JP2011075930A - Keyboard device and keyboard control method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a keyboard device and a keyboard control method, wherein abrupt change of an envelope is removed while an initial shock signal is subjected to moving average processing, and string resonance processing becomes pure. <P>SOLUTION: Self resonance of the initial shock signal from a struck object 1 is performed, and moving average processing of the resonance signal is performed over a moving average length N in a moving average circuit 90. Abrupt rising or falling of the envelope of the initial shock signal is made gradual, and resonance is added in time division, based on a delay data dij and a level data lij in a resonance circuit 100 between strings. Similarly in a circuit of Fig.21, self-resonance, moving average and resonance between keys/pitches are performed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a keyboard device and a keyboard control method, and more particularly, to realize a resonance / resonance function between strings (impacted body / struck body / sounding body) in a keyboard device that simulates the sounding of a string by an impacted body. About things.

  Conventionally, the applicant has filed the following application as a keyboard device for simulating the pronunciation of a string by such an impacted body. In the techniques disclosed in these applications, a rod-like or plate-like impacted body is provided for each key, and an impact is applied to the impacted body with a hammer or the like, and the sound from the impacted body is converted into an electrical signal. The sound is converted and output as a musical sound signal.

JP 2009-008736 A JP 2009-020417 A Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-281141 (not disclosed) Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-281147 (not disclosed)

  An object of the present invention is to remove a steep change in the envelope of an initial impact signal so that the string resonance process becomes purer in a keyboard device that simulates the sound of a string with such an impacted body. .

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the keyboard device of the present invention includes a plurality of impact bodies, each in a bar shape or a plate shape, provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys, and each of the keys is sounded by a sounding operation. In a keyboard device having a plurality of impacted bodies that are shocked and attenuated immediately before entering cyclically repetitive vibrations and generate initial shocks with little periodic repetitive vibrations. The initial impact from the impacted body is converted into an electrical signal, and the converted initial impact signal itself is subjected to a process of adding resonance to perform a moving average process. A process of adding resonance between the key strings of the pitches is performed and output.

  The “initial impact signal” refers to a portion where a musical sound or an artificial sound begins to sound, the sound waveform changes considerably dynamically, and includes many frequency components other than the pitch of the musical sound. After this initial impact portion, the change in the sound waveform is reduced, and the frequency components other than the pitch of the musical sound are reduced. Such an “initial impact signal” is generated by some external impact factor, and as shown in FIG. 7, is attenuated immediately before entering the cyclic oscillation “vibration”. There is almost no “vibration” and the vibration is only once, and therefore there is no periodicity of vibration.

  The sound generation time of the “initial impact signal” is 10% to 0.0001%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05% The length is 0.01%, 0.005%, or 0.0001%, and 0.01 ms to 50 ms, 0.05 ms to 25 ms, 0.1 ms to 15 from the beginning of the tone. Milliseconds, 0.5 milliseconds to 10 milliseconds.

  As a result, a resonance signal after the initial impact signal is generated only by the initial impact from the impacted body, and a steep change in the envelope of the initial impact signal is removed by moving average processing, and the initial impact signal has a sharp envelope. The rise or fall is moderated and the string resonance process becomes purer.

  Such an initial impact signal is different from the attack portion in the envelope, is different from decay, sustain and release in the envelope, and is not released. Because the attack, decay, sustain and release in the envelope are not only string vibration but also spatial and comprehensive formed by mutual resonance / resonance between the instrument case, outer case, soundboard, string, etc. However, this initial impact signal is a sound formed by an impacted body such as a string / a hit object / sound generator itself, and excludes a sound formed by a space such as a soundboard. This is because that.

(1) Impacted body 1
FIG. 1 shows the structure of an impacted body 1 provided corresponding to each key 11. One end or both ends of the thin plate-like or rod-like support 2 are fixed to the keyboard device. When an impact is applied to the support body 2, the support body 2 is elastically deformed and returns and generates an initial impact. A cylindrical contact body 3 is fixed at the center lower surface or a position slightly closer to the free end than the center lower surface.

  This abutting body 3 is the same as the hit member 12 (the shock absorbing materials 121 and 123, the vibration sensor 122, the string cross-sectional shape member 124, the metal members 1241 to 1243, the flexile member 1244, etc.) in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-184326. It is. The specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-184326 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-020417) is all described in this specification, and the drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-184326 are all attached to the present application. And

  In the contact body 3, an impact conversion element 21 such as a pickup element, a Hall element, or a piezoelectric element is incorporated. The on / off operation of the keys 11 is transmitted to the hammer H through an action mechanism (not shown) or directly, the hammer H is rotated, and the tip of the hammer H hits the contact body 3. The impact conversion element 21 may be an optical type such as a photocoupler, a laser beam and a mirror, and any means may be used as long as the initial impact of the impacted object 1 is detected.

  A mechanical initial impact applied to the impacted body 1, that is, the contact body 3 is converted into an electrical signal, that is, an initial impact signal. A conduction path is formed from the impact conversion element 21 to the base of the contact body 3 and the support body 2, and an initial impact signal is output through this conduction path.

  A flexible member is joined to the tip of the contact body 3, and three metal members are joined to the surface of the flexible member, and an initial impact in a state where the hammer H strikes three strings simultaneously with a keyboard instrument. A signal is realized.

  The impact conversion element 21 is not in the center of the contact body 3, but in the base of the contact body 3, in or out of the support body 2 near the hammer H of the support body 2, the base of the support body 2, etc. In any case, the impact of the hammer H is converted into an initial impact signal.

  The shape of the support body 2 or the contact body 3 is the plate-like or bar-like shape, and the total area around the side surface is 5 to 100 times, for example, 8 to 50 times, more preferably 10 to 25 times the cross-sectional area, The higher this value, the smaller the higher the tone. In the case of an upright type keyboard device, the length of the support 2 may be slightly shorter than the depth inside the main body. In the case of a ground type keyboard device, the length of the support 2 may be slightly shorter than the height inside the main body.

  The shape of the support 2 or the contact body 3 is the plate shape or the rod shape, and the cross-sectional shape is a rectangle such as a rectangle or a square, a polygon, a circle, an ellipse, a trapezoid, a parallelogram, a rhombus, a star, Curved shape, L shape, H shape, I shape, U shape, T shape, C shape, O shape, N shape, M shape, X shape, J shape, Y shape, E shape, F shape, S shape, V shape , Rounded stepped shape, rounded uneven shape, rectangular parallelepiped, cube, polyhedron, polygonal column, plate shape, cylinder, sphere, egg shape, elliptical sphere, disc, rectangular frame shape An annular shape may be used.

  The support body 2 or the contact body 3 may be arranged in any direction such as a direct direction of the speaker or an oblique direction in addition to the horizontal direction. The height of the contact body 3 may be larger or smaller than the width / thickness of the support body 2 or the contact body 3. The material of the support body 2 or the contact body 3 is wood, bamboo, resin, metal, glass, cotton, cloth, thread, fiber, rubber, paper, carbon, urethane, foam Any of urethane, sponge, and a mixture thereof may be used.

  Such an impacted body 1 is oscillated before the irregular vibration of only the above-described initial impact is generated by the impact of the hammer H and is immediately attenuated and stabilized at a pitch frequency corresponding to the key. Disappears. The support 2 is selected from a material, shape, and mounting structure that generates shock vibrations that dynamically change due to such irregular vibrations and that quickly attenuates. The musical tone waveform signal after this initial impact signal is generated by resonance of the resonance circuit 20 described later.

  If the impacted body 1 is very thin and highly elastic like a string, the vibration continues for a while after the initial impact, does not attenuate, continues to vibrate, and the tone generation time of the musical sound becomes longer. However, the impacted body 1 is attenuated immediately and only the initial impact signal (sound) is generated. A steady sound whose change after the initial impact signal (sound) is stable is generated by resonance of the resonance circuit 20 described later.

  The support body 2 may be omitted, and the contact body 3 may be directly fixed inside the musical instrument main body. Further, the contact body 3 may be omitted, and the impact conversion element 21 may be provided on the inside, the outer surface, the root, the center, the tip, or the like of the support body 2.

  The “initial impact signal” refers to a portion where a musical sound or an artificial sound begins to sound, the sound waveform changes considerably dynamically, and includes many frequency components other than the pitch of the musical sound. After this initial impact portion, the change in the waveform of the sound is reduced, the frequency components other than the pitch of the musical tone are reduced, and it gradually converges to the frequency of the musical tone. Such an “initial impact signal” is generated by some external impact factor, and as shown in FIG. 7, is attenuated immediately before entering the cyclic oscillation “vibration”. There is almost no “vibration” and the vibration is only once, and therefore there is no periodicity of vibration.

  However, the vibration of the “initial impact signal” may be twice or three times or more. The sound generation time of the “initial impact signal” is 10% to 0.0001%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05% The length is 0.01%, 0.005%, or 0.0001%, and 0.01 ms to 50 ms, 0.05 ms to 25 ms, 0.1 ms to 15 from the beginning of the tone. Milliseconds, 0.5 milliseconds to 10 milliseconds.

  The sound generation time ratio of these initial impact signals varies depending on musical factors such as timbre, pitch, and touch. For example, the ratio of the sound generation time of the initial impact signal to the sound generation time of the entire musical sound is smaller (larger) as the touch is larger, and is smaller (larger) as the pitch is lower, for example, percussion instrument → plucked string instrument → percussion instrument → It becomes larger (smaller) in the order of bowing → wind instrument.

  The free end of the support 2 may be a fixed end or a support end where a brake is applied to the movement. Furthermore, a plurality of fixed ends or support ends may be formed on one support body 2. In this case, the number of fixed ends or support ends may increase as the sound becomes higher.

  The contact body 3 may be provided at the center lower surface of the support body 2, a position slightly closer to the free end than the center lower surface, a position slightly closer to the fixed end than the center lower surface, the free end, the fixed end, and the like. The contact body 3 or the impact conversion element 21 may be completely incorporated in the support body 2.

  Further, the contact body 3 may be provided at a position closer to the free end as the sound becomes lower, and may be provided at a position closer to the fixed end as the sound becomes higher. The length of the support 2 may be longer as the sound is lower, and the thickness / width of the support 2 may be thicker / wider as the sound is lower. The abutting body 3 may be provided on the upper side, the side surface or the like in addition to the lower side of the support body 2, and the hammer H hits the abutting body 3 from above and from the side.

(2) Overall Circuit FIG. 2 shows an overall circuit of a keyboard device, keyboard instrument, musical tone device, musical tone control device, simulated piano or mute piano. The initial impact signals from the impact conversion elements 21 of the impacted body 1 provided for each of the keys 11 are sampled by the sampling circuits 41, respectively, and converted into digital data by the AD converter 42, It is sent to the three resonance circuits 20.

  In the three resonance circuits 20..., The initial impact signal is subjected to digital resonance processing. In this resonance processing, the initial impact signal is fed back and resonated, and depending on the operation of the damper pedal 61, the resonance by the operation of each key 11, and the like. The resonance process is performed, and the resonated initial impact signal is output as a musical sound corresponding to the sound generation operation of the key 11. In one or two of the three resonance circuits 20..., The resonance processing is performed after the initial impact signal is delayed.

  The resonance process is performed after the other one or two of the three resonance circuits 20 are changed in magnitude of the initial impact signal. Between the three resonance circuits 20..., The initial shock signal and the resonance signal are transmitted and received to each other, mixed and synthesized, and a resonance process corresponding to the resonance between the strings in one key 11 is also performed. The initial resonance signal and the resonance signal from the resonance circuits 20 of the other keys 11 are transmitted and received to the three resonance circuits 20 to be mixed and synthesized, and a resonance process corresponding to the resonance between the strings is performed.

  All the initial shock signals subjected to resonance processing from the three resonance circuits 20 are clipped by the three clipping circuits 46, added by the adder 43, converted into an analog signal by the DA converter 44, and then the sound system 45. Sound is output from (amplifier, speaker, soundboard 26, etc.). In the clipping circuit 46, the level of each initial shock signal subjected to resonance processing is limited so as not to exceed a certain value, or the increase / decrease is moderated or gradually saturated.

  As the clipping circuit 46, a converter circuit (decoder, encoder, ROM) or the like is used. When the input value exceeds a certain value, the output value is saturated, slowly increases, or hardly increases. As a result, when the vibration amplitude of the string of the keyboard instrument or other musical instrument becomes equal to or greater than a certain value, a state is realized in which the string touches the damper and the vibration amplitude greater than the certain value of the string is suppressed.

  The three clipping circuits 46 receive a damper fine motion signal, which will be described later, and the clipping value / saturation value / relaxation increase / decrease range changes with the period of the damper fine motion signal. This realizes a state where the damper of the keyboard instrument or other musical instrument vibrates in small increments due to vibration, and the position where the vibration amplitude of the string is suppressed changes as the damper approaches or separates from the string.

  Each initial shock signal (initial shock signal to which a resonance signal has been added; the same applies hereinafter) subjected to resonance processing by the resonance circuits 20... Is input to the other resonance circuits 20. Signals are transmitted to and received from each other, and mutual resonance between strings is realized. The sound system 45 may be any sound system such as a sound board 26 and an electromagnetic driving body / vibration body attached to the sound board 26 as long as sound can be generated.

  Such electromagnetic driving bodies / vibrators are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-176758, Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-158002, Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-122922, Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-114952, Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-6863, Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-353536, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-353536. 2006-353535, Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-328005, or the drawings.

  The resonance circuit 20 is inputted with operation amount data d from a damper operation amount circuit 60 and an operation amount data circuit 30 described later, and the range of the resonance frequency band and the magnitude / level of the resonance signal are controlled.

  In the case 27 such as the keyboard device, that is, the soundboard 26, the soundbar, the roof, the keyboard cover, the shelf, the side plate, the frame, the foot, the earth, the arm, the upper front side plate, the lower front side plate, the bottom plate, the outer plate, etc. The same vibration conversion elements 28 as the shock conversion elements 21 are built in or attached to the surface. The case 27, the soundboard 26, and the like are impacted and vibrated by the musical sound emitted from the speaker or the electromagnetic driving body / vibration body in the sound system 45, that is, the initial impact signal and the resonance signal. The outer plate is a general term for plate portions surrounding the apparatus such as the soundboard 26, the side plate, the upper front side plate, the lower front side plate, the bottom plate, the roof, the lid, and the keyboard lid.

  In the vibration conversion elements 28..., The impact / vibration in the case 27 or the sound board 26 is converted into an electric signal. The name of this electric signal is a soundboard / case signal. The soundboard / case signals are sampled by the sampling circuits 41..., Converted into digital data by the A / D converters 42, and sent to the resonance circuits 20.

  In the resonance circuit 20..., The above soundboard / case signal is subjected to digital resonance processing, and the case 27, that is, the soundboard 26, the soundbar, the roof, the keyboard cover, the shelf, the side plate, the frame, the foot, the earth, the arm, the upper front Resonance processing according to resonance in the side plate, lower front side plate, bottom plate, outer plate, etc., and initial shock signals and resonance signals from the other resonance circuits 20 are mixed and synthesized, and the soundboard 26, case 27 and string are mixed. Resonance processing is performed according to the resonance.

  The resonance-processed soundboard / case signals from the resonance circuits 20 are added by the adder 43, converted into an analog signal by the DA converter 44, and the sound system 45 (amplifier, speaker, soundboard 26, etc.). ) Is emitted. The adder 43 may not be inputted with all the initial shock signals subjected to resonance processing, and may add and synthesize only some of the initial shock signals subjected to resonance processing.

