CN103701364B - A kind of wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device, comprising a fan, a fixed support, a rotating permanent magnet, a rotating shaft, a fixed permanent magnet, a spring, a support frame and at least two piezoelectric generating beams, the rotating permanent magnet is fixed to the fan On the same rotating shaft, the supporting frame is fixed on the fixed support by four identical springs, and one end of each piezoelectric generating beam is fixed on the supporting frame; the fixed permanent magnet is fixed on the lower end of the supporting frame, and the piezoelectric The power generation beam is composed of a metal quality block, an elastic metal sheet, an upper piezoelectric sheet and a lower piezoelectric sheet. The metal mass block is fixed on the free end of the elastic metal sheet, and the upper piezoelectric sheet and the lower piezoelectric sheet are respectively pasted on the elastic metal sheet. upper and lower surfaces. The invention converts the wind energy in the external environment into mechanical vibration energy, and generates electric energy, so that the work of the piezoelectric generating device is not limited by the mechanical vibration source, and is convenient to use and has strong expansibility.

Description

A wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of new energy and electronic technology, and in particular relates to a wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, the demand for energy is increasing day by day. Environmental pollution and energy shortage have become a common problem plaguing all countries in the world, and the resulting environmental degradation and energy crisis have gradually begun to affect economic development and people live. Under this pressure, scientific and technological workers from all over the world began to explore and develop new energy sources, such as solar energy, wind energy, wave energy, vibration energy, etc. Among them, the piezoelectric power generation device is a new type of micro power generation device. In theory, its power supply life only depends on the life of each component that makes up the power generation device. It is clean and environmentally friendly, and is a typical "green" energy technology.

Based on this, various types of piezoelectric generators have emerged, such as cantilever beam structures, Cymbal structures, and stacked structures. Throughout the research status of piezoelectric power generation technology, the energy collected by the above piezoelectric power generation device mainly comes from the mechanical vibration source of the surrounding environment, that is, the designed piezoelectric power generation device is mainly a vibrating piezoelectric power generation device. Although the vibration piezoelectric power generation device has high efficiency, it must have a mechanical vibration source to play its role. In some special cases, it is difficult to find an effective vibration source to realize the power generation capacity of the device, such as in deserted islands, unmanned In remote places such as mountains, this brings inconvenience to the energy supply of field communication and sensor network equipment. Considering the abundant wind energy resources in the external environment, how to apply the wind energy in the external environment to piezoelectric power generation devices is a very worthy research direction.

Therefore, someone designed a device as described in the accompanying drawing 1 of the patent document CN201310357008.9, which is driven by wind to rotate the piezoelectric generator charger, and fully utilizes the low-speed wind energy in the environment to provide permanent power supply for wireless sensor nodes. Although this structure uses non-contact magnetic excitation However, the electromagnetic force of this patent and some other patents directly acts on the end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, and the distance between the permanent magnet at the end of the cantilever beam and the permanent magnet on the turntable needs to be accurately calculated, otherwise it is easy to make the piezoelectric The piezoelectric ceramic on the electric cantilever is brittle due to excessive deformation, that is, the deformation of the piezoelectric cantilever is not easy to control. In addition, the number of cantilever beams provided in this patent is limited to a certain extent, because the dense distribution of piezoelectric cantilever beams will cause the cantilever beams to interact due to the permanent magnets at the ends of the cantilever beams. Furthermore, due to the limitation of the design structure, the expansion of the patent structure is limited, which brings difficulties to the follow-up improvement design of the patent.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device for the defects and deficiencies in the aforementioned background technology. The work of the electric generating device is not limited by the mechanical vibration source, and it is easy to use and has strong expansibility.

The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, and the technical solution adopted is:

