JP2011115741A - Treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To more effectively utilize a thermal energy emitted from the heater of a deodorizing machine for the heating treatment to an object to be treated. <P>SOLUTION: The treatment device comprises: a deodorizing machine including a treatment chamber which makes a heating treatment of the object to be treated, a heater part which receives the air to be introduced from the treatment chamber and a deodorizing part which deodorizes the air passing through the heater part; a discharging passage which guides the air discharged from the deodorizing machine after passing through both heater part and the deodorizing part, to the outside of the treatment chamber; and a reflux passage which returns the air discharged from the deodorizing machine after passing through at least the heater part, of the two alternatives of the heater part and the deodorizing part, to the treatment chamber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for heating an object to be processed.

  In an apparatus that heats an object to be processed, it is desirable to save energy, such as a reduction in power consumption of a heater for heating. For example, in a waste treatment apparatus that reduces the amount of waste such as garbage, a heater that heats the inside of the tank when it is fermented and decomposed by the action of microorganisms in the treatment tank and dried is required. However, it is desirable to save energy.

  Here, in this kind of waste treatment apparatus, the water (water vapor) removed from the waste is discharged as exhaust gas to the outside of the apparatus, but since it is accompanied by the odor of waste, it is exhausted after deodorizing with a deodorizer. Is done. For deodorization, a deodorizer is generally used that includes an oxidation catalyst and a heater that heats air to a temperature suitable for the oxidation catalyst. When the air heated by the heater of the deodorizer is exhausted, the heat energy is exhausted wastefully. Thus, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a device in which a deodorizer is disposed in a tank and a circulating airflow is applied to an exhaust pipe of the deodorizer passing through the tank. In this apparatus, the heater of the deodorizer is used for heating in the tank by heating the air in the tank by heat exchange through the exhaust pipe of the deodorizer.

JP 2002-059112 A

  However, in the apparatus of Patent Document 1, the use of heat energy generated by the heater of the deodorizer depends on the efficiency of heat exchange through the exhaust pipe of the deodorizer. For this reason, if the efficiency of heat exchange is low, the heat energy emitted by the heater of the deodorizer will be discharged outside the apparatus without being used for heating in the tank.

  An object of the present invention is to more effectively utilize the heat energy of the heater of the deodorizer for the heating treatment of the object to be treated.

  According to the present invention, a deodorizer having a processing chamber that heats a processing target, a heater unit into which air in the processing chamber is introduced, and a deodorizing unit that deodorizes air that has passed through the heater unit. A discharge passage that guides the air discharged from the deodorizer through both the heater unit and the deodorizing unit, and at least the heater unit out of the heater unit and the deodorizing unit. And a recirculation passage for returning the air discharged from the deodorizer to the treatment chamber.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the thermal energy of the heater of a deodorizer can be utilized more effectively for the heating process of a process target object.

1 is an external view of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Explanatory drawing of the internal structure of the said processing apparatus. The block diagram of a control part. Explanatory drawing of the internal structure of the processing apparatus which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the internal structure of the processing apparatus which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the example of the change of the water vapor | steam amount of the air in a processing tank when ventilation volume and heating are made constant. The flowchart of the process which a control part performs. The figure which shows the example of the change of the water vapor | steam amount of the air in a processing tank, the temperature in a tank, and ventilation. Explanatory drawing of the internal structure of the processing apparatus which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. (A) Explanatory drawing of flow volume and heater control, (B) is a figure which shows the other structural example for flow volume control. The flowchart of the flow control process which a control part performs. The flowchart of the heater control process which a control part performs.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is an external view of a processing apparatus A according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure of the processing apparatus A. In the figure, the arrow Z indicates the vertical direction (the height direction of the processing apparatus A), the arrows X and Y are orthogonal to each other (the X direction is the width direction of the processing apparatus A, and the Y direction is the depth direction of the processing apparatus A). ). The processing apparatus A is a waste processing apparatus for reducing the amount of waste such as garbage.

<Outline of device>
As shown in FIG. 1, a door 1 that opens and closes a loading port 1a for loading garbage is rotatably provided on the upper surface of the processing apparatus A. An operation unit 3 is also provided on the upper surface of the processing apparatus A. The operation unit 3 is provided with a switch or the like for the user to instruct the processing apparatus A to start and stop processing. On the front surface of the processing apparatus A, an opening 2 for discharging the weight-reduced waste, and a door 2a for opening and closing the opening 2 are rotatably provided. When the door 1 and the door 2a are closed, a seal member (not shown) is provided around the door 1 and the door 2a so that the airtightness of the processing chamber 10 in the processing apparatus A is maintained.

  Referring to FIG. 2, processing apparatus A includes a bottom plate 4, and a caster 5 is attached to the lower surface of the processing apparatus A to facilitate the movement of processing apparatus A. On the bottom plate 4, partition walls 6 to 8 are provided upright apart from each other in the X direction. The partition walls 6 to 8 are partition walls fixed to the bottom plate 4 and partition the space in the processing chamber 10.

  In the processing chamber 10, for example, waste such as garbage is heated as a processing target. Specifically, it is a waste reduction process by a fermentation process as a pretreatment of waste and a drying process as a posttreatment. A space between the partition wall 6 and the partition wall 7 forms a waste treatment tank 101 that mainly performs a fermentation process. A space between the partition wall 7 and the partition wall 8 forms a waste treatment tank 102 that mainly performs a drying process. A collection chamber 103 partitioned by a partition wall 8 is formed on the side of the processing tank 102 in the X direction. The waste reduced in volume is introduced into the recovery chamber 103 from the processing tank 102. The recovery chamber 103 mainly maintains the dry state of the waste. The collection chamber 103 communicates with the discharge port 2, and the weight-reduced waste can be taken out from the collection chamber 103 by opening the door 2 a. In the present embodiment, the processing chamber is divided into three. However, a configuration in which the processing chamber is not divided, a configuration in which the processing chamber is divided in two or less, or a configuration in which the processing chamber is divided into four or more may be used.

