JP2011076791A - 光電変換素子とその光電変換素子を用いた光発電装置 - Google Patents
光電変換素子とその光電変換素子を用いた光発電装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2011076791A JP2011076791A JP2009225230A JP2009225230A JP2011076791A JP 2011076791 A JP2011076791 A JP 2011076791A JP 2009225230 A JP2009225230 A JP 2009225230A JP 2009225230 A JP2009225230 A JP 2009225230A JP 2011076791 A JP2011076791 A JP 2011076791A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- photoelectric conversion
- layer
- conversion element
- porous semiconductor
- semiconductor layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004700 cobalt complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PDZKZMQQDCHTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);thiocyanate Chemical compound [Cu+].[S-]C#N PDZKZMQQDCHTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004698 iron complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000228347 Monascus <ascomycete fungus> Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229930182559 Natural dye Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000978 natural dye Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 16
- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 11
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000276440 Betula nigra Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 diethyl ether Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000163122 Curcuma domestica Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003392 Curcuma domestica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000003373 curcuma longa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013976 turmeric Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YMZOIRFEUWNMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5-tetrabutylpyridine Chemical compound CCCCC1=CN=C(CCCC)C(CCCC)=C1CCCC YMZOIRFEUWNMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283725 Bos Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000178937 Brassica oleracea var. capitata Species 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004160 Capsicum annuum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008534 Capsicum annuum var annuum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007862 Capsicum baccatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEBIKDIMAPSUBY-ARYZWOCPSA-N Crocin Chemical compound C([C@H]1O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)O)OC(=O)C(C)=CC=CC(C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1)O)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SEBIKDIMAPSUBY-ARYZWOCPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000111489 Gardenia augusta Species 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000088415 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000151637 Sambucus canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018735 Sambucus canadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004976 Solanum vernei Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000352057 Solanum vernei Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000394567 Viola pubescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007611 bar coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007123 blue elder Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001728 capsicum frutescens Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004106 carminic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012730 carminic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- OIQPTROHQCGFEF-UHFFFAOYSA-L chembl1371409 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC1=CC=C2C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 OIQPTROHQCGFEF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940080423 cochineal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000007124 elderberry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000008995 european elder Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000009627 gardenia yellow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019674 grape juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000752 ionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940057059 monascus purpureus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-4-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]aniline Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002964 pentacenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000276 potassium ferrocyanide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001054 red pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- KINGXFAMZNIVNL-SXQDSXCISA-N safflor yellow A Natural products OC[C@@H]1O[C@H]2[C@H](OC3=C2C(=O)C(=C(O)C=Cc4ccc(O)cc4)C(=O)[C@]3(O)[C@@H]5O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]5O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KINGXFAMZNIVNL-SXQDSXCISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2068—Panels or arrays of photoelectrochemical cells, e.g. photovoltaic modules based on photoelectrochemical cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/10—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene
- H10K2102/101—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO]
- H10K2102/103—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO] comprising indium oxides, e.g. ITO
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
【解決手段】 光電変換素子1は、一主面に透光性基板2と、透光性基板2上に形成された透光性導電層3と、透光性導電層3上に形成された多孔質半導体層4と、多孔質半導体層4上に配置されたベニコウジ黄色素5と、透光性基板2と透光性導電層3と多孔質半導体層4とベニコウジ黄色素5とで形成された光電変換層6と、この光電変換層6と間隔をあけて対向するよう配置された対極12と、光電変換層6と対極12との間に設けられた電荷輸送層(電解質層)7と、光電変換層6と電荷輸送層7と対極12の周囲を取り囲んで形成された封止部材8とで形成されている。
【選択図】 図1
Description
告している。
本発明の光電変換素子は請求項6に記載のように、使用される触媒層が、白金,パラジウム,ロジウム,カーボンまたはポリチオフェンから成ることが好ましい。
隔をあけて対向するよう配置された対極と、光電変換層と対極との間に設けられた電荷輸送層と、光電変換層と電荷輸送層と対極の周囲を取り囲んで形成された封止部材とで形成されていることから、前記ベニコウジ黄色素が吸収した光エネルギーを電気エネルギーに効率良く変換することが出来る。
また、本発明の光発電装置は、上記本発明の光電変換素子を発電手段として用い、発電手段の発電電力を負荷へ供給するようにしたことから、光電変換特性が向上したものとなる。
た光電変換電極としての対極12が設けられている。対極としての光電変換電極12は透明なガラス板からなる透光性を有する基板あるいは透光性のない基板11が配置され、この基板11の底面に透光性導電層10が形成され、透光性導電層10上には触媒層9が配装されている。これらの光電変換電極6と12の間には電荷輸送層7が設けられ、この電荷輸送層7は光電変換電極6・12の長手方向に沿って一定距離ごとに封止部材8により分離されている。透光性導電層3の下面側の電荷輸送層7中には、多数の球体状の多孔質半導体層4が配置されている。そして、各半導体層4の球面上に多数(例えば数十個)のベニコウジ黄色素5が吸着担持されている。なお、導電層10には金属箔などの透光性を具備しない導電層を用いてもよい。
超えると、多孔質の半導体層4の比表面積が減少するため、ベニコウジ黄色素5の吸着量を確保するためには厚みを厚くしなければならなくなり、厚みを厚くしすぎると光が透過しにくくなり、ベニコウジ黄色素5が光を吸収できないこと、また、多孔質の半導体層4に注入された電荷の移動距離が長くなるため電荷の再結合によるロスが大きくなること、さらに、電解質の拡散距離も増大するため拡散抵抗が増大することから、やはり光電変換効率が低下する傾向がある。
Ionization)法,DH(Dollimore-Heal)法等によって空孔容積を求め、これと試料の粒子密度から得ることができる。
置、電気モーターや照明装置等の負荷等を有する構成であり、建築物の屋根や壁面に設置される太陽電池等として使用される。
本実施例の光電変換素子1は比較例の光電変換素子と比較して光電変換効率が38%以上も高いものであった。これは、ベニコウジ黄色素5の特性によるものであり、比較例に比べて高い光電変換効率を与える天然色素が見出された。
2:透光性基板
3:透光性導電層
4:多孔質の半導体層
5:ベニコウジ黄色素
6:光電変換電極
7:電荷輸送層(電解質層)
8:封止部材
9: 触媒層
10:透光性導電層
11:基板
12:対極(触媒層9・透光性導電層10・基板11)
S:入射光
Claims (7)
- 一主面に透光性基板と、透光性基板上に形成された透光性導電層と、透光性導電層上に形成された多孔質半導体層と、多孔質半導体層上に配置されたベニコウジ黄色素と、上記ベニコウジ黄色素と多孔質半導体で形成された光電変換層と間隔をあけて対向するよう配置された対極と、光電変換層と対極との間に設けられた電荷輸送層と、光電変換層と電荷輸送層と対極の周囲を取り囲んで形成された封止部材とで形成されていることを特徴とする光電変換素子。
- 前記透光性基板は、透明なガラス板またはプラスチック板から成ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の光電変換素子。
- 前記透光性導電層は、フッ素ドープ錫酸化物、インジウム錫酸化物、ガリウムドープ亜鉛酸化物、アルミドープ亜鉛酸化物、またはニオブドープチタン酸化物から成ることを特徴とする請求項1または2のいずれか記載の光電変換素子。
- 前記多孔質半導体層は、TiO2、WO3、ZnO、Nb2O5、Ta2O5、またはSrTiO3から成ることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換素子。
- 前記電荷輸送層は、沃化物、コバルト錯体、鉄錯体、CuI、CuSCN、または有機ホール輸送材から成ることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換素子。
- 前記対極に使用される触媒層は、白金,パラジウム,ロジウム,カーボンまたはポリチオフェンから成ることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換素子。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換素子を発電手段として用い、前記発電手段の発電電力を負荷へ供給することを特徴とする光発電装置。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009225230A JP5489621B2 (ja) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | 光電変換素子とその光電変換素子を用いた光発電装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009225230A JP5489621B2 (ja) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | 光電変換素子とその光電変換素子を用いた光発電装置 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2011076791A true JP2011076791A (ja) | 2011-04-14 |
JP5489621B2 JP5489621B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
Family
ID=44020593
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009225230A Active JP5489621B2 (ja) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | 光電変換素子とその光電変換素子を用いた光発電装置 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP5489621B2 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013004238A (ja) * | 2011-06-14 | 2013-01-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 光応答素子 |
CN103280325A (zh) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-04 | 山东大学 | 基于天然有机染料与ZnO单晶纳米阵列的敏化太阳能电池 |
US10069025B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2018-09-04 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device |
US10079320B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2018-09-18 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device comprising perovskites |
US10388897B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2019-08-20 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device comprising porous scaffold material and perovskites |
IT201900006939A1 (it) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-17 | Vinicola Serena S R L In Forma Breve V S S R L | Procedimento per la realizzazione di celle fotoelettrochimiche con l’utilizzo di coloranti estratti da residui di vinificazione. |
US11038132B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2021-06-15 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic devices with organometal perovskites with mixed anions |
-
2009
- 2009-09-29 JP JP2009225230A patent/JP5489621B2/ja active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