The present invention provides a wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device, including a fan, a fixed support, a rotating permanent magnet, a rotating shaft, a fixed permanent magnet, a spring, a supporting frame and at least two piezoelectric generating beams, the rotating permanent magnet It is fixed on the same rotating shaft as the fan, and the N poles of each rotating permanent magnet point to the axis of the rotating shaft. The supporting frame is fixed on the fixed support by four identical springs, and one end of each piezoelectric generating beam is fixed on the supporting frame. Above; the fixed permanent magnet is fixed on the lower end of the support frame, and the S pole of the fixed permanent magnet points to the rotation axis, and the piezoelectric power generation beam is composed of a metal quality block, an elastic metal sheet, an upper piezoelectric sheet and a lower piezoelectric sheet, The metal quality block is fixed on the free end and the bend of the elastic metal sheet, and the upper layer piezoelectric sheet and the lower layer piezoelectric sheet are pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic metal sheet respectively.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the size parameters of the metal mass block, the elastic metal sheet, the upper piezoelectric sheet and the lower piezoelectric sheet of each piezoelectric generating beam are different. In the present invention, the component parameters of the piezoelectric cantilever beam The design realizes the parameter variation of different piezoelectric cantilever beams.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the piezoelectric generating beam is a piezoelectric cantilever beam or an L-shaped piezoelectric generating beam. Since the piezoelectric generating beam of the present invention is relatively independent in structure, it can be replaced with an L-shaped piezoelectric generating beam without being restricted by its shape. beam.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the metal mass block at the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever is a permanent magnet, and there is a coil winding on the fixed support. The scope of the present invention is very wide. Through this structure, the piezoelectric cantilever can even be Part of it is designed as a piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite structure to realize piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite power generation.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the piezoelectric sheet is made of piezoelectric ceramics, which have high piezoelectricity. The present invention uses piezoelectric ceramics as the piezoelectric material, which can greatly improve the energy collection effect of the device.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the piezoelectric sheet has a rectangular or triangular shape and is polarized along the thickness direction. Since the piezoelectric cantilever beam of the present invention is relatively independent in structure, there are few restrictions on the shape of the piezoelectric sheet, and a rectangular or triangular shape can be used. .

As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is k, k is a positive integer, the number of the rotating permanent magnets is n, and n is a positive integer, and each rotating permanent magnet is evenly distributed in the rotating On the axis, since the piezoelectric cantilever beam of the present invention is relatively independent in structure, it can be expanded in a wide range, so multiple piezoelectric cantilever beams can be used, and the structure of the piezoelectric cantilever beam can also be changed.

After adopting the above scheme, the present invention can also be installed and used when it is difficult to find an effective vibration source by arranging a fan, a rotating permanent magnet, a fixed permanent magnet, a spring, a supporting frame and a plurality of piezoelectric cantilever beams; Piezoelectric cantilever beams with different size parameters can be set in the electric power generation device, which broadens the frequency band of energy collection of the piezoelectric power generation device and enhances the practicability of the device. The effect of the electromagnetic force between the rotating permanent magnets realizes the forced vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, so the electromagnetic force does not directly act on the piezoelectric cantilever beam, so the piezoelectric cantilever beam has a protective effect, because the piezoelectric cantilever beam of the present invention Relatively independent, so the application of the present invention has strong scalability. That is to say, the piezoelectric transducing part in the support frame is not necessarily limited to the piezoelectric cantilever beam, but can also be set as an L-shaped piezoelectric generating beam, or even a piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite structure can be implemented.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the prior art of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the piezoelectric generating beam of the present invention being a piezoelectric cantilever beam;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of piezoelectric cantilever beam in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an L-shaped piezoelectric generating beam of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite structure of the piezoelectric generating beam of the present invention;

The specific components are as follows:

1. Fan; 2. Fixed support; 3. Rotating permanent magnet;

4. Rotating shaft; 5. Fixed permanent magnet; 6. Spring;

7. Support frame; 8. Piezoelectric cantilever beam; 81. Metal quality block;

82. Elastic metal sheet; 83. Upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 84. Lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet;

9. L-shaped piezoelectric beam; 10. Coil winding.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the invention is described in detail:

The present invention is shown in conjunction with Fig. 2, and the present invention provides a wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric generator, including a fan 1, a fixed support 2, a rotating permanent magnet 3, a rotating shaft 4, a fixed permanent magnet 5, a spring 6, and a supporting frame 7 and a plurality of piezoelectric cantilever beams 8 will be introduced respectively below.

The number of rotating permanent magnets 3 in the present invention is n, where n is a positive integer, and each rotating permanent magnet 3 is evenly distributed on the rotating shaft 4 along the circumferential direction.

The number of piezoelectric cantilever beams 8 of the present invention can be selected according to the actual situation. For example, two are selected in this embodiment, one end of which is fixed on the support frame 7, and the other end is provided with a metal quality block 81 and is in a free state, as shown in FIG. 3 As shown, the piezoelectric cantilever 8 in this embodiment includes a metal quality block 81, an elastic metal sheet 82, an upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet 83 and a lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet 84, wherein the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet 83 and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet The ceramic sheets 84 are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the elastic metal sheet 82 in the same direction to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy by means of the positive piezoelectric effect. The upper layer piezoelectric ceramic sheet 83 and the lower layer piezoelectric ceramic sheet 84 are along the Polarization in the thickness direction; the metal quality block 81 is arranged at the free end of the elastic metal sheet 82 to reduce the natural frequency of vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 8 .

