JP2011092862A - Apparatus for treating waste water with trickling filter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an apparatus for treating waste water with trickling filters, which can be made compact by accelerating a biological reaction rate and in which aeration energy can be not required. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for treating waste water with trickling filters, in which contact materials for biological treatment are arranged, has an anaerobic part 13 including a first contact material 15, an aerobic part 14 including a second contact material 16, and a means 27 for transferring the heat of reaction generated by a biological reaction in the aerobic part 14 to the anaerobic part 13. It is suitable that the anaerobic part 13 is arranged in the upper portion of the same treatment tank and the aerobic part 14 is arranged in the lower portion thereof. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a trickling filter type wastewater treatment apparatus for treating organic matter-containing wastewater.

  Known technologies for biological treatment of wastewater containing organic matter such as industrial wastewater, household wastewater, and sewage are activated sludge treatment method, anaerobic / aerobic activated sludge treatment method, biological nitrification denitrification method, sprinkling filter bed method, etc. ing.

  These treatment methods using organisms are cheaper than physicochemical treatment methods and have been used for a long time. For example, an anaerobic treatment method is applied to brewing wastewater such as beer and shochu because it contains a high concentration of BOD components. The activated sludge treatment method is applied to food wastewater, machine factory wastewater, sewage and the like containing medium concentration BOD components. For example, in areas such as Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay, Osaka Bay, and Setouchi, where the total amount regulations are strict, nitrogen treatment is required at the same time as the removal of the BOD component, and thus biological nitrification denitrification is used.

  On the other hand, the sprinkling filter method became popular in the first half of the 20th century and was used in Europe, the United States and Japan. However, most of the facilities have been changed to the activated sludge treatment method. This is because the conventional trickling filter method requires a large site area and has problems such as butterfly flies.

  In addition, as described above, these biological reactions require a large-scale processing apparatus although they can be processed at a lower cost than physicochemical reactions, and require a large initial cost and running cost. Specifically, the initial cost may include a cost for constructing a biological reaction tank that is a large-scale structure for holding a large amount of organisms. Examples of the running cost include an energy cost for stirring power for bringing wastewater into contact with living organisms in a biological reaction tank, and an aeration energy cost for supplying oxygen in an aerobic treatment.

  Various technologies have been actively developed to reduce such initial costs and running costs. As a measure for reducing the initial cost, for example, an attempt has been made to make the processing equipment compact by improving the reaction rate. Part of that is the use of biofilms to increase microbial retention. It is also under consideration to perform the treatment with a compact facility by increasing the treatment temperature of the biological reaction tank to improve the biological reaction rate. However, in that case, an energy cost for increasing the processing temperature is required. Recently, anaerobic treatment that does not require aeration has been reviewed as a measure for reducing running costs (Patent Document 1). A sprinkling filter method that does not require aeration is also being reviewed.

JP 2008-036529 A

  An object of this invention is to provide the processing apparatus which can be comprised compactly by improving a biological reaction rate, and can make aeration energy unnecessary.

  In order to achieve this object, the watering filter type wastewater treatment apparatus provided with a biological treatment contact material according to the present invention has an anaerobic part equipped with a first contact material and a favorable contact material equipped with a second contact material. It is characterized by having an air part and means for transmitting reaction heat generated by a biological reaction in the aerobic part to the anaerobic part.

  According to the trickling filter type waste water treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable to provide an anaerobic part at the upper part and an aerobic part at the lower part in the same treatment tank.

  Moreover, according to the trickling filter type waste water treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the means for transmitting the reaction heat generated by the biological reaction in the aerobic part to the anaerobic part is a heat exchanger.

  According to the trickling filter type waste water treatment apparatus of the present invention, at least the first contact material of the first contact material provided in the anaerobic part and the second contact material provided in the aerobic part. However, it is preferable that the contact material is in the form of a mat in which sludge-attached yarn is knitted in the core material.

