JP2011094974A - System for visualizing stress in ground - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for readily visualizing stress acting on the ground for understanding the stress. <P>SOLUTION: A pressure-sensitive color developing section 5 formed by encapsulating a dye or pigment into a plurality of types of microcapsules 8, having different rupture strengths is provided on the outer circumferential surface of a rigid body 4 having a spherical shape to form a pressure-sensitive color developer 3. The pressure-sensitive color developer 3 is buried in the ground. The stress acting on the ground is visualized three-dimensionally by the color developing region and the color-developing density of the pressure-sensitive color developing section 5 that develops color, by having the microcapsules 8 broken, according to the stress acting on the ground. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technical field of a stress visualization system for ground such as embankment.

  In general, when constructing things like railroads and roads, for example, it may be constructed after embankment, and knowing what kind of stress actually acts on the ground like this embankment, Necessary for predicting ground collapse. And in order to know the stress acting on such ground, the sound (AE (acoustic emission), that is, minute elastic wave) generated (or destroyed) due to the displacement of the ground is measured to determine the displacement of the ground. What was observed is known (for example, refer patent documents 1-3).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 62-8385 JP-A-64-39580 JP-A-8-68672

However, in order to measure the acoustic emission, it is required to embed a dedicated sensor in the soil and to monitor and measure it, so that the entire device is not only complicated and large, but also stress on the ground. When this occurs, there is a problem that the propagation state of the stress cannot be observed.
Therefore, it is proposed to attach an electronic tag to those with large particle sizes such as gravel and sand, and measure the displacement when stress is applied, but the ground is like mud or clay. Since it cannot attach an electronic tag about a thing with a small particle size, it cannot measure and there exists a problem which this invention should solve here.

The present invention was created for the purpose of solving these problems in view of the above circumstances, and the invention of claim 1 is a stress visualization system for visualizing the stress acting on the ground, The stress visualization system embeds a pressure-sensitive color former that develops color in response to stress acting on the ground, and the pressure-sensitive color former is a spherical, polyhedral, or columnar rigid body. It is assumed that a pressure-sensitive color developing portion formed by enclosing a dye or pigment in a plurality of types of microcapsules having different breaking strengths is provided on the outer peripheral surface portion, and the microcapsules are broken according to the stress acting on the ground. The stress visualization system in the ground is characterized in that the stress acting on the ground is three-dimensionally visualized by the color development portion and color density of the pressure-sensitive color development portion that develops color.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the pressure-sensitive color former is provided with a marker that serves as an index in the vertical and horizontal directions when the pressure-sensitive color former is embedded in the ground. Stress visualization system.
A third aspect of the present invention is the stress visualization system according to the first or second aspect, wherein the pressure-sensitive color former is embedded in a matrix in the horizontal and vertical directions of the ground.

According to the invention of claim 1, when stress is applied to the ground due to an earthquake or the like, it acts on the ground due to the color development portion and color density of the pressure-sensitive color development portion that develops color according to the stress acting on the ground. The direction and magnitude of the stress are visualized three-dimensionally, so that the stress applied to the ground can be known very simply and clearly. In addition, this system does not require a complex and large device like an acoustic emission measurement sensor, and can be used regardless of the size of the ground. Excellent.
According to the invention of claim 2, even after the pressure-sensitive color former is taken out from the ground, the direction of the stress acting on the ground can be easily and accurately known.
By setting it as invention of Claim 3, the distribution and propagation state of the stress which acted on the ground can also be visualized.

(A) is a figure which shows the embedding state of a pressure sensitive color body, (B) is XX sectional drawing of (A), (C) is YY sectional drawing of (A). (A) is an overall view of a pressure-sensitive color developing body, (B) is an enlarged view taken along arrow X in (A), and (C) is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a pressure-sensitive color developing portion. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the relative density of color development of a pressure-sensitive color development body, and the stress which acts on the ground. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pressure sensitive color development part of another example. (A) is a figure which shows the marker of another example, (B) is an X arrow enlarged view of (A). (A), (B), (C), (D) is a figure which shows the shape of the rigid body of another example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an embankment (corresponding to the ground of the present invention) serving as a roadbed of a railroad track 2, and the embankment 1 has pressure-sensitive color development as a means for visualizing stress acting on the embankment 1. The body 3 is embedded.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure-sensitive color development body 3 is provided with a pressure-sensitive color development section 5 that develops color in response to stress, as will be described later, on the outer peripheral surface of a spherical or solid rigid body 4. The rigid body 4 is made of a non-corrosive material such as ceramics or stainless steel that has a strong rigidity so that the rigid body 4 is not damaged or deformed even when stress is applied to the embankment 1. Formed from.