JPN6013058807; Dongshe Zhang, Noriyuki Yamamoto, Tsukasa Yoshida and Hideki Minoura: 'Natural dye sensitized solar cells' Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan vol.27, No.4, 2002, pp.811-814, The Materials Research Society of Japan * |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013004238A (ja) * | 2011-06-14 | 2013-01-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 光応答素子 |
US11276734B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2022-03-15 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device comprising porous scaffold material and perovskites |
US10079320B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2018-09-18 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device comprising perovskites |
US10388897B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2019-08-20 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device comprising porous scaffold material and perovskites |
US11038132B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2021-06-15 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic devices with organometal perovskites with mixed anions |
US11258024B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2022-02-22 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic devices with organometal perovskites with mixed anions |
US11302833B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2022-04-12 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device comprising perovskites |
US11908962B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2024-02-20 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device comprising perovskites |
US10069025B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2018-09-04 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device |
US11469338B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2022-10-11 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device |
US11527663B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2022-12-13 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic device |
CN103280325A (zh) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-04 | 山东大学 | 基于天然有机染料与ZnO单晶纳米阵列的敏化太阳能电池 |
IT201900006939A1 (it) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-17 | Vinicola Serena S R L In Forma Breve V S S R L | Procedimento per la realizzazione di celle fotoelettrochimiche con l’utilizzo di coloranti estratti da residui di vinificazione. |
WO2020234092A1 (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-26 | Vinicola Serena S.R.L. In Forma Breve V.S. S.R.L. | Method for providing photoelectrochemical cells with the use of dyes extracted from winemaking residues |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5489621B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5489621B2 (ja) | 光電変換素子とその光電変換素子を用いた光発電装置 | |
Yang et al. | Novel tandem structure employing mesh-structured Cu2S counter electrode for enhanced performance of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells | |
KR101729888B1 (ko) | 다공성 전이금속 산화물 반도체를 이용한 광전기화학적 물 분해 시스템 | |
Lin et al. | Flexible dye-sensitized solar cells with one-dimensional ZnO nanorods as electron collection centers in photoanodes | |
JP4925605B2 (ja) | 光電変換装置およびそれを用いた光発電装置 | |
JP4969046B2 (ja) | 光電変換装置およびそれを用いた光発電装置 | |
JP2012059599A (ja) | カーボン系電極及び電気化学装置 | |
JP4966525B2 (ja) | 色素増感型太陽電池、その光電極基板およびその光電極基板の製造方法 | |
JP5586489B2 (ja) | 染料感応型太陽電池用電極基板、及びこれを具備する染料感応型太陽電池 | |
JP2011165580A (ja) | 光電変換素子とその光電変換素子を用いた光発電装置 | |
JP2009009936A (ja) | 光電変換装置 | |
Rong et al. | Monolithic all-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells | |
JP2012009409A (ja) | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 | |
Alfa et al. | Fabrication and Characterisation of Titanium Dioxide Based Dye Sensitized Solar Cell using Flame of the Forest Dye | |
Effendi et al. | Studies on graphene zinc-oxide nanocomposites photoanodes for high-efficient dye-sensitized solar cells | |
KR101447618B1 (ko) | 광감응 태양전지 및 그의 제조방법 | |
Jonathan et al. | Photovoltaic perfomance of dye sensitized solar cells using natural dyes extracted from bougainvillea flower and mango leaves | |
JP2008244258A (ja) | 光電変換装置及び光発電装置 | |
CN101262019A (zh) | 硅纳米线光电化学太阳能电池 | |
Albadi’ah et al. | Progress on integrated supercapacitors and DSSC structure and performance | |
Orebiyi et al. | Dye-sensitized solar cells | |
KR100670331B1 (ko) | 플라스틱 전극 및 이를 채용한 태양전지 | |
KR101462356B1 (ko) | 염료감응형 태양 전지 및 그 제조 방법 | |
Tuc Altaf et al. | Recent Advances in Photochargeable Integrated and All-in-One Supercapacitor Devices | |
JP5153248B2 (ja) | 光電変換装置及び光発電装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20120911 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20131203 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20140225 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20140225 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5489621 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |