JP2011104466A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher capable of facilitating the operation to replace a blade and saving blade replacement operation time and labor. <P>SOLUTION: This crusher comprises a pair of annular belt-shape cutter belts 2 and 3 which are formed by detachably fitting a plurality of plates 4 and 5 with a blade, to chains 8 and 9 driven to rotate as wound around drive sprockets 6 and 7 and at least not less than one driven sprocket 10 and 11, and guides 13 and 14 which form a straight line part 2a and 3a in the cutter belts 2 and 3 by linearly guiding the plates 4 and 5 with not less than two pieces of the blade, at each cutter belt 2 and 3. In addition, each cutter belt 2 and 3 is arranged in the way that their straight line parts 2a and 3a are configured opposite to each other, and an object to be crushed can be crushed between the straight line parts 2a and 3a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a crushing apparatus.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a crushing device includes, for example, a pair of roller-shaped cutters that include a rotating shaft and a cutter ring that is provided with a blade on the outer periphery and is mounted on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft. Thus, the object to be crushed put between the cutters is crushed while being drawn between the cutters by rotation of the cutters (for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, 3).

JP 2002-11370 A JP 2002-11371 A JP 2002-273253 A

  In such a crushing device, when replacing the blade in the cutter, since the blade is formed on the outer periphery of the cutter ring attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is once removed from the pulverizing device and then further replaced. Since it is necessary to remove the target cutter ring from the rotating shaft, it takes a lot of labor and time to replace the blade, which is very troublesome.

  Therefore, the present invention was devised in order to improve the above-described points, and the object of the present invention is to provide a crushing device that can easily replace the blade and reduce the time and labor for the replacement. It is to be.

  In order to achieve the above object, the problem-solving means of the present invention is formed by detachably attaching a plurality of bladed plates to a chain that is wound around a driving sprocket and at least one driven sprocket and is rotationally driven. A pair of ring belt-shaped cutter belts and a guide that linearly guides two or more bladed plates in each cutter belt to form a linear portion on the cutter belt, and each cutter belt is connected to each other's linear portion It arrange | positions so that it may oppose, and crushes a to-be-crushed object between the said linear parts, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to the crushing device of the present invention, when replacing the blade, only the bladed plate having the blade to be replaced can be removed from the chain and replaced with a new bladed plate. Therefore, it is only necessary to remove the bladed plate to be replaced from the chain and replace it with a new one, and it is not necessary to remove the entire cutter belt for the replacement. And labor can be reduced.

It is side view sectional drawing of the crushing apparatus in one embodiment of this invention. It is a top view sectional view of the crushing device in one embodiment of the present invention. It is a partially expanded perspective view of the cutter belt of the crushing apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention. It is side surface sectional drawing of the crushing apparatus in the modification of one embodiment of this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing of the crushing apparatus in the other modification of one embodiment of this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing of the crushing apparatus in another modification of one embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view explaining one variation of the cutter belt periphery of the crushing device of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view explaining the other variation of the cutter belt periphery of the crushing apparatus of one embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the crushing apparatus of the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crushing device 1 in one embodiment includes a pair of cutter belts 2 and 3 wound around drive sprockets 6 and 7 and driven sprockets 10 and 11, and each cutter belt 2. 3 are provided with guides 13 and 14 that linearly guide the two or more bladed plates 4 and 5 to form straight portions 2a and 3a on the cutter belts 2 and 3, respectively. The straight portions 2a and 3a are arranged so as to face each other with a gap W therebetween.

  The crushing device 1 is configured to draw the material to be crushed between the cutter belts 2 and 3 between the linear portions 2 a and 3 a by the rotation of the cutter belts 2 and 3 and crush the material.

  Hereinafter, each part will be described in detail. The cutter belt 2 (3) has a plurality of ring belts around a chain 8 (9) wound around a drive sprocket 6 (7) and a driven sprocket 10 (11) and driven to rotate. The blade-attached plate 4 (5) is attached, and is driven to rotate by rotating the drive sprocket 6 (7).