  The processing apparatus A includes a drive unit 20. The drive unit 20 includes a drive shaft 21 that traverses the processing tanks 101 and 102. The drive shaft 21 extends in the X direction and is rotatably supported by bearings 22 provided on the partition walls 6 to 8 respectively. The drive unit 20 also includes a sprocket 23 fixed to one end portion of the drive shaft 21 and a motor 24. A belt transmission mechanism is configured by winding a belt around the sprocket 23 and a sprocket fixed to the output shaft of the motor 24. The drive shaft 21 is rotated by driving the motor 24.

  A plurality of stirring rods 25 extending in the radial direction are attached to the drive shaft 21. As the drive shaft 21 rotates, the waste in the treatment tanks 101 and 102 is stirred by the stirring rod 25. In this embodiment, the rod-like stirring rod 25 is employed, but any shape that can stir the inside of the tank may be used. A communication hole 71 that allows the processing tank 101 and the processing tank 102 to communicate with each other is formed below the partition wall 7, and waste can be moved from the processing tank 101 to the processing tank 102 by stirring with the stirring rod 25. ing.

  In the present embodiment, the communication hole 71 is provided in the lower part of the partition wall 7 so that the waste can be moved from the processing tank 101 to the processing tank 102. However, an opening is provided in the upper part of the partition wall 7 to provide the partition wall. If the waste overflows from the treatment tank 101 to the treatment tank 102 beyond 7, the waste may be movable.

  The waste in the treatment tank 102 falls over the partition wall 8 to the collection chamber 103 due to an increase in the amount of accumulation, and accumulates in the collection chamber 103. In this embodiment, the waste can move from the processing tank 102 to the recovery chamber 103 beyond the partition wall 8, but a communication hole is provided in the lower part of the partition wall 8 and discarded from the processing tank 102 to the recovery chamber 103. The waste may be movable when the material underflows.

<Weight loss treatment>
The processing for reducing the amount of waste such as garbage by the processing apparatus A will be described. Known methods for reducing food waste include a method of simply dehydrating food waste, a method of drying food waste, and a decomposition treatment (fermentation treatment) using microorganisms. In the present embodiment, the weight loss process is a combination of the decomposition process and the drying process, but other methods may be used.

  The garbage thrown in from the loading port 1a enters the treatment tank 101 first. The garbage RD1 containing a large amount of moisture in the treatment tank 101 is decomposed by the action of a base material that becomes a fungus bed such as microorganisms present in the garbage RD1 or pre-loaded large sawdust. At that time, the uniform decomposition of the garbage RD1 is promoted by the stirring by the stirring rod 25.

  The garbage RD1 in the processing tank 101 which has been reduced in weight due to the progress of the decomposition process moves from the processing tank 101 to the processing tank 102 through the communication hole 71 in the lower part of the partition wall 7. The garbage RD2 in the treatment tank 102 is dried by blowing heated air exhausted from the duct 51 as will be described later. The garbage RD <b> 2 that has been dried and accumulated in the treatment tank 102 overflows from the treatment tank 102 and is discharged into the collection chamber 103. In the recovery chamber 103, garbage residue RD3 generated by such weight reduction processing is deposited.

<Deodorization and heating>
Drying of the waste is promoted by discharging the moisture (water vapor) out of the processing chamber 10. On the other hand, due to fermentation of waste, the air in the processing chamber 10 has an unpleasant odor, so it is not desirable to discharge it as it is. Therefore, the deodorizer 30 deodorizes and discharges.

  On the other hand, since fermentation of waste is promoted by the activation of microorganisms, it is necessary to heat the inside of the treatment tank 101 in order to maintain the temperature and humidity suitable for the activation of microorganisms. Moreover, in order to dry a waste, it is necessary to heat at higher temperature. In the present embodiment, the heat energy of the heater unit 32 provided in the deodorizer 30 is used for heating in the processing chamber 10. In addition, although another heater can be arranged in parallel for heating in the processing chamber 10, energy saving can be achieved by heating only by the heater part 32. FIG.

  The deodorizer 30 includes a case unit 31, a heater unit 32, and a deodorization unit 33. The case part 31 is a hollow body provided with one intake port 31a and two exhaust ports 31b and 31c, and the heater part 32 and the deodorizing part 33 are accommodated in the internal space.

  The heater unit 32 is disposed closer to the intake port 31a than the deodorizing unit 33, and the air in the processing chamber 10 introduced into the case unit 31 through the intake port 31a first passes through the heater unit 32. . The air heated through the heater part 32 passes through the deodorizing part 33 and is discharged from the exhaust port 31b or 31c. The deodorization part 33 is an oxidation catalyst, for example, and the heater part 32 heats air so that it may become a temperature suitable for the activation temperature of an oxidation catalyst.

  One end of a discharge duct 50 is connected to the exhaust port 31b. The other end of the discharge duct 50 is located in the ventilation chamber 11. The ventilation chamber 11 is partitioned from the processing chamber 10 by the wall portion 9 and communicates with the external space of the processing apparatus A through the ventilation hole 111. The wall 9 is formed with an opening 9 a that serves as an outside air intake into the processing chamber 10. When the door 1 and the door 2a are closed, the processing chamber 10 communicates with the external space of the processing apparatus A only through the opening 9a and is substantially sealed.

  The discharge duct 50 extends through the opening 9 a into the ventilation chamber 11, and the air discharged from the deodorizer 30 through both the heater 32 and the deodorizing unit 33 is discharged outside the processing chamber 10. A discharge passage is formed. A blower 62 is connected to the other end of the discharge duct 50. The blower 62 sucks the air heated and deodorized by the deodorizer 30 from the discharge duct 50 and exhausts it to the outside of the processing apparatus A through the duct 62a and the ventilation hole 111.

