JP2011083199A - Cut flower harvester and method for harvesting cut flower - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively harvesting cut flowers without damaging both flower parts and stem-leaf parts. <P>SOLUTION: The cut flower harvester 1 includes a running portion 10 that strides over a ridge and runs, a cutting and conveying portion 20 that is attached to the running portion 10, cuts stem and leaf parts of cut flowers planted in a ridge at a height set on the ridge, holds the stem and leaf parts of cut flowers in which the flower parts are held in upward positions and conveys the stem and leaf parts backward in the traveling direction of the running portion 10, a position change portion 30 that is arranged at the rear of the cutting and conveying portion 20 and changes the positions of the conveyed cut flowers so that the flower parts fall backward in the traveling direction and a bundling portion 40 that is arranged behind the cutting and conveying portion 20 and bundles the cut flowers having positions changed by the position change portion 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cut flower harvesting machine and a cut flower harvesting method using the same.

  In the harvest of cut flowers such as chrysanthemum, in the majority of areas, a selective harvesting system is adopted in which cut flowers that have reached the appropriate harvest time are searched for in the field and then harvested one by one with a sickle. is doing. In the production of chrysanthemum, harvest adjustment work is the field where labor saving is the most delayed, and the current situation is that it reaches 46% of the total working hours in small chrysanthemum.

  Also, in some areas such as Okinawa, harvesting using a mower is carried out, but the only thing that can be done using the mower is cutting, and then cutting the flowers that have been cut manually. A method is used in which a certain amount is collected and arranged on a harvesting cloth, and the bundled harvesting cloth is manually transported to the outside of the field one by one.

  On the other hand, as an existing harvesting machine technology, a paddy rice binder, a soybean harvester, and various vegetable harvesting machines have been put into practical use. The paddy rice binder is composed of a traveling operation section, a pretreatment section, a cutting section, a transport section, and a binding section. The crop caused by the raising device is cut by a reciprocating blade and taken over by the transport section, and the chain in the transport section. It is sent to the bundling section with a belt or belt. Moreover, various vegetable harvesting machines are comprised from the traveling operation part, the clamping / cutting part, the conveyance part, the accommodating part, etc. (refer the following nonpatent literature 1).

Agricultural Machinery Society, “Biological Machine Handbook”, Corona, February 20, 1996, p. 574-579, p708-711

  In harvesting cut flowers, the target of harvesting is both the flower part and the foliage part, and it is required to harvest so as not to cause damage such as scratches or breakage to both. In addition, after cutting the foliage, it is customary to align the direction of the flower part and bind it to a harvesting cloth etc. and place it on the distribution channel. It is done. And since cut flowers are ornamental crops, they must be handled carefully after harvesting. Even if they are harvested using a mower, for example, the cut flowers are collected and bundled into a field. It has been pointed out that work to be carried out is still dependent on manual work, and more careful work is required, so that it does not lead to shortening of work time.

  Also, some existing harvesting machines have the function of binding after cutting (for example, a binder) and those equipped with a discharge tray (for example, a soybean harvester). There is a problem that it is not suitable for bundling harvested products without damaging both stems and leaves, and cannot be adapted to the conventional distribution method of bundling and transporting cut flowers harvested using a harvesting cloth.

  This invention makes it an example of a subject to cope with such a problem. That is, it is possible to efficiently perform the harvesting operation of cut flowers without damaging both the flower part and the foliage part, adapting to the conventional distribution method of bundling and transporting the cut flowers harvested using the harvesting cloth, and harvesting It is an object of the present invention that the subsequent cut flowers can be efficiently carried out of the field and placed on the distribution channel.

  In order to achieve such an object, the cut flower harvesting machine and the cut flower harvesting method according to the present invention have at least the following features.

  A traveling part that can travel across the reed, and a stem and leaf part of a cut flower planted in the reed, planted in the reed, are cut off at a set height on the reed, and the posture with the flower part facing up is cut off A cutting / conveying unit that sandwiches the stems and leaves of the cut flowers and conveys them backward in the traveling direction of the traveling unit, and a posture of the cut flowers that are provided to be positioned at the rear of the cutting / conveying unit. Provided with a posture changing unit that changes so as to fall backward in the advancing direction, and a converging unit that is provided behind the mowing / conveying unit and focuses the cut flowers whose posture has been changed by the posture changing unit. A cut flower harvesting machine.