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the drive sprocket 6 (7) has a structure in which two gears 6a, 6b (7a, 7b) are connected by a shaft 6c (7c), and the driven sprocket 10 ( 11) also has a structure in which two gears 10a, 10b (11a, 11b) are connected by a shaft 6c (7c), and the chain 8 (9) is paired to form a gear of the drive sprocket 6 (7). 6a, 6b (7a, 7b) and the gears 10a, 10b (11a, 11b) of the driven sprocket 10 (11), respectively. Note that two or more driven sprockets 10 (11) may be provided for each cutter belt 2 and 3.

  In addition, brackets 8b (9b) are intermittently provided on the frames 8a (9a) constituting the chains 8, 8 (9, 9), and the pair of chains 8, 8 are interposed via the brackets 8b (9b). A rectangular bladed plate 4 (5) is detachably attached so as to lie horizontally on the outer peripheral side of (9, 9). For example, screw fastening or the like can be employed for fixing the bladed plate 4 (5) to the bracket 8b (9b).

  In this embodiment, the bladed plate 4 (5) is rectangular and includes a large number of blades 4a (5a) on the surface facing the outer peripheral side of the cutter belt 2 (3). In the case of the crushing device 1, the blade length and pitch (rotational direction width) of the blades 4a (5a) provided on the bladed plate 4 (5) are made fine so that the object to be crushed can be crushed relatively finely. However, these can be arbitrarily set according to the material of the material to be crushed and the size to be obtained after crushing. In this case, the blades 4a (5a) are intermittently provided in a direction orthogonal to the rotation direction, but may be provided continuously, and the blade width and the blade interval may also be reduced. It can be arbitrarily set according to the material and the size desired to be obtained after crushing.

  In this embodiment, the width in the rotational direction of the bladed plate 4 (5) is set longer than the rotational direction length of the top 8a (9a) of the chain 8 (9). The frame 8a (9a) of 8 (9) is provided with a bracket 8b (9b) intermittently and the bladed plate 4 (5) is attached to the bracket 8b (9a). Depending on the setting, brackets 8b (9b) may be provided on all the frames 8a (9a) of the chain 8 (9), and the bladed plates 4 (5) may be attached to all the frames 8a (9a). .

  Further, the driving sprocket 6 (7) and the driven sprocket 10 (11) cooperate with each other to apply an appropriate tension to the chain 8 (9), and both are rotatably attached to the housing 15, and the cutter belt 2, 3 is accommodated in a housing 15.

  In this case, the housing 15 has a hollow box shape in which the cutter belts 2 and 3 can be accommodated. Openings 15a and 15b are provided above and below, and the upper opening 15a is to be shredded. A hopper 15c is provided so that an object can be smoothly introduced into the interior. The object to be crushed put into the hopper 15c is guided between the cutter belts 2 and 3 by the hopper 15c, and after being crushed by the cutter belts 2 and 3, is discharged from the opening 15b below the housing 15. It has come to be. The shape of the housing 15 is not limited to the above, and can be designed so as to be suitable for an object to be crushed.

  Further, a rail-shaped guide 13 (14) attached to the housing 15 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the cutter belt 2 (3), and the guide 13 (14) is a blade of the cutter belt 2 (3). The cutter belt 2 is slidably brought into contact with the back surface of the plate 4 (5) and guided so that the surfaces of the plate 4 (5) and the blade plate 4 (5) adjacent thereto are flush with each other. The straight portion 2a (3a) is formed in (3). And since the said guide 13 (14) is slidably contact | abutting to the back surface of the plate 4 (5) with a blade, it supports the linear part 2a (3a) of the cutter belt 2 (3) from an inner peripheral side. Thus, the bending of the linear portion 2a (3a) to the inner peripheral side by the object to be crushed between the cutter belts 2 and 3 is regulated.

  The cutter belts 2 and 3 are arranged so that the straight portions 2a and 3a face each other with a gap W therebetween. The dimension of the gap W, that is, the distance between the cutting edge of the blade 4a and the cutting edge of the blade 5a is determined according to the size of the object to be crushed.

  Moreover, in the straight part 2a (3a) in the cutter belt 2 (3) where the surfaces of the adjacent bladed plates 4, 4 (5, 5) are flush with each other, the bladed plate 4 (5) and this It is preferable that the edged plates 4 (5) adjacent to each other are brought into contact with each other so as not to generate a gap, and the object to be crushed and the object to be crushed finely by doing in this way It can suppress entering into the inner peripheral side of the cutter belt 2 (3) through a clearance gap.

