JP2011083741A - Seawater desalination apparatus - Google Patents

Seawater desalination apparatus Download PDF

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JP2011083741A
JP2011083741A JP2009240328A JP2009240328A JP2011083741A JP 2011083741 A JP2011083741 A JP 2011083741A JP 2009240328 A JP2009240328 A JP 2009240328A JP 2009240328 A JP2009240328 A JP 2009240328A JP 2011083741 A JP2011083741 A JP 2011083741A
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pressure
seawater
membrane
power recovery
motor
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JP5529491B2 (en
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Shinpei Miyagawa
新平 宮川
Yoshihiro Obayashi
義博 大林
Norihide Yonekawa
典秀 米川
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KYB Corp
Kayaba System Machinery Co Ltd
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Kayaba System Machinery Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seawater desalination apparatus in which the filtration performance of an RO (Reverse Osmosis) membrane is kept and the fluid pressure energy of concentrated seawater is recovered effectively. <P>SOLUTION: The seawater desalination apparatus includes: the RO membrane 4 for removing salt from seawater; a volumetric and hydraulic pump 2 for pressurizing seawater and sending the pressurized seawater to the RO membrane 4; a main drive motor 1 for driving the hydraulic pump 2; a volume-type power-recovery hydraulic motor 3 for driving the hydraulic pump 2 by means of the fluid pressure of the concentrated seawater which is not filtered by the RO membrane 4; a pressure detector 5 for detecting the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4; and a reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means for controlling the operation of the hydraulic pump 2 on the basis of the value detected by the pressure detector 5 so that the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 approaches a target value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、海水から塩分を除去した淡水を取出す海水淡水化装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus for taking out fresh water from which salt has been removed from seawater.

従来、この種の海水淡水化装置として、海水から塩分を除去するＲＯ膜（逆浸透膜）を用い、水圧ポンプによって加圧された海水がＲＯ膜に送られ、ＲＯ膜によって濾過された淡水が取出されるものがあった。   Conventionally, as this type of seawater desalination equipment, RO membrane (reverse osmosis membrane) that removes salt from seawater is used, seawater pressurized by a hydraulic pump is sent to the RO membrane, and freshwater filtered by the RO membrane is There was something to be taken out.

特許文献１〜４には、ＲＯ膜によって濾過されずに排出される濃縮海水の圧力によって回転駆動される動力回収水圧モータを備え、この動力回収水圧モータによって水圧ポンプを補助的に駆動し、排出される濃縮海水のエネルギを回収する動力回収装置が開示されている。   Patent Documents 1 to 4 include a power recovery water pressure motor that is rotationally driven by the pressure of concentrated seawater discharged without being filtered by the RO membrane, and the water pressure pump is auxiliary driven by the power recovery water pressure motor to discharge the water. A power recovery device for recovering the energy of concentrated seawater is disclosed.

特許文献３には、ＲＯ膜に供給される海水の圧力を検出し、この検出値が運転点における理論圧力と等しくなるように圧力調整弁の開度、動力回収装置の作動を制御するものが開示されている。   In Patent Document 3, the pressure of seawater supplied to the RO membrane is detected, and the opening of the pressure regulating valve and the operation of the power recovery device are controlled so that the detected value becomes equal to the theoretical pressure at the operating point. It is disclosed.

特開２００９−１０３１０９号公報JP 2009-103109 A 特開平９−２９９９４４号公報JP-A-9-299944 特開平４−３８４４５号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-38445 特開２００１−４６８４２号公報JP 2001-46842 A

しかしながら、このような従来の海水淡水化装置にあっては、ＲＯ膜に海水を供給する水圧ポンプまたは排出される濃縮海水のエネルギを回収する動力回収水圧モータが遠心式のポンプ、モータが用いられているため、濃縮海水が持つ流体圧力エネルギの回収効率が低く、ＲＯ膜に供給される海水の圧力を的確に調節することが難しいという問題点があった。   However, in such a conventional seawater desalination apparatus, a centrifugal pump or motor is used as the hydraulic pump that supplies seawater to the RO membrane or the power recovery hydraulic motor that recovers the energy of the concentrated seawater that is discharged. Therefore, there is a problem that the recovery efficiency of the fluid pressure energy of the concentrated seawater is low and it is difficult to accurately adjust the pressure of the seawater supplied to the RO membrane.

