JP2011093991A - Method for treating low flash point waste oil, and solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating low flash point waste oil by which the flash point of low flash point waste oil can be economically raised and the handleability of the low flash point waste oil can be improved. <P>SOLUTION: The method for treating low flash point waste oil includes mixing low flash point waste oil having a flash point of 21 to <40°C with biomasses such as fragments of waste straw mats and wood chips, whereby the low flash point waste oil is converted to a solid fuel having a flash point of ≥40°C. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for treating a low flash point waste oil, and in particular, a method for treating a low flash point waste oil that can be used safely as a fuel by raising the flash point of the low flash point waste oil, and obtained by the treatment method. Related to the solid fuel produced.

  In recent years, various approaches to utilizing alternative fuels have been made in accordance with soaring prices of fuels such as crude oil and coal. In particular, the use of flammable waste as fuel contributes to both the treatment of the waste and the reduction of fuel costs, and therefore has a special significance.

  Here, low flash point waste oil such as waste solvent, waste paint, waste ink, waste thinner, by-product glycerin, waste paint distillation residue, etc. containing low flash point components such as toluene, xylene, butyl acetate, ethylbenzene, ethanol, methanol, etc. Because of its high energy, it is expected to be used effectively as a fuel, as described above, without being incinerated as waste. However, waste solvents have a low flash point, and there is a risk of fire and explosion. It was difficult to handle such as fire prevention measures and explosion prevention measures.

On the other hand, a technology has been devised that raises the flash point of a low flash point material that is difficult to handle and improves its handleability.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for increasing a flash point by mixing a petroleum-based solvent with a fluorine-based incombustible solvent (perfluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, etc.) in a proportion exceeding 3% by volume. And this patent document 1 can raise flash point to 75 degreeC by melt | dissolving and mixing about 4 volume% of perfluorocarbon with the sample which belongs to 2nd petroleums whose flash point is 50 degreeC, and hydrofluorocarbon is about 9 degree. There is a disclosure of an example in which the flash point can be increased to 97 ° C. by dissolving and mixing by volume%.
Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for making a clathrate compound by inclusion of a substance having a flash point using cyclodextrins or the like as a host compound to raise the flash point. And in this patent document 2, the example which raised flash point from 11 degreeC to 61 degreeC by inclusion of methanol using 1, 1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, and diphenic acid. There is a disclosure such as an example in which the flash point is increased from −20 ° C. to 132 ° C. by inclusion of acetone with bis (dicyclohexylamide).
Further, in Patent Document 3, an inert gas having a high purity is blown into normal temperature seal oil in the circulation path of the seal oil to remove a flash point lowering substance contained in the oil, and the flash point is increased. Techniques for making them disclosed are disclosed. And this patent document 3 has the indication of the Example which raised the sealing oil of flash point 45-50 degreeC to 76 degreeC by blowing in nitrogen gas.

JP 09-194890 A JP 2005-126419 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-004770

Although all of the techniques disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents show a remarkable effect of increasing the flash point, an expensive compound or an inert gas for which there is another effective utilization method for the treatment is used. Because it is a thing, it was not an economic method.
In addition, low flash point waste oil has high viscosity, has no fluidity at room temperature, and has solids settled and fixed, etc. The technologies disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents were difficult to apply to the waste oil of the above, and improved the fluidity of these waste oils in the transport pipes, etc., and improved handling as fuel It couldn't be done.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the background art described above, and the object thereof is to increase the flash point of low flash point waste oil economically and to improve the handleability of low flash point waste oil. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating a low flash point waste oil and a solid fuel having a good handleability obtained by the method.

  As a result of earnest research to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present inventors have mixed low flammable waste oil with biomass such as crushed waste wood and wood chips. The present invention has been completed by discovering that it can absorb and carry the contained liquid, increase the flash point, improve the fluidity in the transport pipe and in the transport machine, etc., and obtain a mixture with good handleability as fuel. .

