JP2011104664A - Machining device and method for pyramid recessed part - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide machining device and method for quickly and exactly forming a pyramid recessed part on a surface of a workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: A base part 2 is mounted on a machining machine body 1 or a tool rest 12 to guide a cutter support body 3. A linear motion mechanism 4 is provided between the cutter support body 3 and the base part 2. A cutter 5 is mounted at a distal end of the cutter support body 3. In the cutter 5, a cutting edge at the distal end is formed into a V-shape and plane cutting is performed by the V-shaped distal end and both edges. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and a processing method for forming a polygonal pyramid recess such as a quadrangular pyramid recess on various workpiece surfaces. As an example, by forming a quadrangular pyramid on the upper edge of the key blade, a lock system with high security can be provided from a combination with a lock tumbler pin aligned therewith. Or it is applied when processing the quadrangular pyramid concave part as a mark etc. on the surface of various products.

  There has been proposed a lock system in which a quadrangular pyramid is provided on the upper edge of the key blade and the key is used as a key detection unit. At this time, in order to form the quadrangular pyramid recess, as an example, a small-diameter end mill is attached to the machining center as shown in FIG. The concave portion was formed by shortening the length.

The processing method of the pyramid recess by the machining center and the small diameter end mill requires time for setting and processing, and has a drawback that the processing accuracy of the pyramid plane is poor. That is, the processed surface must be stepped. Further, such a machining method requires a machining center or the like that can be controlled at a high level, and as a result, there is a disadvantage that the machining unit cost of the workpiece becomes high.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a machining apparatus and a machining method that can easily set and control machining.

The present invention as set forth in claim 1 is guided linearly and movably to a base (2) attached to a processing machine body (1) or a tool post (12) of the processing machine, and the base (2). A cutter support (3) and a linear motion mechanism (4) interposed between the cutter support (3) and the base (2) to reciprocate linearly the cutter support (3);
A pyramid provided with a cutter (5) which is detachably attached to the tip of the cutter support (3), the cutting edge of the tip is formed in a V-shape, and the surface is cut at the V-tip and both edges. It is a processing apparatus of a recessed part.

The present invention according to claim 2 is the method according to claim 1,
The linear motion mechanism (4) is a processing device for a pyramid recess comprising a mechanism for converting rotational motion into linear motion.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect,
In the processing machine body (1), the work support (7) and the cutter support (3) relative to the work surface of the work (8) attached to the work support (7). ) And a base holder (9) to which the base (2) is attached, and an indexing mechanism (10) for indexing and rotating the work (8) relative to the base (2) by a predetermined angle. It is a processing apparatus of the pyramid recessed part which comprises.
The present invention as set forth in claim 4 is characterized in that, in claim 3,
The pyramid recess processing apparatus is attached to a key processing machine.
The present invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 2,
The base (2) is detachably attached to the tool post (12) of the machining center (11), and the rotary shaft (13) attached to the tool post is connected to the input side of the linear motion mechanism (4). It is comprised so that.

The present invention according to claim 6 provides the method according to claim 2,
The base (2) is detachably attached to the tool post (12) of the compound lathe (14), and the rotary shaft (13) attached to the tool post (12) is input to the linear motion mechanism (4). The drill blade (19) for forming the conical hole (31) is detachably attached to the tool post (12).

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for machining a pyramid recess on a workpiece surface using the pyramid recess processing apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects.
The first step of drilling a shallow conical hole (31) or frustoconical hole (hereinafter simply referred to as a conical hole) on the surface of the workpiece (8), and then along the inner surface from the edge of the conical hole (31) A second step of cutting into a triangle diagonally toward the center;
A third step of indexing and rotating the work (8) relative to the base (2) by a predetermined angle by the indexing mechanism (10);
Next, a fourth step of repeating the second step,
Then, the pyramid recessed part processing method which comprises the process of repeating the 3rd process and the 4th process.

