JP2011096428A - Manufacturing method for gas diffusion layer of fuel cell - Google Patents

Manufacturing method for gas diffusion layer of fuel cell Download PDF

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JP2011096428A
JP2011096428A JP2009247387A JP2009247387A JP2011096428A JP 2011096428 A JP2011096428 A JP 2011096428A JP 2009247387 A JP2009247387 A JP 2009247387A JP 2009247387 A JP2009247387 A JP 2009247387A JP 2011096428 A JP2011096428 A JP 2011096428A
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gas diffusion
diffusion layer
guide roller
base material
water
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JP5308989B2 (en
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Keiko Mori
恵子 森
Osamu Sumiya
修 角谷
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To give water-repellency to a gas diffusion layer base material by impregnating with a water-repellent material containing liquid; prevent oozing-out of the water-repellent material containing liquid from the gas diffusion layer base material caused by a guide roller when continuously manufacturing a gas diffusion layer with a roll-to-roll method; and fill up a desired water-repellent material into the gas diffusion layer base material. <P>SOLUTION: The guide roller in which flanges are installed on both ends is used, the gas diffusion layer base material impregnated with the water-repellent material containing liquid passes through the guide roller by hanging on the flanges of the guide roller at the end in the width direction, and a center section of a porous base material in the width direction does not come in contact with the guide roller. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、燃料電池に用いられるガス拡散層の製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for producing a gas diffusion layer used in a fuel cell.

近年、自動車等の駆動源として注目されている燃料電池は、一般に、平板状の電極構造体（ＭＥＡ:Membrane Electrode Assembly）の両側にセパレータが積層された積層体（セル）が１ユニットとされ、複数のユニットが積層されて燃料電池スタックとして構成される。電極構造体は、正極（カソード）および負極（アノード）を構成する一対のガス拡散電極の間にイオン交換樹脂等からなる電解質膜が挟まれた三層構造である。ガス拡散電極は、電解質膜に接触する電極触媒層の外側にガス拡散層が形成されたものである。また、セパレータは、電極構造体のガス拡散電極に接触するように積層され、ガス拡散電極との間にガスを流通させるガス流路や冷媒流路が形成されている。このような燃料電池によると、例えば、負極側のガス拡散電極に面するガス流路に燃料である水素ガスを流し、正極側のガス拡散電極に面するガス流路に酸素や空気等の酸化性ガスを流すと電気化学反応が起こり、電気が発生する。   2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a fuel cell that has been attracting attention as a driving source for automobiles or the like is generally a unit (a cell) in which separators are stacked on both sides of a plate electrode assembly (MEA). A plurality of units are stacked to form a fuel cell stack. The electrode structure has a three-layer structure in which an electrolyte membrane made of an ion exchange resin or the like is sandwiched between a pair of gas diffusion electrodes constituting a positive electrode (cathode) and a negative electrode (anode). In the gas diffusion electrode, a gas diffusion layer is formed on the outside of the electrode catalyst layer in contact with the electrolyte membrane. The separator is laminated so as to be in contact with the gas diffusion electrode of the electrode structure, and a gas flow path and a refrigerant flow path for allowing a gas to flow between the separator and the gas diffusion electrode are formed. According to such a fuel cell, for example, hydrogen gas, which is a fuel, is allowed to flow in a gas flow channel facing the negative electrode side gas diffusion electrode, and oxygen or air is oxidized in the gas flow channel facing the positive electrode side gas diffusion electrode. When a sex gas is flowed, an electrochemical reaction occurs and electricity is generated.

また、燃料電池は上記電気化学反応により水を発生させる。発生した水は上記セル内に滞留すると、水素ガスや酸素ガスの電極触媒層への供給が阻害されるため効率的に外部へ排出される必要がある。そこで、前記ガス拡散層に撥水性を付与し、排水性を高めることが提案されている。   The fuel cell generates water by the electrochemical reaction. If the generated water stays in the cell, the supply of hydrogen gas or oxygen gas to the electrode catalyst layer is hindered, so it is necessary to efficiently discharge the water to the outside. Thus, it has been proposed to impart water repellency to the gas diffusion layer to enhance drainage.