  Further, according to the sprinkling filter bed type wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable to have means for supplying wastewater treated in the anaerobic part to the aerobic part and means for circulating the treated water in the aerobic part to the anaerobic part. It is.

  The principle of the present invention will be described. That is, when the BOD component in the wastewater is aerobically decomposed in the aerobic part, heat of decomposition is generated. When this heat is moved to the anaerobic part, the temperature of the anaerobic part increases, and the reaction rate in the anaerobic part increases. The temperature increase in the anaerobic part is linked with the temperature increase in the aerobic part, and the reaction is synergistically accelerated, thereby generating further heat. As a result, the amount of heat generated by the reaction of the aerobic part is effectively utilized, and a highly efficient reaction is realized without using external energy. Moreover, since it is a sprinkling filter floor type waste water treatment apparatus, it can react without requiring aeration.

  According to the present invention, the anaerobic part can be heated by the heat generated in the aerobic part, and thereby the reaction rate in the anaerobic part can be improved without using external energy. Therefore, it is possible to realize a processing apparatus with high processing efficiency, a compact and high removal rate. Moreover, since it is a trickling filter type waste water treatment apparatus, there exists an advantage which does not require aeration. For this reason, according to this invention, the processing apparatus for organic matter containing waste_water | drain with low initial cost and running cost is realizable.

It is a figure showing a schematic structure of a trickling filter type waste water treatment equipment of an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is an overall three-dimensional view of an anaerobic contact material in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view in which the arrangement direction of each monofilament and sludge adhesion yarn in the contact material of FIG. 2 is a horizontal direction. It is the front view which made the arrangement direction of each monofilament and sludge adhesion thread | yarn in the contact material of FIG. 2 the horizontal direction. FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view in which a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of each monofilament and sludge adhesion yarn in the contact material of FIG. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the trickling filter type | mold waste water treatment equipment of other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the trickling filter type | mold waste water treatment equipment of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which expands and shows the principal part in FIG.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a trickling filter type waste water treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, 11 is a processing tank, the inside of which is divided into two upper and lower stages by a partition wall 12, and the upper stage constitutes an anaerobic part 13 and the lower stage constitutes an aerobic part 14. The anaerobic part 13 is comprised by the sealed anaerobic reaction tank, and the contact material 15 for biological treatment is installed in the inside. The aerobic part 14 is provided with a contact material 16 for biological treatment.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes an inflow pipe for the wastewater to be treated, which is connected to a water spray pipe 18 installed above the contact material 15 inside the anaerobic part 13. The wastewater to be treated is sprinkled from the water spray pipe 18 toward the contact material 15.

  The partition wall 12 is configured to have a downward slope toward the central portion thereof, so that a water collecting portion 19 is formed at the central portion. A water sprinkling pipe 20 is provided at a position above the contact material 16 in the aerobic section 14, and the water sprinkling pipe 20 communicates with the water collection section 19, thereby allowing water from the water collection section 19 to flow into the contact material. Watering toward 16 is possible.

  A treated water pipe 21 for discharging treated water out of the system communicates with the bottom of the treatment tank 11, that is, the bottom of the aerobic part 14. A bypass pipe 22 connects the treated water pipe 21 and the inflow pipe 17 and includes a circulation pump 23 to circulate a part of the treated water discharged from the aerobic part 14 to the anaerobic part 13. Have been able to.

  The aerobic portion 14 is provided with an air inlet 25. An exhaust pipe 26 from the aerobic part 14 opens at the upper part of the aerobic part 14, penetrates the partition wall 12, and is led to the anaerobic part 13. In the anaerobic part 13, the water spray pipe 18 and the contact material 15 It is connected to a heat exchanger 27 provided therebetween. Reference numeral 28 denotes an exhaust pipe from the heat exchanger 27 and is led out of the system through the tank wall of the anaerobic part 13. A water-sealed degassing device 29 is provided at the top of the tank in the anaerobic part 13.