本発明は上記の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、ＲＯ膜の濾過性能を維持するとともに、濃縮海水が持つ流体圧力エネルギを有効に回収する海水淡水化装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a seawater desalination apparatus that maintains the RO membrane filtration performance and effectively recovers the fluid pressure energy of concentrated seawater. .

本発明は、海水から塩分を除去した透過水を取出す海水淡水化装置であって、海水から塩分を除去するＲＯ膜と、海水を加圧してＲＯ膜に送る容積型の水圧ポンプと、この水圧ポンプを駆動する主駆動モータと、ＲＯ膜によって濾過されない濃縮海水が持つ流体圧力によって水圧ポンプを駆動する容積型の動力回収水圧モータと、ＲＯ膜の逆浸透圧力を検出する圧力検出器と、この圧力検出器の検出値に基づいてＲＯ膜の逆浸透圧力を目標値に近づけるように水圧ポンプの作動をフィードバック制御する逆浸透圧力フィードバック制御手段とを備えるものとした。   The present invention is a seawater desalination apparatus for removing permeated water from which salt has been removed from seawater, an RO membrane that removes salt from seawater, a positive displacement hydraulic pump that pressurizes seawater and sends it to the RO membrane, and this water pressure A main drive motor that drives the pump, a positive displacement power recovery hydraulic motor that drives the hydraulic pump by the fluid pressure of the concentrated seawater that is not filtered by the RO membrane, a pressure detector that detects the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane, Reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means for feedback controlling the operation of the hydraulic pump so as to bring the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane closer to the target value based on the detection value of the pressure detector is provided.

容積型の水圧ポンプと容積型の動力回収水圧モータが連動し、ＲＯ膜の逆浸透圧力を目標値に近づける水圧ポンプの作動制御が行われる構成により、ＲＯ膜の逆浸透圧力を的確に調節してＲＯ膜の濾過性能を維持することと、動力回収水圧モータによって濃縮海水が持つ流体圧力エネルギを有効に回収することを両立できる。   The RO membrane reverse osmosis pressure is accurately adjusted by the structure in which the displacement pump and the positive displacement power recovery hydraulic motor work together to control the RO pump's reverse osmosis pressure close to the target value. Thus, it is possible to maintain both the filtration performance of the RO membrane and effectively recover the fluid pressure energy of the concentrated seawater by the power recovery hydraulic motor.

本発明の実施の形態を示す海水淡水化装置の構成図。The block diagram of the seawater desalination apparatus which shows embodiment of this invention. 他の実施の形態を示す海水淡水化装置の構成図。The block diagram of the seawater desalination apparatus which shows other embodiment. 他の実施の形態を示す海水淡水化装置の構成図。The block diagram of the seawater desalination apparatus which shows other embodiment. 他の実施の形態を示す海水淡水化装置の構成図。The block diagram of the seawater desalination apparatus which shows other embodiment. 他の実施の形態を示す海水淡水化装置の構成図。The block diagram of the seawater desalination apparatus which shows other embodiment.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は、海水から塩分を除去した淡水を取出す海水淡水化装置を示す構成図である。   FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a seawater desalination apparatus for taking out fresh water from which salt has been removed from seawater.

海水淡水化装置は、海水（原水）から塩分を除去するＲＯ膜（逆浸透膜）４と、主駆動モータ１により駆動され加圧した海水をＲＯ膜４の上流側室２１に送る水圧ポンプ２とを備える。   The seawater desalination apparatus includes an RO membrane (reverse osmosis membrane) 4 that removes salt from seawater (raw water), a hydraulic pump 2 that sends pressurized seawater driven by the main drive motor 1 to the upstream chamber 21 of the RO membrane 4, and Is provided.