  Further, the rigid body 4 includes a first marker protrusion 4a serving as a vertical index and a second marker protrusion 4a serving as a horizontal index when the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is embedded in the embankment 1. And project. When embedding the pressure-sensitive color former 3 in the embankment 1, the first marker protrusion 4 a faces upward and the second marker protrusion 4 b is specified in any horizontal direction (for example, south, north, etc.). , East, west, etc.), it is possible to determine which part of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is embedded in which direction. The first marker protrusion 4a and the second marker protrusion 4b correspond to the marker of the present invention.

  The first marker projection 4a is marked with a mark P (number, alphabet, symbol, etc.) for specifying the burying position of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3, whereby stress is applied to the embankment 1. Even if the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is displaced at this time, it is possible to specify the buried portion of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 before the displacement. In the present embodiment, the mark P for specifying the burying position of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is marked on the first marker protrusion 4a serving as the vertical index, but the second marker serving as the horizontal index. It may be marked on the marker protrusion 4b, or the mark P may be marked on a different part from the first and second marker protrusions 4a.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2C, the pressure-sensitive color developing portion 5 is composed of a base material 6 adhered to the outer peripheral surface portion of the rigid body 4 and a color former layer 7 applied on the base material 6. Is done. The substrate 6 is in the form of a sheet or a film, and is formed from, for example, paper, synthetic paper, plastic film, or the like.

  The color former layer 7 is a layer containing a large number of microcapsules 8 encapsulating a dye or pigment. Examples of the dye include xanthene, thiazine, phenylmethane, indigoid, azo, Coumarin-based, azine-based, polymethine-based, cyanine-based, phthalocyanine-based, anthraquinone-based, pyrazoline-based, stilbene-based, quinoline-based compounds, and mixtures thereof can be used. Inorganic pigments such as zinc yellow, red lead, iron oxide red, ultramarine blue, potassium ferrocyanide, and carbon black, or organic pigments such as azo, phthalocyanine, indigoid, and anthraquinone can be used. However, any dye or pigment other than white is used.

  The microcapsule 8 is configured so as to be broken by receiving pressure and to release a dye or a pigment enclosed in the microcapsule 8, but the breaking strength of the microcapsule 8 is not uniform. A plurality of types of microcapsules 8 having different breaking strengths are mixed, and the amount of destruction of the microcapsules 8 is increased or decreased according to the pressure. The manufacture of such microcapsules 8 having different breaking strengths is already well known and will not be described, but the breaking strength can be adjusted by making the particle size and film thickness of the microcapsules 8 different. .

  Further, the membrane wall of the microcapsule 8 is white and opaque, and before the microcapsule 8 is broken, the color of the encapsulated dye or pigment is not transparent. In a state where the microcapsules 8 after destruction are mixed, the color of the dye or pigment released from the destroyed microcapsules 6 is clearly revealed. Such white opaque microcapsules 8 can be formed using, for example, polyurea resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melanin-formaldehyde resin, saturated polyester, polyurethane-based, epoxy-based, silicone-based, or the like. Further, the color former layer 7 is blended with gum arabic, gelatin, starch particles or the like as a protective material for the microcapsules 8.

  Thus, the pressure-sensitive color developing portion 5 breaks the microcapsule 8 by receiving pressure, and the color is developed by the dye or pigment released from the microcapsule 8. In this case, as described above, Since the microcapsules 8 having different breaking strengths are mixed, the amount of destruction of the microcapsules 8 increases or decreases according to the magnitude of the pressure, that is, is released from the microcapsules 8 according to the magnitude of the pressure. The amount of dye or pigment released increases or decreases. Then, the color density of the pressure-sensitive color developing portion 5 changes in density based on the increase / decrease of the amount of the dye or pigment released, whereby the magnitude of the pressure received by the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 can be visualized. . Although not shown, the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is covered with a transparent film-like protective coating made of, for example, a soft resin material, thereby allowing pressure-sensitive color development due to moisture or substances contained in the soil. The part 5 is protected so as not to be altered or deteriorated.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, a calibration curve is created in advance by experiments as to the relationship between the relative color density of the pressure-sensitive color development portion 5 and the stress acting on the ground. Thereby, the magnitude of the stress acting on the ground can be measured by the color density of the pressure-sensitive color development portion 5.

  In visualizing the stress acting on the embankment 1 using the pressure-sensitive color former 3, the pressure-sensitive color former 3 is arranged in a matrix in the horizontal and vertical directions in the soil of the embankment 1 as shown in FIG. For example, in the case where an earthquake occurs, for example, the buried portion of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is dug up, and the colored portion of the pressure-sensitive colored portion 5 and the color density of the colored portion are directly visually observed. Alternatively, the color density is quantified with a color densitometer. Thereby, the direction, magnitude, distribution, and propagation state of the stress acting on the embankment 1 can be visualized three-dimensionally.