  2 to 5 show details of an example of the contact material 15 provided in the anaerobic portion 13. As shown in the figure, the contact material 15 has a three-dimensional net-like core material 31, and a sludge adhesion yarn 32 is arranged along the core material 31. That is, it is configured in a mat shape in which a sludge adhering yarn 32 is knitted on a three-dimensional core material 31.

  The core material 31 is composed of, for example, a strong monofilament 33 made of synthetic resin, and the monofilament 33 has, for example, a plurality of Ω-shaped portions and inverted Ω-shaped portions alternately as shown in FIG. It is comprised by the continuous thread arrange | positioned in uneven | corrugated shape. In the core material 31, a plurality of monofilaments 33, 33,... Are arranged in parallel, and Ω-shaped portions of adjacent monofilaments 33, 33, that is, convex portions, or inverted Ω-shaped portions, that is, concave portions. Are connected to each other by the connecting thread 34 to form a three-dimensional net as described above.

  The connecting yarn 34 is formed of, for example, a continuous continuous yarn made of a synthetic resin having a finer fineness than that of the monofilament 33, and one end portion and the other end portion along the thickness direction of the three-dimensional net-shaped core material 31. In FIG. 2, a plurality of connecting yarns 34 are arranged so as to be entangled with one monofilament 33, and these Ω-shaped portions or adjacent Ω-shaped portions of adjacent monofilaments 33 and 33 are overlapped with each other. The character-shaped portions or the inverted Ω-shaped portions can be connected to each other.

  Further, a plurality of connecting yarns 34 are passed in the length direction of the monofilament 33 in a portion 35 where the monofilament 33 in the Ω-shaped portion or the inverted Ω-shaped portion of the monofilament 33 does not exist and is open. It becomes the composition. And the connecting thread 34 is arrange | positioned only at the one end part and the other end part along the thickness direction of the three-dimensional net-shaped core material 31 in this way, and the inner side along the thickness direction of this core material 31 It is comprised so that it may not be arrange | positioned in this part.

  A sludge adhering yarn 32 is arranged along the three-dimensional net-shaped core material 31 having such a configuration. The sludge adhering yarn 32 is formed of a thread having a good sludge adhering property such as acrylic high bulk fiber, and is formed with a finer fineness than the monofilament 33 constituting the core material 31, The three-dimensional space formed by the material 31 is configured to occupy a predetermined volume ratio.

  Further, the sludge adhering yarn 32 is arranged so as to have an uneven shape opposite to the monofilament 33 of the core material 31. That is, the Ω-shaped convex portion of the monofilament 33 becomes an inverted Ω-shaped concave portion, and conversely, the reverse Ω-shaped concave portion of the monofilament 33 becomes an Ω-shaped convex portion along the monofilament 33. Has been placed. That is, the sludge adhering yarn 32 is disposed in the opening 35 at one end and the other end along the thickness direction of the core material 31. The sludge adhering yarn 32 has a three-dimensional structure in which the connecting yarn 34 is entangled at the opening 35 and is bound to the monofilament 33 by the connecting yarn 34 at the edge of the opening 35. It is integrated with the net-shaped core material 31. In the inner portion along the thickness direction of the core material 31 other than one end and the other end along the thickness direction of the core material 31, the sludge adhering yarn 32 extends along the monofilament 33, but this monofilament 33 It is arranged in a free state floating from the monofilament 33 without being connected to.

  2 is a three-dimensional view of the contact material 15 as a whole, FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view in which the arrangement direction of each monofilament 33 and sludge adhering yarn 32 is a horizontal direction, and FIG. 4 is each monofilament 33 and sludge adhering yarn. FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view in which the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the monofilaments 33 and the sludge adhering yarn 32 is the horizontal direction.