  When the air in the processing chamber 10 is exhausted by the blower 62, the processing chamber 10 has a negative pressure correspondingly, so that the outside air corresponding to the exhausted air amount enters the processing chamber 10 through the opening 9a. Naturally inhaled. One end of the outside air introduction duct 52 is airtightly connected to the opening 9 a, and the other end of the outside air introduction duct 52 is open in the ventilation chamber 11. Therefore, the outside air corresponding to the exhausted air amount is naturally sucked into the processing chamber 10 through the outside air introduction duct 52, and the outside air introduction duct 52 forms an outside air introduction passage for introducing outside air.

  The discharge duct 50 passes through the outside air introduction duct 52, and these form a double pipe. In the present embodiment, the exhaust duct 50 and the outside air introduction duct 52 are thus formed into a double pipe structure, so that air passing through the discharge duct 50 (heated and deodorized air in the processing chamber 10) and outside air are introduced. Heat exchange with the air (outside air) passing through the duct 52 is performed (heat exchange part hex1). In the present embodiment, the heat exchanging unit hex1 has a double pipe structure. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, two ducts may be arranged close to each other, and one duct may be connected to the other duct. The structure wound in a spiral may be used. In order to facilitate heat exchange, the discharge duct 50 is preferably formed of a metal material or the like having good thermal conductivity in at least the double pipe structure forming portion.

  One end of the reflux duct 51 is connected to the exhaust port 31c. The other end of the reflux duct 51 is opened in the processing chamber 10, and is open in the processing tank 102 in the present embodiment. The reflux duct 51 forms a reflux passage that returns the air exhausted from the deodorizer 30 through both the heater section 32 and the deodorization section 33 to the processing chamber 10. As described above, in this embodiment, a part of the air discharged from the deodorizer 30 is returned to the processing chamber 10, and the air heated by the heater unit 32 is sent to the garbage in the processing tank 102 from the reflux duct 51. Sprayed on RD2 to promote its drying.

  The processing tank 101 and the processing tank 102 communicate with each other through a communication hole 72 provided in the upper part of the partition wall 7. Therefore, the heated air discharged from the reflux duct 51 into the treatment tank 102 flows into the treatment tank 101 through the communication hole 72 and heats the inside of the treatment tank 101. As a result, fermentation or drying of the garbage RD1 is promoted.

  A part of the deodorized / heated air passing through the deodorizer 30 is guided to the treatment tank 102 via the duct 31c. A communication hole 72 that allows the processing tank 101 and the processing tank 102 to communicate with each other is formed in the upper portion of the partition wall 7, and the air guided from the duct 31 c to the processing tank 102 passes through the communication hole 72 to the processing tank 101. Inflow. The processing tank 101 is provided with a blower 60. The blower 60 sucks and blows air in the processing tank 101 in a direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 2 to circulate the air in the processing tank 101. Thereby, garbage RD1 in the processing tank 101 is heated more uniformly, and uniform fermentation and drying are accelerated | stimulated.

  The blower 61 sucks the air in the treatment tank 101 through the duct 61 a passing through the partition wall 7 and blows it to the deodorizer 30. In the case of this embodiment, since the processing tank 101 mainly performs a fermentation process of waste, a bad odor is likely to occur in the processing tank 101. A negative pressure is generated in the processing tank 101 by the blower 61 sucking in air with a bad odor in the processing tank 101, and the processing tank 101 passes through the communication hole 72 from the processing tank 102 to the outside air and the deodorized air. The air-fuel mixture flows in. Thereby, the air with a bad odor in the processing tank 101 decreases, and the degree to which the air with a bad odor is released when the door 1 is opened is reduced.

  The blower 61 blows the air in the processing tank 101 to the deodorizer 30 through the duct 61 b and the air introduction member 40. The air introduction member 40 is an airtight hollow body including a hollow support portion 41 that houses the deodorizer 30 and a duct portion 42 that extends from the support portion 41. The duct 61b is connected to the duct portion 42, and the air blown by the blower 61 is blown into the support portion 41 through the duct 61b and the duct portion 42, and flows into the heater portion 32 from the intake port 31a of the deodorizer 30. To do.

  The support part 41 has an opening through which the reflux duct 51 passes, and extends the reflux duct 51 from the support part 41 to the outside. In addition, by providing a seal member or the like between the opening and the reflux duct 51, the two can be hermetically sealed.

  In the duct portion 42, the discharge duct 50 passes partway to form a double pipe, and the discharge duct 50 passes through an opening provided in the peripheral wall of the duct portion 42 and extends out of the duct portion 42. . A seal member or the like is disposed between the opening and the discharge duct 50, so that the space between the two can be made airtight.

  In the present embodiment, the discharge duct 50 and the duct portion 42 have a double pipe structure, so that the air that passes through the discharge duct 50 (heated and deodorized air in the processing chamber 10) and the duct portion 42 pass. The heat exchange with the air in the treatment tank 101 is performed (heat exchange unit hex2). In the present embodiment, the heat exchange part hex2 has a double pipe structure, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, two ducts may be arranged close to each other, and one duct may be connected to the other duct. The structure wound in a spiral may be used. In order to facilitate heat exchange, the discharge duct 50 is preferably formed of a metal material or the like having good thermal conductivity in at least the double pipe structure forming portion.

  The air introduction member 40 is supported by the support member 40a so as to be suspended from the wall portion 9. For this reason, the deodorizer 30 is in a state of being spaced apart from each wall portion that defines the processing chamber 10. This can prevent the heat generated by the heater part 32 from being wastedly released from the respective walls that define the processing chamber 10 to the outside of the processing apparatus A.