例えば特許文献１〜３において、ガス拡散層として多孔質であるカーボンペーパーやカーボンクロスを基材とし、これら基材の内部にポリテトラフルオロエチレン（PTFE）などの撥水材を充填したものが記載されている。また、このようにカーボンペーパーなどの基材に撥水材を充填する方法としては、カーボンペーパーなどの基材を撥水材を分散させた分散液中に浸漬することが知られている。   For example, in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a porous carbon paper or carbon cloth as a gas diffusion layer is used as a base material, and a water repellent material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is filled in the base material. Has been. In addition, as a method for filling a substrate such as carbon paper with a water repellent material, it is known to immerse the substrate such as carbon paper in a dispersion in which the water repellent material is dispersed.

ここで、図５を用いて従来のガス拡散層の製造方法を説明する。図５はガス拡散層の製造工程を示すものである。ここで、カーボンペーパーなどのガス拡散層基材５１にはロールツーロール製法で撥水材が充填される。当初、ガス拡散層基材５１はロール状に巻かれた基材ロール５２の状態とされる。基材ロール５１から引き出されたガス拡散層基材５１はガイドローラ５７ａを経て、撥水材が分散された分散液５３で満たされた浸漬槽５４に入る。ガス拡散層基材５１にはその細孔中に浸漬槽５４内で分散液５３が含浸され、浸漬槽５４内のガイドローラ５７ｂを経て、浸漬槽５４より出る。そして、ガイドローラ５７ｃを経て、乾燥炉５５内でガス拡散層基材５１中に取り込まれた分散液５３の分散媒が蒸発することで除去され、撥水材がガス拡散基材５１中に残ることになる。このようにして撥水材が充填されたガス拡散層基材５１は再びロール状に巻き取られ、ガス拡散層ロール５６とされる。   Here, the manufacturing method of the conventional gas diffusion layer is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 5 shows a manufacturing process of the gas diffusion layer. Here, the gas diffusion layer base material 51 such as carbon paper is filled with a water repellent material by a roll-to-roll method. Initially, the gas diffusion layer base material 51 is in a state of a base material roll 52 wound in a roll shape. The gas diffusion layer base material 51 drawn from the base material roll 51 passes through the guide roller 57a and enters the immersion tank 54 filled with the dispersion liquid 53 in which the water repellent material is dispersed. The gas diffusion layer base 51 is impregnated with the dispersion 53 in the immersion tank 54 in the pores, and comes out of the immersion tank 54 through the guide roller 57b in the immersion tank 54. Then, the dispersion medium of the dispersion liquid 53 taken into the gas diffusion layer base 51 in the drying furnace 55 is removed by evaporating through the guide roller 57 c, and the water repellent material remains in the gas diffusion base 51. It will be. In this way, the gas diffusion layer base material 51 filled with the water repellent material is again wound up into a roll shape to form a gas diffusion layer roll 56.

特開２００７−１９４００４号公報JP 2007-194004 A 特開２００４−１７９０９５号公報JP 2004-179095 A 特開２００８−３００１９５号公報JP 2008-300195 A

上記のロールツーロール製法においては、ガイドローラ５７ａ（５７ｂ、５７ｃ）として図４（ａ）に示すように円筒形状のローラを用いており、ガス拡散層基材５１はガイドローラ５７ａ（５７ｂ、５７ｃ）の側面に接触し、その進行方向を変えることになる。例えば、図５中において、浸漬槽５４から出たガス拡散層基材５１はその幅全体をガイドローラ５７ｃの側面に接触させて乾燥炉５５に向けて進行方向を変える。   In the above roll-to-roll manufacturing method, a cylindrical roller as shown in FIG. 4A is used as the guide roller 57a (57b, 57c), and the gas diffusion layer base material 51 is a guide roller 57a (57b, 57c). ) Will change the direction of travel. For example, in FIG. 5, the gas diffusion layer base material 51 that has come out of the immersion bath 54 changes its traveling direction toward the drying furnace 55 by bringing the entire width into contact with the side surface of the guide roller 57 c.

