. Since the vibrating body 110 is set to vibrate by Karman vortices K1 and K2 (see FIG. 24B) generated on the rear side in the flow direction R of the columnar body 110 when the wind hits the columnar body 110, The vibrating body mainly vibrates along the X direction. That is, the end portion 110B vibrates in the arrow S1 direction with the seal member 116 as a fulcrum.

  And the electric power generation part 200 generates electric power by this vibration. That is, the vibration energy of the columnar body 110 that vibrates when hit by the wind is converted into electric energy.

  In this embodiment, the columnar body 110 is vibrated by applying wind, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the power generation device 700 may be installed in a river or the sea. Alternatively, the power generation device 700 may be installed in the duct 10. In this case, power can be generated at an arbitrary place in the duct.

2. Description of the Related Art A power generation apparatus that performs hydroelectric power generation by rotating a screw disposed in a river or the sea is known. It has been reported that in such a power generation apparatus configured to rotate the screw, a flotation object or the like is entangled with the rotation shaft of the screw, and a failure occurs.
On the other hand, in the power generation apparatus to which the present invention is applied, only a columnar body having a very simple shape is installed in the river or in the sea, and power is generated by vibrating the columnar body instead of rotating. Therefore, it is difficult for the drifting material to get tangled in the columnar body. Moreover, even if entangled, it can be easily removed.
Therefore, the power generation device to which the present invention is applied has no member that vibrates and rotates by rotating a columnar body arranged in the river or the sea, for example, compared with a power generation device configured to rotate a screw, There are few and it is excellent in durability.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Needless to say, the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the scope of the present invention.

10 Duct (Piping)
20 Coil spring (support member)
22 weight 38 magnet (first member, second member)
40 Coil (first member, second member)
62 Weight 100 Power generation device 110 Columnar body (vibrating body)
120 Plate (vibrating body)
140 Piezoelectric element (second member)
142 weight (first member)
144A electrode (first member)
144B electrode (first member)
150 Piezoelectric element (second member)
152 weight (second member)
154 Prop (first member)
156A electrode (first member)
156B Electrode (first member)
178 Electret (first member)
180 Counter electrode (second member)
300 Power generation device 302 Vibration transmission member 310 Power generation device 312 Splitter plate (plate member)
312A Side surface 320 Power generation device 322 Amplifying member 400 Power generation device 502 Plate portion (vibration member)
600 Power generation device 602 Magnet (first member)
612 Shaft (vibration transmission member)
621 Weight 622 Coil (second member)
630 Seal member (support member)
700 Power generator

Claims (4)

A vibrator disposed in a fluid and supported to vibrate;
A vibration amplifying structure comprising: a weight; and a support member that swingably supports the weight on a vibration transmission member that vibrates when vibration is transmitted from the vibration body or the vibration body,
A first member fixed to the weight and a second member provided so as to be relatively movable with respect to the first member, and electric power is generated by relative movement between the first member and the second member. Power generation means;
A power generator comprising: The vibrating body is a columnar body arranged with the direction intersecting the flow direction of the fluid as a longitudinal direction,
The power generator according to claim 1, further comprising a plate-like member having a side surface disposed along the flow direction downstream of the columnar body in the fluid flow direction and extending along the longitudinal direction of the columnar body. . The vibrating body is a columnar body arranged with the direction intersecting the flow direction of the fluid as a longitudinal direction,
3. The power generation device according to claim 1, further comprising a columnar amplifying member disposed in parallel with the columnar body along a longitudinal direction of the columnar body on an upstream side of the columnar body.   The power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one or more vibrating bodies are provided in a pipe through which a fluid flows or in an opening of the pipe.