  Further, the deodorizer 30 can be disposed outside the processing chamber 10, but in the present embodiment, the deodorizer 30 is disposed in the processing chamber 10. For this reason, the heat generated by the heater unit 32 is also useful for heating in the processing chamber 10. Further, in the present embodiment, the deodorizer 30 is disposed outside the processing tank 101 and is disposed from the processing tank 102 to the recovery chamber 103. This arrangement, combined with the blowing of air from the reflux duct 51 to the treatment tank 102, is useful for making the treatment tank 101 relatively cold and the treatment tank 102 relatively hot. To accelerate the drying of the waste, it is sufficient if the temperature is higher, but if the temperature of the fermentation of the waste is too high, the activity of the microorganisms is deteriorated or killed. Therefore, it is desirable that the processing tank 101 has a lower temperature than the processing tank 102.

<Control unit>
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the control unit 12 of the processing apparatus A. The control unit 12 includes a CPU 121, a ROM 122, a RAM 123, and an I / F (interface) 124. The CPU 121 acquires the operation state of the operation unit 3 via the I / F 124 and controls the blowers 60, 61, 62, the heater unit 32, and the motor 24. The ROM 122 stores control programs executed by the CPU 121 and data. The RAM 123 stores temporary data. The ROM 122 and the RAM 123 may employ other types of storage means.

<Operation example of processing apparatus A>
The control unit 12 drives the blowers 60 to 62, the heater unit 32, and the motor 24 when an instruction to start processing is given from the operation unit 3. Air with a strange odor in the processing tank 101 is sucked by the blower 61 and sent to the deodorizer 30. The delivered air is heated by the heater unit 32 of the deodorizer 30 and deodorized by the deodorization unit 33.

  Part of the heated and deodorized air is discharged out of the processing apparatus A through the discharge duct 50 and the blower 62. On the other hand, the remaining heated and deodorized air is blown to the garbage RD2 in the treatment tank 102 through the reflux duct 51, and drying thereof is promoted. In this way, the heated and deodorized air is not exhausted and used for heating in the processing chamber 10, so that the heat energy of the heater unit 32 of the deodorizer 30 can be more effectively used for heating the waste. Can be used.

  Of the heated and deodorized air, the air discharged to the outside of the processing apparatus A is heat-exchanged with the air with a strange odor in the processing tank 101 in the heat exchange section hex2 in the process of passing through the discharge duct 50. Since the air after deodorization that has passed through the deodorizer 30 has a higher temperature than the air that has a strange odor in the treatment tank 101, the air that has a strange odor in the treatment tank 101 has a higher temperature. It will be heated. As described above, since air with a strange odor in the treatment tank 101 is partially returned to the treatment tank 102 after deodorization, the heat energy of the heater part 32 is more effectively obtained by heating the heat exchange part hex2. In addition, it can be used for waste heat treatment.

  Of the heated and deodorized air, the air discharged to the outside of the processing apparatus A is heat-exchanged with the external air newly introduced into the processing chamber 10 in the heat exchange section hex1 in the process of passing through the discharge duct 50. . Since the temperature of the deodorized air that has passed through the deodorizer 30 is higher than the outside air by the amount that has passed through the heater section 32, the outside air is heated before being introduced into the processing chamber 10. For this reason, the thermal energy of the heater part 32 can be utilized more effectively for the heating treatment of the waste. Thus, in this embodiment, the heat energy of the heater part 32 that is released when the deodorized air is discharged from the processing apparatus A can be reduced, and can be used for the waste heat treatment.

Second Embodiment
In the first embodiment, the air discharged from the deodorizer 30 and returned to the treatment tank 102 by the reflux duct 51 is also passed through the deodorization unit 33. However, only the heater unit 32 may be passed. . FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure of the processing apparatus B according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  The processing apparatus B differs from the above processing apparatus A in the configuration of the deodorizer 30, but the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in the configuration of the processing device B, the same configuration as that of the processing device A is denoted by the same reference numeral and description thereof is omitted.

  In the deodorizer 30 of the present embodiment, the space in the case portion 31 on the exhaust ports 31 b and 31 c side from the heater portion 32 is airtightly divided by the partition wall 34. The deodorization part 33 is arrange | positioned in one division space, and the exhaust port 31b is connected, and the deodorization part 33 is not arrange | positioned in the other division space, but the exhaust port 31c is communicating. For this reason, the air discharged from the deodorizer 30 to the discharge duct 50 becomes air after heating and deodorization that has passed through the heater section 32 and the deodorization section 33, while the air discharged from the deodorizer 30 to the reflux duct 51 is The heated air that has passed through only the heater section 32 is obtained. Even with such a configuration, as in the first embodiment, the thermal energy of the heater unit 32 can be more effectively utilized for the waste heating process.

<Third Embodiment>
The degree of vaporization of water in waste varies depending on the amount of waste and temperature conditions. In this embodiment, the inside of the treatment tank is maintained in a state suitable for vaporization, and the drying process is performed efficiently. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure of the processing apparatus C according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  The processing device C is different from the processing device A described above in that a temperature sensor 80 and a heater unit 81 are provided, but the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in the configuration of the processing device C, the same configuration as that of the processing device A is denoted by the same reference numeral and description thereof is omitted. Needless to say, this embodiment and the second embodiment may be combined.

  The heater portion 81 is provided on the partition wall 6. The heater 81 heats the air in the processing tank 101 through the partition wall 6 by the heat generation. The heater unit 81 may be provided so as to surround the processing tank 101 or the processing tank 102.

  In the present embodiment, both the heater unit 32 and the heater unit 81 are used to heat the air in the processing tank, but either one may be used. For example, only the heater unit 32 may heat the air in the processing tank, and the heater unit 81 may be omitted.