  The guide 13 (14) is not limited to a rail shape as long as it can form the linear portion 2a (3a) by guiding the cutter belt 2 (3), and the back side of the bladed plate 4 (5). A wheel or rolling ball is provided on the guide 13 (14), or a wheel or rolling ball is provided on the guide 13 (14) side, and the bladed plate 4 (5) is provided. You may make it run.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, guides 13 and 14 are attached to housing 15 via elastic elements 18 and 19 such as springs, and the hardness of the object to be crushed is high. When the above stress is applied, the elastic elements 18 and 19 are compressed and the bladed plates 4 and 5 are moved to the inner periphery of the cutter belts 2 and 3 so that the blades 4a and 5a have a strength limit or more. You may make it prevent that a stress acts. For the elastic element, a member that can exert an elastic force such as a spring, a gas spring, or an elastic body and does not narrow the gap W when the guides 13 and 14 are supported in the most extended state is used. it can.

  Further, the cutter belts 2 and 3 are formed with a linear portion other than the straight portion 2a (3a). The straight portion referred to here is the side of the cutter belts 2 and 3 from the side. The straight portions 2a and 3a of the cutter belts 2 and 3 may be different from each other while pointing to a portion facing the cutter belts 2 and 3 of the other party.

  Furthermore, in the case of this embodiment, the driven sprocket 10 (11) is disposed vertically below the drive sprocket 6 (7) so that the straight portion 2a (3a) of the cutter belt 2 (3) is in a vertical posture. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the straight portions 2a and 3a of the cutter belts 2 and 3 may be opposed to each other in an inclined posture with respect to the ground, and a horizontal posture is adopted as shown in FIG. May be. When the straight portions 2a and 3a of the cutter belts 2 and 3 take a horizontal posture or an inclined posture, the straight portion 2a is the lower portion of the straight portions 2a and 3a. It is possible to prevent the straight portion 2a from being bent by its own weight. When the straight portions 2a and 3a of the cutter belts 2 and 3 take a horizontal posture or an inclined posture, if the lower one of the cutter belts 2 and 3 is the cutter belt 2, the length of the straight portion 2a is a straight line. Set longer than the part 3a so that the starting point of the straight part 2a is arranged closer to the input side of the object to be crushed than the starting point of the straight part 3a, or the starting point of the straight part 2a is to be crushed from the starting point of the straight part 3a By shifting to the charging side, the material to be crushed can be easily inserted between the cutter belts 2 and 3.

  In addition to providing the guide on the inner peripheral side of the cutter belt 2 (3), for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a rod 20 is provided on the side of each bladed plate 4 (5). The cutter belt 2 (3) is slidably held by a pair of guides 21 and 22 from the inner and outer circumferences, or as shown in FIG. 8, a flat plate 23 is provided on the side of each bladed plate 4 (5). The flat plate 23 may be clamped from the inner and outer peripheries of the cutter belt 2 (3) by a pair of guides 24 and 25 with wheels, and the bending of the straight portion 2a (3a) may be restricted. In this way, by providing a pair of guides, the bending of the cutter belt 2 (3) toward the outer peripheral side can also be restricted, and the cutter belt 2 (3) extends in the rotational direction due to the influence of heat and load. Even if this occurs, the gap W between the straight portions 2a (3a) can be kept constant. Further, when the inner and outer peripheries of the cutter belts 2 and 3 are clamped by the belts, the guide belts arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cutter belts 2 and 3 are shared, and the cutter belts 2 and 3 are combined with a total of three guides. You may make it pinch.

  The drive sprockets 6 and 7 are connected to a motor 12 as a drive source via a speed reducer 16. When the motor 12 is rotated in the forward direction, the cutter belt 2 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1 can be driven to rotate counterclockwise in FIG. 1, and when the motor 12 is rotated in the opposite direction, the cutter belt 2 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. It can be rotated in the middle clockwise direction. Further, in the crushing apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the speed reducer 16 makes a difference in the rotational speeds of the cutter belts 2 and 3.