  In the present embodiment configured as described, when the stress acting on the embankment 1 is visualized, the pressure-sensitive color former 3 is arranged in a matrix in the horizontal and vertical directions in the soil of the embankment 1 as described above. Although it is embedded, the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is formed by sealing dyes or pigments in a plurality of types of microcapsules 8 having different breaking strengths on the outer peripheral surface portion of a spherical rigid body 4. When the portion 5 is provided and stress is applied to the embankment 1, the microcapsule 8 is broken according to the stress, so that the pressure-sensitive coloring portion 5 in the portion where the stress is applied is stressed. In this way, the color is developed at a color density according to the above, whereby the direction and magnitude of the stress acting on the embankment 1 is visualized in three dimensions.

  As a result, for example, when an earthquake occurs, the embedding portion of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is dug up, and the color development portion of the pressure-sensitive color development portion 5 and the color density of the color development portion are visually observed, or a color densitometer By quantifying the color density with, the direction and magnitude of the stress acting on the embankment 1 can be known very simply and clearly. In addition, this system does not require a complex and large device such as an acoustic emission measurement sensor, and can be used regardless of the size of the ground of the embankment 1. Excellent in properties.

  Moreover, since the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is provided with the first marker projection 4a serving as the vertical index and the second marker projection 4b serving as the horizontal index, the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is provided. Even after taking out from the embankment 1, the direction of the stress acting on the embankment 1 can be known easily and accurately.

  Furthermore, since the pressure-sensitive color former 3 is embedded in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the embankment 1, the distribution state and propagation state of stress acting on the embankment 1 can be visualized. When disaster countermeasures such as embankment collapse prevention are taken in preparation for future disasters, more reliable disaster countermeasures can be taken.

  Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the dye encapsulated in the microcapsule is a dye precursor that develops color by reacting with a developer, such as a leuco dye. Can also be used. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the pressure-sensitive color developing portion 5 is coated with a developer layer 9 containing a developer on a base material 6 adhered to the outer peripheral surface portion of the rigid body 4, On the developer layer 9, a color former layer 7 in which a dye precursor is sealed in a plurality of types of microcapsules 8 having different breaking strengths is applied. And in this thing, the stress which acts on the ground is visualized by the color density when the dye precursor released from the microcapsule 8 destroyed in response to the stress reacts with the color developer. It will be. In addition, when using a dye precursor as a dye in this way, the structure of the pressure-sensitive color developing portion 5 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 4, and for example, not only the dye precursor but also the developer is destroyed. You may comprise so that it may enclose in several types of microcapsule from which intensity | strength differs.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first marker protrusion 4a serving as an index in the vertical direction and the horizontal marker as the marker serving as the index in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the pressure-sensitive color developing body embedded in the ground are provided. The second marker projection 4b serving as an index is provided separately. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, only one marker projection 4c is provided on the rigid body 4, and the marker The position of the protrusion 4c is used as an index in the vertical direction, and a mark A (for example, an arrow) serving as a horizontal index is marked on the marker protrusion 4c, so that the index in the vertical direction and the index in the horizontal direction are combined. It can also be a marker. In FIG. 5, P is a mark for specifying the embedded position of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3.

  Further, the shape of the rigid body is not limited to the spherical shape of the above-described embodiment, but is a polyhedron such as an octahedron or a dodecahedron as shown in FIGS. The rigid bodies 10 and 11 having a shape, or the rigid bodies 12 and 13 having a columnar shape such as a cylinder or a quadrangular prism may be used. Although not shown, the rigid bodies 10, 11, 12, and 13 are also provided with markers serving as indexes in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

  Furthermore, it is needless to say that the present invention can be implemented as a system for visualizing stresses acting on various grounds such as roads and residential land as well as embankments serving as railroad roadbeds.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for visualizing the direction, magnitude, distribution, propagation state, etc. of stress acting on ground such as embankment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Embankment 3 Pressure sensitive coloring body 4 Rigid body 4a 1st marker protrusion 4b 2nd marker protrusion 5 Pressure sensitive coloring part 8 Microcapsule

Claims (3)

  A stress visualization system for visualizing stress acting on the ground, wherein the stress visualization system embeds a pressure-sensitive color former that develops color by the stress acting on the ground, and the pressure-sensitive color former is a sphere. It is assumed that a pressure-sensitive color developing portion formed by enclosing a dye or pigment in a plurality of types of microcapsules having different breaking strengths is provided on the outer peripheral surface portion of a rigid body having a shape, polyhedron shape, or columnar shape, In the ground characterized in that the stress acting on the ground is three-dimensionally visualized by the color development site and color density of the pressure-sensitive color development portion that develops color when the microcapsules are broken according to the stress acting on the ground. Stress visualization system.   2. The stress visualization system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-sensitive color former is provided with a marker that serves as an index in the vertical and horizontal directions when the pressure-sensitive color former is embedded in the ground.   3. The stress visualization system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure-sensitive color former is embedded in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the ground.

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