  As the contact material 16 provided in the aerobic part 14, the thing similar to the contact material used for a well-known water trickling filter can be used arbitrarily. Or it is also suitable to use the same thing as the contact material 15 used for the above-mentioned anaerobic part 13. FIG.

  In such a configuration, the wastewater that has flowed into the system from the inflow pipe 17 in FIG. 1 is sprinkled from the sprinkling pipe 18 in the anaerobic portion 13. The sprayed waste water flows down after touching the heat exchanger 27 and touches the contact material 15. A biofilm is formed on the surface of the contact material 15 by supplying seed sludge when the operation is started. The waste water that has come into contact with the contact material 15 is anaerobically treated by the biofilm, then flows down from the contact material 15, is received by the partition wall 12, and is collected in the water collecting unit 19.

  Since the contact material 15 has a mat shape as described above and has a corresponding volume and the biofilm is formed in a bulky manner, it is possible to effectively bring the sprinkled wastewater into contact with the biofilm and to perform a good anaerobic treatment. Can be done.

  The drainage collected in the water collecting section 19 is guided to a water spray pipe 20 provided in the aerobic section 14 and then sprinkled toward the contact material 16. In the aerobic part 14, air is supplied into the system without power from the air inlet 25 to form an aerobic atmosphere. The contact material 16 also has a biofilm formed on the surface thereof by supplying seed sludge when the operation is started. Therefore, the drained water is aerobically treated by the biofilm.

  At that time, heat of decomposition is generated by an aerobic biological reaction, that is, aerobic decomposition. Then, the temperature of the atmospheric gas in the aerobic part 14 increases. For example, this atmospheric gas rises by about 2 to 3 ° C. for medium concentration wastewater and rises by about 4 to 8 ° C. for high concentration wastewater. The ambient gas whose temperature has risen becomes an accompanying upward flow, is led to the exhaust pipe 26, passes through the heat exchanger 27 of the anaerobic portion 13, and is discharged outside the system through the exhaust pipe 28. .

  In the heat exchanger 27, the heat of the gas passing through the heat exchanger 27 is released to the anaerobic part 13. This heat is transferred to the waste water in contact with the heat exchanger 27 and raises its temperature. Thereby, the anaerobic part 13 is heated, the temperature of the anaerobic part 13 is raised, and the speed of the anaerobic process is increased.

  The treated water treated in the aerobic part 14 is discharged out of the system through the treated water pipe 21.

  In the case of treating medium / high concentration wastewater or denitrification treatment, the circulation pump 23 is operated to circulate the treated water. For example, when the BOD concentration is 100 to 500 mg / L, it is appropriate to set the circulation amount to 2 to 4 times the wastewater inflow amount. Furthermore, when the BOD concentration exceeds 500 mg / L, it is appropriate to perform a circulation of 5 times or more. On the other hand, in the case of denitrification treatment, the circulation amount varies depending on the nitrogen content of the treated water, but it is usually preferable to make the circulation amount at least three times the wastewater inflow amount.

  According to the above structure, since it is a sprinkling filter bed type waste water treatment apparatus, aeration is unnecessary, and therefore, aeration energy can also be eliminated. Moreover, since the reaction heat of the aerobic part 14 is used as means for improving the biological reaction rate, the reaction temperature can be increased without using external energy. For this reason, it can be set as the processing apparatus with low initial cost and running cost. Moreover, the temperature increase of the anaerobic part 13 is linked to the temperature increase of the aerobic part 14, and the reaction is synergistically accelerated to further generate heat. Further, since the atmospheric gas in the aerobic section 14 is used as a heat transfer medium, it is possible to perform the rapid heat transfer as described above. For this reason, it is possible to realize a structure that is optimally a watering filter type apparatus.

  FIG. 6 shows a schematic configuration of a trickling filter type wastewater treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. 1 is different from the apparatus of FIG. 1 in that the partition wall of the anaerobic part 13 and the aerobic part 14 is made of a material having high thermal conductivity instead of the heat exchanger 27 in FIG. 36. Exhaust from the aerobic part 14 does not pass through the anaerobic part 13 but is directly discharged out of the system by the exhaust pipe 37 communicated with the aerobic part 14.