水圧ポンプ２は、海水（流体）を閉じ込めるモータ室を有する容積型ポンプによって構成され、その回転軸が回転するのに伴ってこのポンプ室の容積を拡縮することによって海水を加圧して吐出する。   The hydraulic pump 2 is configured by a positive displacement pump having a motor chamber that confines seawater (fluid), and pressurizes and discharges seawater by expanding and contracting the volume of the pump chamber as its rotation shaft rotates.

水圧ポンプ２は、主として主駆動モータ１によって駆動され、動力回収水圧モータ３によって補助的に駆動される。水圧ポンプ２の回転軸に主駆動モータ１の回転軸が連結されるとともに、動力回収水圧モータ３の回転軸が連結される。なお、これに限らず、水圧ポンプ２は主駆動モータ１、動力回収水圧モータ３と減速機構を介して連動する構成としてもよい。   The water pressure pump 2 is mainly driven by the main drive motor 1 and is supplementarily driven by the power recovery water pressure motor 3. The rotating shaft of the main drive motor 1 is connected to the rotating shaft of the water pressure pump 2, and the rotating shaft of the power recovery water pressure motor 3 is connected to the rotating shaft of the water pressure pump 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the hydraulic pump 2 may be configured to be linked to the main drive motor 1 and the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 via a speed reduction mechanism.

主駆動モータ１は、電力によって回転する電動機によって構成される。なお、これに限らず、主駆動モータ１は、電力以外のエネルギによって回転する他の原動機を用いてもよい。   The main drive motor 1 is constituted by an electric motor that is rotated by electric power. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the main drive motor 1 may use another prime mover that rotates by energy other than electric power.

海から図示しない取水装置よって取り込まれた海水が取水通路１０を通って水圧ポンプ２の吸込側に供給される。水圧ポンプ２は海水を加圧して吐出し、高圧海水が海水供給通路１１を通ってＲＯ膜４の上流側室２１に供給される。   Seawater taken from the sea by a water intake device (not shown) is supplied to the suction side of the hydraulic pump 2 through the water intake passage 10. The hydraulic pump 2 pressurizes and discharges seawater, and the high-pressure seawater is supplied to the upstream chamber 21 of the RO membrane 4 through the seawater supply passage 11.

ＲＯ膜４は、水を通し塩類など水以外の不純物は透過しない性質を持つ濾過膜である。   The RO membrane 4 is a filtration membrane having a property that allows water to pass through and impurities such as salts do not permeate.

ＲＯ膜４によって濾過された透過水（淡水）は、ＲＯ膜４の下流側室２２から透過水取出通路１５を通って取出される。   The permeate (fresh water) filtered by the RO membrane 4 is taken out from the downstream chamber 22 of the RO membrane 4 through the permeate take-out passage 15.

ＲＯ膜４によって濾過されない濃縮海水は、ＲＯ膜４の上流側室２１から排出通路１３を通って排出される。   The concentrated seawater that is not filtered by the RO membrane 4 is discharged from the upstream chamber 21 of the RO membrane 4 through the discharge passage 13.

排出通路１３には、動力回収水圧モータ３が介装される。この動力回収水圧モータ３は、ＲＯ膜４の上流側室２１から排出される濃縮海水が持つ流体圧力によって回転作動し、水圧ポンプ２を補助的に駆動する。   A power recovery water pressure motor 3 is interposed in the discharge passage 13. The power recovery water pressure motor 3 is rotated by the fluid pressure of the concentrated seawater discharged from the upstream chamber 21 of the RO membrane 4 to drive the water pressure pump 2 in an auxiliary manner.