That is, this invention provides the processing method and solid fuel of the following low flash point waste oil of [1]-[7].
[1] A method for treating low flash point waste oil, comprising mixing low flash point waste oil and biomass.
[2] The method for treating low flash point waste oil according to [1], wherein the low flash point waste oil is a waste oil having a flash point of 21 ° C. or higher and lower than 40 ° C.
[3] The low flash point waste oil according to [2], wherein the low flash point waste oil is at least one of waste solvent, waste paint, waste ink, waste thinner, by-product glycerin, and waste paint distillation residue. Flash point waste oil treatment method.
[4] The low flash point waste oil according to [2], wherein the low flash point waste oil is a waste oil in which various waste oils are mixed to adjust the flash point to 21 ° C. or higher and lower than 40 ° C. Processing method.
[5] The above-mentioned [1] to [1], wherein the biomass is any one or more of waste crushed material, crushed rice straw, wood chips, wood flour, sawdust, paper waste, and fiber waste 4] The method for treating low flash point waste oil according to any one of [4].
[6] The low flash point according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the low flash point waste oil and the biomass are mixed to form a solid fuel having a flash point of 40 ° C. or higher. Flash point waste oil treatment method.
[7] A solid fuel obtained by the method for treating a low flash point waste oil according to any one of [1] to [6].

According to the present invention described above, the biomass mixed with the low flash point waste oil absorbs and carries the liquid component containing the low flash point component in the low flash point waste oil, and its volatilization is suppressed, so the flash point can be increased. At the same time, the fluidity in the transport pipe and the transport machine is improved, and the low flash point waste oil can be processed into a mixture having good safety and handling such as transportation and storage.
For this reason, it is possible to effectively use low flash point waste oil such as waste solvent, which has been difficult to use as fuel in the past, as fuel.

  Hereinafter, the processing method of the low flash point waste oil according to the present invention and the solid fuel obtained by the processing method will be described in detail.

  The low flash point waste oil to be treated in the present invention is a waste oil having a low flash point as a whole, containing a low flash point component such as toluene, xylene, butyl acetate, ethylbenzene, ethanol, methanol, etc. Specifically, waste oil having a flash point of 21 ° C. or higher and lower than 40 ° C. belonging to the second petroleum is a suitable treatment target from the viewpoint of handleability. The low flash point waste oil is not limited to a liquid one but may be in a state such as an emulsion or a slurry. Specific examples of such low flash point waste oil include, for example, waste solvent, waste paint, waste ink, waste thinner, by-product glycerin, waste paint distillation residue, and the like. The thing which mixed the above may be sufficient. Moreover, even if it is waste oil which belongs to 1st petroleum with a flash point of less than 21 degreeC, the waste oil which adjusted flash point to 21-40 degreeC by means, such as mixing with other high flashpoint waste oil in advance, etc. In the present invention, it can be used as a processing target.

Examples of biomass used in the present invention include crushed tatami (used waste tatami), crushed rice straw, wood chips (for example, crushed construction waste wood), wood flour, sawdust, paper waste, and fiber waste. Etc.
In the present invention, biomass refers to a generic name of biological organic resources (excluding fossil fuels) that can be used as fuel.

The waste tatami used as the material of the crushed tatami mat may be any material as long as it contains at least a part of plant material. Specifically, not only the main tatami mat that uses rice straw as a tatami floor material, but also polystyrene. Foam board (plate-like molded body formed by adding a foaming agent to a polystyrene resin composition and expanding) and an insulation board (for example, in the wet method, wood is crushed in water, and an adhesive is added. Also included are building material tatami mats, which are made from a soft fiberboard that has been dried after being made, and tatami flooring materials, and paddy sand tatami mats, which are made from rice straw and polystyrene foam plates. Moreover, what crushed rice straw alone can also be used.
The above wood chip is a crushed or crushed product of wood (including bark, pruned branches, etc.) having a maximum particle size (aperture size such that the sieve residue is within 5% by mass) is more than 5 mm and not more than 100 mm. Say.
The above-mentioned wood powder refers to a pulverized product of wood having a maximum particle size (a mesh size with a sieve residue within 5% by mass) of 5 mm or less.
The sawdust usually has a particle size distribution of about 0.5 to 5 mm. As the paper waste, for example, a shredder cut product or the like is used. As said fiber waste, the thing derived from biomass, such as cotton waste, cloth waste, hemp waste, and wool waste, is used.