  A traveling part that can travel across the fence, and a stem and leaf part of a cut flower that is mounted on the traveling part and planted in the fence are cut at a set height on the fence, and a cut and cut part of the cut flower that is cut is sandwiched between A mowing / conveying section that conveys rearward in the traveling direction of the traveling unit and a rear part of the mowing / conveying section are provided so that the posture of the conveyed cut flower falls toward the rear in the traveling direction. Focusing on the converging unit using a cut flower harvesting machine provided with a posture changing unit that converts the posture into a position and a converging unit that is provided behind the harvesting / conveying unit and focuses the cut flowers whose posture has been changed by the posture changing unit A cut flower harvesting method, wherein the cut flowers are bundled, and the cut flowers bundled on an unloading cart attached to the rear of the cut flower harvester are transshipped.

  According to such a feature, while running along the cocoon, continuously cut off the cut flowers planted in the cocoon, and conveyed toward the rear side of the traveling direction while maintaining the posture with the flower part up, The posture is changed so that the cut flowers that are cut off with the flower part facing backwards are tilted, and the posture can be aligned and focused in sequence, so the cut flowers that are cut off are less likely to be damaged at both the flower part and the foliage part. , Can be united in a state of alignment. Further, if the harvesting cloth is spread on the converging portion, it can be bundled with the harvesting cloth as it is, so that the work from harvesting to bundling can be efficiently performed even when it is placed on a conventional distribution method.

  Furthermore, by attaching a transporting carriage to the rear of the cut flower harvester in the direction of travel, the bundled harvest can be immediately transferred to the transporting carriage, and when the specified amount of harvested bundle is stored on the transporting carriage, It is possible to remove the transport cart from the band of the cut flower harvesting machine and move the transport cart independently to transport the harvested product outside the field.

  As described above, according to the cut flower harvesting machine or the cut flower harvesting method of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently perform the harvesting work of cut flowers without damaging both the flower part and the foliage part. Moreover, it can be adapted to a conventional distribution method in which cut flowers harvested using a harvesting cloth are bundled and conveyed, and the cut flowers after harvesting can be efficiently carried out of the field and placed on the distribution route.

It is explanatory drawing (side view) which shows the whole structure of the cut flower harvester which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the cutting and conveying part of the cut flower harvester which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the cut flower harvester which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the cut flower harvesting method which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view (side view) showing an overall configuration of a cut flower harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the structure of the cutting and conveying unit of the cut flower harvester according to the embodiment of the present invention. The cut flower harvesting machine 1 includes a traveling unit 10, a mowing / conveying unit 20, a posture changing unit 30, and a converging unit 40 as main components.

  The traveling unit 10 includes a pair of left and right traveling wheels 11 and 12 that can travel across the ridge on which cut flowers are cultivated, supports the traveling wheels 11 and 12, and supports at least one of the traveling wheels 11 and 12. A traveling machine body 13 having a prime mover and a power transmission mechanism (not shown) for driving wheels is provided. The traveling machine body 13 is provided with an operation handle 13A for operating connection of power transmission to the drive wheels and the like, and it is preferable that the operator can operate the operation handle 13A while walking.

  The cutting / conveying unit 20 is mounted in the traveling unit 10 together with, for example, a sensor 50 that senses the height of the cocoon in a unit state, and cuts the stems and leaves of the cut flowers planted in the cocoon at a set height on the cocoon. It has a function of holding the posture with the face up and holding the stems and leaves of cut flowers that have been cut and transporting them backward in the direction of travel of the traveling unit 10.

  A more specific structure of the mowing / conveying unit 20 will be described. First, a cutting blade 21 that is driven to reciprocate is provided at a lower front portion in the traveling direction of the traveling unit 10. The cutting blade 21 can be formed by, for example, a saw blade-like driving blade and a fixed blade that are driven by transmitting power from a prime mover provided in the traveling machine body 13. In addition, a pair of endless conveyor belts 22 that sandwich cut flowers cut by the cutting blade 21 and a belt driving unit that drives the endless conveyor belts 22 in opposite directions are provided.

  The endless transport belt 22 has a pair of sandwiching surfaces 22A that sandwich the cut flowers along the vertical direction, and the sandwiching surfaces 22A have a width for transporting while maintaining the posture of the cut flowers. The belt driving unit supports the driving roller 23 provided at one end of the endless conveying belt 22, the driven roller 24 provided at the other end of the endless conveying belt 22, the driving roller 23 and the driven roller 24, and power to the driving roller 23. The roller support part 25 (25A, 25B) provided with the transmission mechanism which transmits is provided.