In the pyramid recess processing apparatus according to claim 1, the cutter support 3 is linearly guided to the base 2, and the linear motion mechanism 4 is interposed between the cutter support 3 and the base 2. Since the flat V-shaped cutter 5 is attached to the tip of the support 3, a pyramid recess can be quickly formed on the surface of the work 8. That is, the cutter 5 is reciprocated linearly by the linear motion mechanism 4 so that one surface of the pyramid aligned with the V-shaped tip of the cutter 5 can be quickly formed. By repeating it a plurality of times, the concave portions of the polygonal pyramids can be formed quickly.
In the above-described configuration, as described in claim 2, a mechanism that converts rotational motion into linear motion can be employed as the linear motion mechanism 4. In this case, a processing device for a pyramid recess having a simpler structure can be provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the workpiece support body 7 is provided on the processing machine main body 1, and the base holding body 9 is attached with the base portion 2 inclined relative to the machining surface of the workpiece 8. When the indexing mechanism 10 that indexes and rotates 8 relative to the base 2 is provided, each surface of the polygonal pyramid recess can be processed more quickly and accurately by the indexing mechanism 10.
In the above configuration, as described in claim 4, it can be used as a processing machine for a pyramid recess as a key processing machine. In this case, the pyramid recess can be quickly processed on the upper edge of the key blade. A lock system with high security can be provided from a combination with a tumbler lock having a lock tumbler pin aligned with the pyramidal recess.
In the above configuration, the machining center 11 can be applied as a processing apparatus as described in claim 5. Then, by connecting the input side of the linear motion mechanism 4 to the rotating shaft 13, a polygonal pyramid can be formed automatically on the surface of the workpiece 8.

  In the above configuration, the present apparatus can be applied to the composite lathe 14 as described in claim 6. In this case, the base 2 can be attached to the tool rest 12, the rotary shaft 13 can be connected to the linear motion mechanism 4, and the drill blade 19 for forming the conical hole 31 can be attached to the tool rest 12. In this case, the pyramid recess can be formed more accurately and quickly. That is, by forming the conical hole 31 with the drill blade 19 and cutting the hole portion of the conical hole 31 with the cutter 5, each surface of the pyramid concave portion can be formed quickly and more accurately.

  In the method for processing a pyramid recess according to the present invention, a conical hole 31 is formed on the surface of the work 8, a triangle is cut obliquely from the edge of the conical hole 31 along the inner surface toward the center thereof, and the work 8 is Therefore, the polygonal pyramid recess can be processed quickly and accurately.

The processing apparatus for a pyramidal recess according to the present invention is applied to a key production or duplication machine, (A) is a cross-sectional front view of an essential part thereof, and (B) is a view taken along the line BB in (A). FIG. 4C is a bottom view of the cutter 5 and the vicinity thereof, as viewed from the direction perpendicular to the axis of the cutter support 3. The processing apparatus of this invention is applied to a machining center, (A) is the principal part sectional front view. (B) is a BB arrow line view of (A), (C) is a bottom view of the cutter 5 and the cutter support body 3. FIG. The machining apparatus of the present invention is applied to a compound lathe (NC lathe), (A) is a cross-sectional view of the main part, (B) is an explanatory view showing the mounting state of the workpiece 8, and (C) is a cutter 5. It is a side view of the vicinity thereof. It is explanatory drawing which forms a quadrangular pyramid recessed part in the workpiece | work 8 with the cutter 5, Comprising: (A) is the principal part sectional front view, (B) is the same top view, (C) is CC arrow view of (A). FIG. The 1st procedure of a process of the same pyramid recessed part is shown. The second procedure is shown. Explanatory drawing which shows the processing method of the conventional pyramid recessed part.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for manufacturing a pyramid recess according to the present invention which is used as a key or a key manufacturing apparatus. In this example, the workpiece 8 is a key 34, which is detachably fixed to the workpiece support 7, and forms an extremely small pyramid recess at the upper edge of the blade.

  A base holder 9 and an angle indexing table 10a are placed in parallel on the processing machine main body 1. The upper end edge of the base holder 9 has an inclined L-shaped surface, and an inclined rail 38 is provided on the inclined surface, and the guide 39 of the base 2 is slidably guided on the inclined rail 38. . A return spring 20a is interposed between the base 2 and the L-shaped end surface of the base holder 9, and urges the base 2 upward in the tilt direction with respect to the base holder 9. The inside of the base portion 2 is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape, and a cutter support body 3 aligned with the small diameter portion is guided inside the cylindrical shape. A groove 15 is formed on the outer periphery of the cutter support 3 in the axial direction, and a detent pin 16 is locked in the groove 15 so that the cutter support 3 can be moved only in the linear direction.

  A first cam body 40 is formed at the rear end of the cutter support 3, and a return spring 20 is interposed between the distal end side of the first cam body 40 and the enlarged diameter step portion of the stepped cylinder portion of the base portion 2. The cutter support 3 is urged upward in the tilt direction. The rear end surface of the first cam body 40 forms a first cam surface. A first flange 41 and a second flange 42 are formed in a key shape at the rear end of the base 2, and a motor 25 is fixed to the first flange 41. In this example, the motor 25 is a geared motor, and its rotating shaft 13 is connected to the linear motion mechanism 4.

