JP2011103741A - Charging facility management system in microgrid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize a plurality of charging facilities in a microgrid by other vehicles. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of charging facilities 24 for the vehicles are constructed to the microgrid MG. The availability information of the plurality of charging facilities 24 is predicted on the basis of use conditions for a fixed period in the past of the plurality of charging facilities 24. Other vehicles as ones excepting own vehicles held by power consumers excepting individual ones constructing the microgrid are provided with the predicted availability information, and other vehicles can utilize the charging facilities 24 for the microgrid and charge electricity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a charging facility management system in a microgrid.

  Recently, power consumers such as individual houses, apartment houses, large stores, factories, etc. have their own charging equipment and power generation equipment to cover the supply and demand of power without using commercial power as much as possible. The construction of microgrids (microgrid systems) is increasing.

  On the other hand, recently, there has been an increase in the number of electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles that travel using the driving force of a motor, and this type of vehicle is equipped with a large-capacity on-vehicle power storage device. Vehicles that use electric energy stored in in-vehicle power storage devices tend to increase due to environmental problems, but how do you use the infrastructure of charging facilities that charge the in-vehicle power storage devices? The problem is whether to build many.

  In Patent Document 1, a charging station that is close to a vehicle that requests charging is extracted from stored charging stations, and the location and charger availability information (charger availability information) are provided. In addition, it is disclosed to accept a charge reservation. However, in the one described in Patent Document 1, even if the charging facility is currently vacant, it may occur that the vehicle that needs charging is not already vacant when the vehicle arrives at the charging facility. It becomes inconvenient.

JP 2003-262525 A

  By the way, a plurality of individual electric power consumers who construct a microgrid may have an electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, and the like and a charging facility for the electric vehicle. In this case, the charging facilities are exclusively for vehicles owned by individual electric power consumers, but the charging facilities are not used while using vehicles owned by individual electric power consumers. Situation. If charging facilities in such a vacant state can be used effectively as charging facilities for vehicles other than individual power consumers, multiple charging facilities in a relatively small area such as a microgrid can be used effectively. Can be very preferable. The use of the charging facility for other vehicles can be effectively utilized without causing the charging facility to play as much as possible, and is also preferable for individual power consumers who construct a microgrid.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and its purpose is to manage a charging facility in a microgrid in which a plurality of charging facilities constructed in the microgrid can be effectively used for other vehicles. To provide a system.

In order to achieve the above object, the following solution is adopted in the present invention. That is, as described in claim 1 in the claims,
A charging facility management system in a microgrid that manages vacancy information of a plurality of vehicle charging facilities constructed in a microgrid,
Usage status storage means for storing usage status of the plurality of charging facilities in a past certain period;
Prediction means for predicting vacancy information of the plurality of charging facilities based on the storage contents stored in the usage status storage means;
The vacant information providing means for providing the predicted vacant information to other vehicles other than the own vehicle owned by the individual electric power consumer who constructs the microgrid;
It is supposed to be equipped with.

  According to the above solution, the plurality of charging facilities constructed in the microgrid can be effectively used for charging other vehicles. In addition, it handles multiple charging facilities and predicts vacancy information in consideration of the usage status of the charging facility for a certain period in the past, so there seems to be no vacant charging facility when another vehicle arrives at the microgrid. It is also preferable for preventing a serious situation.

A preferred mode based on the above solution is as described in claim 2 and the following claims. That is,
Further comprising behavior information storage means for storing behavior information of the vehicle for a certain period in the past,
The vacancy information predicting means predicts vacancy information in consideration of the storage contents stored in the behavior information storage means in addition to the storage contents of the usage status storage means.
(Corresponding to claim 2). In this case, since the vacant information is predicted in consideration of the action information of the own vehicle, it is preferable in improving the prediction accuracy of the vacant information.

The free information storage means stores a long-term usage status and a short-term usage status as usage status for a certain period in the past,
The availability information predicting means predicts availability information based on both the long-term usage status and the short-term usage status.
(Corresponding to claim 3). In this case, it is preferable in improving the prediction accuracy of empty information.

The behavior information storage means stores long-term behavior information and short-term behavior information as behavior information for a certain period in the past,
The vacancy information predicting means predicts vacancy information in consideration of both the long-term behavior information and the short-term behavior information.
(Corresponding to claim 4). In this case, it is preferable in improving the prediction accuracy of empty information.

The vacancy information predicting means treats the plurality of charging facilities and the plurality of own vehicles using the plurality of charging facilities as a group, respectively, and predicts vacancy information.
(Corresponding to claim 5). In this case, it is preferable in improving the prediction accuracy of empty information.

The vacancy information predicting means predicts vacancy information in consideration of the current usage status of the plurality of charging facilities.
(Corresponding to claim 6). In this case, it is preferable in improving the prediction accuracy of empty information.

The vacancy information predicting means calculates the risk level as a risk level,
The availability information providing means provides the risk level together,
(Corresponding to claim 7). In this case, the person using the other vehicle, that is, the charging facility, can determine whether or not to use the charging facility for which free information is provided in consideration of the risk level, and is highly convenient for other vehicles. It becomes.

  The vacancy information predicting means predicts vacancy information in consideration of the charging facility reservation information for the host vehicle (corresponding to claim 8). In this case, it is preferable for predicting the vacancy information with higher accuracy in consideration of the use of the host vehicle.

  The vacant information predicting means predicts the position of the charging facility, the number of charging facilities, the vacant time of the charging facility, and the power charge (corresponding to claim 9). In this case, the person who uses the other vehicle, that is, the charging facility, can determine whether or not to use the charging facility for which the vacant information is provided based on a lot of information, and is highly convenient for other vehicles It becomes.

  The power charge is set based on power supply / demand prediction in the microgrid (corresponding to claim 10). In this case, an appropriate power charge can be set according to the power supply and demand in the microgrid.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of charging facilities constructed in a microgrid can be effectively used for charging other vehicles.

The system diagram which shows an example of a microgrid. The figure which shows an example of the various information transmission relevant to empty information. The figure which shows an example which calculates | requires the probability of an empty condition from the use condition (vacancy probability) of each charging equipment. The figure which shows an example which estimates the action information of the own vehicle. The flowchart which shows the example of control which estimates the vacancy information of the some charging equipment as a group. The flowchart which shows the example of control for performing prediction of empty information, and its provision. The figure which shows the example of a display of the empty information provided.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a commercial power source, which is owned and managed by an electric power company, and is a normal AC power source. A microgrid MG is connected to the commercial power source 1. The microgrid MG has one common power network 10 and a plurality of individual power networks 20. The common power network 10 includes a common power storage device 11 and a common generator 12, and is connected to the commercial power source 1 via a gateway 13. The common power storage device 11 is, for example, a battery, and the common generator 12 is, for example, a solar power generator or a cogeneration (in the embodiment, a solar power generator is used). Further, the gateway 13 is for transferring power to and from the commercial power source 1 and has a function of adjusting voltage, frequency, and phase for power transfer. The microgrid MG is configured in a narrow area such as a collective area of dozens of single-family houses or a site of an apartment complex.

  The individual power network 20 includes an individual power storage device 21, an individual generator 22, and an in-vehicle power storage device 23 (mounted on the host vehicle V1 or V2). In FIG. 1, for some of the individual power networks 20, the individual power storage device 21, the individual generator 22, and the on-vehicle power storage device 23 are omitted. The individual power storage device 21 is, for example, a battery, and the individual generator 22 is, for example, a solar power generator or a cogeneration system (in the embodiment, a solar power generator is used). The in-vehicle power storage device 23 is, for example, a battery mounted in a plug-in hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, and these vehicles V (V1 or V2) are connected to the individual power network 20. Of course, when the vehicle is used for traveling according to the demand of an individual electric power consumer, the in-vehicle power storage device 23 is disconnected from the individual electric power network 20, and in FIG. Is indicated by a symbol V1, and a vehicle detached from the charging facility 24 is indicated by a symbol V2. In addition, the charging equipment 24 does not need to be installed in all the individual electric power networks 20. In addition, the entire microgrid MG has about several dozen (for example, 50) charging facilities 24.

  The individual power network 20 is for individual power consumers, and a plurality (for example, several tens of houses in the case of a single-family house) are installed. Since the common power storage device 11 and the common generator 12 are for a plurality of individual power grids 20, they are larger (larger capacity) than the individual power storage devices 21 and the individual generators 22. Each individual power consumer has various power consuming appliances such as lighting and air conditioning. For example, in order to operate the power demand independently, the HEMS (Home Energy Management System) connected to the common power grid 10 is used. , 25 using a microcomputer). The HEMS 25 basically controls the individual power storage device 21, the individual generator 22 and the on-vehicle power storage device 23 so that the power demand of each individual power grid 20 is operated as autonomously as possible, and is common when surplus power is generated. When power is discharged to the power network 10 and insufficient power is generated, control is performed so that supply of the insufficient power from the common power network 10 is received.

  In FIG. 1, CM is a central management center as a control means configured using a microcomputer. The central management center CM controls the power demand of the entire microgrid MG. That is, when surplus power is generated in the entire microgrid MG, the common power storage device 11, the individual power storage device 21, and the on-vehicle power storage device 23 are charged. To the commercial power source 1. Further, when power shortage occurs in the entire microgrid, the common power storage device 11, the individual power storage device 21, and the in-vehicle power storage device 23 are discharged in the priority order, but when these discharges are insufficient, the gateway 13 Electric power is procured from the commercial power source 1 via

  The central management center CM controls the microgrid MG so that it can operate as much as possible as much as possible (so that power is not exchanged with the commercial power source 1 as much as possible). And the predicted availability information is provided to other vehicles (vehicles other than the own vehicles owned by the individual electric power users who construct the individual power network 20), and the charging facilities 24 are provided to the other vehicles. We are actively promoting the use.

  Prediction of vacancy information of a plurality of charging facilities 24 by the central management center CM will be described. First, in FIG. 2, the host vehicle is indicated as V (V1 or V2), and the other vehicle is indicated by the symbol VX. As a matter of course, the charging facility 24 is installed adjacent to a parking lot of a vehicle that uses the charging facility 24. The central management center CM stores and updates the usage status (in other words, the availability status) of each charging facility 24 by exchanging signals with the charging facility 24. This stored content stores two types of vacant statuses of a long period (for example, one year) and a short period (for example, one month), which are a fixed period in the past (for each month, every day, every time To remember).

  Further, the central management center CM stores the behavior information with the host vehicle V through the radio, the Internet, or the like. As shown in FIG. 4, the stored behavior information is a distance from the charging facility 24 and is of two types, a long period (for example, one year) and a short period (for example, one month) (each The month is stored every day and every free time). In addition, the central management center CM exchanges information with another vehicle VX that wants to use the charging facility 24 through wireless or the Internet, and specifies the position of the other vehicle VX, or with respect to the other vehicle VX. , Providing information such as the vacancy probability of the charging facility 24.

  The central management center CM predicts the vacancy information of the charging facility 24 based on the vacancy status of the charging facility 24 stored as described above and the behavior information of the host vehicle V. Hereinafter, the point of prediction of the empty information will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the following description, S indicates a step.

  First, in S1 of FIG. 6, a vacancy probability for each time is determined as a basic probability based on a short period (one month) of vacancy conditions. In S1, a predetermined ratio (1/2 in the embodiment) of the difference between the long-term (one year) vacancy status and the short-term (one month) vacancy status is set as the risk, and this risk amount is the above-mentioned risk amount. It is added from the basic probability (see FIG. 3). This vacancy probability is an average value for a plurality of charging facilities 24 when a plurality of charging facilities 24 are handled as a group. That is, as shown in S11 of FIG. 5 corresponding to S1, the average value of the vacancy probabilities of the plurality of charging facilities 24 is calculated.

  After S1, in S2, the time when the other vehicle VX located in the vicinity of the charging facility 24 is predicted to arrive at the charging facility 24 is predicted, and the time period from the predicted arrival time until the charging of the other vehicle VX is completed. Free probability is extracted. In S3, among the extracted vacancy probabilities, the smallest vacancy probability between the arrival time of the other vehicle VX and the charge completion time is selected. After all, the processes of S2 and S3 are for ensuring that the other vehicle VX can be recharged (the charging facility 24 until the other vehicle VX arrives at the charging facility 24 and is fully charged). Need to be free).

  After S3, in S4, the vacancy probabilities extracted in S3 are ranked in, for example, five levels. For example, if the vacancy probability is between 80% and 100%, the rank is A. If the vacancy probability is between 60 and 80%, the rank is B. If the vacancy probability is between 40 and 60%, the rank is C. If the vacancy probability is between 20 and 40%, the rank is D, and if the vacancy probability is between 0 and 20%, the rank is E.

  After S4, whether or not the current position of the host vehicle V leaving the charging facility 24 is at an intermediate departure distance between the average weekly departure distance and the monthly average departure distance in S5. Is determined. That is, the central management center CM stores and updates a shorter one-week distance in addition to the behavior information of the host vehicle V in FIG. 4 (for each day of the week for each day of the week). Remember). When the determination in S5 is YES, as described later, in S8, the availability information of the charging facility 24 is provided to the other vehicle VX.

  If the determination in S5 is NO, it is determined in S6 whether or not the current position of the host vehicle V leaving the charging facility 24 is far (larger) than the “intermediate departure distance” in S5. Is done. When the determination is YES, the process proceeds to S8. Further, when the determination in S6 is NO, there is a risk that the time until the host vehicle V returns to the charging facility 24 is earlier, so in S7, the rank of the vacancy probability set in S4 is lowered by one level. Thereafter, the process proceeds to S8. The process of S7 is also a process based on a request from the fact that the charging facility 24 needs to be vacant after the other vehicle VX arrives at the charging facility 24 until the charging is completed.

  Here, when handling a plurality of charging facilities 24 and a plurality of own vehicles V as a group, as shown in S11 of FIG. 5, the calculation of the vacancy probability is a process of averaging the vacancy probabilities of the individual charging facilities 24. (Risk is also averaged). Further, the arrival time at which the plurality of own vehicles V return to the charging facility 24 is the time to arrive at the center position of the microgrid MG as shown in S12 of FIG. As for the vacancy probability, the smallest vacancy probability is extracted between the time when the host vehicle V returns to the center position of the microgrid MG and the charge completion time. Note that the return position of the host vehicle V can be set as appropriate, such as the end position of the microgrid MG closest to the host vehicle V, or a location set by the driver of the host vehicle V. In addition, the time from the charging start time of the returning vehicle V to the charging completion time is estimated by, for example, predicting the time for full charging from the remaining battery level predicted when the own vehicle V returns. Done.

  The provision of empty information in S8 is performed on, for example, a navigation display screen of another vehicle VX, and a display example is shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, the display unit H <b> 1 indicates the position of the microgrid MG and the position of each charging facility 24. In addition, the position of each charging facility 24 in the micro grid MG and the vacancy probability thereof are displayed on the display unit H1. The vacancy probabilities are displayed in different colors according to the aforementioned vacancy probabilities (for example, A rank is green, B rank is yellow-green, C rank K is yellow, D rank is red, and E rank is white). In the display portion H5, the correspondence between the ranks A to E and the vacancy probability is displayed.