動力回収水圧モータ３は、濃縮海水（流体）を閉じ込めるモータ室を有する容積型モータによって構成され、濃縮海水の圧力によってモータ室の容積が拡縮することによってその回転軸が回転する。   The power recovery water pressure motor 3 is constituted by a positive displacement motor having a motor chamber for confining concentrated seawater (fluid), and the rotation shaft rotates by expanding and contracting the volume of the motor chamber by the pressure of the concentrated seawater.

動力回収水圧モータ３に供給される濃縮海水の流量を調節するため、濃縮海水取出通路１２にサーボバルブ７が介装される。このサーボバルブ７は濃縮海水取出通路１２から導かれる濃縮海水の一部を排出通路１４を通して逃がし、動力回収水圧モータ３に供給される濃縮海水の流量を調節する。   In order to adjust the flow rate of the concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery water pressure motor 3, a servo valve 7 is interposed in the concentrated seawater extraction passage 12. The servo valve 7 allows a part of the concentrated seawater led from the concentrated seawater extraction passage 12 to escape through the discharge passage 14 and adjusts the flow rate of the concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery hydraulic motor 3.

海水淡水化装置は、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力（ＲＯ膜４の前後に生じる差圧力）を適正値に保つため、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を検出する圧力検出器５と、この圧力検出器５の検出値に基づいてＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を目標値に近づけるように水圧ポンプ２の作動をフィードバック制御する逆浸透圧力フィードバック制御手段を備える。   In order to keep the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 (differential pressure generated before and after the RO membrane 4) at an appropriate value, the seawater desalination apparatus includes a pressure detector 5 that detects the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 and the pressure detection. And a reverse osmosis pressure feedback control unit that feedback-controls the operation of the hydraulic pump 2 so that the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 approaches the target value based on the detected value of the vessel 5.

圧力検出器５は、海水供給通路１１またはＲＯ膜４の上流側室２１の圧力と、透過水取出通路１５またはＲＯ膜４の下流側室２２の圧力との差圧力を検出し、その検出信号をＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力の検出値として出力する。なお、これに限らず、海水供給通路１１またはＲＯ膜４の上流側室２１の圧力のみを検出し、その検出信号をＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力の検出値として出力してもよい。   The pressure detector 5 detects a differential pressure between the pressure of the upstream chamber 21 of the seawater supply passage 11 or the RO membrane 4 and the pressure of the downstream chamber 22 of the permeate extraction passage 15 or the RO membrane 4, and detects the detection signal as RO. The detected value of the reverse osmosis pressure of the membrane 4 is output. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and only the pressure in the seawater supply passage 11 or the upstream chamber 21 of the RO membrane 4 may be detected, and the detection signal may be output as the detected value of the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4.

本実施の形態では、逆浸透圧力フィードバック制御手段として、動力回収水圧モータ３に供給される濃縮海水の流量を調節するサーボバルブ７と、このサーボバルブ７の開度を圧力検出器５の検出値に基づいてフィードバック制御するサーボアンプ（コントローラ）６とを備える。   In the present embodiment, as the reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means, the servo valve 7 for adjusting the flow rate of the concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery water pressure motor 3 and the opening of the servo valve 7 are detected values of the pressure detector 5. And a servo amplifier (controller) 6 that performs feedback control based on the above.

ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力が目標値より低い場合、サーボアンプ６は、サーボバルブ７から排出通路１４を通して逃がされる濃縮海水の流量を減らし、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を高める。   When the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 is lower than the target value, the servo amplifier 6 reduces the flow rate of the concentrated seawater released from the servo valve 7 through the discharge passage 14 and increases the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4.

一方、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力が目標値より高い場合、サーボアンプ６は、サーボバルブ７から排出通路１４を通して逃がされる濃縮海水の流量を増やし、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を低くする。   On the other hand, when the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 is higher than the target value, the servo amplifier 6 increases the flow rate of the concentrated seawater released from the servo valve 7 through the discharge passage 14 and lowers the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4.