It is preferable that the average particle size of the biomass (aperture size such that the sieve residue is within 50% by mass) is 0.5 mm or more. This is because when the average particle size is less than 0.5 mm, the entire particle system is miniaturized, so that fluidity and dispersibility are lowered, and it is difficult to obtain an effect such as improvement in handling properties, and a low flash point. Absorption and loading of the liquid component in the waste oil is difficult, and it is difficult to obtain the effect of increasing the flash point.
In addition, the maximum particle size of the biomass (aperture size such that the sieve residue is within 5% by mass) is obtained by using, for example, a cement kiln burner with the mixture obtained by the method for treating low flash point waste oil according to the present invention as a fuel. Is used, the thickness is 10 mm or less, preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less. If the maximum particle size exceeds 10 mm, it is difficult to form a flame (frame) when used with a cement kiln burner, and the combustion continues even after the fuel has landed. There is a fear. If the maximum particle size is 5 mm or less, the proportion of particles that land and burn is reduced, and the use rate as fuel can be increased, which is preferable.
Furthermore, for example, when used in a cement kiln calcining furnace, it can be transported by a mechanical transport device such as a screw conveyor, bucket elevator, belt conveyor, etc., and a double flap damper, rotary feeder, etc. The size may be any size that can be charged by a mechanical charging device and does not cause mechanical trouble. In this case, the maximum particle size of the biomass is 100 mm or less, preferably 50 mm or less.

  In addition to the above biomass, organic powder is suitably used as the absorbent for the liquid in the low flash point waste oil, and other materials can be blended as long as the quality is not impaired. Examples of the organic powder include toner, heavy oil ash, pulverized coal, activated carbon powder, meat and bone powder, waste plastic powder, paper powder, and organic distillation residue powder. These organic powders may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The toner is a dry developer used in office equipment such as a copying machine, a facsimile machine, and a printer, and is a powder having a particle size of about 7 to 11 μm. Usually, waste toner that is waste is used. Since the toner has a very small particle size and a narrow particle size distribution, it can greatly contribute to an increase in the specific gravity of the resulting mixture (solid fuel) and an increase in the throughput of low flash point waste oil. Used.
The heavy oil ash is a powder having a particle size of about 1 to 30 μm and has a small particle size, so that the specific gravity of the resulting mixture (solid fuel) is increased and the processing amount of the low flash point waste oil is increased. Since it can contribute to, it is used preferably.
The pulverized coal is a powder having a particle size of about 10 to 100 μm and is known as a solid fuel in a firing furnace such as a cement kiln.
As said activated carbon powder and meat-and-bone powder, what has an average particle diameter of 1 mm or less is used normally. For example, waste pellets are used as the waste plastic powder. As the paper powder, for example, thunder dust or the like is used. As said organic distillation residue powder, a phthalic acid distillation residue etc. are used, for example.

The average particle size of the organic powder is ½ or less, preferably １ ／ or less of the average particle size of the biomass. If the ratio exceeds 1/2, the difference in particle size between the biomass and the organic powder becomes small, and it is difficult to obtain effects such as an increase in the processing amount of low flash point waste oil and an improvement in handleability. It becomes.
Among the organic powders, activated carbon powder composed of fixed carbon, etc., if the average particle diameter exceeds 300 μm, the number of particles that burn on the ground may increase, and the quality of the cement clinker may decrease. A particle size of 300 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less is used. The lower limit of the particle size of the organic powder is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 μm or more.