  If the rotational speed of the motor 12 does not need to be reduced, the speed reducer 16 can be omitted. In this case, when the two drive sprockets 6 and 7 are driven only by the motor 12, a gear mechanism is provided. The above operation may be realized, or two motors may be provided to drive the drive sprockets 6 and 7 independently. Furthermore, since the drive source only needs to be able to drive the drive sprockets 6 and 7, it is possible to employ a drive source other than the motor 12 that is a rotating electrical machine as described above. A hydraulic motor may be used, or an internal combustion engine may be used.

  In the crushing apparatus 1 configured as described above, the cutter belts 2 and 3 are rotated by rotating the drive sprockets 6 and 7 as described above, and the object to be crushed is cut from above the cutter belts 2 and 3. When inserted between the belts 2 and 3, the object to be crushed can be crushed by the blades 4 a and 5 a while being drawn into the gap W between the straight portions 2 a and 3 a by the rotation of the cutter belts 2 and 3.

  Further, since the rotational speeds of the cutter belts 2 and 3 are different and the relative positional relationship between the blades 4a and 5a in the linear portions 2a and 3a changes, the operation of crushing the object to be crushed between the blades 4a and 5a In addition, an operation for grinding the object to be crushed is added, and the object to be crushed can be finely crushed. Furthermore, unlike the conventional roller-shaped cutter, the object to be crushed can be held long between the cutter belts 2 and 3 and a load can be applied, so that the object to be crushed can be prevented from being broken. In this embodiment, the rotational speeds of the cutter belts 2 and 3 are different from each other, and an operation of grinding the object to be crushed is added, but the object to be crushed is held between the cutter belts 2 and 3 for a long time. Since the object to be crushed can be ground for a longer time, the object to be crushed can be crushed to a uniform size, and a fiber crushed object such as a tree can be effectively solved.

  If the object to be crushed is clogged between the cutter belts 2 and 3, the cutter belts 2 and 3 are rotated in the reverse direction, and the object to be crushed is guided and discharged upward on the cutter belt 2 and 3 input side. be able to.

  Subsequently, in order to replace the blades 4a and 5a, only the bladed plates 4 and 5 having the blades 4a and 5a to be replaced are removed from the chains 8 and 9 and replaced with new plates 4 and 5 with blades. be able to.

  In this way, only the bladed plates 4 and 5 to be replaced may be removed from the cutter belts 2 and 3 and replaced with new ones. In addition, all of the cutter belts 2 and 3 are replaced with the drive sprockets 6 and 6. 7 and the driven sprockets 10 and 11 are not required to be removed from the housing 15, so that the replacement work is facilitated, and the replacement work time and labor can be reduced.

  This is the end of the description of the embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is of course not limited to the details shown or described.

The present invention is applicable to a crushing device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing device 2, 3 Cutter belt 2a, 3a Straight part 4,5 Plate 4a with a blade, 5a Blade 6,7 Drive sprocket 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b Gear 6c, 7c, 10c, 11c Shaft 8, 9 Chain 8a, 9a Top 8b, 9b Bracket 10, 11 Driven sprocket 12 Motor 13, 14 Guide 15 Housing 15a, 15b Opening 15c Hopper 16 Reducer 18, 19 Elastic element 20 Rod 23 Flat plate W Gap

Claims (4)

A pair of ring belt-shaped cutter belts formed by detachably attaching a plurality of bladed plates to a chain that is wound around and rotated by a drive sprocket and at least one driven sprocket; And a guide for forming a straight portion on the cutter belt by linearly guiding two or more bladed plates, and each cutter belt is disposed so that the straight portions of each other face each other. A crushing apparatus characterized by crushing an object to be crushed. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the guide is elastically supported so as to allow escape in a direction in which the linear portions of the cutter belt are separated from each other. 2. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the cutter belt is linear, the rotational direction ends of adjacent bladed plates abut against each other. The straight part of the cutter belt is set to be inclined or horizontal with respect to the ground, and the starting point of the straight part of the cutter belt arranged below is shattered from the starting point of the straight part of the cutter belt arranged above The crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the crushing apparatus is disposed on a material input side.

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