<Detection of physical quantity related to humidity of air in treatment tank>
The temperature sensor 80 is disposed in the processing tank 101. The temperature sensor 80 detects the temperature (air temperature) as a physical quantity related to the humidity of the air in the processing tank 101. As a physical quantity related to humidity, a sensor that detects humidity itself may be employed. However, a humidity sensor that can detect the humidity of air that is inexpensive, highly reliable, and corrosive at high temperatures has not been put into practical use. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 80 is used to estimate the humidity, but any method can be used as long as a physical quantity capable of estimating the humidity can be detected.

  It is preferable that the temperature sensor 80 can detect only the temperature in the processing bath 101 more accurately. For this reason, in this embodiment, it is set as the structure which supports the temperature sensor 80 with the partition wall 6 via the supporting member 80a, and by separating the temperature sensor 80 from the wall part which demarcates the process tank 101, the partition wall 6 grade | etc., The influence of this temperature on the detection result of the temperature sensor 80 is reduced. The support member 80a is preferably a material having low thermal conductivity.

  Further, in order to reduce the influence of the temperature of the waste in the processing tank 101 on the detection result of the temperature sensor 80, the temperature sensor 80 is disposed in a relatively upper part in the processing tank 101. It is desirable to arrange the temperature sensor 80 at a position that does not come into contact with waste.

  In the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 80 is provided in the processing tank 101, but it may be provided in the processing tank 102.

<Ventilation of the air in the treatment tank>
As described above, the processing tanks 101 and 102 (and the recovery chamber 103) are ventilated by the blower 62. And ventilation volume can be changed by changing the ventilation volume of the air blower 62. FIG. When the blower 62 is stopped, the air in the processing tanks 101 and 102 and the recovery chamber 103 is not discharged to the outside of the processing apparatus C, and the outside air is not naturally sucked, so the ventilation amount becomes zero.

<Control unit>
In the case of this embodiment, the basic configuration of the control unit is the same as that of the control unit 12 (FIG. 3) of the first embodiment. However, the temperature sensor 80 is connected to the control unit 12 so that the CPU 121 can acquire the detection result of the temperature sensor 80, and the heater unit 81 is also connected to the control unit 12 so that the CPU 121 drives the heater unit 81. . Note that a drive circuit that makes the air flow variable for the blower 62 and a drive circuit that makes the heat generation variable for the heater unit 81 are provided.

<Example of drying treatment>
<Basic concept>
In order to perform the drying process of the waste in the processing tanks 101 and 102 for a short time and with less wasteful energy release, the rate at which the energy generated by the heaters 32 and 81 is used for the drying process of the waste is increased. It is necessary. Here, FIG. 6 shows a case in which the waste amount in the processing tanks 101 and 102 in the processing tanks 101 and 102 when the ventilation amount and heating (heater portions 32 and 81) in the processing tanks 101 and 102 are made constant and the new waste is dried. It is a figure which shows the example of the change of the water vapor | steam amount of air.

  As shown in the figure, the evaporation of water in the waste progresses with the passage of time, and the amount of water vapor in the processing tanks 101 and 102 increases, but saturates when reaching a certain amount. And the water | moisture content in waste decreases, the amount of water vapor | steam decreases, and drying is complete | finished.

  In the case of this example, the water vapor in the air in the processing tanks 101 and 102 is saturated in the section P2, and the heat energy emitted from the heaters 32 and 81 is not useful for drying waste and is consumed wastefully. (Discharged). Further, in the section P1, the rise in the amount of water vapor is slow, which indicates that the temperature rise in the tank is poor. This also means that the heat energy emitted from the heater parts 32 and 81 is consumed (discharged) wastefully.

  In this embodiment, the amount of ventilation in the tank is controlled so that the amount of water vapor in the tank is not saturated. That is, when the humidity of the air in the tank is relatively increased, the ventilation amount is relatively increased, so that the water vapor is not saturated as in the section P2. Thereby, the heat energy emitted from the heater units 32 and 81 can be consumed more efficiently for drying the waste. In addition, if the humidity of the air in the tank is relatively reduced, the heat energy for drying is insufficient, so the ventilation rate is relatively reduced. By controlling the ventilation amount in this way, the inside of the treatment tank can be maintained in a state suitable for vaporization, and the drying process can be performed efficiently.

  Further, at the start of drying, in order to sharpen the rise of the temperature in the tank, the ventilation amount is reduced, preferably 0. Thereby, vaporization of the water | moisture content in a waste can be accelerated | stimulated early at the time of drying start.

  In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 80 estimates the humidity of the air in the tank and controls the ventilation amount. The ventilation amount of the air in the treatment tank controls the balance between the amount of water evaporated from the waste and the discharge amount to the outside of the treatment tank. That is, the heat energy applied by the heaters 32 and 81 is consumed as drying (vaporization) energy, air temperature rising energy, and discharge energy accompanying exhaust. For this reason, if the state of the temperature change in the treatment tank is detected, the vaporization state of the treatment tank can be determined, and the heat energy applied by the heater units 32 and 81 is preferentially used as drying (vaporization) energy. It becomes possible to control it so that it can be used.

  For example, if the temperature in the treatment tank changes at a constant value, all of the applied thermal energy is consumed as energy for vaporizing water in the waste. In this case, the current ventilation rate should be maintained.

  On the other hand, when the temperature in the treatment tank is rising, the relative humidity in the treatment tank is high and the water vapor is close to saturation. The heat energy is consumed as the temperature rising energy of the air. In this case, by increasing the ventilation amount, more air containing a large amount of water vapor in the treatment tank is discharged outside the treatment tank, and outside air corresponding to the air discharged outside the treatment tank is introduced into the treatment tank. Thus, it is possible to reduce the relative humidity in the treatment tank and promote moisture evaporation in the waste.

  Moreover, when the temperature in a processing tank is reducing, it is estimated that the amount of ventilation is too much compared with the amount of vaporization, and the vaporization of the water | moisture content in a waste becomes blunt. Therefore, in this case, by reducing the ventilation amount to an appropriate amount, unnecessary heat discharge from the treatment tank is suppressed, and moisture evaporation in the waste is promoted.