  The blending ratio of each of the above materials is as follows. For the biomass and the organic powder as the absorbent material, the organic powder does not necessarily need to be blended, but when blending the organic powder, the mass of the biomass and the organic powder. The ratio is 40/60 to 95/5, preferably 50/50 to 80/20. This is because when the mass ratio is less than 40/60, the blending amount of biomass is small, so that the organic powder fills the gaps between the granules of the biomass, and the fluidity of the mixture (solid fuel) is significantly reduced. is there. On the other hand, when the mass ratio exceeds 95/5, since the blending amount of the organic powder is small, effects such as an increase in the specific gravity of the mixture (solid fuel) cannot be obtained sufficiently.

  The blending amount of the low flash point waste oil is 30 to 300 parts by mass, preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass, more preferably 80 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the biomass and the organic powder. This is because if the blending amount is less than 30 parts by mass, the amount of low flash point waste oil treated is small, which does not meet the spirit of the present invention to promote the use of low flash point waste oil. On the contrary, if the blending amount exceeds 300 parts by mass, the liquid component in the low flash point waste oil, in particular, the biomass mixed with the low flash point component cannot be absorbed and supported, and the flash point increase effect may not be obtained. In addition, oil remains on the particle surface of the mixture (solid fuel), resulting in gloss and adhesion on the particle surface, and fluidity in the transport pipe and the transport machine is reduced.

Mixing of the low flash point waste oil and biomass can be performed by introducing the above materials into a mixer at the above mixing ratio.
At this time, it is preferable to perform the mixing in a state where air is introduced into the mixer and the low flash point components volatilized from the low flash point waste oil are diluted to less than the lower explosion limit concentration. This is because when the above-mentioned low flash point waste oil and biomass, etc. are mixed, particularly at the initial stage of mixing, that is, the mixed biomass etc. has not yet sufficiently absorbed the liquid component in the low flash point waste oil. This is because a low flash point component is volatilized from the low flash point waste oil, and a spark generated in the rotating part of the mixer or the like is ignited to the low flash point component, which may cause an explosion.
Therefore, it is preferable to introduce air into the mixer and dilute the concentration of the volatilized low flash point component to a concentration that does not cause an explosion. The specific amount of air introduced into the mixer is appropriately determined by the amount of the low flash point component that volatilizes, the volume of the mixer, the amount of the mixture, etc., but it must be diluted with free air. Therefore, a necessary and sufficient amount of air may be introduced into the mixer.

The mixer is not particularly limited, but a mixer having a structure in which the volatilized low flash point component does not remain in a part of the container is preferable. For example, it is preferable to use one having a structure in which the mixing vessel itself is also rotated, not simply provided with a stirring blade. This is because the highly viscous material such as low flash point waste oil and the material with low bulk density such as biomass can be mixed well, and the low flash point component volatilized by the rotation of the container flows, This is because it does not collect in a part of the container and can be easily and reliably diluted by the introduced air.
Examples of the mixer having such a structure that also rotates the container itself include an intensive mixer manufactured by Eirich.

The mixture obtained by the mixing operation of the above low flash point waste oil and biomass, etc., has a low flash point component because the liquid component in the low flash point waste oil, in particular, the low flash point component is absorbed and supported by the biomass. Volatilization is suppressed and the flash point is high. Specifically, the mixture has a flash point of 40 ° C. or higher, and the safety of transportation, storage, etc. is high.
In addition to the above, the obtained mixture is a mixture of low flash point waste oil having high energy and easily combustible biomass, etc., and also has good fluidity that can be transported using a transport pipe or a transporter. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a solid fuel having good handleability.

As an example of the method of using the mixture (solid fuel) obtained by the above-described low flash point waste oil processing method according to the present invention, the mixture is injected into a firing furnace via a pipe line and burned as fuel. A method is mentioned. In addition, it is preferable to effectively use the amount of heat of the combustible gas containing the low flash point component generated during the mixing of the low flash point waste oil and the biomass with the combustion air of the firing furnace.
Here, examples of the firing furnace include a cement kiln and a calcining furnace for producing a clinker, and a kiln for firing quick lime and lightweight aggregate.