こうしてサーボアンプ６は、圧力検出器５の検出値に基づいてサーボバルブ７を介して動力回収水圧モータ３の出力を増減し、動力回収水圧モータ３の動力回収率が最適となるようにＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を目標値に近づけるフィードバック制御を行う。これにより、ＲＯ膜４の経年劣化や目詰まりによってＲＯ膜４の圧力損失が変化しても、動力回収水圧モータ３を介して逃がされる濃縮海水の流量を変化させることにより、動力回収水圧モータ３の動力回収率がその時々で最適となるように調節される。   Thus, the servo amplifier 6 increases or decreases the output of the power recovery water pressure motor 3 via the servo valve 7 based on the detection value of the pressure detector 5, and the RO membrane so that the power recovery rate of the power recovery water pressure motor 3 is optimized. Feedback control is performed to bring the reverse osmosis pressure of 4 close to the target value. As a result, even if the pressure loss of the RO membrane 4 changes due to aging or clogging of the RO membrane 4, the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 is changed by changing the flow rate of the concentrated seawater released through the power recovery hydraulic motor 3. The power recovery rate is adjusted to be optimal from time to time.

容積型の水圧ポンプ２と容積型の動力回収水圧モータ３が連動し、逆浸透圧力の検出値に応じて動力回収水圧モータ３の作動をフィードバック制御する構成により、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を的確に調節してＲＯ膜４の濾過性能を維持することと、動力回収水圧モータ３によって濃縮海水が持つ流体圧力エネルギを有効に回収することを両立できる。   The displacement osmotic pressure of the RO membrane 4 is controlled by the configuration in which the displacement type water pressure pump 2 and the displacement type power recovery water pressure motor 3 are linked to perform feedback control of the operation of the power recovery water pressure motor 3 according to the detected value of the reverse osmosis pressure. Maintaining the filtration performance of the RO membrane 4 by adjusting precisely and effectively recovering the fluid pressure energy of the concentrated seawater by the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 can be achieved.

さらに、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を調節するフィードバック制御量に応じてＲＯ膜４の濾過性能を判定し、ＲＯ膜４の劣化状況を把握することが可能となり、ＲＯ膜４の交換時期を的確に割り出すことができる。   Furthermore, it becomes possible to determine the filtration performance of the RO membrane 4 according to the feedback control amount for adjusting the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 and to grasp the deterioration state of the RO membrane 4, and to accurately determine the replacement timing of the RO membrane 4. Can be determined.

また、図２に示すように、濃縮海水取出通路１２に増圧器８を介装してもよい。この増圧器８が濃縮海水取出通路１２から動力回収水圧モータ３に供給される濃縮海水の圧力を高めることにより、主駆動モータ１の負荷を軽減することができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a pressure intensifier 8 may be interposed in the concentrated seawater extraction passage 12. The pressure intensifier 8 increases the pressure of the concentrated seawater supplied from the concentrated seawater extraction passage 12 to the power recovery hydraulic motor 3, thereby reducing the load on the main drive motor 1.

他の実施の形態として、動力回収水圧モータ３に供給される濃縮海水の流量を調節するため、図３に示すように、動力回収水圧モータ３をその容量（モータ押しのけ容積）を変えられる可変容量型とし、動力回収水圧モータ３の容量を調節するサーボアクチュエータ１６と、このサーボアクチュエータ１６の作動を制御するサーボアンプ９とを備える構成としてもよい。   As another embodiment, in order to adjust the flow rate of the concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery hydraulic motor 3, as shown in FIG. 3, the capacity of the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 can be changed (the displacement of the motor). A servo actuator 16 that adjusts the capacity of the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 and a servo amplifier 9 that controls the operation of the servo actuator 16 may be used.