  That is, the second cam body 44 is connected to the tip of the rotating shaft 13 via an annular bulging portion 43 that is in sliding contact with the inner cylinder of the base portion 2, and the tip of the second cam body 44 and the first cam body 40 are connected to each other. The first cam surface is always in line contact with the urging force of the return spring 20. A linear motion mechanism 4 is constituted by the pair of cam bodies. As a result, the rotation of the rotary shaft 13 causes the cutter support 3 to reciprocate linearly via the linear motion mechanism 4.

A cutter 5 is detachably attached to the tip of the cutter support 3. The plane of the cutter 5 has a rhombus shape in this example as shown in FIG. 5C, and an attachment hole is formed at the center. The cutter 5 is screwed to the cutter support 3 via a screw in the attachment hole. The clothes are fastened. The tip of the cutter support 3 is formed in a stepped plane so as to be substantially aligned with the plane of the cutter 5.
Next, the forward end positioning bolt 21 is screwed onto the second flange 42 of the base 2, and the tip of the bolt 21 comes into contact with the inclined stopper surface 9 a at the side end of the base holder 9. The tip of the cutter 5 is positioned by moving the tip of the forward end positioning bolt 21 in and out.

Next, the lower end of the operation handle 22 is pivotally attached to the base holding body 9 via a pin 45, and a long hole 36 is formed in the middle part near the lower end, and the locking pin of the base 2 is formed in the long hole 36. 37 is slidably locked.
Next, in this example, the work support 7 is provided on the angle indexing table 10a, and the work 8 is detachably fastened to the work support 7. In this example, the work 8 is a key 34, and the key 34 is fixed by fastening the fastening bolt 23. The angle indexing table 10a constitutes the indexing mechanism 10 of the present invention, and the angle indexing table 10a itself can be rotated by a driving force (not shown). Alternatively, it is also possible to form a cross groove on the upper end surface of the angle indexing table 10a, and to form a cross projection on the lower surface of the work support 7 and manually rotate the work support 7 by 90 degrees.

(Function)
Next, when a key 34 is used as the workpiece 8, a method for machining a quadrangular pyramid recess on the upper edge of the blade will be described.
First, the key 34 is fixed to the work support 7 as shown in FIG. Then, a shallow conical recess 46 shown in FIG. 5 is formed in advance by a drill (not shown) at the formation position of the pyramid recess of the key 34.
In this state, the operation handle 22 is in the position of the chain line from the solid line state by the urging force of the return spring 20a, and the base portion 2 is located obliquely upward and to the right in the drawing from the state of the solid line. At this time, the tip of the forward end positioning bolt 21 is separated from the stopper surface 9a. Therefore, by driving the motor 25, the rotary shaft 13 is rotated, and the cutter support 3 is reciprocated linearly via the linear motion mechanism 4. The amplitude is extremely small, for example, about 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
The forward end positioning bolt 21 is previously positioned on the stopper surface 9a so that the tip of the cutter 5 reaches the center of the conical recess 46 in advance and does not go any further.

  In the state prepared in this way, the operation handle 22 is moved from the chain line state to the solid line state. Then, the cutter 5 cuts the key 34 along the conical recess 46 by the V-shaped tip and both edges of the tip 5, and a triangular flat recess is formed on the upper edge of the key 34. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of this state. That is, when the tip of the cutter 5 reaches the center of a previously drilled cone, one of the concave portions having a triangular shape in plan view is formed as shown in FIG. This is obtained by positioning the center of the conical recess on the bisector of the tip angle θ of the cutter 5 and moving the cutter 5 toward it. Thereby, a plane triangle is cut along the conical recess by the V-shaped tip and both edges of the cutter 5.

Next, in FIG. 1, the operation handle 22 is pulled back from the solid line state to the chain line state. Then, the indexing mechanism 10 is rotated 90 degrees. Next, the operation handle 22 is moved from the chain line state to the solid line state as described above. By repeating these steps four times, the quadrangular pyramid recess in FIG. 4B can be formed on the upper edge of the blade of the key 34.
In this example, a metal material such as the key 34 is used as the work 8. However, the conical recess 46 may not be formed in advance for a relatively soft material such as a plastic material. When a metal material is used as the workpiece 8, it is preferable to form the conical recess 46 as a prepared hole in advance.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a processing apparatus for a pyramid recess according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The processing apparatus of this example is applied to the machining center 11. That is, the machining apparatus is attached to the tool post 12 of the machining center 11. The tool post 12 moves three-dimensionally with respect to the processing machine main body of the machining center 11. That is, it is automatically controlled in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.

Then, the base 2 is fixed to the tool rest 12 so that the axis of the cutter support 3 coincides with the axis of the rotary shaft 13a provided on the tool rest 12. Further, a taper shank 29 is detachably attached to the tapered recess of the rotating shaft 13a of the tool post 12. The rotary shaft 13 fixed to the taper shank 29, the second cam body 44, and the first cam body 40 at the rear end of the cutter support 3 form the linear motion mechanism 4, and the cutter 13 is rotated by the rotation of the rotary shaft 13. The support 3 is reciprocated linearly.
Then, the work 8 is attached to the work support 7 of the machining center 11, the plane is inclined with respect to the cutter 5, and the work 8 is rotated by the indexing mechanism 10 as necessary. This indexing mechanism 10 can be achieved by using a constant angle rotation mechanism and an inclination mechanism provided in the machining center 11.

(Function)
First, a taper shank 29 having a linear motion mechanism 4 and a rotating shaft 13 protruding from the front end portion is fitted into a taper hole of the rotating shaft 13a of the machining center 11, and a pull stud 30 at the rear end of the taper shank 29 is not shown. The rotating shaft 13a and the taper shank 29 are integrated by gripping with a nail and pulling toward the rear end side.
Next, the rotary shaft 13 is inserted into the hollow portion of the base portion 2, and the outer peripheral portion of the base portion 2 is fixed to the tool post 12 of the machining center 11. At this time, the rotary shaft 13 and the rotary shaft 13a are attached so as to rotate with respect to the base 2. Next, the workpiece 8 is attached to the workpiece support 7 that is rotatably supported on the main body of the machining center 11 via the indexing mechanism 10. At this time, a conical hole is formed in advance in the processed surface of the pyramid recess of the work 8.

Then, the angle formed by the processed surface and the cutter 5 is maintained at a predetermined angle. In this state, the X and Y directions of the tool post 12 are moved so as to be in the center of the conical hole 31 of the workpiece 8 in parallel with the axis of the cutter support 3 and on the extension line of the tip of the cutter 5.
Next, the tool post 12 is moved in the Z direction while rotating the rotary shaft 13 a, and planar processing is performed along the inner surface of the conical hole 31. Thereby, one planar triangular recess is formed in the conical hole 31. Next, the tool post 12 is moved backward in the Z direction, and the indexing mechanism 10 is rotated 90 degrees to form a triangular second surface in the same manner as described above. It is formed on the plane of the workpiece 8.

(Third embodiment)
Next, FIG. 3 shows the machining apparatus of the present invention applied to a composite lathe (NC lathe).
In this example, a pair of processing devices of the present invention are attached to the tool post 12 of the composite lathe 14.
The tool post 12 moves with respect to the main body (not shown) of the compound lathe 14 in the X direction and the Y direction orthogonal thereto via a horizontal guide rail 27 and a vertical guide rail 28. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the work 8 is detachably fixed to a work mounting portion 24 composed of a spindle chuck. The workpiece 8 of this example has a rear end portion formed in a columnar shape, which is gripped by a chuck gripping portion, and a front end portion thereof is formed in a quadrangular prism. In this example, an example in which a pyramid recess is formed on one side surface of the quadrangular column is schematically illustrated. In addition to the present apparatus, a drill blade 19 and a motor 25 for rotating the drill blade 19 and a plurality of cutting tools 26 are attached to the tool post 12 of the composite lathe 14.

(Function)
Therefore, a method for forming a pyramid concave portion on one side of the prismatic shape of the workpiece 8 by the composite lathe 14 will be described.
First, in a state where the work mounting portion 24 that grips the work 8 is rotated 45 degrees to the right from the state shown in the drawing, the tool post 12 is moved to the left in the X direction so that the center of the drill blade 19 is located at the center. Moving. Then, the tool post 12 is lowered to form a conical hole 31 in the prismatic plane of the workpiece 8.

Next, the tool post 12 is raised, and the work mounting portion 24 that grips the work 8 is rotated 45 degrees to the left. At the same time, the tool post 12 is moved to the right so that the center of the conical hole 31 comes to the extension line of the tip of the cutter 5. Next, the tool post 12 is lowered, and a triangular concave fitting portion is formed in a part of the conical hole 31 by the cutter 5.
Next, the work attachment portion 24 is rotated around the conical hole 31 to form a second triangular concave portion according to the above procedure, and a quadrangular pyramid concave portion is formed in the workpiece 8 by repeating the procedure sequentially. In addition, in order to move the relative relationship between the cutter 5 and the workpiece 8, various control means of the known composite lathe 14 can be used and automatically controlled.