ここで、ガス拡散層基材５１はガイドローラ５７ｃとの接触面においてガイドローラ５７ｃからの反力を受けることになる。したがって、ガス拡散層基材５１はガイドローラ２３との接触面において、図４（ｂ）に示すように自身の張力と前記ガイドローラ２３からの反力によって一時的に圧縮されることとなる。ところがこのように圧縮されると、ガス拡散層基材５１の多孔度が低下し、その内部に含浸された分散液５３がガス拡散基材５１から染み出てしまい、所望量の撥水材を充填できないという問題が生じた。本発明は上記の問題に鑑み、所望量の撥水材をガス拡散層基材に充填できるガス拡散層の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   Here, the gas diffusion layer base material 51 receives a reaction force from the guide roller 57c on the contact surface with the guide roller 57c. Therefore, the gas diffusion layer base material 51 is temporarily compressed on the contact surface with the guide roller 23 by its own tension and the reaction force from the guide roller 23 as shown in FIG. However, when compressed in this way, the porosity of the gas diffusion layer base 51 is lowered, and the dispersion 53 impregnated therein exudes from the gas diffusion base 51, and a desired amount of water repellent material is removed. There was a problem that it could not be filled. An object of this invention is to provide the manufacturing method of the gas diffusion layer which can fill a gas diffusion layer base material with a desired amount of water-repellent materials in view of said problem.

上記問題を解決するため、本発明は、多孔質基材中に撥水材を充填した燃料電池用ガス拡散層の製造方法であって、長尺の前記多孔質基材を撥水材含有液中に浸漬して、前記多孔質基材の細孔中に前記撥水材含有液を含浸し、次いでガイドローラを介して前記撥水材含有液が含浸された多孔質基材を乾燥炉内で乾燥して、連続的に前記多孔質基材中に前記撥水材を充填するロールツーロール法によるものであって、前記ガイドローラはその両端部にフランジが設けられており、前記撥水材含有液が含浸された多孔質基材はその幅方向の端部で前記ガイドローラの前記フランジに掛けられて前記ガイドローラを通り、多孔質基材の幅方向の中央部は前記ガイドローラと接触しないことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for producing a gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell in which a porous substrate is filled with a water repellent material, wherein the long porous substrate is treated with a water repellent material-containing liquid. The porous base material impregnated with the water-repellent material-containing liquid is immersed in the pores of the porous base material, and then the water-repellent material-containing liquid is impregnated through a guide roller in a drying furnace. And the guide roller is provided with flanges at both ends thereof, and the water-repellent material is provided with flanges at both ends thereof. The porous base material impregnated with the material-containing liquid is hung on the flange of the guide roller at the end in the width direction, passes through the guide roller, and the center part in the width direction of the porous base material is the guide roller. It is characterized by not touching.

本発明の燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法によれば、撥水材含有液（分散液）が含浸された多孔質基材（ガス拡散層基材）を、両端部にフランジを有するガイドローラの前記フランジに前記多孔質基材の幅方向の両端部を掛けて通し、この多孔質基材の中央部は前記ガイドローラに接触しないようにしたことにより、多孔質基材において圧縮される部分は前記フランジに掛かる幅方向の両端部に限定されることになる。   According to the method for producing a fuel cell separator of the present invention, the porous base material (gas diffusion layer base material) impregnated with the water-repellent material-containing liquid (dispersion liquid) is used for the guide roller having flanges at both ends. By passing both ends of the porous base material in the width direction through the flange, the central part of the porous base material is not in contact with the guide roller, so that the portion compressed in the porous base material is It will be limited to the both ends of the width direction applied to a flange.

したがって、前記ガイドローラに接触しない多孔質基材の中央部はガイドローラによって圧縮されず含浸された液の染み出しがないため、所望量の撥水材をこの中央部に充填することができるようになる。
なお、圧縮され充填された撥水材量が低くなった多孔質基材の両端部部分を後に切断して除去してガス拡散層を形成する。 Accordingly, since the central portion of the porous base material that does not contact the guide roller is not compressed by the guide roller and does not bleed out the impregnated liquid, the central portion can be filled with a desired amount of water repellent material. become.
In addition, the gas diffusion layer is formed by cutting and removing both end portions of the porous base material in which the amount of the compressed and filled water repellent material is low.

本発明のガス拡散層の製造方法に係るガイドローラの図である。It is a figure of the guide roller which concerns on the manufacturing method of the gas diffusion layer of this invention. 本発明のガス拡散層の製造方法に係る製造工程の図である。It is a figure of the manufacturing process which concerns on the manufacturing method of the gas diffusion layer of this invention. 本発明のガス拡散層の製造方法に係るガイドローラの他の形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other form of the guide roller which concerns on the manufacturing method of the gas diffusion layer of this invention. 従来のガス拡散層の製造方法に係るガイドローラの図である。It is a figure of the guide roller which concerns on the manufacturing method of the conventional gas diffusion layer. 従来のガス拡散層の製造方法に係る製造工程の図である。It is a figure of the manufacturing process which concerns on the manufacturing method of the conventional gas diffusion layer.