サーボアンプ９は、圧力検出器５の検出値に基づいてサーボアクチュエータ１６を介して動力回収水圧モータ３の吐出容量を変えることによって動力回収水圧モータ３の動力回収率が最適となるようにＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を目標値に近づけるフィードバック制御を行う。   The servo amplifier 9 changes the discharge rate of the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 via the servo actuator 16 based on the detection value of the pressure detector 5 so that the power recovery rate of the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 is optimized. Feedback control is performed to bring the reverse osmosis pressure of 4 close to the target value.

この場合、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力が目標値より低い場合、サーボアンプ９は、サーボアクチュエータ１６を介して動力回収水圧モータ３の容量を減らすことにより動力回収水圧モータ３の動力回収率が最適となるようにフィードバック制御を行う。   In this case, when the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 is lower than the target value, the servo amplifier 9 reduces the capacity of the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 through the servo actuator 16 so that the power recovery rate of the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 is optimum. Feedback control is performed so that

一方、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力が目標値より高い場合、サーボアンプ９は、サーボアクチュエータ１６を介して動力回収水圧モータ３の容量を増やすことにより動力回収水圧モータ３の動力回収率が最適となるようにフィードバック制御を行う。   On the other hand, when the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 is higher than the target value, the servo amplifier 9 increases the capacity of the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 via the servo actuator 16 so that the power recovery rate of the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 is optimal. Feedback control is performed so that

また、濃縮海水取出通路１２に増圧器８が介装され、増圧器８が濃縮海水取出通路１２から動力回収水圧モータ３に供給される濃縮海水の圧力を高めることにより、主駆動モータ１の負荷を軽減することができる。なお、これに限らず、濃縮海水取出通路１２に増圧器８が介装されない構成としてもよい。   Further, a pressure intensifier 8 is interposed in the concentrated seawater extraction passage 12, and the pressure intensifier 8 increases the pressure of the concentrated seawater supplied from the concentrated seawater extraction passage 12 to the power recovery water pressure motor 3, thereby loading the main drive motor 1. Can be reduced. In addition, it is good also as a structure which the pressure booster 8 is not interposed by the concentrated seawater extraction channel | path 12 not only in this.

次に図４に示す他の実施の形態を説明する。この実施の形態では、水圧ポンプ２をその容量（ポンプ押しのけ容積）を変えられる可変容量型とする。   Next, another embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will be described. In this embodiment, the hydraulic pump 2 is a variable displacement type whose capacity (pump displacement) can be changed.

逆浸透圧力フィードバック制御手段として、水圧ポンプ２の容量を変える吐出容量可変機構を駆動するサーボアクチュエータ１７と、このサーボアクチュエータ１７を介して水圧ポンプ２の吐出容量を圧力検出器５の検出値に基づいてフィードバック制御するサーボアンプ２４とを備える。   As a reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means, a servo actuator 17 that drives a variable discharge capacity mechanism that changes the capacity of the hydraulic pump 2, and the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump 2 through the servo actuator 17 is based on the detection value of the pressure detector 5. And a servo amplifier 24 for feedback control.

ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力が目標値より低い場合、サーボアンプ２４は、サーボアクチュエータ１７を介して水圧ポンプ２の吐出容量を増やすことにより水圧ポンプ２の吐出圧を高める。   When the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 is lower than the target value, the servo amplifier 24 increases the discharge pressure of the water pressure pump 2 by increasing the discharge capacity of the water pressure pump 2 via the servo actuator 17.

一方、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力が目標値より高い場合、サーボアンプ２４は、サーボアクチュエータ１７を介して水圧ポンプ２の吐出容量を減らすことにより水圧ポンプ２の吐出圧を低くする。   On the other hand, when the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 is higher than the target value, the servo amplifier 24 lowers the discharge pressure of the water pressure pump 2 by reducing the discharge capacity of the water pressure pump 2 via the servo actuator 17.

