JP2011094973A - Method for visualizing stress in ground - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for readily visualizing stress acting on the ground for understanding the stress. <P>SOLUTION: A pressure-sensitive color developer 3 is formed which keeps a dye or pigment encapsulated in a plurality of types of microcapsules 6 having different rupture strengths, and the microcapsules 6 arranged by classifying on the basis of the rupture strengths. The pressure-sensitive color developer 3 is buried in the ground. The stress acting on the ground is visualized by a classification in which the dye or pigment develops by breaking the microcapsules 6, according to the stress acting on the ground. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technical field of a stress visualization method for ground such as embankment.

  In general, when constructing things like railroads and roads, for example, it may be constructed after embankment, and knowing what kind of stress actually acts on the ground like this embankment, Necessary for predicting ground collapse. And in order to know the stress acting on such ground, the sound (AE (acoustic emission), that is, minute elastic wave) generated (or destroyed) due to the displacement of the ground is measured to determine the displacement of the ground. What was observed is known (for example, refer patent documents 1-3).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 62-8385 JP-A-64-39580 JP-A-8-68672

However, in order to measure the acoustic emission, it is required to embed a dedicated sensor in the soil and to monitor and measure it, so that the entire device is not only complicated and large, but also stress on the ground. When this occurs, there is a problem that the propagation state of the stress cannot be observed.
Therefore, it is proposed to attach an electronic tag to those with large particle sizes such as gravel and sand, and measure the displacement when stress is applied, but the ground is like mud or clay. Since it cannot attach an electronic tag about a thing with a small particle size, it cannot measure and there exists a problem which this invention should solve here.

The present invention was created in order to solve these problems in view of the above circumstances, and the invention of claim 1 is a method for visualizing stress acting on the ground, and In addition, by encapsulating dyes or pigments in a plurality of types of capsules having different breaking strengths, and embedding a pressure-sensitive color developing body in which the capsules are classified according to breaking strengths, the capsules are broken according to the stress acting on the ground. This is a method for visualizing stress in the ground, wherein the stress acting on the ground is visualized by the classification in which the dye or pigment is expressed.
The invention according to claim 2 is the stress visualization method in the ground according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive color former is arranged in the order of the breaking strength of the capsules according to the breaking strength.
The invention according to claim 3 is the method for visualizing stress in the ground according to claim 2, wherein the pressure-sensitive color formers are arranged in parallel according to the breaking strength of the capsules.
A fourth aspect of the present invention is the stress visualization method in the ground according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the pressure-sensitive color-developing body includes a numerical value of the breaking strength of the capsule.
A fifth aspect of the present invention is a stress visualization method for a ground according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein a plurality of pressure-sensitive color formers are embedded in the horizontal and vertical directions of the ground.

By applying the invention of claim 1, when stress acts on the ground due to an earthquake or the like, the stress acting on the ground can be visualized by the expression classification of the dye or pigment of the pressure-sensitive color former embedded in the ground. Thus, the stress acting on the ground can be known very simply and clearly. Moreover, this method does not require a complicated and large device like an acoustic emission measurement sensor, and can be used regardless of the size of the ground. Excellent. Furthermore, since the magnitude of the stress is visualized according to the classification of the dye or pigment, the color density has become thinner over time after the dye or pigment has developed on the pressure-sensitive color former. Even in such a case, if you can determine whether it is expressed or not, you can know the magnitude of the stress accurately regardless of the concentration, and there is no need to measure the color density using a color densitometer. It is very easy to know the magnitude of the stress.
According to the invention of claim 2, it is easy to visually find the section where the dye or pigment is expressed, and thus the magnitude of the stress can be visually recognized more easily and quickly.
According to the invention of claim 3, it is easy to visually find the section where the dye or the pigment is expressed, and the layout of the section according to the breaking strength of the capsule is facilitated in producing the pressure-sensitive color developing body.
According to the invention of claim 4, the numerical value of the magnitude of the stress acting on the ground can be known at a glance, so that the magnitude of the stress can be measured more quickly and accurately.
By setting it as invention of Claim 5, the direction and distribution of the stress which acted on the ground, and a propagation state can also be visualized.

It is a figure which shows the embedding state of a pressure-sensitive color development body. (A) is a plan view of a pressure-sensitive color developing body, and (B) is a partially enlarged sectional view of (A). It is a partially expanded sectional view of the pressure-sensitive color developing body in another example. (A), (B) is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the capsule layer in another example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an embankment (corresponding to the ground of the present invention) serving as a roadbed of a railroad track 2, and the embankment 1 has pressure-sensitive color development as a means for visualizing stress acting on the embankment 1. The body 3 is embedded.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure-sensitive color former 3 includes a base material 4 and a capsule layer 5 applied on the base material 4. The base material 4 has a sheet shape, a film shape, or a plate shape, and is formed of, for example, paper, synthetic paper, a plastic film, or the like.