<Control example>
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of processing based on such a concept, and shows a flowchart of processing executed by the CPU 121 of the control unit 12. The user of the processing apparatus C instructs the start of processing from the operation unit 3 after throwing the waste into the apparatus. The CPU 121 executes the process shown in FIG.

  In S1, initial processing is performed. Here, the motor 24 is driven to start stirring the waste. The blower 62 is turned off, and the blowers 60 and 61 are turned on. By turning off the blower 62, the ventilation amount of the air in the processing tanks 101 and 102 becomes 0, and the air blows in the processing tanks 101 and 102 by the operation of the blowers 60 and 61. . Also, the heater units 32 and 81 are turned on. In this case, the outputs of the heater units 32 and 81 are set to the maximum (rated output). By maximizing the output, waste reduction processing, particularly drying, can be completed in a short time. Even if the output is maximized, the thermal energy is effectively utilized by controlling the ventilation amount. By these treatments, fermentation and drying of waste are started. The outputs of the heaters 32 and 81 remain constant at the maximum until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 80 reaches the specified temperature T2 (S5).

  In S2, the detection result of the temperature sensor 80 is acquired, and it is determined whether or not the detected temperature has reached the specified temperature T1. If the specified temperature T1 has been reached, the process proceeds to S3, and if not, the process proceeds to S4. The specified temperature T1 is a temperature at which the action of microorganisms and evaporation of water in the waste starts to be activated, and is, for example, 35 degrees Celsius.

  In S3, the blower 62 is operated. By raising the blower 62 to the specified temperature T1, the temperature rise in the tank can be improved. The ventilation amount (air flow rate) is relatively increased when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 80 (temperature in the tank) is relatively high, and is relatively decreased when the temperature is relatively low. Thereby, the inside of the processing tank 101 and 102 can be maintained in the state suitable for vaporization, and a drying process can be performed efficiently. In the present embodiment, the ventilation volume is calculated by multiplying the detected temperature by a constant k so that the ventilation volume is proportional to the detected temperature.

  In S4, the blower 62 is turned off and the process returns to S2. This is processing when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 80 becomes equal to or lower than the specified temperature T1 after the operation of the blower 62 is started.

  In S5, the detection result of the temperature sensor 80 is acquired, and it is determined whether or not the detected temperature has reached the specified temperature T2. If the specified temperature T2 has been reached, the process proceeds to S6, and if not, the process returns to S2. The specified temperature T2 is, for example, an upper limit temperature at which the water vapor of the air in the tank is close to saturation and the microorganisms are active, and is, for example, 80 degrees Celsius.

  When the temperature in the tank reaches the specified temperature T2, since the water vapor in the tank is close to saturation, the operation of the blower 62 is continued in S6, but the ventilation amount is maximized. In the case of this embodiment, the output of the heater unit 81 is decreased. The output of the heater unit 81 may be 0 or about half. In any case, the total output from the heater units 32 and 81 decreases. By reducing the heat energy from the heaters 32 and 81, the evaporation of moisture in the waste is suppressed, and the water vapor in the tank is not saturated (so that the heat energy is not wasted).

  In S7, the detection result of the temperature sensor 80 is acquired, and it is determined whether or not the detected temperature has reached the specified temperature T3. If the specified temperature T3 has been reached, the process proceeds to S8, and if not, the process returns to S2. The specified temperature T3 is a temperature at which there is almost no moisture in the waste to be evaporated, that is, a temperature at which drying is completed, and is, for example, 90 degrees Celsius.

  In S8, end processing is performed. Here, the motor 24, the fans 62, 60, 61 and the heater units 32, 381 are turned off. Thus, one unit of processing is completed.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of changes in the amount of water vapor in the processing tank, the temperature in the tank, and the amount of ventilation when the above control is performed. Since the ventilation amount is 0 from the start of the treatment until the temperature in the tank reaches the specified temperature T1, the rise is good, and the rise in the amount of water vapor in the tank is good. When the temperature in the tank is between the specified temperatures T1 and T2, the ventilation amount increases in proportion to the temperature in the tank, and the amount of water vapor in the tank is not saturated. When the temperature in the tank is between the specified temperatures T2 and T3, the ventilation amount is maximized to prevent saturation of the amount of water vapor in the tank, and the amount of water vapor in the tank is reduced due to a decrease in water content in the waste. Thus, the waste is dried and the processing is completed.

Thus, in this embodiment, the processing tank (101,102) which accommodates a process target object, the heating means (32) which heats the inside of the said processing tank, and the air in the said processing tank is ventilated with external air. A ventilation means (62), a detection means (80) for detecting a physical quantity related to the humidity of the air in the treatment tank, and the ventilation means are controlled, and the air in the treatment tank is based on the detection result of the detection means. Control means (12) for controlling the ventilation amount of
Is provided. In this embodiment, in addition to the efficient use of the heat energy of the heater section 32 of the deodorizer 30 by circulating the heated air of the reflux duct 51 in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the inside of the treatment tank is vaporized. It is possible to efficiently perform a drying process while maintaining a state suitable for the heat, and to effectively use heat energy synergistically.

<Fourth embodiment>
In the present embodiment, temperature control in the processing tank is realized without requiring a change in the input heat energy. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure of the processing apparatus D according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  The processing device D is different from the processing device B described above in that a temperature sensor 90 is provided, but the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in the configuration of the processing device D, the same configuration as that of the processing device B is denoted by the same reference numeral and description thereof is omitted. Needless to say, the present embodiment may be combined with the first embodiment or the third embodiment.