  With such a configuration, the atmospheric gas whose temperature has risen due to the heat generated in the aerobic portion 14 becomes an upward flow and reaches the heat conductive partition wall 37. Thereby, the heat held by the atmospheric gas passes through the heat transfer partition wall 37 and is introduced into the anaerobic portion 13.

  FIG. 7 shows a schematic configuration of a trickling filter type waste water treatment apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Here, a heat transfer partition wall 38 having a structure different from that of FIG. 6 is provided. Specifically, the heat conductive partition wall 38 is similarly formed of a material having a high thermal conductivity, and has a large number of fin-shaped heat exchanging portions 39 protruding toward the anaerobic portion 13. As shown in FIG. 8, the heat exchanging portion 39 has a configuration in which a large number of concave portions 40 are formed with reference to the main body portion of the partition wall 38 when viewed from the aerobic portion 14. The aerobic section 14 is provided with an exhaust pipe 37 similar to that shown in FIG.

  With such a configuration, the partition wall 38 has a large heat transfer area, and as shown in the drawing, the atmosphere gas 41 that has been heated inside the aerobic portion 14 and is in an upward flow enters the recess 40. The heat can be effectively introduced into the anaerobic part 13.

Example 1
Machine factory wastewater having a BOD of 200 to 320 mg / L was treated in a bench plant equipped with an apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. In the anaerobic part 13, the contact material 15 shown in FIGS. The contact material 16 of the aerobic part 14 was the same as the contact material 15 of the anaerobic part 13. The temperature of the test waste water during the operation period was 13 to 18 ° C.

The specifications of the bench plant were as follows.
Total volume of reaction tank: 4 m ³
Anaerobic part 13 volume: 2 m ³
Aerobic part 14 volume: 2 m ³
Filling amount of the contact material 15 in the anaerobic part 13: 1 m ³
Filling amount of contact material 16 in aerobic part 14: 1 m ³
In this bench plant, a treatment experiment was conducted for three months under the following conditions. That is, the processing conditions in the acclimatization period were as follows.

Residence time: 4 to 6 hours Volume load: 0.8 to 1.2 kg-BOD / m ³ / day The treatment conditions in the stationary period were as follows.

Residence time: 2 hours Volume load: 2.4 to 3.8 kg-BOD / m ³ / day Table 1 shows the results of treatment in a stationary period based on the method of the present invention. Further, as a conventional method, the anaerobic part 13 and the aerobic part 14 in the apparatus of FIG. 1 are thermally separated so that no heat is transferred between the anaerobic part 13 and the aerobic part 14, so that these anaerobic parts are used. Table 1 shows the results of driving the part 13 and the aerobic part 14 connected in series.

  As shown in Table 1, according to the method of the present invention, the BOD removal rate can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional method, and good treated water can be obtained. Moreover, when the treated water obtained by the method of the present invention was retreated with a sand filter, BOD of 10 mg / L or less could be achieved.

(Example 2)
For food wastewater having a high BOD of 1000 to 2400 mg / L, a treatment experiment was similarly conducted in a bench plant equipped with an apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. The temperature of the test wastewater during the operation period was 19-22 ° C.

  The specifications of the bench plant were the same as those in Example 1. In this bench plant, a treatment experiment was conducted for three months under the following conditions. That is, the processing conditions in the acclimatization period were as follows.

Residence time: 24 to 48 hours Volume load: 0.8 to 1.6 kg-BOD / m ³ / day The treatment conditions in the stationary period were as follows.