  The posture changing unit 30 is provided so as to be located at the rear of the mowing / conveying unit 20, and has a function of changing the posture of the cut flowers that are conveyed so that the flower part falls down toward the rear in the traveling direction (X direction in the drawing). . The posture changing unit 30 is, for example, a contact that extends perpendicularly to the sandwiching surface 22A so as to contact a foliage projecting downward from the endless transport belt 22 in the cut flower transported by the cutting and transport unit 20 The stick 31 and the discharge roller 32 which discharges the cut flower which fell on the contact stick 31 to the back of the advancing direction are provided. The converging unit 40 is configured by a tray or the like provided in the traveling unit 10 and having a function of converging cut flowers whose posture is changed by the posture changing unit 30.

  The operation of the cut flower harvester 1 will be described. The cut flower harvesting machine 1 is provided with a plurality of rows of mowing / conveying units 20 for cut flowers planted in a plurality of strips on, for example, a 60-70 cm planting width, and straddles the fence, for example, 5-10 cm. The harvesting operation is performed while traveling at a speed of / s.

  Cut flowers before harvesting are made in a state where nets and piles provided for maintaining posture during cultivation are removed in advance. As a result, the cut flowers on the ridge may be tilted, but are guided and guided smoothly between the pair of endless conveyor belts 22 and 22 by the guide member 26 disposed at the front end of the cutting and harvesting unit 20. The

  As shown in FIG. 3, the cut flower F planted in the cocoon is immediately after being sandwiched between the endless transport belts 22 and 22, and the cutting height set by the cutting blade 21 disposed below the endless transport belts 22 and 22. It is harvested. The cut flower F that has been cut is then conveyed rearward and upward in the traveling direction while maintaining a posture with the flower portion F1 facing upward. The endless transport belts 22 and 22 are inclined so that the rear ends are upward, and are made of a flexible rubber, or damage the foliage F2 sandwiched by applying a sponge coating to the sandwiching surface 22A. I am trying not to. Then, the cut part F is cut while maintaining the posture in which the flower part F1 is positioned on the endless transport belts 22 and 22 and the lower end part of the foliage part F2 cut below the endless transport belts 22 and 22 is exposed. Transport.

  The transported cut flower F is released from the pinched state at the end portions of the endless transport belts 22 and 22, but at this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the posture disposed below the end portions of the endless transport belts 22 and 22. By the conversion mechanism 30, the flower part F <b> 1 falls in the direction toward the rear of the machine body and is focused on the focusing part 40. According to the posture changing mechanism 30, the movement of the lower part of the foliage part F2 of the cut flower F conveyed by the contact rod 31 extending perpendicularly to the clamping surface 22A of the endless conveying belts 22 and 22 is prevented. By moving the foliage part F2 slightly in the state, the posture is changed so that the flower part F1 is directed backward as shown in the figure. Then, after the pinching of the foliage portion F2 is released, the foliage portion F2 comes into contact with the upper surface of the discharge roller 32 that is rotationally driven rearward, and has been conveyed by receiving the frictional resistance of this upper surface. The cut flowers F are converged in a state of being aligned with the rear converging unit 40. By providing protrusions on the surface of the carry-out roller 32, the discharge effect of the foliage F2 can be further enhanced.

  A cut flower harvesting method using such a cut flower harvester 1 will be described below with reference to FIG. As described above, by using the cut flower harvester 1, the cut flowers planted in the cocoon G can be continuously cut and converged on the converging unit 40 in a state where the flower parts are directed in a certain direction. A harvesting cloth S conventionally used for distribution after harvesting can be laid on the converging part 40 formed by a flat tray. By laying the harvesting cloth S on the converging part 40, the cut flowers F can be directly focused on the spread harvesting cloth S, and the worker M who is associated with the cut flower harvesting machine 1 has a certain number of them. When the harvested cloth S is bundled, the harvested bundle S1 formed by binding the harvested cloth S is moved from the focusing section 40.

  The harvested bundle S1 formed by binding the harvested cloth S on the converging unit 40 must be carried out of the field after that, but there are obstacles on the reed after being cut by the cut flower harvester 1. Therefore, it is possible to carry a carrying cart behind the cut flower harvesting machine 1 and transfer the harvested bundle S1 to the carrying cart 2. The transport cart 2 can be traveled across the ridge immediately after the cut flower harvester 1 travels, whereby the harvest bundle is directly placed on the transport cart 2 from the converging unit 40 of the cut flower harvester 1. Can be changed.