  The display unit H2 indicates a charge when the charging facility 24 is used. In the embodiment, two types of power charges are displayed: a basic charge and a charge that is proportional to the amount of charged power. The distance from the other vehicle VX to the center position of the microgrid MG is displayed on the display unit H3. The display unit H4 displays the total number (for example, nine) of charging facilities 24 that can be used (charged) by other vehicles VX in the microgrid MG, and the vacancy probabilities of the plurality of available charging facilities 24 as a whole. Is done. Further, on the display unit H6, a predicted time zone of the vacant situation (for example, from the current time to a time zone one hour later) is displayed. The predicted time zone can be changed by manual operation of the driver of the other vehicle VX. For example, when the current time is t, the time zone can be changed from “t + 30 minutes” to “t + 60 minutes”. it can.

  In FIG. 7, the display portion H1 is displayed in a small size, but actually, the display portion H1 is displayed in the largest size, and the other display portions H2 to H6 are displayed in a small size.

  Here, the charge displayed on the display unit H2 can be set based on the power supply / demand prediction in the microgrid MG. For example, when it is predicted that the entire microgrid MG has insufficient power, a charge higher than the basic charge is set (at least one of the basic charge and the power charge is increased). Further, when there is surplus power as a whole of the microgrid MG, it is set to a charge that is lower than the basic charge. Note that the power supply / demand prediction for the entire microgrid MG can be performed based on, for example, the added value of the power supply / demand prediction in each individual power network 20, and the common power storage device 11 is used for the power supply / demand prediction in each individual power network 20. The power supply and demand of the microgrid MG as a whole can be predicted with higher accuracy by taking into account the amount of charge and the power generation capacity of the common generator 12. Note that. The prediction of power supply and demand in the individual power network 20 can be determined based on the stored contents by storing and updating the power supply and demand results for a certain period in the past (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4). Forecast in the same way).

Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and can be appropriately changed within the scope described in the scope of claims. For example, the invention includes the following cases. .
(1) The vehicle power storage device 23 may be connected to the common power network 10, that is, the charging facility 24 may be connected to the common power network 10.
(2) A part of the charging facility 24 can be set to prohibit charging of other vehicles in accordance with the demands of individual electric power consumers (for example, by manual selection).
(3) Reservation information may be transmitted to the central management center CM from the other vehicle VX that has received the information such as the vacancy probability as shown in FIG. In this case, the central management center CM may perform a process of reducing the vacancy probability according to the acceptance of the reservation.
(4) The power demand prediction for the entire microgrid MG can be performed not only as an added value of the power demand prediction in each individual power network 20, but also by an appropriate method. For example, it can also be performed based on the past charge / discharge amount data of the common power storage device 11 (prediction based on long-term data and short-term data is preferable). In addition to the above, the data when the power is actually exchanged with the commercial power source 1 is accumulated, and the accumulated data is also taken into account to predict power shortage or power surplus in the entire microgrid MG. You can also.
(5) When various predictions are made based on long-term data and short-term data, only short-term data that is significantly deviated (differed) from long-term data (average value thereof) is used. It may be used (short-term data is limited to data corresponding to an unexpected situation).