Residence time: 12 hours Volume load: 2.0 to 4.8 kg-BOD / m ³ / day Table 2 shows the results of treatment in a stationary period based on the method of the present invention. As a conventional method, the anaerobic part 13 and the aerobic part 14 in the apparatus of FIG. 1 are thermally separated as in the case of the first embodiment, and heat is transferred between the anaerobic part 13 and the aerobic part 14. Table 2 shows the results of driving the anaerobic part 13 and the aerobic part 14 connected in series so that there is no air.

  As shown in Table 2, according to the method of the present invention, the BOD removal rate could be greatly improved compared to the conventional method, and good treated water could be obtained. Moreover, when the treated water obtained by the method of the present invention was retreated with a sand filter, BOD 50 mg / L or less could be achieved.

(Example 3)
Similarly, a nitrogen-containing food wastewater having a BOD of 150 to 240 mg / L was treated in a bench plant equipped with an apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. The temperature of the test waste water during the operation period was 15 to 20 ° C.

  The specifications of the bench plant were the same as those in Example 1. Further, the circulation pump 23 shown in FIG. 1 was operated to circulate the waste water. The amount of circulation was 3 times the amount of waste water.

  Thereby, nitrification proceeds in the aerobic part 14 shown in FIG. 1, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to nitric acid, and this is circulated, and in the anaerobic part 13, nitric acid is denitrified using the BOD component as a hydrogen donor. Was done. At the same time, BOD was processed.

The composition values of the test wastewater were as follows.
BOD: 150-240 mg / L
TN: 48 to 102 mg / L
NH ₄ -N: 40~63mg / L
“TN” means the total nitrogen concentration (Total Nitrogen).

In this bench plant, a treatment experiment was conducted for three months under the following conditions. That is, the processing conditions in the acclimatization period were as follows.
Residence time: 3 to 4 hours The treatment conditions in the stationary period were as follows.

Residence time: 3 hours Table 3 shows the results of treatment in a stationary period based on the method of the present invention. Further, as a conventional method, the anaerobic part 13 and the aerobic part 14 in the apparatus of FIG. 1 are thermally separated so that no heat is transferred between the anaerobic part 13 and the aerobic part 14, so that these anaerobic parts are used. Table 3 shows the results of driving the unit 13 and the aerobic unit 14 connected in series.

  In the conventional method, there was no heat transfer between the aerobic part 14 and the anaerobic part 13, and as shown in Table 3, the temperature increase was not seen in both the aerobic part 14 and the anaerobic part 13. On the other hand, according to the method of the present invention, the temperature rise is observed in both the aerobic part 14 and the anaerobic part 13, and therefore the removal efficiency can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional method, and good treated water can be obtained. It was. Moreover, when the treated water obtained by the method of the present invention was retreated with a sand filter, TN of 5 mg / L or less could be achieved.

12 Partition Wall 13 Anaerobic Part 14 Aerobic Part 15 Contact Material 16 Contact Material 26 Exhaust Pipe 27 Heat Exchanger

Claims (5)

  A trickling filter type waste water treatment apparatus provided with a contact material for biological treatment, wherein the anaerobic part is equipped with a first contact material, the aerobic part is equipped with a second contact material, and the living thing in the aerobic part A sprinkling filter-bed wastewater treatment apparatus comprising means for transmitting reaction heat generated by the reaction to the anaerobic part.   The sprinkling filter bed type waste water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an anaerobic part is provided at an upper part in the same treatment tank and an aerobic part is provided at a lower part.   The sprinkling filter bed waste water treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the means for transmitting reaction heat generated by the biological reaction in the aerobic part to the anaerobic part is a heat exchanger.   Of the first contact material provided in the anaerobic part and the second contact material provided in the aerobic part, at least the first contact material is a mat shape in which a sludge-attached yarn is knitted in the core material. The watering filter type waste water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the contact material is a contact material.   5. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: means for supplying wastewater treated in the anaerobic part to the aerobic part; and means for circulating the treated water in the aerobic part to the anaerobic part. Sprinkling filter floor type wastewater treatment equipment.

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