Test example

1. Material used (1) Low flash point waste oil Various low flash point waste oils (actual oil mud A, B, C, D, and adjustment oil E) were treated.
Here, each of the real oil muds A to D has a high viscosity and is difficult to handle because it cannot be transported by a transport pipe or a transport machine.
Adjustment oil E is a mixture of ethanol (primary reagent, flash point 13 ° C.) and a mixture of engine oil and water (engine oil 60 wt%, water 40 wt%), and has a flash point of 21 ° C. or higher and lower than 40 ° C. Adjusted to 34 ° C.
Table 1 shows the flash point of each low flash point waste oil.
(2) Biomass Processing was performed using wood chips. The wood chip was adjusted for moisture by the following method.
Wood chips with an average particle size of 20 mm were dried at 105 ° C. for 3 days, adjusted to a water content of approximately 30% (actually 29.9%) by spraying, and sealed in a polyethylene bag for 24 hours or longer. A thing was used.

2. Treatment of Low Flash Point Waste Oil Each of the above-mentioned various low flash point waste oils was charged with the adjusted wood chips at a weight ratio of 1: 2, and mixed with a hand mixer.

3. Properties of the mixture The flash point and the amount of adhesion of the mixture of the obtained low flash point waste oil and wood chips were measured, respectively.
The flash point was measured with a seta closed flash point tester.
In addition, the amount of adhesion was measured by putting 100 g of a sample into a stainless steel cylindrical container (capacity: 1.7 L) having a diameter of 120 mm and a length of 150 mm, and rotating the cylindrical container at a rotation speed of 46 rpm around the axis. This was performed by rotating for a minute and measuring the weight of the sample adhering to the inner wall of the container. In this adhesion amount test, even if the adhesion amount is about 10 g, there is no hindrance to the conveyance using a mechanical conveying device such as a screw conveyor. Preliminary tests have shown that pumping with a tube is possible.
The measurement results are also shown in Table 1.

4). Summary From Table 1, it can be seen that the flash point can be significantly increased by the method for treating low flash point waste oil according to the present invention. In addition, when oil mud (actual oil mud A to D) that is highly viscous and difficult to handle is used in at least a cement kiln calcining furnace, it does not interfere with transport using a mechanical transport device. It can be seen that the fluidity can be improved to the extent that it is difficult to adhere to the inside of the transport pipe, particularly when used in a cement kiln burner, depending on the oil mud (actual oil mud B and adjustment oil E). The effect shown in this test example is considered to be effective even when scaled up to an actual machine.Therefore, according to the present invention, a low flash point can be obtained for a mixture having good safety and handling such as transportation and storage. It has been found that waste oil can be treated.

Claims (7)

  A method for treating low flash point waste oil, comprising mixing low flash point waste oil and biomass.   The method for treating low flash point waste oil according to claim 1, wherein the low flash point waste oil is a waste oil having a flash point of 21 ° C or higher and lower than 40 ° C.   The low flash point waste oil according to claim 2, wherein the low flash point waste oil is at least one of waste solvent, waste paint, waste ink, waste thinner, by-product glycerin, and waste paint distillation residue. Processing method.   The method for treating low flash point waste oil according to claim 2, wherein the low flash point waste oil is a waste oil prepared by mixing various waste oils and adjusting the flash point to 21 ° C or higher and lower than 40 ° C.   The biomass is any one or more of waste crushed crushed material, rice crushed material, wood chip, wood flour, sawdust, paper waste, and fiber waste, according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The processing method of the low flash point waste oil as described.   The method for treating a low flash point waste oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the low flash point waste oil and the biomass are mixed to form a solid fuel having a flash point of 40 ° C or higher. .   The solid fuel obtained by the processing method of the low flash point waste oil in any one of the said Claims 1-6.