(6) The risk (risk value) shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, etc. may use the value itself obtained by subtracting the short-term average value from the long-term average value (weighting to be multiplied by the subtracted value) Although the coefficient is set to 1/2 in the embodiment, this means that the coefficient is set to 1, and this weighting coefficient can be set to an appropriate value). Moreover, you may make it handle dispersion | distribution of the past fixed period as a risk.
(7) As the behavior information of the own vehicle V, in addition to the distance, for example, the charge amount per time can be included, and the behavior information based on the usage state of the power device in the individual power network 20 Prediction (particularly, correction of prediction) may be performed.
(8) If the accumulated data of the usage status of the charging facility 24 exists only for a very short period (for example, about 1 to 2 months), the risk can be set not to be used for other vehicles. It can also be.
(9) Since the charging facility 24 gives priority to the use of the host vehicle V, the charging reservation from the host vehicle V that has left the charging facility 24 may be received with the highest priority. Further, the charging facility 24 is set to have a reservation reception function, and the charging time for the own vehicle V is reserved in advance in the charging facility 24 itself by the manual setting of the person who owns the own vehicle V (that is, the charging facility 24). As the setting is possible, charging to the other vehicle VX may be prohibited during the reserved time (a time zone during which the other vehicle VX cannot be used is forcibly set for each charging facility 24).
(10) In the display example shown in FIG. 7, the charging equipment 24 having the lowest rank E is also displayed. However, the charging equipment 24 having a higher rank (for example, only ranks A to C may be displayed). In this case, the display unit H4 displays the number of A to C rank charging facilities 24 and the vacancy probability of the entire A rank to C rank charging facilities 24.
(11) The empty probability can be determined (corrected) in consideration of the current usage status (vacancy status) of the charging facility 24. In particular, the fact that there are many charging facilities 24 currently in use means that there are many vehicles in use including other vehicles VX, that is, there are many vehicles arriving at the charging facility 24 without making a reservation. In such a case, it is preferable to perform a process of reducing the vacancy probability (the reverse process may be performed when the number of charging facilities in use is small).
(12) The objects of the present invention are not limited to those specified, but implicitly include providing what is substantially preferred or expressed as an advantage.

  The present invention can effectively use the charging facility constructed in the microgrid by other vehicles, and can contribute to the promotion of the popularization of electric vehicles.

MG: Microgrid CM: Central management center V (V1, V2): Own vehicle VX: Other vehicle 1: Commercial power source 10: Common power network 11: Common power storage device 12: Common generator 13: Gateway 20: Individual power network 21: Individual power storage device 22: Individual generator 23: On-vehicle power storage device 24: Charging equipment 25: HEMS

Claims (10)

A charging facility management system in a microgrid that manages vacancy information of a plurality of vehicle charging facilities constructed in a microgrid,
Usage status storage means for storing usage status of the plurality of charging facilities in a past certain period;
Prediction means for predicting vacancy information of the plurality of charging facilities based on the storage contents stored in the usage status storage means;
The vacant information providing means for providing the predicted vacant information to other vehicles other than the own vehicle owned by the individual electric power consumer who constructs the microgrid;
A charging facility management system in a microgrid characterized by comprising: In claim 1,
Further comprising behavior information storage means for storing behavior information of the vehicle for a certain period in the past,
The vacancy information predicting means predicts vacancy information in consideration of the storage contents stored in the behavior information storage means in addition to the storage contents of the usage status storage means.
A charging facility management system in a micro grid. In claim 1 or claim 2,
The free information storage means stores a long-term usage status and a short-term usage status as usage status for a certain period in the past,
The availability information predicting means predicts availability information based on both the long-term usage status and the short-term usage status.
A charging facility management system in a micro grid. In claim 2,
The behavior information storage means stores long-term behavior information and short-term behavior information as behavior information for a certain period in the past,
The vacancy information predicting means predicts vacancy information in consideration of both the long-term behavior information and the short-term behavior information.
A charging facility management system in a micro grid. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The vacancy information predicting means treats the plurality of charging facilities and the plurality of own vehicles that use the plurality of charging facilities as a group, respectively, and predicts vacancy information. Management system. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
The charging facility management system in a microgrid characterized in that the vacant information prediction means predicts vacancy information in consideration of the current usage status of the plurality of charging facilities. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
The vacancy information predicting means calculates the risk level as a risk level,
The availability information providing means provides the risk level together,
A charging facility management system in a micro grid. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7,
The vacancy information predicting means predicts vacancy information in consideration of the charging facility reservation information for the host vehicle. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8,
The vacancy information predicting means predicts the position of the charging facility, the number of charging facilities, the vacant time of the charging facility, and the power charge, and the charging facility management system in the microgrid. In claim 9,
The charging facility management system in a microgrid, wherein the power rate is set based on a power supply / demand prediction in the microgrid.

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