  The capsule layer 5 is a layer containing a large number of microcapsules (corresponding to the capsule of the present invention) 6 in which a dye or pigment is encapsulated, and the capsule layer 5 has a plurality of types having different breaking strengths. These microcapsules 6 are arranged in a state of being classified according to the breaking strength.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the capsule layer 5 is composed of a plurality of divided capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,... 5N, and the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,. Contains microcapsules 6 having different breaking strengths for each capsule layer 5A, 5B, 5C,... 5N. In this case, the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,... 5N are arranged in parallel so as to be in order of the breaking strength of the contained microcapsules 6, and are arranged on one end side (left side in FIG. 2). The microcapsule 6 contained in the capsule layer 5A has the smallest breaking strength, the breaking strength gradually increases toward the other end side, and the capsule layer 5N disposed on the other end side (right side in FIG. 2). The microcapsules 6 contained in the are arranged so that the breaking strength is maximized. For example, when the stress (kN / cm ² ) to be measured is set in a range from 10 kN / cm ² to 250 kN / cm ² , the microcapsules 6 contained in the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,. The breaking strength is such that the microcapsules 6 contained in the capsule layer 5A are broken at a stress of 10 kN / cm ² , and the microcapsules 6 contained in the capsule layer 5N are broken at a stress of 250 kN / cm ^2. until the capsule layer 5N, for example, the breaking strength of 10 kN / cm ² or 20 kN / cm ² increments sequentially stepwise microcapsules 6 are arranged so as to increase the. Each of the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C... 5N corresponds to a category of the present invention. The capsule layer 5 is blended with gum arabic, gelatin, starch particles, or the like as a protective material for the microcapsules 6.

Further, the base material 6 is provided with a breaking strength description column 7 in which numerical values of breaking strength of the microcapsules 6 contained in the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,. Thereby, when the microcapsule 6 is destroyed and a dye or pigment is developed as described later, the numerical value of the breaking strength of the microcapsule 6 of the capsule layer 5 in which the dye or pigment is developed can be confirmed at a glance. It has become. still,
In the breaking strength description column 7 of the present embodiment, the breaking strength of the microcapsule 6 is described for each capsule layer 5A, 5B, 5C,... 5N, but is not limited to this. A numerical value can be written in steps, and the scale can be set in the meantime. Further, such a breaking strength description column 7 is not necessarily provided, and a configuration in which the numerical value of the breaking strength of the microcapsule 6 of each capsule layer 5 can be confirmed by a separately prepared material can be used.

  Examples of the dye encapsulated in the microcapsule 6 include xanthene, thiazine, phenylmethane, indigoid, azo, coumarin, azine, polymethine, cyanine, phthalocyanine, anthraquinone, and pyrazoline. , Stilbene, quinoline compounds and mixtures thereof, and pigments include, for example, yellow lead, zinc yellow, red lead, iron oxide red, ultramarine blue, iron ferrocyanide potassium Inorganic pigments such as carbon black or organic pigments such as azo, phthalocyanine, indigoid, and anthraquinone can be used, but in this embodiment, dyes or pigments other than white are used.

  Further, the membrane wall of the microcapsule 6 is white and opaque so that the color of the encapsulated dye or pigment does not pass through before the microcapsule 6 is destroyed, and the microcapsule 6 is released from the destroyed microcapsule 6. So that it can be clearly distinguished from the color of the dye or pigment. Such white opaque microcapsules 6 can be formed using, for example, polyurea resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melanin-formaldehyde resin, saturated polyester, polyurethane, epoxy, silicone, or the like. The manufacture of the microcapsules 6 having different breaking strengths is already well known and will not be described here. However, the breaking strength can be adjusted by making the particle size and film thickness of the microcapsules 6 different. In this embodiment, the membrane wall of the microcapsule 6 is white and the color of the dye or pigment enclosed in the microcapsule 6 is other than white. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the membrane of the microcapsule 6 is not limited thereto. If the color of the wall is different from the color of the dye or pigment to be encapsulated, that is, if the microcapsule 6 can be clearly distinguished from before and after it is destroyed, the membrane wall of the microcapsule 6 is a color other than white. The color of the dye or pigment to be encapsulated may be white.

  The microcapsule 6 is destroyed by applying a stress higher than the breaking strength, and thereby the dye or pigment enclosed in the microcapsule 6 appears. As described above, the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3, a plurality of types of microcapsules 6 having different breaking strengths are arranged in order of breaking strength in a state of being divided into capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,. The color of the dye or pigment in the section of the capsule layer 5 containing the microcapsules 6 having the following breaking strength is expressed. The magnitude of the stress acting on the pressure coloring body 3 can be visualized. In this case, in the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3, as described above, the breaking strength values of the microcapsules 6 contained in the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,. Therefore, by confirming the breaking strength of the capsule layer 5 containing the microcapsule 6 having the largest breaking strength among the capsule layers 5 in which the color of the dye or pigment is expressed, The size can be measured at a glance.