When this embodiment is working, the device is placed in a certain windy external environment and fixed by means of the fixed support 2; the wind energy in the environment will drive the fan 1 to rotate, and the rotation of the fan 1 will drive the rotating shaft 4 to rotate Movement, using the repulsive force of the rotating permanent magnets 3 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 4 on the fixed permanent magnets 5 fixed on the support frame 7, will cause the multiple piezoelectric cantilever beams 8 in the device to generate forced vibrations, and the elastic metal The sheet 82 will produce alternating bending deformations, so that the upper layer piezoelectric ceramic sheet 83 and the lower layer piezoelectric ceramic sheet 84 pasted on the elastic metal sheet 82 will produce alternating bending deformations. According to the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, On the positive and negative electrode surfaces of the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet 83 and the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet 84, positive and negative opposite charges are generated, which realizes the conversion from wind energy to electric energy; in addition, because the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet 83 and The polarization direction of the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet 84 is opposite, so charges of the same sign will be generated on the upper electrode surface of the upper piezoelectric ceramic sheet 83 and the lower electrode surface of the lower piezoelectric ceramic sheet 84 . In addition, since piezoelectric cantilever beams 8 of different sizes and parameters can be set in the piezoelectric generator, the frequency band of energy collected by the piezoelectric generator is wider, that is, the piezoelectric generator can realize wind energy within a certain wind speed range in the external environment. Efficient collection. It can be seen that the present invention realizes high-efficiency wind energy collection in a wide wind speed range.

In addition, the present invention can also design the piezoelectric generating beam as an L-shaped piezoelectric generating beam 9 as shown in FIG. 4 or design the piezoelectric generating beam as a piezoelectric cantilever beam 8 as shown in FIG. magnet, and a coil winding 10 is arranged on the support frame 7, and the piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite structure is used to realize piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite power generation. .

In summary, the wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device proposed by the present invention can sense the wind speed within a certain range, and can also collect relatively high energy when it is difficult to find an effective vibration source, effectively broadening the range of the piezoelectric power generation device. The range of use of the power generation device has enhanced its practicability.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other form, and any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present invention still belongs to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention .

Claims (7)

1. A wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device, characterized in that it includes a fan (1), a fixed support (2), a rotating permanent magnet (3), a rotating shaft (4), a fixed permanent magnet (5), A spring (6), a supporting frame (7) and at least two piezoelectric generating beams, the rotating permanent magnet (3) and the fan (1) are fixed on the same rotating shaft (4), and each rotating permanent magnet (3) The N poles point to the axis of the rotating shaft (4), the support frame (7) is fixed on the fixed support (2) through 4 identical springs (6), and one end of each piezoelectric generating beam is fixed to the support frame (7 ); the fixed permanent magnet (5) is fixed on the lower end of the support frame (7), and the S pole of the fixed permanent magnet (5) points to the rotation axis (4), and the piezoelectric power generation beam is composed of a metal mass (81) , an elastic metal sheet (82), an upper layer piezoelectric sheet and a lower layer piezoelectric sheet, the metal quality block (81) is fixed on the free end or bend of the elastic metal sheet (82), the upper layer piezoelectric sheet and the lower layer piezoelectric sheet Respectively pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic metal sheet (82), the metal quality block (81), elastic metal sheet (82), upper piezoelectric sheet and lower piezoelectric sheet of each piezoelectric power generation beam The size parameters are different. 2. The wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the piezoelectric power generation beam is a piezoelectric cantilever beam (8) or an L-shaped piezoelectric power generation beam (9). 3. The wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the metal mass (81) at the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam (8) is a permanent magnet, and the support frame (7) There is a coil winding (10). 4. The wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sheet is made of piezoelectric ceramics. 5. The wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sheet is rectangular or triangular in shape and polarized along the thickness direction. 6. The wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is k, and k is a positive integer. 7. The wind-induced vibration broadband piezoelectric generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the rotating permanent magnets is n, n is a positive integer, and each rotating permanent magnet is evenly distributed on the rotating shaft along the circumferential direction .