  The temperature sensor 90 is provided in the case portion 31, and is disposed in a divided space where the exhaust port 31c communicates. The temperature sensor 90 detects the temperature of the air that has passed through the heater unit 32. The temperature sensor 90 only needs to be able to detect the temperature of the air passing through the reflux duct 51. For example, when the deodorizer 30 has the configuration of the first embodiment, the temperature of the air flowing through the deodorization unit 33 and flowing into the reflux duct 51 is used. May be arranged so that can be detected.

<Control unit>
In the case of this embodiment, the basic configuration of the control unit is the same as that of the control unit 12 (FIG. 3) of the first embodiment. However, the temperature sensor 90 is connected to the control unit 12 so that the CPU 121 can acquire the detection result of the temperature sensor 90. Although not shown, a drive circuit that makes the air volume variable for the blower 61 and a drive circuit that makes the output (heat generation amount) variable for the heater unit 32 are provided.

<Flow rate / heater control>
Regarding the temperature control of the air in the processing tanks 101 and 102 by the heater unit 32, by making the thermal energy to be input without adopting the duty control as constant as possible, that is, by keeping the output of the heater unit 32 as constant as possible, It is possible to eliminate the time for the heater unit 32 to play and to equip the heater unit 32 with necessary output performance. In particular, in the case of heat drying processing of waste such as garbage, the processing can be completed in a short time if the output of the heater is maximized.

  In the present embodiment, the heater unit 32 is driven with a constant output in principle, and in particular, the output is driven at the maximum (rated output). By maintaining the output at the maximum, the heat energy per unit time given to the waste can be increased, and the processing time can be shortened particularly in terms of drying the waste. .

  On the other hand, in a processing apparatus for waste and the like, the temperature of the air in the processing tank varies depending on the temperature outside the apparatus and the state of the waste in the processing tank. For this reason, it replaces with control of a heater and the mechanism which controls the temperature of the air which passes the heater part 32 is needed.

  The temperature of the air in the processing tanks 101 and 102 is controlled by the flow rate of air passing through the heater unit 32, that is, the air volume of the blower 61. The temperature of the air that has passed through the heater part 32 is proportional to the output of the heater part 32 and inversely proportional to the flow rate that passes through it. Therefore, when it is desired to lower the temperature of the air in the processing tanks 101 and 102, the air volume of the blower 61 is increased, and when it is desired to increase the temperature, the air volume of the blower 61 is decreased. Thereby, the temperature control of the fluid (air) can be realized without requiring a change in the input heat energy. In the case of this embodiment, the output of the heater unit 32 is decreased when the temperature does not decrease due to the increase in the air volume of the blower 61.

  FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram of flow rate / heater control in this embodiment. The range of the temperatures T11 to T12 is a temperature range (specified temperature range) targeted for control with respect to the temperature of the air in the processing baths 101 and 102. This specified temperature range is preferably a temperature range in which microorganisms can be active and drying of waste is promoted.

  The air volume control of the blower 61 is performed so that the temperature of the air in the processing tanks 101 and 102, that is, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 90 falls within the specified temperature range. If it exceeds the temperature range, increase the air volume.

  The temperature T13 is a threshold temperature higher than the maximum temperature T2 in the specified temperature range. Until the temperature T13, the output of the heater unit 32 is kept constant and the temperature is controlled by the air volume of the blower 61. When the temperature T13 is reached, the heater unit The output of 32 is changed (decreased) so as to maintain the temperature of the air within the specified temperature range.

  The temperature T14 is a temperature for determining the end of the process. When the temperature reaches T4, it is assumed that the waste is dry, and the process is terminated.

<Control example>
FIG. 11 shows a flow chart of the flow rate control process executed by the CPU 121 of the control unit 12 and shows the air flow control contents of the blower 61. FIG. 12 is a flowchart of heater control processing executed by the CPU 121 of the control unit 12 and shows the control contents of the heater unit 32. The user of the processing apparatus D instructs the start of processing from the operation unit 3 after throwing the waste into the apparatus. The CPU 121 executes processes including these processes in response to the instruction.

  First, flow control will be described with reference to FIG. In S11, initial processing is performed. Here, the blower 61 is driven with a predetermined initial air volume. In S12, it is determined whether or not the specified time has elapsed. If the specified time has elapsed, the process proceeds to S13. The specified time is set to a time required for the processing tanks 101 and 102 to shift to a stable state from the start (for example, a state where the temperature in the tank has reached a temperature suitable for the fermentation decomposition process).

  In S13, the detection result of the temperature sensor 90 is acquired, and it is determined whether or not the detected temperature is lower than the temperature T11. If the temperature is lower than T11, the process proceeds to S4. If the temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature T11, the process proceeds to S15. In S14, the air volume of the blower 61 is decreased by one control unit, and the process returns to S13. By reducing the air volume, the air temperature in the processing tanks 101 and 102 can be increased.

  In S15, the detection result of the temperature sensor 90 is acquired, and it is determined whether or not the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature T12. If the temperature is equal to or higher than T12, the process proceeds to S6. If the temperature is lower than T12, the process returns to S13. In S16, the air volume of the blower 61 is increased by one control unit, and the process proceeds to S17. By increasing the air volume, the air temperature in the treatment tanks 101 and 102 can be lowered.

  In S17, the detection result of the temperature sensor 90 is acquired, and it is determined whether or not the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature T14. When the temperature is equal to or higher than T14, the process proceeds to S18, and when the temperature is lower than T14, the process returns to S13. In S18, the blower 61 is stopped because the drying of the waste is finished. Thus, one unit of processing is completed.

  Next, heater control will be described with reference to FIG. In S21, initial processing is performed. Here, in this embodiment, the heater unit 32 is driven at the maximum (rated output). In S22, the detection result of the temperature sensor 90 is acquired, and it is determined whether or not the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature T13. When the temperature is equal to or higher than T13, the process proceeds to S23, and when the temperature is lower than T3, the process proceeds to S24. In S23, the output of the heater unit 32 is decreased and the process proceeds to S25. The decrease in output may be reduced by one control unit at a time in a single process, or may be uniformly set to a predetermined output (for example, 50%). In S24, the output of the heater unit 32 is maximized (rated output), and the process proceeds to S25. This is a process for returning to the maximum (rated output) when the detected temperature falls below the temperature T13 due to the reduction of the output in S23.