以下、本発明を図面に基づいて説明する。
図２は本発明の製造工程を示すものである。図５に示す従来のガス拡散層製造工程と同様、ガス拡散層基材２１は基材ロール２２から巻き出され、ガイドローラ２７ａを経て、浸漬槽２４で分散液を含浸する。そして、浸漬槽２４内のガイドローラ２７ｂを経て、浸漬槽２４より出ることになる。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 shows the manufacturing process of the present invention. As in the conventional gas diffusion layer manufacturing process shown in FIG. 5, the gas diffusion layer base material 21 is unwound from the base material roll 22, and impregnated with the dispersion liquid in the immersion tank 24 through the guide roller 27a. And, it goes out of the immersion tank 24 through the guide roller 27 b in the immersion tank 24.

ここで、さらにガス拡散層基材２１はガイドローラ２７ｃを通ることになるが、本発明では従来の製造方法と異なり、図１（ａ）（ｂ）に示すようなガイドローラとして円筒形状本体部Ａの両端部側面にフランジＢ１、Ｂ２が形成されたものを用いる。このフランジＢ１、Ｂ２も前記本体部Ａのように円筒状であり、その円筒底面は前記本体部と同心円となるよう形成される。そして図１（ｃ）に示すように、ガス拡散層基材２１は、前記フランジＢ１、Ｂ２の円筒側面に基材の幅方向端部Ｋ１、Ｋ２を掛けて（接触して）ガイドローラ２７ｃを通る。したがって、ガス拡散層基材において自身の張力とガイドローラからの反力により圧縮される部分は、前記フランジＢ１、Ｂ２に掛かる幅方向両端部Ｋ１、Ｋ２に限定され、幅方向の中央部Ｊは浸漬槽２４で含浸された分散液２３をそのまま保持することが可能となる。   Here, the gas diffusion layer base material 21 passes through the guide roller 27c. However, in the present invention, unlike the conventional manufacturing method, a cylindrical main body portion as a guide roller as shown in FIGS. A having flanges B1 and B2 formed on both side faces of A is used. The flanges B1 and B2 are also cylindrical like the main body A, and the bottom surface of the cylinder is formed to be concentric with the main body. As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the gas diffusion layer base material 21 has the guide rollers 27c hung (contacted) on the cylindrical side surfaces of the flanges B1 and B2 with the width direction end portions K1 and K2 of the base material. Pass through. Accordingly, the portion of the gas diffusion layer base that is compressed by its own tension and the reaction force from the guide roller is limited to the widthwise ends K1 and K2 applied to the flanges B1 and B2, and the widthwise central portion J is The dispersion liquid 23 impregnated in the immersion tank 24 can be held as it is.

ガイドローラ２７ｃを経たガス拡散層基材は、乾燥炉２５内で分散液２３の分散媒を蒸発させて除去し、撥水材が充填されたガス拡散層基材２１はロール状に巻き取られ、ガス拡散層ロール２６となる。この撥水材が充填されたガス拡散層基材２１は、前記フランジ部に掛かった両端部Ｋ１、Ｋ２の撥水材の充填量がフランジに掛からなかった中央部Ｊの充填量に比べて低くなっている。
なお、撥水材が充填されたガス拡散層基材は、この後の工程で所定形状に切断されガス拡散層となる。このとき、撥水材の充填量が低い両端部Ｋ１、Ｋ２は切断して除去される。 The gas diffusion layer base material that has passed through the guide roller 27c is removed by evaporating the dispersion medium of the dispersion liquid 23 in the drying furnace 25, and the gas diffusion layer base material 21 filled with the water repellent material is wound up in a roll shape. The gas diffusion layer roll 26 is obtained. In the gas diffusion layer base material 21 filled with the water repellent material, the filling amount of the water repellent material at both ends K1, K2 applied to the flange portion is lower than the filling amount of the central portion J not applied to the flange portion. It has become.
In addition, the gas diffusion layer base material filled with the water repellent material is cut into a predetermined shape in a subsequent process to become a gas diffusion layer. At this time, both ends K1, K2 having a low filling amount of the water repellent material are cut and removed.