(Other application examples)
In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the quadrangular pyramid recess is formed on the plane of the work 8 has been described. However, it may be a triangular pyramid or a polygonal pyramid of five or more. In that case, a cutter having a V-shaped edge aligned with one side of a pyramidal recess finally formed on the workpiece 8 is employed. The surface of the workpiece 8 forming the pyramid may be a flat surface or a curved surface.
Next, in the example of FIG. 1, the entire apparatus is moved in the axial direction of the cutter support 3 by the operation handle 22, but instead the indexing mechanism 10 itself is moved in the vertical direction and the position of the base 2 is fixed. It is also possible to move in the horizontal direction. Of course, also in this case, the cutter support 3 is reciprocated linearly. The same can be done in the second embodiment of FIG. 2 and the third embodiment of FIG.

Further, although the linear reciprocating mechanism uses a cam in the embodiment, a link mechanism may be used. Furthermore, various known linear reciprocating motion mechanisms can be employed.
In FIG. 1, the workpiece 8 is rotated by 90 degrees by the angle indexing table 10a. Instead, the angle indexing table 10a is fixed and the base holder 9 itself is rotated by 90 degrees around the table. May be. In the case of a hexagonal pyramid recess, it is rotated by 60 degrees.
Further, although the above embodiment is applied to a machining center and a composite lathe, it is also possible to attach this processing apparatus to other similar composite machine tools.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing machine main body 2 Base part 3 Cutter support body 4 Linear motion mechanism 5 Cutter 7 Work support body 8 Work piece 9 Base holding body
9a Stopper surface

10 Indexing mechanism
10a Angle indexing table
11 Machining center
12 Turret
13 Rotating axis
13a Rotating shaft
14 Combined lathe
15 groove
16 Non-rotating pin
19 Drill blade

20 Return spring
20a Return spring
21 Advance end positioning bolt
22 Operation handle
23 Fastening bolt
24 Workpiece mounting part
25 Motor
26 bytes
27 Horizontal guide rail
28 Vertical guide rail
29 Tapered shank

30 Pull stud
31 Conical hole
33 Rock tumbler pins
34 keys
35 End mill
36 Slotted hole
37 Locking pin
38 inclined rails
39 Guide

40 1st cam body
41 1st flange
42 2nd flange
43 Annular bulge
44 2nd cam body
45 pin
46 Conical recess
48 Square pyramid recess

Claims (7)

A base (2) attached to a processing machine body (1) or a tool post (12) of a processing machine, a cutter support (3) guided linearly and movably to the base (2), and the cutter A linear motion mechanism (4) interposed between the support (3) and the base (2) to reciprocate the cutter support (3);
A pyramid provided with a cutter (5) which is detachably attached to the tip of the cutter support (3), the cutting edge of the tip is formed in a V-shape, and the surface is cut at the V-tip and both edges. Recess processing equipment. In claim 1,
The linear motion mechanism (4) is a pyramid recess processing apparatus comprising a mechanism for converting rotational motion into linear motion. In claim 1 or claim 2,
In the processing machine body (1), the work support (7) and the cutter support (3) relative to the work surface of the work (8) attached to the work support (7). ) And a base holder (9) to which the base (2) is attached, and an indexing mechanism (10) for indexing and rotating the work (8) relative to the base (2) by a predetermined angle. The processing apparatus of the pyramid recessed part which comprises. In claim 3,
The pyramid recess processing device can be attached to a key processing machine. In claim 2,
The base (2) is detachably attached to the tool post (12) of the machining center (11), and the rotating shaft (13) attached to the tool post is connected to the input side of the linear motion mechanism (4). What is configured to be. In claim 2,
The base (2) is detachably attached to the tool post (12) of the compound lathe (14), and the rotary shaft (13) attached to the tool post (12) is input to the linear motion mechanism (4). The drill blade (19) for forming the conical hole (31) is detachably attached to the tool post (12). In the method of processing a pyramid recess on a workpiece surface using the processing apparatus for a pyramid recess according to claim 1,
The first step of drilling a shallow conical hole (31) or frustoconical hole (hereinafter simply referred to as a conical hole) on the surface of the workpiece (8), and then along the inner surface from the edge of the conical hole (31) A second step of cutting into a triangle diagonally toward the center;
A third step of indexing and rotating the work (8) relative to the base (2) by a predetermined angle by the indexing mechanism (10);
Next, a fourth step of repeating the second step,
Next, a method of processing a pyramid recess comprising: a step of repeating the third step and the fourth step.

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