  In S25, the detection result of the temperature sensor 90 is acquired, and it is determined whether or not the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature T14. When the temperature is equal to or higher than T14, the process proceeds to S26, and when the temperature is lower than T14, the process returns to S22. In S <b> 26, the heater unit 32 is stopped assuming that the drying of the waste is finished. Thus, one unit of processing is completed.

  In the present embodiment, the flow rate of the air passing through the heater unit 32 is changed by the air volume variable blower 61, but the flow rate may be controlled by a combination of an air volume fixed air blower and a flow rate control valve. FIG. 10B is a diagram showing another configuration example for flow rate control.

  Only the differences will be described. In the configuration of FIG. 10B, the air flow 61 'is fixed at the air flow rate, while the flow rate control valve for adjusting the flow rate of the air passing through the heater portion 32 is provided downstream of the heater portion 32. Solenoid valve) 91 is provided. The flow control valve 91 may be provided on the upstream side of the heater unit 32.

  The flow rate control valve 91 is controlled by the CPU 121, and the valve opening amount is controlled. Therefore, in the flow rate control shown in FIG. 11, instead of the control for changing the air volume of the blower 61, the flow rate control valve 91 is decreased when the flow rate is decreased, and the flow rate control is performed when the flow rate is increased. The valve opening amount of the valve 91 may be increased.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the heating means (32), the sending means (61) for sending the air in the processing tank to the heating means, and the temperature detection for detecting the temperature of the air that has passed through the heating means. Means (90), introduction means (51) for introducing the air that has passed through the heat generation means into the processing tank, and the flow rate of the fluid that passes through the heat generation means based on the detection result of the temperature detection means. And a flow rate control means (12) for controlling.

  In this embodiment, in addition to the efficient use of the heat energy of the heater unit 32 of the deodorizer 30 due to the circulation of the heated air in the reflux duct 51 in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, a change in the input heat energy is performed in this embodiment. Therefore, the temperature control of the air in the tank can be realized, and the heat energy can be used synergistically and effectively.

  Further, by combining with the third embodiment, the thermal energy can be used effectively. That is, in the first and second embodiments described above, the heat energy emitted from the deodorizer 30 is utilized for the drying process of the object to be processed, thereby realizing a process with high-efficiency heat circulation in the tank, and “reducing power consumption”. In the third embodiment, the ventilation amount is controlled according to the humidity (temperature) in the tank, and the thermal energy based on the input energy is utilized without escaping outside the tank, Wasteful energy release can be eliminated, and this embodiment does not require a change in the heat energy to be input. The heater unit 32 is set to full power, and the heater unit 32 is subjected to the air temperature immediately after heating. By controlling the flow rate of air, the temperature of the fluid can be controlled.

  For this reason, by combining these embodiments, the respective effects are demonstrated synergistically, and high efficiency heat circulation in the tank is possible by maximizing the input energy for processing the object to be processed and effectively utilizing it. However, the energy required for processing can be optimized, and a processing apparatus that can efficiently process a workpiece can be realized.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, a waste treatment apparatus that treats waste such as garbage as an object to be treated has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, a heat treatment apparatus, The present invention can be applied to an agitation processing device, a mixing processing device, a reducing solution processing device and the like.

Claims (13)

A processing chamber for heating the object to be processed;
A deodorizer having a heater section into which air in the processing chamber is introduced, and a deodorizing section for deodorizing the air that has passed through the heater section;
A discharge passage that guides the air discharged from the deodorizer through both the heater unit and the deodorization unit, to the outside of the processing chamber;
A reflux passage for returning air discharged from the deodorizer through at least the heater portion out of the heater portion and the deodorizing portion, to the processing chamber,
A processing apparatus comprising:   The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the deodorizer is disposed in the processing chamber.   The processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the deodorizer is disposed apart from a wall portion that defines the processing chamber.   The said recirculation | reflux path | pass returns both the said heater part and the said deodorizing part, and the air discharged | emitted from the said deodorizing machine is returned to the said process chamber. Processing equipment.   The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the recirculation passage returns only air that passes through the heater unit and is discharged from the deodorizer to the processing chamber. The processing chamber is sealed,
The processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an outside air introduction passage for introducing outside air into the processing chamber.   The processing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a heat exchange unit that performs heat exchange between the air passing through the discharge passage and the air passing through the outside air introduction passage. A blower for blowing air in the processing chamber to the deodorizer through an air introduction passage;
A heat exchanging unit that performs heat exchange between the air passing through the discharge passage and the air passing through the air introduction passage;
The processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: The processing chamber is
A first treatment tank into which the object to be treated is charged;
A second processing tank that communicates with the first processing tank and into which the processing object processed in the first processing tank is introduced;
The heater of the deodorizer is introduced with air from the first treatment tank,
The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reflux passage returns air discharged from the deodorizer to the second processing tank. The object to be treated is waste;
The first and second treatment tanks are waste treatment tanks for reducing the amount of waste,
The processing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the first treatment tank performs fermentation treatment of the waste, and the second treatment tank performs drying treatment of the waste.   The processing apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the deodorizer is disposed inside the processing chamber and outside the first processing tank. Temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the air that has passed through the heater section;
Flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate of air passing through the heater section based on the detection result of the temperature detection means;
The processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: A ventilation means for ventilating the air in the processing chamber with outside air;
Detecting means for detecting a physical quantity related to the humidity of the air in the processing chamber;
Control means for controlling the ventilation means, and controlling the ventilation amount of the air in the processing tank based on the detection result of the detection means;
The processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

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