  In this way, by adopting a method in which the carrying cart 2 follows the cut flower harvester 1, the harvested bundle S1 formed on the converging unit 40 can be directly transferred from the converging unit 40 to the carrying cart 2. Then, when the harvested bundle S1 on the unloading carriage 2 reaches a specified number, the follow-up can be stopped and moved out of the field to be unloaded. The unloading carriage 2 can be connected to the traveling body of the cut flower harvester 1 and moved while interlocking, and can be made to follow the connection when the harvested bundle S1 is stored. It can also be operated without. In this case, the harvested bundle S1 can be placed on the basket at regular intervals after the cut flower harvester 1 has traveled, and then the harvested bundle placed on the basket can be recovered by the carrying cart 2.

  As explained above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in contrast to the harvesting work of cut flowers that has been almost manually performed in the prior art, from cutting the cut flowers to bundling with a harvesting cloth, and further to carrying out of the field. The work up to can be greatly saved. According to this, it becomes possible to significantly shorten the work time of the harvesting work in the integrated cut flower cultivation, and the productivity of the cut flower cultivation can be improved.

  As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the design can be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. Is included in the present invention. In addition, the above-described embodiments can be combined by utilizing each other's technology as long as there is no particular contradiction or problem in the purpose and configuration.

1: Cut flower harvesting machine, 2: Carriage for transportation,
10: traveling part, 11, 12: traveling wheel,
13: traveling aircraft, 13A: operation handle,
20: Cutting / conveying section, 21: Cutting blade, 22: Endless conveying belt,
23: driving roller, 24: driven roller,
25 (25A, 25B): roller support part,
26: guide member,
30: Posture change part, 31: Contact rod, 32: Discharge roller,
40: Focusing part, 50: Sensor (for height detection)

Claims (5)

A traveling section capable of traveling across the fence,
Cut the stems and leaves of cut flowers planted in the bushes at a set height on the hook, hold the posture with the flower parts up and hold the stems and leaves of the cut flowers clipped A mowing / conveying unit that conveys the traveling unit to the rear in the traveling direction;
A posture changing unit that is provided so as to be located at the rear portion of the cutting and conveying unit, and changes the posture of the cut flowers that are conveyed so that the flower unit falls down backward in the traveling direction;
A cut flower harvesting machine, comprising a converging unit that is provided behind the mowing / conveying unit and converges the cut flowers whose posture is changed by the posture changing unit. The mowing / conveying unit includes a reciprocating cutting blade at the front lower portion in the traveling direction, and a pair of endless conveying belts for holding the cut flowers cut by the cutting blade, and the endless conveying belts in directions opposite to each other. A belt drive unit for driving,
The endless conveying belt is formed with a pair of nipping surfaces for nipping the cut flowers along a vertical direction, and the nipping surfaces have a width for conveying while maintaining the posture of the cut flowers. Cut flower harvesting machine.   The posture changing unit includes a contact bar extending perpendicularly to the clamping surface so as to contact a foliage protruding downward from the endless transport belt in the cut flower transported by the cutting and transport unit The cut flower harvesting machine according to claim 2, further comprising: a discharge roller that discharges the cut flowers that have fallen on the corresponding connecting rod to the rear in the traveling direction. A traveling part that can travel across the fence, and a stem and leaf part of a cut flower that is installed in the traveling part and planted in the fence are cut at a set height on the fence, and a cut and leaf part of the cut flower that is cut is sandwiched between A mowing / conveying unit that conveys the traveling unit rearward in the traveling direction and a rear portion of the mowing / conveying unit are provided so that the posture of the conveyed cut flower is tilted toward the rear in the traveling direction. Using a cut flower harvesting machine comprising a posture changing unit to be converted into a position and a converging unit that is provided behind the harvesting / conveying unit and focuses the cut flowers whose posture has been changed by the posture changing unit,
A cut flower harvesting method comprising bundling cut flowers converged on the converging unit, and transferring the cut flowers bundled on an unloading cart attached to the rear of the cut flower harvesting machine.   5. The cut flower harvesting according to claim 4, wherein when the harvested bundle of cut flowers reaches a specified number, the unloading trolley is moved to the opposite side of the traveling direction by solving a band with the cut flower harvesting machine. Method.

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