こうしてサーボアンプ２４は、圧力検出器５の検出値に基づいてサーボアクチュエータ１７を介して水圧ポンプ２の吐出容量を増減し、水圧ポンプ２の吐出圧を調節してＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力を目標値に近づけるフィードバック制御を行う。   Thus, the servo amplifier 24 increases or decreases the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump 2 via the servo actuator 17 based on the detection value of the pressure detector 5, and adjusts the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump 2 to increase the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4. Perform feedback control to bring it closer to the target value.

これにより、供給される海水の塩分濃度や温度が変化しても、ＲＯ膜４の逆浸透圧力が適正値に保たれ、ＲＯ膜４の濾過性能を維持することと、動力回収水圧モータ３によって濃縮海水が持つ流体圧力エネルギを有効に回収することを両立できる。   Thereby, even if the salinity concentration and temperature of the seawater supplied change, the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 is maintained at an appropriate value, and the filtration performance of the RO membrane 4 is maintained, and the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 It is possible to effectively recover the fluid pressure energy of the concentrated seawater.

さらに、他の実施の形態として、図５に示すように、動力回収水圧モータ３はサーボアクチュエータ１６を介してその容量を変えられる可変容量型とし、濃縮海水取出通路１２に流量検出器１９を介装し、この流量検出器１９の検出値に基づいて動力回収水圧モータ３に供給される濃縮海水の流量を目標値に近づけるように動力回収水圧モータ３の容量をフィードバック制御するサーボアンプ２５を備える構成としてもよい。   Furthermore, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the power recovery hydraulic motor 3 is a variable capacity type whose capacity can be changed via a servo actuator 16, and a flow rate detector 19 is connected to the concentrated seawater extraction passage 12. And a servo amplifier 25 that feedback-controls the capacity of the power recovery water pressure motor 3 so that the flow rate of the concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery water pressure motor 3 approaches the target value based on the detection value of the flow rate detector 19. It is good also as a structure.

流量検出器１９の検出値に基づいて動力回収水圧モータ３の容量がフィードバック制御されることにより、ＲＯ膜４の上流側室２１から濃縮海水取出通路１２、動力回収水圧モータ３、排出通路１３を通って排出される濃縮海水の流量が適正値に保たれ、ＲＯ膜４の濾過性能を保つことができる。   The capacity of the power recovery water pressure motor 3 is feedback controlled based on the detection value of the flow rate detector 19, so that it passes through the concentrated seawater extraction passage 12, the power recovery water pressure motor 3, and the discharge passage 13 from the upstream chamber 21 of the RO membrane 4. Thus, the flow rate of the concentrated seawater discharged is maintained at an appropriate value, and the filtration performance of the RO membrane 4 can be maintained.

本発明は上記の実施の形態に限定されずに、その技術的な思想の範囲内において種々の変更がなしうることは明白である。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

１ 主駆動モータ
２ 水圧ポンプ
３ 動力回収水圧モータ
４ ＲＯ膜（逆浸透膜）
５ 圧力検出器
６ サーボアンプ
８ 増圧器
９ サーボアンプ
１０ 取水通路
１１ 海水供給通路
１２ 濃縮海水取出通路
１３ 排出通路
１５ 透過水取出通路
１６ サーボアクチュエータ
１７ サーボアクチュエータ
１９ 流量検出器
２４ サーボアンプ
２５ サーボアンプ 1 Main drive motor 2 Hydraulic pump 3 Power recovery hydraulic motor 4 RO membrane (reverse osmosis membrane)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Pressure detector 6 Servo amplifier 8 Booster 9 Servo amplifier 10 Intake passage 11 Seawater supply passage 12 Concentrated seawater extraction passage 13 Discharge passage 15 Permeated water extraction passage 16 Servo actuator 17 Servo actuator 19 Flow rate detector
24 Servo amplifier 25 Servo amplifier

Claims (6)

海水から塩分を除去した透過水を取出す海水淡水化装置であって、海水から塩分を除去するＲＯ膜と、海水を加圧して前記ＲＯ膜に送る容積型の水圧ポンプと、この水圧ポンプを駆動する主駆動モータと、前記ＲＯ膜によって濾過されない濃縮海水が持つ流体圧力によって前記水圧ポンプを駆動する容積型の動力回収水圧モータと、前記ＲＯ膜の逆浸透圧力を検出する圧力検出器と、この圧力検出器の検出値に基づいて前記ＲＯ膜の逆浸透圧力を目標値に近づけるように前記水圧ポンプの作動をフィードバック制御する逆浸透圧力フィードバック制御手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする海水淡水化装置。   A seawater desalination device for removing permeated water from which salt has been removed from seawater, an RO membrane that removes salt from seawater, a positive displacement hydraulic pump that pressurizes seawater and sends it to the RO membrane, and drives the hydraulic pump A main drive motor, a positive displacement power recovery hydraulic motor that drives the hydraulic pump by a fluid pressure of concentrated seawater not filtered by the RO membrane, a pressure detector that detects a reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane, Fresh seawater, comprising reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means for feedback controlling the operation of the hydraulic pump so that the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO membrane approaches a target value based on a detection value of a pressure detector Device. 前記逆浸透圧力フィードバック制御手段として、前記動力回収水圧モータに供給される濃縮海水の流量を調節するサーボバルブと、このサーボバルブの開度を前記圧力検出器の検出値に基づいてフィードバック制御するサーボアンプと、を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の海水淡水化装置。   As the reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means, a servo valve that adjusts the flow rate of the concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery water pressure motor, and a servo that feedback-controls the opening degree of the servo valve based on the detection value of the pressure detector. The seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an amplifier. 前記逆浸透圧力フィードバック制御手段として、前記動力回収水圧モータを可変容量型とし、前記動力回収水圧モータの容量を調節するサーボアクチュエータと、このサーボアクチュエータを介して前記動力回収水圧モータの容量を前記圧力検出器の検出値に基づいてフィードバック制御するサーボアンプと、を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の海水淡水化装置。   As the reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means, the power recovery hydraulic motor is a variable capacity type, a servo actuator that adjusts the capacity of the power recovery hydraulic motor, and the capacity of the power recovery hydraulic motor via the servo actuator is set to the pressure The seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a servo amplifier that performs feedback control based on a detection value of the detector. 前記動力回収水圧モータに供給される濃縮海水の圧力を高める増圧器を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか一つに記載の海水淡水化装置。   The seawater desalination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a pressure intensifier for increasing a pressure of the concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery water pressure motor. 前記逆浸透圧力フィードバック制御手段として、前記水圧ポンプを可変容量型とし、前記水圧ポンプの吐出容量を調節するサーボアクチュエータと、このサーボアクチュエータの作動を前記圧力検出器の検出値に基づいてフィードバック制御するサーボアンプと、を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の海水淡水化装置。   As the reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means, the hydraulic pump is of a variable displacement type, a servo actuator that adjusts the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump, and the operation of the servo actuator is feedback controlled based on the detection value of the pressure detector The seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a servo amplifier. 前記前記動力回収水圧モータを可変容量型とし、前記動力回収水圧モータの容量を調節するサーボアクチュエータと、前記動力回収水圧モータに供給される濃縮海水の流量を検出する流量検出器と、この流量検出器の検出値に基づいて前記動力回収水圧モータに供給される濃縮海水の流量を目標値に近づけるように前記動力回収水圧モータの容量をフィードバック制御するサーボアンプと、を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１または５に記載の海水淡水化装置。   The power recovery water pressure motor is of a variable capacity type, a servo actuator that adjusts the capacity of the power recovery water pressure motor, a flow rate detector that detects the flow rate of concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery water pressure motor, and the flow rate detection And a servo amplifier that feedback-controls the capacity of the power recovery water pressure motor so that the flow rate of the concentrated seawater supplied to the power recovery water pressure motor approaches a target value based on the detected value of the vessel. The seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 5.
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