上述のとおり、撥水材含有液がガス拡散層基材に含浸された後に通るガイドローラの両端部にフランジを設け、ガス拡散層基材がその幅方向の両端部で前記フランジに掛かかるようにしたので、ガス拡散層基材がガイドローラを通るときに含浸された撥水材含有液の染み出しが端部に限定され、後にガス拡散層として用いられる中央部に所定量の撥水材を充填することができる。   As described above, flanges are provided at both ends of the guide roller that passes after the gas diffusion layer base material is impregnated with the water repellent material-containing liquid, and the gas diffusion layer base material is applied to the flanges at both ends in the width direction. As a result, the exudation of the liquid containing the water repellent material impregnated when the gas diffusion layer base material passes through the guide roller is limited to the end portion, and a predetermined amount of the water repellent material is used in the central portion to be used later as the gas diffusion layer Can be filled.

なお、以上フランジのついたガイドローラの形状については図１に限られず、例えば図３（ａ）のように、幅方向のずれ防止用のガイド板３３を、本体部３１にフランジ３２を用いて設けたもの、あるいは図３（ｂ）のようにガイドローラ本体部３４の端部の一部にフランジ３５を設けたものを用いることも可能である。   The shape of the guide roller with the flange is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, a guide plate 33 for preventing displacement in the width direction is used, and a flange 32 is used for the main body 31. It is also possible to use one provided, or one provided with a flange 35 at a part of the end of the guide roller main body 34 as shown in FIG.

さらに、フランジのついたガイドローラを上記実施の形態では、浸漬槽２４から出て通るガイドローラ２７ｃに用いる例を示したが、他のガイドローラ、例えば浸漬槽内のガイドローラ２７ｂに用いることも可能である。フランジのついたガイドローラをガイドローラ２７ｂとして用いることにより、ガス拡散層基板中央部への撥水材含有液の含浸が促進されるため、ガス拡散層基板の浸漬層への浸漬時間の短縮、ひいてはラインスピードを高め、生産性を向上させることができる。   Further, in the above embodiment, the guide roller with a flange is used as the guide roller 27c that passes out of the immersion tank 24. However, the guide roller may be used as another guide roller, for example, the guide roller 27b in the immersion tank. Is possible. By using the guide roller with the flange as the guide roller 27b, the impregnation of the water repellent material-containing liquid into the central portion of the gas diffusion layer substrate is promoted, so that the immersion time of the gas diffusion layer substrate in the immersion layer is shortened. As a result, line speed can be increased and productivity can be improved.

２１、５１ ガス拡散層基材（多孔性基材）
２４、５４ 浸漬槽
２５、５５ 乾燥炉
２７ａ、２７ｂ、２７ｃ、５７ａ、５７ｂ、５７ｃ ガイドローラ
Ａ 本体部 Ｂ１、Ｂ２ フランジ Ｊ 中央部 Ｋ１、Ｋ２ 端部
21, 51 Gas diffusion layer substrate (porous substrate)
24, 54 Immersion tank 25, 55 Drying furnace 27a, 27b, 27c, 57a, 57b, 57c Guide roller A Main body B1, B2 Flange J Central part K1, K2 End part

Claims (1)

多孔質基材中に撥水材を充填した燃料電池用ガス拡散層の製造方法であって、
長尺の前記多孔質基材を撥水材含有液中に浸漬して、前記多孔質基材の細孔中に前記撥水材含有液を含浸し、次いでガイドローラを介して前記撥水材含有液が含浸された多孔質基材を乾燥炉内で乾燥して、連続的に前記多孔質基材中に前記撥水材を充填するロールツーロール法によるものであって、
前記ガイドローラはその両端部にフランジが設けられており、前記撥水材含有液が含浸された多孔質基材はその幅方向の端部で前記ガイドローラの前記フランジに掛けられて前記ガイドローラを通り、多孔質基材の幅方向の中央部は前記ガイドローラと接触しないことを特徴とする燃料電池用ガス拡散層の製造方法。 A method for producing a gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell in which a porous substrate is filled with a water repellent material,
The long porous substrate is immersed in a water-repellent material-containing liquid, the pores of the porous substrate are impregnated with the water-repellent material-containing liquid, and then the water-repellent material is passed through a guide roller. The porous substrate impregnated with the containing liquid is dried in a drying furnace, and the porous substrate is continuously filled with the water repellent material by a roll-to-roll method,
The guide roller is provided with flanges at both ends thereof, and the porous base material impregnated with the water repellent material-containing liquid is hung on the flange of the guide roller at the widthwise end thereof, and the guide roller And the center part in the width direction of the porous substrate does not contact the guide roller.
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