  Then, in visualizing the stress acting on the embankment 1 using the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3, a plurality of horizontal and vertical embeds are embedded in the soil of the embankment 1 as shown in FIG. For example, when an earthquake occurs, the buried portion of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is dug up to visually recognize the section of the capsule layer 5 where the dye or pigment is expressed. Thereby, the magnitude | size, direction, distribution, propagation state, etc. of the stress which acted on the embankment 1 can be visualized now. Although not shown, the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is covered with a transparent film-like protective coating made of, for example, a soft resin material, thereby allowing pressure-sensitive color development due to moisture or substances contained in the soil. The body 3 is protected from deterioration or deterioration. In addition, each pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is marked (not shown) for specifying the embedment location. As a result, the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is displaced when stress is applied to the embankment 1. In addition, it is possible to specify the buried portion of the pressure-sensitive color former 3 before displacement.

  In the present embodiment configured as described, in order to visualize the stress acting on the embankment 1, as described above, a plurality of pressure-sensitive color bodies 3 are embedded in the soil of the embankment 1 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. However, the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is one in which dyes or pigments are encapsulated in a plurality of types of microcapsules 6 having different breaking strengths, and the microcapsules 6 are arranged according to breaking strengths. Thus, when stress is applied to the embankment 1, the microcapsule 6 is broken in accordance with the applied stress, and the dye or pigment of the section containing the broken microcapsule 6 appears. Thus, the magnitude, direction, distribution, propagation state, and the like of the stress acting on the embankment 1 are visualized.

  As a result, for example, when an earthquake occurs, the embedding portion of the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is dug up, and the section where the dye or pigment is expressed in the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is visually recognized. The magnitude, direction, distribution, propagation state, and the like of the applied stress can be known very simply and clearly. In addition, this method does not require a complicated and large device such as an acoustic emission measurement sensor, and can be used regardless of the size of the ground of the embankment 1. Excellent in properties.

  Further, in this case, the microcapsules 6 in which the dye or pigment is encapsulated are classified according to the breaking strength, and the magnitude of the stress is visualized by the classification where the dye or pigment is expressed. Even if the color density has faded due to the passage of time etc. after the dye or pigment has developed, the magnitude of stress can be accurately measured regardless of the color density as long as it can be determined whether it is present or not. In addition, there is no need to measure the color density using a color densitometer, and the magnitude of stress can be measured very easily.

  In addition, in the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3, the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,... 5N containing the microcapsules 6 classified according to the breaking strength are arranged in parallel in the breaking strength order. Alternatively, it is easy to visually find the section where the pigment is expressed, and thus the magnitude of the stress can be visually recognized more easily and quickly. Further, in manufacturing the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3, the layout of the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,.

  Further, the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 is provided with a breaking strength description column 7 in which numerical values of breaking strength of the microcapsules 6 contained in the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,. The numerical value of the magnitude of the stress acting on the embankment 1 can be known at a glance, so that the magnitude of the stress can be measured more quickly and accurately.

  Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the dye enclosed in the capsule 6 may be a dye precursor that develops color by reacting with a developer, such as a leuco dye. Can also be used. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a developer layer 8 is applied on the substrate 4, and a dye precursor is encapsulated on the developer layer 8. Each of the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,. And in this thing, the stress which acts on a ground is visualized by the division of the capsule layer 5 which the dye precursor released from the microcapsule 6 destroyed according to the stress reacts with the developer. Will be.

  Further, when the microcapsules 6 are arranged on the pressure-sensitive color developing body 3 according to the breaking strength, in the above embodiment, the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,. For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,... 5N are arranged radially, as shown in FIG. ) As shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 7 denotes a breaking strength description column in which numerical values of breaking strength of the microcapsules 6 contained in the capsule layers 5A, 5B, 5C,.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, a microcapsule is used as a capsule. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a capsule having a size of nm (nanometer) or mm (millimeter) may be used. Also, the number of capsules having the same breaking strength is not limited, and it may be tens of thousands or more for small capsules, or one for large capsules. In short, it appears when the capsules are broken. Any quantity can be used as long as the color of the dye or pigment can be visually confirmed.
Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented as a method of visualizing stresses acting on various grounds such as roads and residential land as well as embankments serving as railroad roadbeds.

  The present invention can be used for visualizing the magnitude, distribution, propagation state, and the like of stress acting on the ground such as embankment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filling 3 Pressure-sensitive color development body 5 Capsule layer 6 Microcapsule 7 Breaking strength description column

Claims (5)

  A method for visualizing stress acting on the ground, in which a dye or pigment is encapsulated in a plurality of types of capsules having different breaking strengths, and pressure sensitive color bodies are arranged in which the capsules are classified according to breaking strengths. A method for visualizing stress in the ground, wherein the stress acting on the ground is visualized according to a classification in which the dye or pigment is expressed by breaking the capsule according to the stress acting on the ground.   2. The method for visualizing stress in the ground according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-sensitive color former is arranged in the order of breaking strength of the capsules according to breaking strength.   3. The method for visualizing stress in the ground according to claim 2, wherein the pressure-sensitive color formers are arranged in parallel according to the breaking strength of the capsules.   The method for visualizing stress in the ground according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressure-sensitive color developing body includes a numerical value of capsule breaking strength.   5. The method for visualizing stress in the ground according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pressure-sensitive color formers are embedded in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the ground.

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