(3) Resonant circuit 20 (first embodiment)
FIG. 3 shows the resonance circuit 20. The initial shock signal from the A-D converter 42 passes through the converter 31 and the delay device 32, passes through the adder 22, is delayed by the delay device 23, and is output. The resonance circuit 20 is provided corresponding to each key 11 of a keyboard device (including a keyboard instrument). Therefore, this initial impact signal is output for each key 11 and has a frequency corresponding to the pitch of each key 11. This initial impact motion signal is a musical tone signal based on the sounding / mute operation of each key 11. Is output as

  In the converter 31 (multiplier), the magnitude of the initial impact motion signal is changed according to the input parameter. In the delay unit 32, the magnitude of the initial impact motion signal is changed according to the input parameter. These magnitude parameters and delay parameters are supplied fixedly in advance.

  Such magnitude control and delay control are executed by only two of the three resonance circuits 20. Also, the magnitude parameters and / or delay parameters of the two resonance circuits 20 are different, and the magnitudes and delay amounts to be changed are not the same but different. Further, only the magnitude may be controlled in one resonance circuit 20, and only the delay may be controlled in the other resonance circuit 20.

  As a result, among the three resonance circuits 20 of the one key, except for the feedback resonance, one does not change the size or is delayed, and the other two exclude the feedback resonance and the other two are the size change amount. Alternatively, the delay amounts are different from each other. Therefore, it is possible to individually realize a plurality of string musical tones in one key. The number of the three resonant circuits 20... Of one key may be two or more than three.

  The magnitude parameter and / or the delay parameter are stored in a memory by a CPU (not shown) when the keyboard device is powered on, and sent to the converter 31 and the delay device 32. The value of the magnitude parameter or / and the delay parameter may be changed according to musical factors such as the key 11..., Timbre, pitch, and touch.

  The output initial impact signal is fed back to the adder 22 through the filter 24, the converter 25, and the clipping circuit 29, and is added to the initial impact signal from the AD converter 42. By this feedback, the initial impact signal resonates at a specific frequency and a specific frequency band. This resonance frequency is changed by the delay amount of the delay devices 23... And the resonance frequency band is changed by the cut-off frequency value of the filter 24.

  The value of the manipulated variable data d (parameter) sent to the delay unit 23 is set so that the resonance frequency / resonance frequency generated by the delay of the delay unit 23 corresponds to the pitch of the corresponding key 11. Is done. The value of the operation amount data d (parameter) sent to the converter 25 is set so that the resonance level / resonance level generated by the level control of the converter 25 corresponds to the volume of the corresponding key 11. .

  The filter 24 receives the manipulated variable data d of the damper pedal 61, and the frequency band in which the initial impact signal that is fed back is resonated broadens toward the high frequency range during the on operation, or decreases to the low frequency range during the off operation. The phase of the initial impact signal is changed and controlled.

  The operation amount data d of the damper pedal 61 is input to the converter 25, and the amplitude / level / magnitude of the returned initial impact signal is increased during the on operation or decreased during the off operation. The amplitude / level / magnitude of the shock signal is changed and controlled.

  The operation amount data d of the damper pedal 61 includes half pedal operation information intermediate between the ON operation of the damper pedal 61 and the OFF operation. As a result, the magnitude of the returned initial impact signal is set to an intermediate between the magnitude when the damper pedal 61 is turned on and the magnitude when the damper pedal 61 is turned off. Further, the operation amount data d of the damper pedal 61 of the initial impact signal to be returned is set to the middle between the band when the damper pedal 61 is turned on and the band when the damper pedal 61 is turned off.

  The filter 24 receives ON / OFF of the corresponding key 11 and operation amount data d intermediate between them, and the frequency band in which the initial shock signal to be fed back is resonated widens toward the high sound range when the ON operation is performed. Or narrowed toward the low frequency range during the off operation. The converter 25 receives the operation amount data d of the corresponding key 11, and the amplitude / level / magnitude of the returned initial impact signal is increased during the on operation or decreased during the off operation. .

  When the operation amount data d of the damper pedal 61 or the corresponding key 11 exceeds “1”, it increases, and when it is less than “1”, it decreases. The initial impact signal is a digital signal, and is sampled at a predetermined cycle by the sampling circuit 41. The delay unit 23 has the same delay time as this sampling cycle, an integer multiple (n times) or an integer fraction ( 1 / n) time delay.

  Each of the delay devices 23... Depends on each pitch, and this delay time is determined according to each pitch. If the delay time is long, the resonance frequency is low, and the frequency / pitch of the resonance signal output from the resonance circuit 20 is also low. If the delay time is short, the resonance frequency is high and the resonance output from the resonance circuit 20 is low. The frequency / pitch of the signal is also increased, and the resonance signal has a pitch corresponding to each key. Therefore, each delay time of each delay device 23 of each resonance circuit 20 depends on the pitch of the corresponding key, and the parameter of the delay time of this delay device 23 is also determined according to this pitch. .

  When narrowed toward the low sound range, it is not narrowed beyond a predetermined frequency value. In order to prevent this narrowing, the manipulated variable data d is limited to a certain value or less or more than a certain value so that the cutoff frequency of the resonance circuit 20 becomes larger than a certain value. Content is regulated. Thereby, this frequency value is realized corresponding to a plurality of keys 11 in a specific high frequency range without a damper among the keys 11.

  In the clipping circuit 29, the level of each initial impact signal that is fed back and subjected to resonance processing is limited so as not to exceed a certain value, or the increase / decrease is moderated or gradually saturated. As the clipping circuit 29, a converter circuit (decoder, encoder, ROM) or the like is used. When the input value exceeds a certain value, the output value is saturated, gradually increases, or hardly increases. As a result, when the feedback amplitude / resonance amplitude of a string of a keyboard instrument or other musical instrument exceeds a certain value, the string touches the damper, and the feedback amplitude / resonance amplitude / resonance amplitude exceeding the certain value of the string is suppressed. Realized.

  The clipping circuit 29 receives a damper fine motion signal, which will be described later, and the clipping value / saturation value / relaxation increase / decrease range changes with the period of the damper fine motion signal. As a result, the damper of the keyboard instrument or other musical instrument vibrates in small increments due to vibration, and the damper approaches or separates from the string, so that the position where the feedback amplitude / resonance amplitude / resonance amplitude of the string is suppressed changes. Realized.

  The size of the manipulated variable data d is finely changed in addition to the above, and the frequency of this fine change (damper fine motion signal described later) is from the lowest pitch frequency of each key 11 to the highest pitch. It is approximately between the frequencies, or matches the largest or largest resonance frequencies of the entire instrument. Therefore, the magnitude of the initial impact signal changes finely, and the resonated frequency band also changes finely. This realizes a state in which the damper of the keyboard instrument or other musical instrument vibrates in small increments by vibration or resonance, and the damper contacts or separates from the string.

  The initial shock signal subjected to resonance processing from the adder 22 is input to the adders 22 of one or more or all of the other resonance circuits 20. Further, one, a plurality, or all of the initial shock signals subjected to resonance processing from the other resonance circuits 20... Are input to the adder 22.

  The resonance circuit 20... Corresponding to the key 11 having a pitch ratio / frequency ratio that is an integral multiple of each other is selected as the initial shock signal subjected to resonance processing that is input / output or transmitted / received to / from each other. The integer multiple pitch ratio / frequency ratio is, for example, 1: 2, 1: 4, 2: 3, 2: 5, 3: 4, 3: 5, and the like. Such an integral multiple pitch ratio / frequency ratio has a high degree of resonance, and resonance of each string of the keyboard instrument is realized.

  Such a resonance circuit 20 is provided for each of the keys 11. However, a plurality of resonance circuits 20 may be combined, a plurality of initial impact signals may be processed by a time division process in one resonance circuit 20, and a plurality of resonance processes may be processed in parallel. In this case, the adder 43 is an accumulator.

  Of the keys 11..., The clipping circuit 46 and the manipulated variable data circuit 30 are not provided at all in a pitch higher than a predetermined pitch, for example, one octave or two octaves on the high pitch side. Accordingly, in the high sound range, various controls such as the change in the resonance state described above are not performed.

  For example, in this high-pitched key range, the level of the resonated initial shock signal is not clipped, and the clipping value / saturation value / relaxation increase / decrease range does not change in the first place. Also, there is no change in clipping value / saturation value / relaxation increase / decrease range due to the damper fine motion signal. Thereby, the musical tone of the string without the damper of the high range of a keyboard instrument is implement | achieved.

  In addition, in a key range higher than a predetermined pitch, for example, one octave or two octaves on the high pitch side, depending on the on / off operation of the damper pedal 61 or the function of the damper, the damper operation amount data is not changed, and the resonance The resonant frequency band of the circuit 20 is not changed. Thereby, the musical tone of the string without the damper of the high range of a keyboard instrument is implement | achieved.

  Further, in a key range higher than a predetermined pitch, for example, one octave or two octaves on the high pitch side, the key operation amount data is not changed depending on the sound generation operation or mute operation of the key 11 or the function of the damper. The 20 resonated frequency bands are not changed. Thereby, the musical tone of the string without the damper of the high range of a keyboard instrument is implement | achieved.

  In addition, in a higher pitch than a predetermined pitch, for example, one octave or two octaves on the high pitch side, the damper operation amount data is not changed depending on the on / off operation of the damper pedal 61 or the function of the damper. The magnitude / level of the resonated initial shock signal / electrical signal / resonant signal to be fed back is not changed. Thereby, the musical tone of the string without the damper of the high range of a keyboard instrument is implement | achieved.

  Further, in a key range higher than a predetermined pitch, for example, one octave or two octaves on the high pitch side, the key operation amount data is not changed depending on the sound generation operation or mute operation of the key 11 or the function of the damper. The magnitude of the feedback / resonant initial shock signal / electrical signal / resonance signal magnitude / level in 20 is not changed. Thereby, the musical tone of the string without the damper of the high range of a keyboard instrument is implement | achieved.

  The initial impact signals resonated by the resonance circuits 20 are input to the other resonance circuits 20 and the resonated initial impact signals of the resonance circuits 20 are transmitted and received to realize mutual resonance between the strings. Is done. Therefore, each of the resonated initial shock signals of a certain resonance circuit 20 is fed back and resonated while being mixed by the adders 22 and 52 with the other resonated initial shock signals.

  The waveform shape (clipping), magnitude / level, and resonance frequency band of each resonated initial shock signal sent to the other resonance circuit 20 are as follows: damper pedal operation amount, half pedal, key operation It varies depending on the quantity, the magnitude / level of the damper fine motion signal, the musical factor such as the resonance degree, and the like.

  However, since the clipping circuit 46 and the operation amount data circuit 30 are not provided at all in a key range higher than a predetermined pitch, for example, one octave or two octaves on the high sound side, the operation amount of the damper pedal 61 and the damper pedal 61 Even if there is a change in the amount of operation of the half pedal, the other keys 11, the magnitude / level of the damper fine motion signal, the musical factor such as the resonance degree, etc., each of the resonated resonances sent to the other resonance circuits 20. The initial impact signal does not change.

  Therefore, when the pitch is higher than the predetermined pitch, the initial impact signal of the treble is always synthesized with the initial impact signals of other pitches, and the operation amount of the damper pedal 61, the half pedal of the damper pedal 61, and the other keys 11 The amount of synthesis does not change even if there are changes in the operation amount, the magnitude / level of the damper fine motion signal, and musical factors such as the degree of resonance. Thereby, the musical tone of the string without the damper of the high range of a keyboard instrument is implement | achieved.

  The parameters sent to the converters 31 and 25 are slightly different in the three resonance circuits 20 in the one key 11, and the resonance level / resonance level is in the three resonance circuits 20 in the one key 11. Slightly different. Further, the parameters sent to the delay devices 32 and 23 are slightly different in the three resonance circuits 20 in the one key 11, and the resonance frequency / resonance frequency / phase / delay amount is 3 in the one key 11. The resonance circuits 20 are slightly different. The phase / delay amount of the initial shock signal is changed by the delay amount of the delay device 32, and the resonance frequency / resonance frequency of the initial shock signal is changed by the delay amount of the delay device 23.

  Therefore, although there is only one impacted body 1 and there is only one initial impact signal, three / multiple string musical tones in one key are individually separated by three resonance circuits 20. Can be realized. There may be two, three, or a plurality of impacted bodies 1 per key 11, and one impacted body 1 may be provided for each resonance circuit 20.

  The resonance frequency / resonance frequency / phase / delay amount of the three resonance signals / resonance signals in the three resonance circuits 20 in such one key 11 are shifted from each other by 1/100 or 1/50 to 1/50. ing. As a result, a beat effect can be produced on the musical tone of one key 11.

  Such a shift in the resonance frequency / resonance frequency / phase / delay amount of the three resonance signals / resonance signals in one key 11 includes the pitch of the key 11, the touch of the key 11, the tone, the elapsed sound generation time, Change control is performed in accordance with musical factors such as the degree of resonance between the key 11 and the other keys 11 that are sounding and the degree of resonance of the entire keyboard device. This changes the beat state and beat frequency of one key 11 according to musical factors.

  In this case, with respect to the pitch, pitch data is stored corresponding to each key 11... The operated key 11 is detected, and pitch data corresponding to the detected key 11 is read. The operation amount data d / parameter sent to the delay devices 23 and 32 and the converters 25 and 31 of the three resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11 is arithmetically synthesized.

  As for the touch, touch data from a touch sensor provided for each key 11... Is fetched, and this touch data is the delay devices 23 and 32 of the three resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11 and the converter 25. , 31 is subjected to arithmetic synthesis such as addition to the operation amount data d / parameter.

  Further, with respect to the timbre, the operation amount data d / parameter correction data corresponding to the timbre selection switch is stored, and the operation amount data d / parameter correction data corresponding to the selected timbre selection switch is stored in the one timbre. The operation amount data d / parameter sent to the delay devices 23 and 32 and the converters 25 and 31 of the three resonance circuits 20 of the key 11 are arithmetically synthesized such as addition.

  As for the sound generation elapsed time, the time count is reset / started from the key-on of the key 11, and the time count value is sent to the delay units 23 and 32 and the converters 25 and 31 of the three resonance circuits 20 of the key 11. The operation amount data d / parameter to be sent is arithmetically synthesized such as addition. This time count is executed in a time-sharing manner for each key 11... And reset / cleared when the corresponding key 11 is keyed off or after a predetermined time has elapsed since the keyoff.

  Further, with respect to the mutual resonance degree of the keys 11..., Resonance degree data indicating the mutual resonance degrees of the keys 11. In this resonance level data, the pitches of the keys 11 are arranged as row addresses and column addresses, and data indicating the resonance levels of the pitches measured in advance are stored corresponding to the pitches.

  Among the resonance data, the resonance data of all pitches of the sound generation / key-on are read out and subjected to calculation synthesis such as addition, and this calculation data is the delay of the three resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11. The operation amount data d / parameter sent to the devices 23 and 32 and the converters 25 and 31 are subjected to arithmetic synthesis such as addition.

  The resonance degree of the entire keyboard device is measured by measuring a plurality of frequencies (pitch) that resonate / resonate with the sound board, outer plate, frame, or case of the keyboard device, and the measured resonance frequency / resonance frequency ( In the same manner as the mutual resonance data of each key 11..., The resonance data is calculated and synthesized, such as addition, and the calculated data is a delay unit of the three resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11. 23, 32 and the operation amount data d / parameter sent to the converters 25, 31 are arithmetically synthesized such as addition.

  FIG. 13 shows three resonant circuits 20 for each key 11. Each of the three initial impact signals having different magnitudes or different delay amounts, which are resonated by the three resonance circuits 20 of one key, are input to the other resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11 and are resonated. The initial shock signals resonated by the circuits 20 are mutually transmitted and received, and mutual resonance between the strings within one key 11 is realized.

  Therefore, a part or all of the initial impact signals are synthesized with respect to the initial impact signals resonated by the resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11, and the plurality of initial impact signals are also resonated / resonated. Therefore, each of the resonated initial shock signals of a certain resonance circuit 20 is fed back and resonated / resonated while the other resonated initial shock signals are mixed by the adders 22 and 52. Thereby, the resonance of the three musical sounds of one key is also realized.

  When such mutual resonance / resonance of each initial impact signal and each resonance signal / resonance signal for each key 11 is executed, the resonance / resonance point R1c shown in the resonance characteristics / resonance characteristics of FIG. The number of R2c, R3c, R1b, R2b, R1d,. Further, the number of peaks at one resonance / resonance point R1c, R2c, R3c, R1b, R2b, R1d,.

  The three initial impact signals having different magnitudes or different delay amounts resonated in the three resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11 are also input to the three resonance circuits 20 of the other key 11, The initial shock signal / resonance signal resonated by the resonance circuit 20... Is mutually transmitted and received, and mutual resonance of the chords across the key 11.

  Furthermore, the initial impact signal resonated by the resonance circuit 20 of the key 11 without a damper is also input to the three resonance circuits 20 of the other keys 11 and the resonance circuit 20 of the key 11 without a damper. ... and the initial shock signal / resonance signal resonated by the resonance circuit 20 of the key 11 with the damper are mutually transmitted and received, and the key 11 with / without the damper ... the mutual resonance of the strings across each other is realized. .

  When mutual resonance / resonance of each initial shock signal and each resonance signal / resonance signal across the respective keys 11 is executed, the resonance / resonance points R1c and R2c shown in the resonance characteristics / resonance characteristics of FIG. , R3c, R1b, R2b, R1d,...

  In addition, the resonance / resonance signal in the case 27, the soundboard 26, the roof, the keyboard lid, the shelf, the side plate, the frame, the foot, the earth, the bracelet, the upper front side plate, the lower front side plate, and the bottom plate is the resonance circuit of the other key 11. 20 is also input, and the initial shock signal / resonance signal resonated between the resonance circuit 20 of the case 27 and the sound board 26 and the resonance circuit 20 of the key 11 is transmitted and received mutually. Mutual resonance between the plate 26 and the string is realized.

  When mutual resonance / resonance of each key 11..., Case 27 and soundboard 26 with each initial shock signal and each resonance signal / resonance signal is executed, the resonance characteristics / resonance characteristics shown in FIG. The number of resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c, R3c, R1b, R2b, R1d,.

  Thereby, resonance / resonance between the three strings of one key 11 can be realized, and resonance / resonance between the strings of each key 11 can be realized. Resonance / resonance between the strings of the key 11... Without the damper and the other keys 11 can be realized. The case 27, the soundboard 26, the roof, the keyboard lid, the shelf, the side plate, the frame, the foot, the soil, the arm, Mutual resonance / resonance between the upper front plate, the lower front plate, the bottom plate, and the like and each of the strings can be realized.

  Of these multifaceted and complex resonances / resonances, attack, decay, sustain, and release musical tones are formed in the envelope by spatial resonance / spatial resonance by the case 27, the soundboard 26, and the like. The sound of the attacked / decayed / sustained / released sound is formed by the sound of the impacted body / sounding body itself such as the string by the key 11 excluding the resonance / resonance by the case 27, the soundboard 26, etc. Instead, resonance / resonance of only the impacted body / sounding body is formed. Then, as shown in the connection relationship of FIG. 13, the initial impact signal and resonance / resonance signal of the impacted object resonance / impacted object resonance / sounding body resonance / sounding body resonance and the resonance / resonance of the spatial resonance / spatial resonance Further resonance / resonance with the signal is realized.

(4) Clipping circuits 29, 46, 76
FIG. 8 shows the clipping circuits 29, 46, 76 described above and below. The initial impact signal is limited by the clipping conversion table 81 (converter) so that the level of the input initial impact signal does not exceed a certain value, or the increase / decrease is moderated or gradually saturated and output. The

  A clipping function f (x) for realizing such a clipping characteristic is stored in the clipping memory 82 (table), and a point target characteristic is created around the origin by the damping amount calculation circuit 83. Further, the following manipulated variable data It is converted into a clipping function f (x + 1−d) −f (1−d) corresponding to d, and this is written in the clipping conversion table 71.

  FIG. 9 shows the clipping function f (x) stored in the clipping memory 82. The characteristic of this function is that the output signal level is changed with respect to the input signal. In the characteristics of the clipping function f (x), the input signal and the output signal are low in the portion where the level is low, and a signal having substantially the same or almost direct proportional relationship with respect to the level of the input signal is output. .

  In the characteristics of the clipping function f (x), in the portion where the level of the input signal and the output signal is high, the output signal does not change with respect to the change of the input signal, so that the output signal is saturated and does not exceed a certain value max. Limited to Between the saturation region and the direct proportion region, there exists a relaxation region where the increase / decrease in the output signal is moderate with respect to the increase / decrease in the input signal.

  FIG. 10 shows the clipping function f (x + 1−d) −f (1−d) stored in the clipping conversion table 81. The saturation region and the constant value max fluctuate up and down according to the operation amount data d. In a state where the damper pedal 61 is not depressed and released and the operation amount data d is the minimum “0”, the saturation region and the constant value max are almost “0”, the clipping amount is the maximum, and the level of the output signal is almost “ 0 ".

  Next, when the damper pedal 61 is depressed a little and the operation amount data d reaches d2 (d2> minimum), the saturation region and the constant value max increase and expand vertically, and f (x + 1−d2) −f in FIG. (1-d2), and the amount of clipping is reduced from the state where clipping is complete.

  Further, when the damper pedal 61 is depressed and the operation amount data d increases to d1 (d1> d2), the saturation region and the constant value max further increase and expand vertically, and f (x + 1−d1) − in FIG. f (1-d1), and the amount of clipping is further reduced.

  Next, when the damper pedal 61 is depressed to the maximum and the operation amount data d increases to the maximum d0 = “1” (maximum> d2), the saturation region and the constant value max increase or disappear, and f ( x + 1−d0) −f (1−d0) = f (x) −f (0), and there is no clipping amount.

  The above corresponds to the fact that when the damper pedal 61 is gradually depressed, the amount of contact of the damper with the string decreases and the clipping amount decreases. Further, when the damper pedal 61 is gradually released, the reverse of the above, the amount of contact of the damper with the string increases, and the clipping amount increases. As a result, when the feedback amplitude / resonance amplitude of a string of a keyboard instrument or other musical instrument exceeds a certain value, the string touches the damper, and the feedback amplitude / resonance amplitude / resonance amplitude exceeding the certain value of the string is suppressed. Realized.

  The manipulated variable data d also includes a damper fine motion signal. The damper vibrates in small increments due to vibration, and the damper approaches or separates from the string, thereby suppressing the feedback amplitude / resonance amplitude / resonance amplitude of the string. The state where the position to be changed is realized.

  Similarly to the state in which the damper pedal 61 is completely released, when the damper enters a key-off state in which the damper is completely in contact with the string, the operation amount data d becomes the minimum value “0”, and the saturation region and the constant value max are “ The clipping amount is maximized and the level of the output signal is almost “0”.

  FIG. 11 shows a state where the output signal is clipped with respect to the input signal (initial shock signal). Depending on the manipulated variable data d and the amplitude of the damper fine motion signal, the clipping amount increases or decreases as described above.

(5) Operation amount data circuit 30 and damper operation amount circuit 60
FIG. 4 shows an operation amount data circuit 30 and a damper operation amount circuit 60. A damper angle sensor 62 such as a potentiometer is provided at the base of the damper pedal 61. The damper operation amount data from the angle sensor 62 is converted into numerical damper operation amount data by the damper encoder 63.

  The damper pedal 61 is a pedal that moves the damper that stops the vibration of the strings of the keyboard instrument. When the damper pedal 61 is pressed, all the dampers are separated from all the strings, and the vibration / sounding of the strings is continued. If 61 is not pressed, all dampers will abut against all strings and vibration / sounding of the strings will be stopped.

  When the key 11 is turned on, only the damper corresponding to the key 11 is separated from the string, and the vibration / sounding of the string corresponding to the key 11 is continued. When the key 11 is turned off, the damper corresponding to the key 11 is continued. Only abuts against the string, and the vibration / sounding of the string corresponding to the key 11 is stopped.

  A damper mechanism or the like is connected to such a damper pedal 61, and an action mechanism or a string is connected to the key 11, but such a mechanism is provided in the damper pedal 61 and the key 11 of this apparatus. Absent. Of course, it may be provided.

  Such a damper pedal 61 may be a foot switch, a manual or foot-operating lever, a bender, a push button, a key button, a foot key, etc., as long as the same function as the damper pedal can be exhibited. Further, the key 11 may be a foot switch, a manual or foot movement lever, a bender, a push button, a key button, a foot key, etc., as long as the same function as the key of the keyboard instrument can be exhibited.

  The damper operation amount data of the damper pedal 61 is “0.5” or an intermediate predetermined value when the damper pedal 61 is a half pedal, and becomes “1” or the maximum predetermined value when the damper pedal 61 is further depressed step by step. When 61 is sequentially returned from the half pedal, it becomes “0.5” or smaller than the intermediate predetermined value, and when the damper pedal 61 is fully released, it becomes “0”.

  Key angle sensors 36... Such as potentiometers are provided at the base of each key 11. The key operation amount data from the key angle sensors 36 are converted into numerical key operation amount data by the key encoders 37, respectively.

  The key operation amount data of each key 11 becomes “1” or a predetermined value when each key 11 is pressed and sounded, and becomes “0” when each key 11 is restored and muted. In the key-pressed state, it takes “1” or an intermediate value between the predetermined value and “0”, and this value changes between “1” or the predetermined value and “0” according to the amount of pressing of the key 11. To do. The intermediate key pressing state may be the same as that of the half pedal, but this is only in the intermediate key pressing state key 11. With the damper pedal 61 on, off, and half pedal, all keys 11 are possible.

  The key operation amount data of each key 11 and the damper operation amount data of the damper pedal 61 are combined with each other by a converter 39... And other arithmetic circuits and input to the converter 25. As a result, resonance control is performed for each key 11 according to both the operation amount / operation state of each key 11 and the operation amount / operation state of the damper pedal 61, and the frequency band to be resonated or the magnitude of resonance is controlled. The resonance state changes.

  The change in the resonance state is not only the operation amount / operation state of the key 11 and the resonance in the resonance circuit 20 corresponding to the key 11, but also the operation amount / operation of the resonance circuit 20 corresponding to a certain key 11 and another key 11. Also occurs between states. This is because the resonance signal is transmitted and received between the resonance circuits 20.

  For example, when the damper pedal 61 is turned on, the damper operation amount data is input to all the resonance circuits 20..., So that the resonance state of the resonance circuit 20 increases or spreads across all the keys 11. . When the damper pedal 61 is turned off, the damper operation amount data is input to all the resonance circuits 20..., So that the resonance state of the resonance circuit 20 becomes smaller or narrower across all the keys 11.

  Further, for example, when the key 11 is turned on, the key operation amount data is input to the resonance circuit 20 corresponding to the key 11 that has been turned on, and thus the resonance circuit 20 of the key 11 that has been turned on. The resonance state increases or spreads, and the resonance spreads. When the key 11 is turned off, the key operation amount data is input to the resonance circuit 20 corresponding to the key 11 that has been turned off, so that the resonance state of the resonance circuit 20 of the key 11 that has been turned off. It becomes smaller or narrower and the resonance narrows. Thereby, the change of resonance / resonance according to the on / off operation of the key 11 is realized.

  At this time, if there is another key 11 that is turned on, the resonance signal from the resonance circuit 20 that corresponds to the key 11 that is turned on is a resonance signal that corresponds to another key 11 that is turned on. Input to the circuit 20. Therefore, the resonance circuit 20 corresponding to the key 11 that is turned on is added and synthesized by the adder 22 (52) with the resonance signal whose size is increased and the resonance band is widened. The resonance band is further expanded by further increasing the resonance band.

  In this way, synergistic / additive resonance between the keys 11. If the damper pedal 61 is in the half operation state and the key 11 is in the half operation state, the resonance state changes accordingly.

  The damper fine motion transmitter 64 receives the resonance frequency signal and outputs the damper fine motion signal. The resonance frequency signal is a signal indicating a resonance frequency at which the entire musical instrument / device is resonating, and the damper fine motion signal periodically varies in accordance with the resonance frequency.

  Resonance signals output from all the resonance circuits 20 are added and synthesized by an adder (not shown) to become a resonance frequency signal, which is level-controlled and output as it is as the damper fine motion signal. As a result, the frequency of the damper fine motion signal matches the highest resonance frequency, a plurality of resonance frequencies, or the total resonance frequency of the entire musical instrument.

  The damper fine motion transmitter 64 may be a programmable type digital transmitter in which the frequency to be transmitted changes according to the input parameters. In this case, the pitch of the key 11 being turned on is searched as needed, and the frequency data of the whole pitch being turned on is input to the damper fine motion transmitter 64 as the oscillation parameter.

  In this on pitch search, for example, an assignment memory (not shown) is searched for an on pitch, and the searched one having the highest envelope level is further searched. The frequency number data of the tone number data is stored in the damper fine motion transmitter 64. Such processing is executed at any time by the CPU and the program.

  The damper fine motion signal is also input to the converters 25. This damper fine motion signal is a signal corresponding to the fine motion in a state where the damper of the keyboard device is vibrating by the operation of the keys 11. The frequency of such a damper fine motion signal coincides with the highest resonance frequency, a large plurality of resonance frequencies, or the total resonance frequency of the entire musical instrument, and the frequency from the lowest pitch of each key 11 to the highest pitch. For the most part, for example, in the mid range of the keyboard device, a plurality of frequencies are mixed, but in some cases it is a single frequency.

  As a result, the magnitude of the initial impact signal / resonance signal / feedback electric signal changes finely, the resonated frequency band also changes finely, and the level of the resonance signal also changes. This also realizes a state in which the damper of the keyboard musical instrument or other musical instrument vibrates in small increments due to vibration, and the string touches or separates from the damper.

  Such a damper fine motion signal is output from the transmitter when the keyboard device power is turned on, or any of the keys 11 is turned on, or a memory in which the damper fine motion signal is stored. Or may be read from. When the keyboard device power is turned off, the output of the damper fine motion signal may be stopped when all the keys 11 are turned off.

  Musical factor data is also input to the converters 25. The musical factors include timbre data, touch data, pitch data, pronunciation elapsed time data, resonance data, and the like. The tone color data is a tone color of a musical tone that is generated / muted by the operation of the key 11, and is input by a switch for selecting a tone color on an operation panel (not shown). The touch data is supplied from a touch sensor such as a photocoupler provided on the corresponding key 11 in FIG.

  The pitch data is data indicating a pitch corresponding to the corresponding key 11 in FIG. 4 and is output when an operation of the key 11 is detected, and the angle sensor 36 or the key encoder 37 shell is output. The output signal is diverted. The sound generation elapsed time data indicates a result time from the key-on operation / sound generation operation of the key 11.

  The resonance degree data indicates the degree of resonance between the pitch of the key 11 in FIG. 4 and the pitches of the other keys 11. Resonance data is stored for each column address of all pitches and row addresses of all pitches in a table (not shown) or the like, and the pitch of the key 11 is input to the column address, and the other keys 11 that are sounding ... Is input to the row address, and the resonance degree data is read out. When there are a plurality of pitches of the other keys 11 during sound generation, a plurality of resonance degree data are read out, arithmetically synthesized such as addition, and input to the converter 39.

  Such resonance degree data can be input and set from a knob or the like by an operator's operation from an operation panel (not shown). In this case, the resonance degree data determines whether the operator makes the acoustic state of the entire keyboard device high in resonance or low in resonance. Such resonance degree data may be input to the programmable damper fine movement transmitter 64 as a parameter for determining a transmission frequency.

  Thus, the resonance band or / and the magnitude of the feedback electric signal / resonance signal / initial impact signal of the resonance circuit 20 of each key 11... Is a musical factor, that is, the pitch of the key 11, the touch of the key 11, Change control is performed in accordance with the tone color, the elapsed sound generation time, the degree of resonance with other keys that are sounding, and the state of resonance of the entire keyboard device, and the resonance state is also changed.

  Such an operation amount data circuit 30 is provided for each key 11..., And operation amount data d is calculated for each key 11. However, the damper pedal 61, the damper angle sensor 62, the damper encoder 63, and the damper fine motion transmitter 64 are provided in common for all the keys 11. In addition to the multiplication, the damper operation amount data and the key operation amount data are added according to how the numerical values are set, or are combined by other operations to calculate the operation amount data d.

  The musical factor data is also added or combined with a damper fine motion signal sent to the clipping circuit 46... By an adder, other arithmetic circuits, a converter (not shown), or the like. Thus, the clipping value / saturation value / relaxation increase / decrease range, that is, the predetermined value (threshold value) for gradual increase / decrease or clipping is the musical factor, the pitch of the key, the touch of the key, the timbre, the sound generation elapsed time The change control is performed in accordance with the degree of resonance between the key and another key that is sounding and the degree of resonance of the entire keyboard device.

  The damper operation amount data is also added / combined with the damper fine motion signal sent to the clipping circuit 46... By an adder, other arithmetic circuits, a converter (not shown) or the like. As a result, the clipping value / saturation value / relaxation increase / decrease range, that is, the predetermined value (threshold value) at which the increase / decrease is moderated or clipped is changed and controlled according to the damper operation amount or the half pedal operation.

  The key operation amount data is also added or combined with a damper fine motion signal sent to the clipping circuit 46... By an adder, other arithmetic circuits, a converter (not shown), or the like. As a result, the clipping value / saturation value / relaxation increase / decrease range, that is, the predetermined value (threshold value) at which the increase / decrease is moderated or clipped is changed and controlled according to the operation amount of the keys 11.

  In the converters 25, 31, and 39, a plurality of input data is converted and synthesized based on the stored information and output, and the same processing as other non-linear operations or linear operations such as multiplication is performed. An encoder, a ROM, or the like is used. The function of this converter is the same in the following converters 51, 53, 56, 59, 71, 72. The adders 43, 22, 52, 54, and 57 may be such converters.

(6) Resonant circuit 20 (second embodiment)
FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the resonance circuit 20. The initial shock signal from the A-D converter 42 passes through the converter 72 and the delay unit 73 and is output through the converter 51 and the adder 52. The output of the adder 52 is fed back to the adder 52 through the converter 53 and the adder 54, and then through the clipping circuit 76 and the delay unit 55, and is added and synthesized to the initial impact signal from the AD converter 42. The

  The output of the adder 52 is fed back to the adder 54 through a converter 56 and an adder 57, through a delay unit 58, and is added and synthesized to the fed back initial shock signal. The initial impact signal from the A / D converter 42 is input to the adder 54 through the converter 59. The initial impact signal from the A-D converter 42 is input to the adder 57 through the converter 71.

  Therefore, in the delay unit 58, the synthesized signal of the initial shock signal that has not been delayed and the returned initial shock signal is delayed. Further, in the delay unit 55, the combined signal of the initial shock signal that has not been delayed, the fed back initial shock signal, and the combined signal delayed by the delay unit 58 is delayed. The delay units 55 and 58 are delayed by the same delay time as the sampling period of the initial shock signal or an integral multiple (n times) or a fraction of an integer (1 / n).

  The delay time of each of the delay devices 55... 58 depends on each pitch, and this delay time is determined according to each pitch. If the delay time is long, the resonance frequency is low, and the frequency / pitch of the resonance signal output from the resonance circuit 20 is also low. If the delay time is short, the resonance frequency is high and the resonance output from the resonance circuit 20 is low. The frequency / pitch of the signal is also increased, and the resonance signal has a pitch corresponding to each key. Therefore, each delay time of each delay device 55... 58 of each resonance circuit 20 depends on the pitch of the corresponding key, and the parameter of the delay time of this delay device 55. It is decided according to.

  The converter 51, 53, 56, 59, 71 receives the operation data d of the damper pedal 61 or the corresponding key 11, and the amplitude / level / magnitude of the initial impact signal and the returned initial impact signal. Is controlled, and the resonating frequency band is controlled. A filter is constituted by all or part of the delay devices 55 and 58, converters 51, 53, 56, 59 and 71, and adders 52, 54 and 57 of the resonance circuit 20.

  The manipulated variable data d from the manipulated variable data circuit 30 is input to the converters 51, 53, 56, 59, 71 and 72. Similarly to the adder 52 of the first embodiment, the adder 52 receives resonance signals / electrical signals / initial impact signals from the other resonance circuits 20. Other configurations, operations, and operations in the present embodiment are the same as those in the above-described or other embodiments described later, and reference is made to the other embodiments for not being described in the present embodiment.

  The converter 72 and the delay unit 73 are the same as the converter 31 and the delay unit 32 in FIG. 3 described above, and the supplied magnitude parameter / delay parameter is also the same as that in FIG. As a result, musical sounds from three strings in one key can be realized, and mutual resonance of musical sounds from three strings in one key 11 is also realized.

  The parameters sent to the converters 72, 71, 51, 53, 56, 59 are slightly different in the three resonance circuits 20 in the one key 11, and the resonance level / resonance level is one key 11. The three resonant circuits 20 in FIG. Further, the parameters sent to the delay devices 73, 55, 58 are slightly different in the three resonance circuits 20 in the one key 11, and the resonance frequency / resonance frequency / phase / delay amount are one key 11. The three resonant circuits 20 in FIG. The phase / delay amount of the initial shock signal is changed by the delay amount of the delay device 73, and the resonance frequency / resonance frequency of the initial shock signal is changed by the delay amounts of the delay devices 55 and 58.

  Other configurations, operations, and effects of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and these descriptions are also described in the present embodiment. It is also described in the first embodiment. Other embodiments are referred to as not being described in the second embodiment, and embodiments other than the first embodiment are referred to as not being described in the first embodiment.

  In this case, the explanations of the converters 25 and 31 are also valid for the converters 72, 51, 53, 56, 59 and 71, and the explanations of the delay units 32 and 23 are for the delay units 73, 55 and 58. The explanation of the clipping circuit 29 also holds true for the clipping circuit 76.

(7) Changes in frequency band and magnitude of resonance signal FIG. 12 shows an outline of changes in the frequency band / resonance band and magnitude of the resonance signal (feedback electrical signal / initial impact signal) in the resonance circuit 20, resonance characteristics / resonance. Show the characteristics. In FIG. 12A, when a key 11 a having a certain pitch is pressed, an initial impact signal from the key 11 a is input to the resonance circuit 20. Further, the operation amount data d including the key operation amount data from the operation amount data circuit 30 is increased from “0” and is input to the resonance circuit 20. Accordingly, the vicinity of the frequency corresponding to the pitch resonates and the size increases.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 12B, when another key 11 b having a certain pitch is pressed, an initial impact signal from this key 11 b is input to the resonance circuit 20. Further, the operation amount data d including the key operation amount data from the operation amount data circuit 30 is increased from “0” and is input to the resonance circuit 20. Accordingly, the vicinity of the frequency corresponding to the pitch resonates and the size increases.

  At this time, the resonance signal (feedback electric signal / initial impact signal) from the resonance circuit 20 in the pressed keys 11a and 11b is input to the resonance circuit 20 in the key 11 that is not pressed. Therefore, the vicinity of the frequency corresponding to the pitch of the other keys 11 that have not been pressed slightly resonates and becomes a little larger.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 12 (c), when the damper pedal 61 is pressed and then the key 11b is keyed off, the operation amount including the damper operation amount data in the operation amount data circuit 30 of the key 11b that has been keyed off. Data d increases from “0” and is input to the resonance circuit 20. Therefore, the resonance near the frequency corresponding to the pitch of the key 11b that has been keyed off is maintained, and the size is maintained large.

  Even if the initial shock signal is not generated in the other non-pressed key 11 and is not input to the resonance circuit 20, the resonance circuit 20 in the non-pressed key 11 includes the pressed key 11a, A resonance signal (feedback electric signal / initial impact signal) from the resonance circuit 20 in 11b is input. Further, the operation amount data d including the damper operation amount data is increased from “0” in the total operation amount data circuit 30 and is input to the resonance circuit 20. Therefore, the vicinity of the frequency corresponding to the pitch of the other keys 11 that are not pressed resonates and becomes slightly larger.

  As a result, the damper pedal 61 is pushed, and the mutual resonance state / resonance state of all keys 11... (Each string, each pitch) is realized. At this time, since the initial shock signal is not input to the resonance circuit 20 in the key 11 that is not pressed, the magnitude of this resonance is smaller than when the key 11 is pressed.

  Further, the size of the pressed keys 11a and 11b in the vicinity of the frequency is further increased when the damper pedal 61 is pressed. This is because the resonance of the resonance circuit 20 in the other unpressed key 11 is additively synergized with the resonance of the resonance circuit 20 itself in the keys 11a and 11b.

  FIG. 6 shows an outline of changes in the frequency band / resonance band and the magnitude of the resonance signal (feedback electric signal / initial impact signal) in the resonance circuit 20, and the resonance characteristics / resonance characteristics. When the key 11 is not turned on and the damper pedal 61 is turned off, the key operation amount data and the damper operation amount data are both “0”. Accordingly, the magnitude of the resonance signal is “0”, and there is no frequency band / resonance band of the resonance signal. It is the state of A of FIG.

  When the key 11 is turned on, the key operation amount data becomes “1”, and the damper operation amount data remains “0”. Therefore, the frequency band / resonance band of the resonance signal widens from the low sound range to the high sound range, the cut-off frequency also moves to the high sound side, and the magnitude of the resonance signal increases. It will be in the state of B of FIG.

  When the damper pedal 61 is further turned on, the damper operation amount data becomes “1” and the key operation amount data also remains “1”. Therefore, the frequency band / resonance band of the resonance signal further spreads from the low sound range to the high sound range, the cut-off frequency is further moved to the high sound side, and the magnitude of the resonance signal is further increased. The state shown in FIG.

  When the damper pedal 61 is turned on while the key 11 is turned off, the damper operation amount data becomes “1” and the key operation amount data becomes “0”. Therefore, the frequency band / resonance band of the resonance signal further expands from the low sound range toward the high sound range, and the size of the resonance signal further increases. The state shown in FIG.

  In this state, since the key 11 is turned off, the resonance state is low and the resonance is small. However, since the damper pedal 61 is turned on and the damper is away from the string, even the off operation key 11 can realize a state where the string resonates and resonates. Here, when the key 11 is turned on, the state C is obtained.

  Here, when the damper pedal 61 is in a half-operated state, when the key 11 is in the on state, it is in an intermediate state between B and C in FIG. 6, and when the key 11 is in the off state, the above A and D in FIG. It becomes an intermediate state. When the key 11 is in a half-operated state, when the damper pedal 61 is in an off state, the key 11 is in an intermediate state between A and B in FIG. 6, and when the damper pedal 61 is in an on state, it is intermediate between the above C and D in FIG. It becomes a state.

  Thus, the frequency band / resonance band of the resonance signal, the cutoff frequency, and the magnitude of the resonance signal when the damper pedal 61 and the key 11 are in the half operation state are realized. In this way, the frequency band that can be resonated / resonated can be changed by the on / off operation of the damper pedal 61.

  Further, a damper fine motion signal is further supplied, and the characteristics of A, B, C, and D in FIG. 6 fluctuate vertically and horizontally. That is, the magnitude of the resonance signal slightly increases or decreases, the frequency band / resonance band expands from the low frequency range toward the high frequency range, or narrows toward the low frequency range, and the cutoff frequency is also on the high frequency side. Or move to the bass side. The period of change of the fine movement depends on the frequency of the damper fine movement signal.

  Here, the musical factor signal is supplied, and the musical factor, that is, the pitch of the key 11, the touch of the key 11, the tone, the elapsed time of sound generation, the degree of resonance with other keys during sound generation, the overall keyboard device, Depending on the resonance level, the magnitude of the resonance signal slightly increases or decreases, the frequency band / resonance band expands toward the high frequency range or narrows toward the low frequency range, and the cutoff frequency is also reduced. Move to the high end or move to the low end.

The frequency characteristics in FIG. 6 include locations R1c, R2c, R3c, R1b, R2b, R1d,... This is where the size increases due to resonance / resonance. The resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c,... Differ for each resonance circuit 20 ..., for each impacted body 1 ..., that is, for each string, for each pitch, and for the frequency corresponding to each pitch and its 2 The frequency is ⁿ times (n = 1, 2, 3,...), multiplied, or integer times.

  Since the resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c,... Are at positions corresponding to the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit 20, the initial shock signal and the resonance signal sent from the other resonance circuits 20 to the resonance circuit 20 are transmitted. Is also formed at a position corresponding to the resonance frequency in the resonance circuit 20. This realizes resonance between another pitch / key / string and the pitch / key / string.

  The number of such resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c,... Increases as the characteristic A → characteristic D → characteristic B → characteristic C in FIG. This is because when the damper pedal 61 is turned on, the resonance / resonance between the resonance circuits 20 increases, and the number of resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c,.

  Similarly, the same thing occurs when the key 11 is turned on, but it does not increase as much as when the damper pedal 61 is turned on. When the damper pedal 61 is operated by a half pedal, the number of resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c,...

  The resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c, R3c, R1b, R2b, R1d,... Each have three peaks. This corresponds to resonance / resonance points formed by the three resonance circuits 20 for each of the keys 11. Thereby, it can be said that the musical sounds in the plurality of strings in one key 11 can be realized, and the resonance of the plurality of musical sounds in one key 11 can also be realized.

  Here, the three peaks of each resonance / resonance point have different frequencies and different levels. This is because it corresponds to the resonance frequency / resonance frequency difference and resonance level / resonance level in the three resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11.

The mutual resonance / resonance between the three resonant circuits 20 ... in one key 11 or between the resonant circuits 20 ... over several or all of the keys 11 ... spans a very large number of frequencies / pitches. However, when an initial shock signal resonated in a certain resonance circuit 20 is sent to another resonance circuit 20, it is an integer multiple of the resonance frequency of the received resonance circuit 20 or 2 ⁿ (n = 1, 2, 3...). If it does not match or is close to, the transmitted resonated initial shock signal is attenuated. Therefore, even if the initial shock signal resonated between all the resonance circuits 20 is transmitted and received, the resonance / resonance points in each resonance circuit 20 are narrowed down to R1c, R2c,... Shown in FIG.

  From the frequency characteristics shown in FIG. 6, the filter coefficients, the parameters, and the operation amount data d of the filters 24 of the resonance circuits 20 are obtained by calculation on the desk. Alternatively, a plurality of combinations of these filter coefficients, parameters, and manipulated variable data d are input to the actual resonance circuit 20... And their frequency characteristics are measured repeatedly, and those having close frequency characteristics shown in FIG. And follow.

  Thus, the filter coefficient, parameter, and manipulated variable data d are obtained from the frequency characteristics desired to be realized. The operation amount data d determined here is a basic center value, and this center value is determined according to each of the key operation amount data, the damper operation amount data, the damper fine motion signal, and the musical factor. Fluctuated.

  Each of the filter coefficients, parameters, and manipulated variable data d of the three resonance circuits 20 of the key 11 corresponds to each of the three peaks of the resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c,. These three resonance signals / resonance signals are combined by the adder 43 to form the three peak resonance / resonance points R1c, R2c,. The frequency characteristic of FIG. 6 excludes the frequency characteristic of the noise sound component. In actual measurement, the frequency characteristic of FIG. 6 has some unevenness, and the frequency characteristic of the noise sound component has some unevenness in the high frequency range. Increase.

(8) Initial impact signal and resonance signal / resonance signal (experimental result)
FIG. 7 shows an example of an outline of the initial impact signal from the impacted body 1 and the resonance signal (resonance signal) in the resonance circuit 20. The initial impact signal from the impacted body 1 has a poor periodicity, a high irregularity, and a rapidly changing waveform. This initial impact signal decays quickly and is not persistent. The impacted body 1 is made of a material that immediately attenuates against the impact applied in this way, and has a structure that immediately attenuates.

  The resonance signal (resonance signal) in the resonance circuit 20 has a waveform that is rich in periodicity due to resonance, has high regularity, and has a stable change. This periodicity corresponds to resonance frequency / resonance frequency. This resonance signal (resonance signal) is gradually attenuated and is persistent. The resonance circuit 20 is thus subjected to the resonance processing / resonance processing corresponding to the pitch of the key corresponding to the initial impact signal, and the value of the manipulated variable data d is selected to realize this resonance / resonance. The

  Such an initial impact signal is different from the attack portion in the envelope, is different from decay, sustain and release in the envelope, and is not released. Because the attack, decay, sustain and release in the envelope are not only string vibration but also spatial and comprehensive formed by mutual resonance / resonance between the instrument case, outer case, soundboard, string, etc. However, this initial impact signal is a sound formed by an impacted body such as a string, an impacted body, or a sounding body itself, and excludes a sound formed by a space such as a soundboard. This is because that.

  In addition, when the key 11 is released / keyed off, the operation amount data d from the operation amount data circuit 30 suddenly becomes “0” or smaller, and the converters 25, 51, 53, 56, 59, 71 of the resonance circuit 20. Output data rapidly approaches “0”. Therefore, it does not decay gradually like a release. This is because, as described above, the resonance circuit 20 realizes a sound formed by the impacted body / sound generator itself, and is not a sound formed by a space such as a soundboard. However, releases are formed by instrument cases, external instruments, soundboards, etc., and attacks, decays, and sustains are also formed.

  In FIG. 7, the resonance signal (resonance signal) is shown short, but actually it is longer. The start point delayed by the initial delay of the resonance signal (resonance signal) is delayed by the delay time in the delay units 23, 55 and 58 or several times the delay time from the start point of the initial shock signal. Although the end portion of the initial impact signal and the beginning portion of the resonance signal (resonance signal) slightly overlap, the delay times in the delay units 23, 55, and 58 may be set so as not to overlap.

  The wave number / level of the resonance signal (resonance signal) is different for each shocked object 1... And for each key 11..., And has a frequency corresponding to each pitch of the key 11. Further, the waveform / frequency / level of the initial impact signal is different for each impacted body 1... And for each key 11. In some cases, the waveform / frequency / level of the initial impact signal may be the same for some or all of the impacted bodies 1... And for some or all of the keys 11. In this case, a part of the impacted body 1 is omitted, and the impacted body 1 is shared across a plurality of keys 11.

  The three resonance signals (resonance signals) in one key 11 are substantially the same as the resonance signal (resonance signal) in FIG. 7, but the signal start point is slightly different, the signal waveform period is also slightly different, The level is also slightly different. The signal start points are slightly different because the delay times of the delay devices 32 and 73 of the resonance circuits 20 in the key 11 are slightly different.

  The signal waveforms have slightly different cycles because the delay times of the delay devices 23, 55, 58 of the three resonance circuits 20 in the one key 11 are slightly different. The level of the signal is slightly different because the level converted by the converters 31, 25, 72, 51, 53, 56, 59, 71 of each resonance circuit 20 in one key 11 is slightly different.

(9) Moving average circuit 90 and interstring resonance circuit 100
14 to 19 show a second embodiment. FIG. 14 shows a part of the entire circuit in FIG. Each initial shock signal from each of the A / D converters 42 is subjected to digital resonance processing in the self-resonance circuit 120. In this resonance processing, the initial shock signal itself is fed back and resonance is added. Resonance processing is performed according to the operation, resonance by the operation of each key 11, and the resonated initial shock signal, that is, the resonance signal of the initial shock signal is output as a musical sound according to the sounding operation of the key 11.

  The resonance signal of the initial impact signal is subjected to a moving average process by the moving average circuit 90... To be a moving average signal. The multiplexer 101 is connected to the chord resonance circuit 100. Resonance processing (resonance processing) is performed.

  In this moving average process, a sudden rise or fall of the envelope of the initial impact signal is alleviated, and a slowly changing signal is obtained. By such moving average processing, the original essential impact component in the initial impact signal, that is, the original essential impact component of the impact of the impacted body 1 is extracted.

  In the resonance process, in addition to the resonance process according to the resonance between the strings, the resonance process according to the resonance state according to the operation state of the damper pedal 61, the operation state of each key 11, the property of the soundboard 26, and the like. Made. Each resonance signal (resonance signal) subjected to the resonance process is sent to the DA converter 44 via the adder 43.

(10) Self-resonant circuit 120
FIG. 15 shows the self-resonant circuit 120. This circuit 120 is substantially the same as the resonance circuit 20 in FIG. 3 or 5 described above. However, there is no input from other resonant circuits in the adders 22 and 52 and no output to other resonant circuits. Other configurations, operations, and actions are substantially the same as those of the resonance circuit 20 in FIG. 3 or FIG. The description of the resonance circuit 20 in FIG. 3 or FIG. 5 is also described here.

(11) Moving average circuit 90
FIG. 16 shows the moving average circuit 90. The resonance signal f (xk) of the initial impact signal is converted into an absolute value by an absolute value circuit 91, Mak-1 is subtracted by an adder 92, 1 / N is multiplied by a multiplier 93, and a multiplier 93 is further obtained. Then, Mak-1 is added, and further delayed by the delay unit 94. The output Mak-1 from the delay unit 94 is fed back to the adder 92 via the inverter 97 and also fed back to the adder 94.

  The inverter 97 is composed of an inverter group, and input data is inverted between plus and minus. The absolute value circuit 91 includes such an inverter. If the input data is positive, the absolute value circuit 91 outputs it as it is. If the input data is negative, the absolute value circuit 91 inverts it to a positive value and outputs it.

The output Mak-1 from the delay unit 94 is further multiplied by the resonance signal f (xk) of the initial impact signal by the multiplier 96 to obtain a moving average processed resonance signal, that is, a moving average signal fm (xk). Is output. This moving average process is represented by the following arithmetic expression (A).
fm (xk) = Mak = Mak-1 + (1 / N) {| f (xk) | -Mak-1} (A)

f (xk): resonance signal (input signal) of the initial impact signal at time k
N: Moving average length Mak: Moving average value at time k Mak-1: Moving average value at time k-1

  The moving average value Mak-1 at the time k-1 is a moving average value obtained by delaying the moving average value Mak at the time k by the delay device 95, and the moving average value Mak-1 is equal to the moving average value Mak. The value at the timing immediately before the digital processing. Instead of the moving average value Mak-1, the moving average value Mak-2 at the timing two times before may be used, the moving average value Mak-3 at the timing three times before, etc. may be used.

  The moving average length N indicates a section of the number of samples on which the moving average process is performed. As the moving average length N is longer, a sharp rise or fall change of the envelope due to the impact of the initial impact signal is removed, and smoother and smoother. The shorter the moving average length N, the shorter the time required for the moving average process, and the faster the process is performed.

  Such moving average length N can be changed in accordance with musical factors such as pitch, tone color, touch, and resonance. In this case, the moving average length N is stored in the memory for each of these musical factors, and musical factors such as pitch, tone, touch, resonance, etc. are supplied to the memory as read addresses, and the read moving average length is read out. N is sent to the multiplier 93 of the moving average circuit 90 through a register or the like.

  When the pitch is high, the moving average length N is shortened. When the touch is strong, the moving average length N is lengthened. When the tone changes from wind instrument → string instrument → percussion instrument, the moving average length N is lengthened and the degree of resonance is increased. Then, the moving average length N is shortened.

  In some cases, this characteristic may be reversed. In some cases, the moving average length N is constant for some or all of the pitches, some or all of the touches, some or all of the timbres, and some or all of the resonances, regardless of these musical factors. But you can.

  As described above, if the moving average length N is changed according to musical factors such as pitch, tone color, touch, resonance, etc., the level of the moving average signal fm (xk) = Mak also changes. This is because the multiplier 93 multiplies the moving average signal fm (xk) by the reciprocal 1 / N of the moving average length N, which is changed according to musical factors such as pitch, tone, touch, and resonance. It is.

  As the pitch increases, the level of the moving average (the value of the moving average signal fm (xk)) increases. When the touch increases, the level of the moving average increases. When the tone changes from wind instrument → string instrument → percussion instrument, it moves. The average value level increases, and the moving average value level increases as the degree of resonance increases.

  In some cases, this characteristic may be reversed. In some cases, the moving average value may be constant for some or all of the pitches, some or all of the touches, some or all of the timbres, and some or all of the resonances, regardless of these musical factors. Good. The resonance degree will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25, and further described in detail at the end of this specification.

  Further, the moving average length N can be changed by the damper operation amount. In this case, the moving average length N is stored in the memory for each damper operation amount, the damper operation amount data is supplied to the memory as a read address, and the read moving average length N is transferred to the above-mentioned movement via a register or the like. It is sent to the multiplier 93 of the averaging circuit 90.

  When the damper pedal 61 is depressed to increase the amount of damper operation, the moving average length N is increased. In some cases, this characteristic may be reversed. In some cases, the moving average length N may be constant for some or all of the damper operation amounts regardless of these damper operation amounts.

  As described above, if the moving average length N is changed according to the damper operation amount data, the level of the moving average signal fm (xk) = Mak also changes. This is because the multiplier 93 multiplies the moving average value fm (xk) by the reciprocal 1 / N of the moving average length N that is changed according to the damper operation amount data.

  When the damper pedal 61 is depressed to increase the amount of damper operation, the moving average signal fm (xk) = Mak is increased. In some cases, this characteristic may be reversed. In some cases, the moving average signal fm (xk) = Mak may be constant in part or all of the damper operation amount regardless of the damper operation amount.

  Note that another multiplier may be provided between the adder 92 and the adder 94, and data corresponding to musical factors such as pitch, tone, and touch may be input to this multiplier. The damper operation amount data from the damper operation amount circuit 60 may be input to the multiplier. As a result, the moving average length N is individually controlled not based on the musical factor and the damper operation amount, and the moving average signal fm (xk) = Mak is not individually linked based on the musical factor and the damper operation amount. Controlled.

  FIG. 17 shows an initial impact signal before the moving average process and an initial impact signal after the moving average process. The envelope of the initial shock signal before moving average processing is a waveform with sharp changes in the rise or fall, but the envelope of the initial shock signal after moving average processing has a sudden rise or fall. The waveform is relaxed and changes gradually. As the moving average length N becomes longer, the change becomes more gradual, and as the moving average length N becomes shorter, the change becomes richer.

  By such moving average processing, the steepness of the envelope of the initial impact signal is alleviated and a slowly changing signal is obtained. As a result, the original essential impact component in the initial impact signal or the resonance signal, that is, the original essential impact component or resonance component of the impact of the impacted body 1 is extracted. Resonance / resonance is realized.

  The moving average circuit 90 may be processed in a time division manner for a plurality of initial shock signals, for example, three initial shock signals. Thereby, the multiplexer 101 can be omitted. Such a moving average circuit 90 may be a circuit other than that shown in FIG. 16, or may be another circuit as long as it can perform a moving average process, or can be realized by a computer program. Such moving average processing is completely different from the low-pass filter processing, and is performed on the resonance signal of the initial impact signal having no periodicity. In addition to smoothing, the phase changes.

  Such a moving average process is executed after the process of adding resonance for the initial impact signal itself described above, and before the process of adding resonance between other key strings of different pitches described below. Executed. As a result, the resonance of the initial shock signal itself is executed with a drastic change, and the resonance between the key strings of other different pitches is executed with a gradual change, and the resonance of the initial shock signal itself is different from the resonance between the strings. Can be implemented with change.

(12) Interstring resonance circuit 100
FIG. 18 shows the inter-string resonance circuit 100. A plurality of resonance signals (moving average signals) fmi (xk) (here, the key identification number is i; the same applies hereinafter) subjected to moving average processing from the moving average circuit 90. The state is converted into a serial state, sequentially written in the resonance signal RAM 102, sequentially level-controlled by the multiplier 103, accumulated by the accumulator 104, and passed through the adder 43 to the DA converter 44. It is sent.

  FIG. 18 shows an example of string resonance for three keys, but string resonance for four or more and two or less keys is also possible. The resonance signal RAM 102 is divided into three areas (i) corresponding to three keys, and each area has a plurality of resonance signals subjected to the moving average process for one sampling period (k) of the three keys. (Moving average signal) fmi (xk) is sequentially written in a time division manner.

  When this one sampling period is composed of 128 sample points, the pointer k becomes 0 <k <127. The write address waik of the resonance signal RAM 102 is determined using the pointer k as a lower address and the area i as an upper address. The time division is executed by further dividing one sampling time into three.

  The write address data waik as described above in the resonance signal RAM 102 is supplied from the address generator 106. The write address data waik is incremented at a rate three times the sampling period. The write address data waik is incremented at a rate three times the sampling period and is generated in a time division manner. On the other hand, it is generated in a time-sharing manner at a cycle that is three times the area cycle of the read address data waik described below and nine times the sampling cycle.

  The delay table 105 includes delay data d11, d12, d13, d21, d22, d23, d31, d32, d33 for individually delaying each resonance signal (moving average signal) fmi (xk) subjected to moving average processing. Is remembered.

The delay data d11, d21, d31, d12, d22, d32, d13, d23, d33 are sequentially read out in this order in a time division manner, converted into the following read address data raji through the address generator 106, The resonance signal is supplied to the RAM 102.
raji = waik-dji ... (B)
waik has the sample pointer k as a lower address and the area i as an upper address. j is incremented by three times of one area period.

  The read address data raji is delayed by the delay data dji by being subtracted from the write address data waik, delayed by the delay data dji, and each of the written resonance averaged resonance signals. The (moving average signal) fmi (xk) is read with a delay of the delay data dji.

  In the level data table 107, level data l11, l12, l13, l21, l22, l23, l31 for individually controlling the levels of the resonance signals (moving average signals) fmi (xk) subjected to the above moving average processing, l32 and l33 are stored.

The level data l 11, l 21, l 31, l 12, l 22, l 32, l 13, l 23, l 33 are sequentially read in this order in a time division manner and supplied to the multiplier 103. As a result, each resonance signal multiplied by the moving average process and delayed is multiplied,
l11 × fm1 (xk-d11), l21 × fm2 (xk-d21), l31 × fm3 (xk-d31),
l12 × fm1 (xk-d12), l22 × fm2 (xk-d22), l32 × fm3 (xk-d32),
l13 x fm1 (xk-d13), l23 x fm2 (xk-d23), l33 x fm3 (xk-d33)
Are controlled individually for each sample timing in a time division manner.

    A latch pulse lp is sent from the address generator 106 to the accumulator 104, and each time the resonance signal gi (xk) for one sampling period is accumulated for the three keys, the adder 43 passes through the adder D. -A is sent to the converter 44.

  These delay data d11, d12, d13, d21, d22, d23, d31, d32, d33, and level data l11, l12, l13, l21, l22, l23, l31, l32, l33 are among the strings of the three keys. Based on the magnitude of resonance and the resonance frequency, the musical tones of the three keys of an actual acoustic piano are recorded, analyzed, and determined.

  In this analysis, by means of sampling processing, digital filter processing, etc., each delay data d is determined from the frequency of the resonance portion other than the musical tone component of the string itself, and each level data l is determined from the level. Further, in the inter-string resonance circuit 100, the delay data d and the level data 1 are changed one by one and determined when the actual resonance frequency and the resonance level of the acoustic piano are close to each other.

  As a result of the above-described resonance processing, each resonance signal (moving average signal) fmi (xk) that has been subjected to the moving average processing is subjected to delay and level control, and the resonance processing among the three keys is performed as a whole. The resonance signal gi (xk) subjected to the resonance processing is expressed by the following arithmetic expression.

g1 (xk) = fm1 (xk-d11) * l11 + fm2 (xk-d21) * l21 + fm3 (xk-d31) * l31 (C)
g2 (xk) = fm1 (xk-d12) * l12 + fm2 (xk-d22) * l22 + fm3 (xk-d32) * l32 (D)
g3 (xk) = fm1 (xk-d13) * l13 + fm2 (xk-d23) * l23 + fm3 (xk-d33) * l33 (E)

  The level data l11, l22, and l33 are zero. This is because the level data l11, l22, and l33 are not the resonance level from one pitch string to another pitch string, but represent their own resonance level at a certain pitch string, and are usually zero. . Therefore, the arithmetic expressions (C), (D), and (E) are as follows. In some cases, the level data l11, l22, and l33 may be values other than zero.

g1 (xk) = fm2 (xk-d21) * l21 + fm3 (xk-d31) * l31 (F)
g2 (xk) = fm1 (xk-d12) * l12 + fm3 (xk-d32) * l32 (G)
g3 (xk) = fm1 (xk-d13) * l13 + fm2 (xk-d23) * l23 (H)

When the delay symbol is represented by Z (-dji), the above arithmetic expression is as follows.
g1 (xk) = fm2 (xk) Z (-d21) * l21 + fm3 (xk) Z (-d31) * l31 (I)
g2 (xk) = fm1 (xk) Z (-d12) * l12 + fm3 (xk) Z (-d32) * l32 (J)
g3 (xk) = fm1 (xk) Z (-d13) * l13 + fm2 (xk) Z (-d23) * l23 (K)

  The arithmetic expressions (C), (D), and (E) can be expressed by the arithmetic expressions shown in (L) of FIG. Here, the condition is that the replacement by the matrix arithmetic expressions (M) and (N) in FIG. 19 is established.

  Further, the delay data d11, d12, d13, d21, d22, d23, d31, d32, d33 of the delay table 105 are expressed by a matrix operation expression (P) in FIG. Further, the level data l11, l12, l13, l21, l22, l23, l31, l32, l33 of the level table 107 are expressed by the matrix operation expression (Q) in FIG. Here, the condition is that the replacement by the matrix arithmetic expression (R) in FIG. 19 is established.

  A large number of such inter-string resonance circuits 100 are provided for each of the three keys 11, and a large number of inter-string resonance circuits 100 are provided for every three keys 11. All of the resonance signals gi (xk) from these multiple inter-string resonance circuits 100 are added and synthesized by the adder 43 and sent to the DA converter 44.

  The inter-string resonance circuit 100 performs resonance processing between itself and each other over three keys, but may perform string resonance processing over four or more keys or two or less keys. In response to this, the stored delay data d and level data l increase from 9 to 16, 25, 36..., And each resonance averaged by the moving average process stored in the resonance signal RAM 102 is stored. The number of signals (moving average signal) fmi (xk) and the number of time-division processing channels are also increased to 3, 4, 5, 6,.

  The above three keys are keys having different pitches adjacent to each other by semitones. However, it may be between separate pitches that are not adjacent to each other and can form a chord. Alternatively, these three keys may be keys of pitches that are adjacent to each other, and may be keys of pitches that are not adjacent to each other. Although the name “string resonance” is given, the resonance realized by this resonance processing is not limited to a percussion instrument, but may be a resonance of a bowed instrument, a wind instrument, a percussion instrument, or the like.

  The delay data dij and the level data lij can be changed according to musical factors such as a damper operation amount, pitch, tone color, touch, and the like. In this case, the delay data dij and the level data lij are stored in the delay table 105 and the level table 107 for each of these damper operation amounts and musical factors, respectively, and the damper operation amount data, pitch, tone color, A musical factor such as touch is supplied as a read address. Thereby, the resonance amount and the resonance frequency change according to the damper operation amount and the musical factor.

  When the pitch is high, the resonance amount is small and the resonance frequency is high, and when the damper operation amount is large, the resonance amount is large and the resonance frequency does not change.When the touch is strong, the resonance amount is large and the resonance frequency is high, and the timbre Is changed from wind instrument → string instrument → percussion instrument, the amount of resonance is increased and the resonance frequency is increased. In some cases, this characteristic may be reversed. In some cases, regardless of the amount of damper operation and musical factors, resonance occurs in part or all of the damper operation amount, part or all of the pitch, part or all of the touch, and part or all of the timbre. The quantity and resonance frequency may be constant.

  As described above, resonance is added to the initial impact signal itself, and after the moving average process is performed and the sharp change of the envelope is moderated, the string resonance process between the other key strings of different pitches is performed. If done, there will be no extra components in the resonance and the added string resonance will be purer. Such an inter-string resonance circuit 100 may be a circuit other than that shown in FIG. 18, for example, the resonance circuit 20 of FIG. 3 or FIG. 5 described above, or may be another circuit as long as resonance processing can be performed, or by a computer program. It is feasible.

  The resonance signal of the initial shock signal itself is a resonance signal, the moving average signal is a moving average signal, and the resonance signal is a resonance signal. It is.

(13) Part of the entire circuit (third embodiment)
FIG. 20 shows a third embodiment. FIG. 20 shows a part of the entire circuit in FIG. Each initial impact signal from each of the A-D converters 42 is subjected to digital resonance processing by the string vibration synthesis circuit 130, and in this resonance processing, the initial impact signal itself is fed back and resonance is added. Resonance processing is performed in accordance with the operation of the pedal 61, the resonance by the operation of each key 11, etc., and the resonated initial impact signal, that is, the resonance signal of the initial impact signal is output as a musical sound corresponding to the sounding operation of the key 11. Is done.

  In the string vibration synthesis circuit 130..., The above moving average process is also performed to obtain a moving average signal, and further, a resonance process (resonance process) is performed with another string of keys having different pitches. In this moving average process, the sudden rise or fall of the envelope of the initial impact signal is alleviated, and a slowly changing signal is obtained. By such moving average processing, the original essential impact component in the initial impact signal, that is, the original essential impact component of the impact of the impacted body 1 is extracted.

  In the resonance process, in addition to the resonance process according to the resonance between the strings, the resonance process according to the resonance state according to the operation state of the damper pedal 61, the operation state of each key 11, the property of the soundboard 26, and the like. Made. Each resonance signal (resonance signal) subjected to the resonance process is sent to the DA converter 44 via the adder 43.

  When the damper operation amount data of the damper pedal 61 and the key operation amount data are analog data or sampling data, they are converted into digital data by the AD converter 42 and sent to the string vibration synthesis circuits 130. It is.

  The string vibration synthesizer circuit 130 is provided in four, and is assigned to each of the four sound ranges of F6 to C8, F5 to E6, A4 to E5, and D # 4 to G # 4. An average and resonance process is performed. These string vibration synthesizing circuits 130... Perform self-resonance, moving average, and resonance in parallel for a plurality of keys / pitches over the above-mentioned sound ranges by time division processing. If the time division processing speed is high, the number of string vibration synthesis circuits 130 may be at least one. If the string vibration synthesis circuits 130 are inexpensive, the number of string vibration synthesis circuits 130 may be increased.

  The output of the string vibration synthesizing circuit 130 is subjected to effect processing such as reverb and echo by the post-processing circuit 131 as a whole, for each range or pitch, and is sent to the DA converter 44.

(14) String vibration synthesis circuit 130 and its peripheral circuit FIG. 21 shows the string vibration synthesis circuit 130... And its peripheral circuit. FIG. 21 shows a circuit per key / pitch, and the circuit shown in FIG. 21 is provided for all other keys. The circuit shown in FIG. 21 includes three identical string oscillation circuits 140. Is provided. The three string vibration circuits 140... Realize the vibration sound of the strings provided by three per key / pitch of the piano.

  Each initial shock signal for each key from the shock conversion elements 21 is sequentially written in the formant delay buffer 132 (RAM). In the formant delay buffer 132, initial shock signals for all keys are written in a time-division state. The formant delay buffer 132 receives formant waveform correction data from the tap data memory 134, and the time length of the formant is extended or shortened by a time corresponding to the correction data. The impulse response waveform (data) and the convolution calculation are executed by the multiplication accumulator 135 for the initial impact signal whose time length is controlled to be changed.

  The initial shock signal whose formant is controlled is sent to the post-processing circuit 131 through the multiplier 141, the adder 142, and the adder 143 in the string vibration circuit 140. Level data is sent from the level memory 144 to the multiplier 141, and the level of the initial impact signal is controlled. In this level control, the initial impact signal is not too large and not too small, and the magnitude is suitable for the keyboard device.

  The adder 142 adds and synthesizes an initial shock signal subjected to self-resonance and resonance processing described later, that is, a resonance resonance signal, and synthesizes a resonance resonance signal based on the initial shock signal with the initial shock signal. The resonance resonance signal is matched. The adder 143 adds and synthesizes the initial shock signal subjected to the self-resonance, moving average, and resonance processing from other strings of the same key / pitch, and generates the initial shock signal and the resonant resonance signal of one key / pitch. (1 key 3 string composite signal) is output.

  The initial impact signal subjected to the formant processing is sequentially written into a harmonic delay buffer 147 (filter, RAM) through an adder 146, delayed in accordance with the delay data, and further sent to a multiplication accumulator 148. . The multiplication accumulator 148 is fed with level data from the harmonic level memory 149 (filter, ROM) and is subjected to level control.

  The harmonic delay buffer 147 is delayed by the time corresponding to the delay data, and is sized according to the level data from the harmonic level memory 149. The multiplication accumulator 148 multiplies for this size, and these delays and multiplications. Are repeated and accumulated, and the self-resonance process corresponding to the resonance is executed on the own string.

  The harmonic delay buffer 147, the harmonic level memory 149, and the multiplication accumulator 148 perform the same self-resonance and resonance processing with other strings as the self-resonance circuit 120 of FIG. 15 and the inter-string resonance circuit 100 of FIG. . Therefore, these circuits can be replaced with the circuits of the self-resonant circuit 120 of FIG. 15 and the inter-string resonant circuit 100 of FIG. The contents of these self resonance and other string resonance will be described later.

  The resonant resonance signal from the multiplier accumulator 148 is fed back to the harmonic delay buffer 147 through the multiplier 152 and the adder 153 and then through the adder 146. Thereby, the resonance resonance signal (initial impact signal) itself is fed back and resonance is added, and the tone of one string of different strings of this same key according to the sounding operation of the corresponding key 11. Is output as

  Damper gain data from the gain table 154 is input to the multiplier 152, and the level of the resonance resonance signal is changed and controlled. The gain table 154 receives operation amount data d from the damper operation amount circuit 60 through the operation amount data circuit 30 and reads out the damper gain data. As a result, the self-resonance and the resonance with the other strings are made according to the operation of the damper pedal 61.

  The moving resonance circuit 151 performs a moving average process on the resonance resonance signal from the multiplication accumulator 148 through the multiplier 152. This moving average circuit 151 is the same as the above-mentioned moving average circuit 90. In this moving average circuit 151, the sudden rise or fall of the envelope of the initial impact signal is alleviated, and a slowly changing signal is obtained. .

  The resonance resonance signal subjected to the moving average processing by the moving average circuit 151, that is, such self-resonance, other string resonance, moving average initial shock signal, that is, the moving average resonance resonance signal, passes through the multiplier 155, The same key is input to the adder 146 of the string vibration circuit 140 of another string.

  As a result, resonance resonance signals from other strings are added and synthesized to the self-resonance, and resonance processing corresponding to resonance between three strings of the same key is performed. The multiplier 155 receives the same-key resonance level data from the level buffer 156, and changes and controls the amount of resonance between different strings of the same key.

  The resonance resonance signals of the three strings of the same key from the moving average circuit 151 are serialized in a time division manner through the multiplier 157 and the multiplexer 158, and are sequentially written in the resonance delay RAM 161. The other key resonance level data from the level buffer 159 is input to the multiplier 157, and the amount of resonance between different strings of other keys is changed and controlled.

  The resonance delay RAM 161 receives delay data from the resonance delay ROM 162 and is delayed by a time corresponding to the delay data. The delayed resonance resonance signal from the resonance delay RAM 161 is multiplied by the level data from the resonance level ROM 164 by the multiplication accumulator 163, and is executed in time division for each other pitch / key with which they resonate. Accumulation is performed, and resonance processing between strings is executed over the entire pitch / key.

  The resonance resonance signal (inter-key resonance signal) between the strings from the multiplication accumulator 163 is fed back to the harmonic delay buffer 147 through the adders 153 and 146. Therefore, resonance with other keys / pitches is added to the self-resonance in the own string.

  The resonance resonance signal to be subjected to resonance processing is multiplied by the damper operation amount data d by the multiplier 152, so that resonance processing according to the resonance due to the operation state of the damper pedal 61 is performed. The resonance resonance signal (inter-key resonance signal) from the multiplication accumulator 163 is sent to the resonance delay RAM 161 of another key.

  The resonance resonance signal from the other key is written into the resonance delay RAM 161 via the multiplexer 158 and synthesized with the resonance resonance signal of another key. Therefore, resonance processing between strings is executed over all pitches / keys.

  The multiplexer 158 may also receive a combined initial impact signal (one key and three strings combined signal) for three strings of the same key from the adder 143. As a result, the resonance processing between the strings over the other keys / pitches is executed even with respect to the initial impact signal of three strings of the same key, that is, one key / pitch.

  The moving average circuit 151 may be provided not only on the output side of the multiplier 152 but also in the following various locations. The moving average circuit 151 may be provided between specific or all multipliers 152 and adders 153 or on the input side of the multiplier 152. As a result, a specific moving average can be added by distinguishing the self-resonance of one string from the self-resonance and resonance of other strings, and the content of the moving average processing in the self-resonance of a specific string is The content of the moving average process can be different.

  The moving average circuit 151 may be provided on the input side or output side of a specific or all multipliers 155. As a result, resonance between specific strings can be distinguished from other resonance resonances, and a specific moving average can be added. The content of the moving average process in the resonance between specific strings is the same as the content of the moving average process in the resonance between other strings. Can be different.

  The moving average circuit 151 may be provided on the input side or output side of the specific or all multipliers 157. As a result, a specific moving average can be added to the resonance with another key / pitch in distinction from the other resonance resonance, and a moving average process in resonance from a specific string to another pitch / other key can be performed. May be different from the content of the moving average process in other strings or other pitch / key resonances / resonances.

  The moving average circuit 151 may be provided on the input side or output side of the specific or all adders 153. This allows a unique moving average to be added to other resonances of the same string of its own string, distinguishing it from other resonance resonances, and movement in resonance from other pitches / resonances from other keys to a particular string. The content of the averaging process can be different from the content of the moving average process in other strings or other pitch / key resonances / resonances.

  The moving average circuit 151 may be provided on the input side or the output side of the specific or all adders 142 and 143 and the multiplier 141. As a result, a specific moving average can be added to the initial shock signal of a specific string to distinguish it from the resonance resonance of other strings / keys / pitches. Other string / pitch / key initial shock signals or different from the content of moving average processing in resonant resonance.

  The moving average circuit 151 may be provided on the output side of the specific or all adders 143. As a result, a specific moving average can be added to the initial shock signal of a specific three string / key / pitch, in distinction from the initial shock signal or resonance resonance of other three strings / key / pitch, and a specific 3 string / key / pitch initial shock signal. The content of the moving average process in the initial shock signal of the string / key / pitch may be different from the content of the moving average process in the initial shock signal of other strings / pitch / key or resonance resonance.

  A moving average circuit 151 may be provided between specific or all multipliers 152 and adders 142. This allows a unique moving average to be added to the resonance resonance of the initial shock signal on one string of a key, distinct from the initial shock signal or resonance resonance of other strings / keys / pitch, The contents of the moving average process in resonance of the initial shock signal can be different from the contents of the moving average process in other string / pitch / key initial shock signals or resonance resonance.

  The output of the adder 143 may be input to the multiplexer 158, and the moving average circuit 151 may be provided between the specific or all adders 143 and the multiplexer 158. This allows a unique moving average to be added to the initial impact signal of three strings of the same key, that is, one key / pitch, in distinction from other resonant resonances, and the resonance between specific pitches / keys. The contents of the moving average process in can be different from the contents of the moving average process in the resonance between other pitches / keys.

  A moving average circuit 151 may be provided on the output side of a specific or all multiplication accumulator 163. This makes it possible to distinguish a resonance from a specific string to another key / other pitch from other resonance resonances and add a specific moving average, and a moving average process at a specific pitch / key resonance. The content of can be different from the content of the moving average process in the resonance between other pitches / keys.

  21 are provided, and these three string vibration circuits 140 are subjected to different resonances, different moving averages, and different resonance processes, and the same initial impact signal. Different resonant resonance signals are generated. Resonance resonance signals from the respective string vibration circuits 140... Are transmitted and received to realize resonance between three strings having the same key / pitch.

  Such an output of the string vibration circuit 140 may be sent to a soundboard drive mechanism 171 shown in FIGS. As a result, the soundboard 26 is driven and emitted by the resonance resonance signal subjected to the moving average process. The number of string vibration circuits 140 may be four or more or two or less. The circuit of FIG. 21 such as the string vibration circuit 140 and the string vibration synthesis circuit 130 may correspond to a harpsichord, a stringed instrument, a wind instrument, and a percussion instrument in addition to those corresponding to a piano string.

(15) Formant delay buffer 132, formant level memory 133, tap data memory 134
FIG. 22 shows the data structure of the formant delay buffer 132, formant level memory 133, and tap data memory 134.

  In the formant delay buffer 132 (RAM), initial impact signals of 32 bits per word are sequentially stored for 1024 words. In FIG. 22 (1), the right side is new and the left side is old. Then, the word corresponding to the portion for changing the time length of the formant is read.

  The formant level memory 133 (ROM) stores level data of 32 bits per word for 1024 words. Then, level data corresponding to the level at which the time length of the formant is changed is read out.

  The tap data memory 134 stores delay data of 16 bits per word for 1024 words. Then, delay data corresponding to the time length for changing the time length of the formant is read.

(16) Harmonic delay buffer 147, harmonic level memory 149
FIG. 23 shows the data structure of the harmonic delay buffer 147 and the harmonic level memory 149.

  The harmonic delay buffer 147 stores resonance resonance signals of 32 words per word for 2048 words. In this harmonic delay buffer 147, resonance resonance signals for 12 sounds from C5 to E6 are sequentially written. The other resonance resonance signals of the key / pitch are sent from the multiplication accumulator 163 and are sequentially delayed and outputted.

  The harmonic level memory 149 stores level data of 32 bits per word for 1024 words. The harmonic level memory 149 stores level data for 12 sounds from C5 to E6. The level data for each key / pitch is sequentially multiplied by the resonance resonance signal for each key / pitch. Since this resonance resonance signal is fed back, it has twice the capacity of the level data.

(17) Resonance delay RAM 161, resonance delay ROM 162, resonance level ROM 164
FIG. 24 shows the data structure of the resonance delay ROM 162. FIG. 25 shows the data structure of the resonance level ROM 164. FIG. 26 shows the data structure of the resonance delay RAM 161.

  The resonance delay ROM 162 in FIG. 24 stores 12 × 12 = 144 pieces of delay data for resonating each of the twelve sounds from C5 to E6. Further, resonance with other octaves (sound ranges) is stored. 12 + 12 + 1 = 25 delay data to be realized is also stored. When the degree of resonance between the pitches increases, each value of the delay data also decreases and the delay amount decreases.

  In FIG. 24, the vertical column indicates the delay data given to each pitch at the upper edge. For example, the third D5 pitch from the left on the upper edge stores delay data D02, D12,... Corresponding to the resonance from the pitches C5 to E6 on the left edge to the D5. In the other octave (sound range) at the upper right, delay data D0C, D1C,... Corresponding to resonance from the pitches C5 to E6 on the left edge to the other octave (sound range) are stored.

  In FIG. 24, the horizontal row indicates the delay data given to the other pitches on the left edge. For example, the fifth F5 pitch from the upper left edge stores delay data D40, D41,... Corresponding to the resonance from the F5 for each pitch C5 to E6 on the upper edge. In the other octave (sound range) at the lower left, delay data DC0, DC1,... Corresponding to the resonance from the other octave (sound range) with respect to the pitches C5 to E6 on the upper edge are stored.

  Among these, the same pitches and the same other octaves (tone ranges) do not resonate and are “0”. However, in some cases, a value other than “0” may be stored. Such 144 + 25 level data are stored in a multiplexed manner for other octaves. Such delay data D represents the degree of resonance.

  In the resonance level ROM 164 of FIG. 25, 12 × 12 = 144 level data for realizing the resonance of each of the 12 sounds from C5 to E6 is stored, and further, resonance with other octaves (sound ranges) is stored. 12 + 12 + 1 = 25 level data to be realized is also stored. As the degree of resonance between pitches increases, the value of this level data also increases, and the resonance level increases.

  In FIG. 25, vertical columns indicate level data given to each pitch at the upper edge. For example, level data L02, L12,... Corresponding to resonance from the pitches C5 to E6 on the left edge to the D5 is stored in the pitch of the third D5 from the left on the upper edge. Further, level data L0C, L1C,... Corresponding to resonance from the pitches C5 to E6 on the left edge to the other octaves (sound range) are stored in the other octave (sound range) on the upper right.

  In FIG. 25, the horizontal rows indicate the level data given to the other pitches on the left edge. For example, the fifth F5 pitch from the upper left edge stores level data L40, L41,... Corresponding to the resonance from the F5 with respect to the upper edge C5 to E6 pitches. Further, in the lower left other octave (tone range), level data LC0, LC1,... Corresponding to the resonance from the other octave (tone range) with respect to the pitches C5 to E6 at the upper edge are stored.

  Among these, the same pitches and the same other octaves (tone ranges) do not resonate and are “0”. However, in some cases, a value other than “0” may be stored. Such 144 + 25 level data are stored in a multiplexed manner for other octaves. Such level data L represents the degree of resonance.

  The resonance level data L is read and used when the key is on / sounding, but the level data L is read and used even when the key is off / mute. The However, even if the level data L is not “0”, it may be “0” during key-off / mute.

  In this case, each level data in the resonance level ROM 164 is multiplied by a key-on signal = 1 and a key-off signal = 0 by a multiplier. Thus, resonance is not performed during key-off / silence. Such resonance ON / OFF switching is switched by key ON / OFF and sound generation / mute.

  The resonance delay RAM 161 in FIG. 26 stores 2048 words of resonance resonance signals of 32 bits per word. In these resonances, the resonance resonance signal of the resonance state for 12 sounds from C5 to E6 and the resonance resonance signal of the resonance state of other octaves are processed. Of these, 128 words are assigned to one pitch, and resonance resonance signals indicating resonance states with other 128 tones are assigned to 12 tones from C5 to E6 and other octaves.

  The resonance resonance signal in the resonance state with the other octave is the above-described inter-key resonance signal sent from the other octave, that is, another block, to the multiplexer 158. The resonance processing is also executed based on the inter-key resonance signal from such another octave (sound range). Moreover, this inter-key resonance signal is subjected to moving average processing by the above-described moving average circuit 151.

  Therefore, in the inter-key resonance, resonance is performed between different sound ranges (between octaves), and this inter-key resonance is performed by the above moving average processing, and therefore differs depending on a gentle envelope rather than a steep envelope. Resonance between ranges (between octaves) is realized.

  Therefore, it can be said that the resonance is executed between a plurality of different sound ranges, and the moving average process is executed in the resonance between these sound ranges. Note that the resonance for each octave may be performed for each sound range of three tones, six half-octaves, nine tones, eighteen tones, and two octaves to 24 tones.

  Note that a moving average process may be executed via the moving average circuit 151 on a part or all of the inter-key resonance signal that is output or input. Thereby, the content of the moving average process in resonance between specific sound ranges can be different from the content of the moving average process in resonance between other sound ranges.

The equation of FIG. 26 shows an arithmetic expression of resonance processing between these pitches / keys. The resonance resonance signal masi _tn (t) at the present time is multiplied by the resonance resonance signal masi _tn (t−D _{tn, i} ) before the delay data D _{tn, i} and the level data L _{tn, i.} This is accumulated for twelve notes from i = 0 to 11 from C5 to E6. This is the resonant resonance signals maso _tn with other key / other pitch (t).

(18) Circuit group for driving the soundboard 26 FIG. 27 is a circuit group added to the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 20 to 26. The soundboard 26 is vibrated by an electromagnetic drive / vibrator. A circuit group for emitting sound from the soundboard 26 is shown. The initial impact signal input to the formant filter buffer 132 and the operation amount data d from the damper pedal 61 input to the gain table 154 are input to the soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170 to generate the soundboard drive signal. Generated.

  This soundboard drive signal is input to the soundboard drive mechanism 171, mechanical vibrations are generated and transmitted to the soundboard 26 (sound system 45), and a musical sound is emitted from the soundboard 26. The soundboard drive mechanism 171 is the electromagnetic drive body / vibrator, etc., which is joined / adhered to the soundboard 26, does not itself emit sound, and generates mechanical vibrations by the soundboard drive signal. Thus, a musical sound is emitted from the soundboard 26.

  Note that the soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170 may receive the inter-key resonance signal of FIG. As a result, the initial shock signal that has been subjected to the resonance process, the moving average process, and the resonance process is input to the soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170, and a musical sound corresponding to the initial shock signal is emitted from the soundboard 26. It will be sounded.

  FIG. 28 shows the soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170. The initial impact signal is corrected in formant time length and level by the formant correction circuit 176, delayed by the delay RAM 178 through the adder 177, and subjected to a convolution operation by the convolution operation circuit 180. The calculation result is multiplied by the operation amount data d from the damper pedal 61 by the multiplier 179 and fed back to the adder 177.

  As a result, the resonance corresponding to the initial impact signal becomes self-resonance corresponding to the operation amount of the damper pedal 61, and the output from the adder 177 is sent to the soundboard drive mechanism 171 as a soundboard drive signal, and the soundboard 26 A musical sound that is resonantly resonated is emitted. The circuit shown in FIG. 28 is processed in substantially the same manner as the harmonic delay buffer 147, multiplication accumulator 148, and harmonic level memory 149, and can be replaced with these circuits.

  FIG. 29 shows another example of the soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170. The initial impact signal is output as the soundboard drive signal through a multiplier 186 and an adder 187. The multiplier 186 receives level data and controls the change of the level of the initial impact signal.

The self-resonant resonance resonance signal from the multiplier 179 is input to the adder 187 via the multiplier 188. Thereby, the resonance resonance signal self-resonated with the initial impact signal is added and synthesized. Level data is input to the multiplier 188, and the ratio of the resonant resonance signal added and synthesized to the initial impact signal is changed and controlled.

  FIG. 30 shows the convolution operation circuit 180. The initial shock signal that is self-resonated from the delay RAM 178 is sequentially delayed through a number of delay devices 191. The outputs of these delay units 191... Are sequentially added (accumulated) by adders 193. Coefficients for changing and controlling the level are input to the multipliers 192. The convolution operation circuit 180 is an FIR type, but may be an IIR type.

(19) Circuit group for driving the soundboard 26 FIG. 31 shows another embodiment of the circuit group for driving the soundboard 26 (sound system 45), and shows an example of generating a soundboard drive signal by one key and three strings. . The initial impact signals are respectively input to the three soundboard drive signal generation circuits 170, and three soundboard drive signals are output. These three soundboard drive signals are combined by an adder 196 and sent to the soundboard drive mechanism 171. The three soundboard drive signal generation circuits 170 also receive operation amount data d from the damper pedal 61.

  The soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170 is shown in FIGS. In the three soundboard drive signal generation circuits 170, different self-resonance processes, that is, different convolution operations are executed corresponding to one key and three strings. As a result, three different self-resonances corresponding to one key and three strings are executed, and the soundboard 26 is driven and emitted according to the different self-resonances.

  FIG. 32 shows still another embodiment of a circuit group for driving the soundboard 26 (sound system 45), and shows an example of generating a soundboard drive signal with a large number of keys / pitch. The initial impact signal is input to a soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170 provided for each pitch / key, and a soundboard drive signal is output. The operation amount data d from the damper pedal 61 is also input to each of the soundboard drive signal generation circuits 170.

  The soundboard drive signal for each pitch / key is distributed to a plurality of soundboard drive mechanisms 171 by the composite multiplexer 197 and output. The composite multiplexer 197 is a combination of a plurality of multiplexers, and a plurality of inputs are used as a plurality of desired outputs. These soundboard drive signal generation circuits 170 in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 may transmit / receive output / input to / from each other, and thereby resonance between each string of one key and three strings and each pitch / resonance between keys. Realized.

(20) Other Embodiments The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, a part of each circuit in FIG. 21 may be omitted, and part or all of the self-resonance may be omitted, part or all of the string resonance may be omitted, and the key / pitch resonance may be omitted. Some or all may be absent, some or all of the intersound resonance may be absent, and some or all of the mutual resonance between the string resonance, the key / pitch resonance, and the intersound resonance may be absent. May be.

  A multiplier, an adder, or an arithmetic unit is inserted at an arbitrary position between the circuits in FIG. 21, and the pitch, tone, touch, and operation amount of the damper pedal are input to the multiplier, the adder, or the arithmetic unit. May be. Thereby, the moving average length in the moving average process and the level of the initial impact signal subjected to the moving average process are changed according to the pitch, tone color, touch, and operation amount of the damper pedal.

  The above moving average circuits 90, 151,... May be circuits other than those shown in FIG. 16, may be other circuits as long as they can perform a moving average process, and can be realized by a computer program.

  The moving average length in the moving average process may be changed based on the following musical factor information in addition to the pitch, tone color, and touch. For example, pronunciation elapsed time information, effect information, performance field information, pronunciation number information, resonance degree information, and the like. The pronunciation time information indicates the elapsed time from the start of tone generation (key-on). The performance field information indicates performance part information, musical sound part information, musical instrument part information, etc., and corresponds to, for example, melody, accompaniment, chord, bass, rhythm, MIDI, etc., or upper keyboard, lower keyboard, foot keyboard, solo keyboard , MIDI and so on.

  Effect information includes pitch change effects such as vibrato, portamento, glide, glissando, trill, tremolo, mandolin, volume change effects, reverberation effects such as chorus, echo, reverb, sound duration change effects such as sustain, reverb, harmonics, etc. Tone change effect such as wave component content change, musical sound waveform change, envelope waveform change, envelope level change, envelope speed change, envelope rate change, touch sensitivity, after touch, initial touch, velocity change touch effect, resonance effect, etc. Etc.

  The pronunciation number information indicates the number of keys / pitches that are sounding at the same time. The number of channels in which the key-on in the assignment memory (not shown) is “1” or the key encoder 37 in FIG. The number of keys whose key operation amount data is not “0” is counted.

  The resonance level information is obtained by accumulating the level data L during key-on / sounding generation or between all pitches in the resonance level ROM 164 of FIG. The reciprocal is 1 / N and is input to the multiplier 93 of the moving average circuit 90. Thereby, the moving average length N is changed according to the degree of resonance.

  Further, as the resonance degree information, delay data D during key-on / sound generation or all pitches in the resonance delay ROM 162 of FIG. 24 is accumulated, and this is subjected to calculation such as multiplication of the moving average length N. Further, the reciprocal is 1 / N and is input to the multiplier 93 of the moving average circuit 90. Thereby, the moving average length N is changed according to the degree of resonance.

  The damper pedal 61, the damper angle sensor 62, the damper encoder 63, and the damper fine motion transmitter 64 are not one for every key 11 ..., but are divided into key ranges, for example, the upper keyboard, the lower keyboard, the foot keyboard, and the solo keyboard. May be provided.

  Further, the key angle sensor 36 and the key encoder 37 may be grouped for each of a plurality of keys 11, for each key range, and for each octave, not for each key 11. In this case, the operation amount of the first operated key or the operation amount of the most operated key in the plurality of keys 11..., Key range or octave is captured as key operation amount data.

  As the resonance circuit 20, a circuit having a configuration other than that shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 may be used. Even in this case, the frequency band to be resonated is changed according to the operation of the damper pedal 61 or the operation of each key 11..., And the electricity fed back according to the operation of the damper pedal 61 or the operation of each key 11. The magnitude of the signal / resonance signal / initial impact signal is changed.

  The resonance circuit 20 may be an analog circuit instead of a digital circuit. In this case, the sampling circuit 41, the AD converter 42, the DA converter 44, etc. are omitted. The resonance circuit 20 may be of a type that resonates by returning an electric signal / resonance signal / initial impact signal, or may resonate without feedback, such as IIR type, recursive system, FIR type, non-recursive system, etc. It may be a type.

  In some cases, either the key 11... Or the damper pedal 61 may be omitted. Either the keyboard operation amount data or the damper operation amount data may be omitted. The operation amount data d including the keyboard operation amount data and the damper operation amount data may be set only by changing the frequency band to be resonated, or only by changing the magnitude of the electric signal / resonance signal / initial impact signal. May be set.

  The resonance circuit 20 and the clipping circuit 46 may all be provided up to the high sound range. In the resonance circuit 20 in the high sound range, the key 11 or the damper pedal 61 is turned on in the same manner as in the other mid and low sound ranges. The key operation amount data or the damper operation amount data may be changed by the operation or the off operation, and the frequency band of the resonance circuit 20 to be resonated or / and the magnitude of the resonance signal / feedback electric signal / initial impact signal. May be changed. The clipping circuits 29 and 76 of the resonance circuit 20 in the high sound range may be omitted.

  Further, in a key range higher than a predetermined pitch, for example, one octave or two octaves on the high tone side, the key operation amount data is changed by the sounding operation or the mute operation of the key 11, and the resonance frequency band of the resonance circuit 20 is resonated. Or / and the magnitude of the resonance signal / feedback electrical signal / initial impact signal may be varied.

  The musical factor data may not be input to the converter 39 of FIG. As a result, the resonance circuit 20 is resonated according to the pitch of the key 11, the touch of the key 11, the tone, the elapsed sound generation time, the resonance with other keys that are generating sound, and the resonance level of the entire keyboard device. The frequency band or / and the magnitude of the resonance signal / feedback electrical signal / initial shock signal are not changed. Further, the damper fine motion signal may not be input to the converter 39 of FIG. Thereby, the resonance change due to the fine movement of the damper is eliminated.

  Each electrical signal / resonance signal / initial impact signal from the resonance circuit 20 of each key 11 is not synthesized with each electrical signal / resonance signal / initial impact signal of each resonance circuit 20 of the other key 11. Also good. This eliminates the resonance and resonance elements between the keys 11... And between the strings. The signal from the key encoder 37 and / or the damper encoder 33 is only on “1” off “0”, and intermediate values may be excluded. As a result, the data on the half operation state / intermediate operation state of the damper pedal 61 and the keys 11 are lost, and the fine and subtle changes in the damper are not realized.

  The converters 31 and 72 and the delay units 32 and 73 of the three resonance circuits 20 of the one key are omitted for the one resonance circuit 20..., But all the three resonance circuits 20. Delay devices 32 and 73 may be provided. As a result, three initial impact signals having different magnitudes and phases / delay amounts are formed / generated from one initial impact signal. A filter may be further added to such converters 31 and 72 and delay devices 32 and 73.

  Thereby, the frequency characteristics / waveform shapes of the three initial impact signals are also different. The filter coefficients / parameters of this filter may be changed by musical factors as well as the parameters to the converters 31 and 72 and the delay units 32 and 73. As a result, the frequency characteristics / waveform shape shifts / differences of the three initial impact signals change according to the musical factor.

  A part or all of the clipping circuit 46 in FIG. 2, the clipping circuit 29 in FIG. 3, and the clipping circuit 76 in FIG. 5 may be omitted. The clipping circuit 46 of FIG. 2 may be provided between the resonant circuit 20 and the A / D converter 42. 3 may be provided between the converter 25 and the filter 24, between the filter 24 and the delay device 23, between the delay device 23 and the adder 22, and the like.

  The clipping circuit 76 of FIG. 5 includes a delay circuit 55 and an adder 52, a delay circuit 58 and an adder 54, an adder 57 and a delay circuit 58, a converter 53 or a converter 59 and an adder 54. , Between converter 56 or converter 71 and adder 57, between converter 51 and adder 52, between converter 53 and adder 52, and the like.

  If the hammer H can give an impact to the impacted body 1, it will not only be a hammer, but also a mallet such as a wooden mallet, a repellent, a stick, a stick, a falling weight in a cylinder, a pendulum weight Etc. The frequency band to be resonated of the initial impact returned is widened toward the low frequency range by the sounding operation of the keys 11 or the damper pedal 61, and the mute operation or damper pedal of the keys 11 or the like. By turning off 61, the sound may be narrowed toward the high sound range.

  Further, the frequency band in which the initial impact signal that is fed back is resonated is expanded from the middle range to the low range and the high range by the sounding operation of each key 11. 11... May be narrowed toward the middle range by a mute operation of 11... Or an operation of turning off the damper pedal 61. The frequency band to be resonated of the initial impact returned is narrowed toward the middle range by the sounding operation of the keys 11 or the ON operation of the damper pedal 61, and the mute operation or damper of the keys 11 or the like. By turning off the pedal 61, it may spread from the middle range toward the low range and the high range.

  As described above, the predetermined value (threshold value) at which the increase / decrease is moderated or clipped is intermediate between the magnitude when the damper pedal 61 is turned on and the magnitude when the damper pedal 61 is turned off. The magnitude of the initial shock signal that is fed back and resonated is intermediate between the magnitude when the damper pedal 61 is turned on and the magnitude when the damper pedal 61 is turned off, and the magnitude of the initial shock signal that is fed back is resonated. The frequency band of the damper pedal 61 is intermediate between the band when the damper pedal 61 is turned on and the band when the damper pedal 61 is turned off. This middle does not mean a complete average value, but is offset to one side or offset to the other.

  6 and 12 may be replaced with the attenuation, the absolute value of the attenuation, and the signal level. The impacted body / struck body / sounding body may be a string of a stringed instrument, a tube of a wind instrument, or an impacted body / struck body / sounding body of various percussion instruments.

  The keyboard apparatus of the present invention is applicable to keyboard instruments such as grand pianos, organs, electronic pianos, electronic organs, and harpsichords in addition to upright pianos. The keys 11... May be replaced by electronic stringed instruments, electronic brass (wind) instruments, electronic percussion instruments (pads, etc.), or computer keyboards.

  Further, the present invention can be realized by an automatic performance piano or an automatic performance keyboard instrument in which the keys 11 are driven by a solenoid or the like. In such an automatic performance piano and an automatic performance keyboard instrument, the keys 11... Or the action mechanism are driven by a solenoid or the like based on the automatic performance information.

  The present invention can be implemented in an electronic musical instrument or a computer. The functions of the circuits shown in the drawings may be implemented by software (flow chart), and the functions of the flowcharts shown in the drawings may be implemented by hardware (circuit). The invention described in each claim can also be realized as a medium storing a computer program that causes a computer to execute the invention, a communication apparatus (method) of a computer program, a musical sound generation apparatus (method), and a musical sound control apparatus (method). . All or part of the circuits of FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5 may be omitted.

  1, a part of the entire circuit of FIG. 2, a part of the resonance circuit 20 of FIGS. 3 and 5, a part of the manipulated variable data circuit 30 of FIG. 4, and a damper manipulated variable circuit 60 of FIG. 4. , Part or all of the operation amount data circuit 30, part or all of the damper operation amount circuit 60, part or all of the clipping circuit 46, part or all of the impacted body 1, A part or all of the damper fine motion transmitter 64, part or all of the damper fine motion signal, part or all of the damper operation amount data, part or all of the key operation amount data are omitted. Also good.

(21) Advantages of Other Inventions [1] A plurality of rod-like or plate-like impact bodies provided corresponding to each key of a plurality of keys, and each of the keys is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation. In a keyboard apparatus having a plurality of impacted bodies that are damped immediately before entering a cyclic repetitive vibration and generate an initial impact with almost no cyclic repetitive vibration, The initial impact from the impact body is converted into an electrical signal, and the converted initial impact signal itself is subjected to a process of adding resonance to perform a moving average process, and the signal subjected to the moving average process is subjected to other different pitches. A keyboard control method, characterized in that a process of adding resonance with a key string is performed and output.

[2] A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to the keys of the plurality of keys, and each of the keys is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation, and periodically repeats vibration. In a keyboard device having a plurality of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, the initial impact from the impacted body is electrically A moving average means for performing a moving average process by converting the signal into a signal and applying a resonance to the converted initial impact signal itself, and the moving average processed signal and other chord strings having different pitches. And a resonance means for adding resonance between the two.

[3] The keyboard apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the moving average length in the moving average process is changed according to a pitch, a tone color, a touch, and a resonance degree. As a result, the moving average length changes according to the pitch, tone, touch, and resonance level, and the degree of loosening the steep envelope of the initial impact signal can be changed according to the pitch, tone, touch, and resonance level. it can.

[4] The keyboard apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the moving average length in the moving average process is changed according to an operation amount of a damper pedal. Thereby, the moving average length changes according to the operation amount of the damper pedal, and the degree of loosening the envelope of the initial impact signal can be changed according to the operation amount of the damper pedal.

[5] The keyboard apparatus according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the level of the initial impact signal subjected to the moving average process in the moving average process is changed according to a pitch, a tone color, and a touch. Thereby, the level of the initial impact signal subjected to the moving average process can be changed according to the pitch, the tone color, and the touch.

[6] The keyboard device according to [2], [3], [5], wherein the level of the initial impact signal that has been resonated and subjected to moving average processing is changed according to the amount of operation of the damper pedal. Thereby, the level of the initial impact signal subjected to the moving average process can be changed according to the operation amount of the damper pedal.

[7] The initial impact signal subjected to the moving average process is converted into a mechanical vibration, the mechanical vibration is transmitted to the soundboard, and a musical sound is emitted from the soundboard. The keyboard device according to 3, 4, 5, or 6. Thereby, a musical sound can be emitted from the soundboard by the initial impact signal in which the steep envelope is made gentle.

[8] The content of the moving average process in the self-resonance of a specific string is different from the content of the moving average process in the self-resonance of another string. The keyboard device described. As a result, the degree of relaxation of the envelope in the self-resonance of a specific string can be made to stand out from the envelope in other self-resonance.

[9] The content of the moving average process in the resonance between specific strings is different from the content of the moving average process in the resonance between other strings. Keyboard device. As a result, the degree of relaxation of the envelope in the self-resonance of a specific string can be made to stand out from the envelope in other self-resonance. As a result, the degree of relaxation of the envelope in the resonance between specific strings can be made to stand out from the envelope in the resonance between other strings.

[10] The content of moving average processing in resonance from a specific string to other pitches / other keys is different from the content of moving average processing in resonance / resonance of other strings or other pitches / keys The keyboard device according to claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. This allows the degree of relaxation of the envelope in resonance from a particular string to another pitch / other key to stand out from the envelope in another string or other pitch / key resonance / resonance.

[11] The content of moving average processing in resonance from other pitches / other keys to a specific string is different from the content of moving average processing in resonance / resonance of other strings or other pitches / keys The keyboard device according to claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. This allows the degree of relaxation of the envelope in the resonance from another pitch / other key to a particular string to stand out from the envelope in the resonance / resonance of another string or other pitch / key.

[12] The contents of the moving average process in resonance between specific pitches / keys are different from the contents of the moving average process in resonance between other pitches / keys. The keyboard device according to 4, 5, 6 or 7. As a result, the degree of relaxation of the envelope in the resonance between specific pitches / keys can be emphasized from the envelope in the resonance between other pitches / keys.

[13] The content of the moving average process in the initial impact signal of a specific pitch / key is different from the content of the moving average process in the other pitch / key / string initial shock signal or resonance. Item 8. The keyboard device according to item 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. This allows the degree of relaxation of the envelope in a specific pitch / key initial shock signal to stand out from other pitch / key / string initial shock signals or envelopes in resonance.

[14] The content of the moving average processing in the initial shock signal of a specific string is different from the content of the moving average processing in the initial shock signal or resonance of other strings / pitch / key. The keyboard device according to 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. This allows the degree of relaxation of the envelope in the initial shock signal of a particular string to stand out from the initial shock signal or resonance envelope of another string / pitch / key.

[15] The content of the moving average process in resonance between specific sound ranges is different from the content of the moving average process in resonance between other sound ranges. Or the keyboard apparatus of 7. As a result, the degree of relaxation of the envelope in resonance between specific sound ranges can be made to stand out from the envelope in resonance between other sound ranges.

[16] The resonance is executed between a plurality of different sound ranges, and the moving average processing is executed on a part or all of the resonances of these sound ranges. 5. The keyboard device according to 5, 6 or 7. As a result, the degree of relaxation of the envelope in resonance between specific sound ranges can be made to stand out from the envelope in resonance between other sound ranges.

[17] An electromagnetic driving body attached to the soundboard, which does not emit sound itself, and mechanically vibrates the attached soundboard to emit sound from the soundboard. 2. An initial impact signal subjected to resonance processing, moving average processing, and resonance processing is input, and a musical sound corresponding to the initial impact signal is emitted from the soundboard. The keyboard device according to 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16. Thereby, a musical sound can be emitted from the soundboard by the initial impact signal in which the steep envelope is made gentle.

[21] A plurality of rod-like or plate-like impact bodies provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys, each of which is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of each key, and periodically repeated vibrations In a keyboard device having a plurality of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, the initial impact from the impacted body is electrically This signal is converted into a signal, the initial shock signal is fed back and resonated, and the resonated initial shock signal is output as a musical sound according to the sounding operation of the key. A different initial shock signal is generated, the other initial shock signal is fed back and resonated, and a part or all of these resonated initial shock signals are combined to generate a plurality of initial shock signal phases. A keyboard control method characterized by resonating each other.

[22] A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to the keys of the plurality of keys, and each of the keys is subjected to a sounding operation and is subjected to periodic repeated vibration. For each of the above-mentioned keys, the initial impact from the impacted body is converted into an electrical signal for each of the above-mentioned keys. Resonating means provided corresponding to each of the keys for feeding back and resonating the initial shock signal, and converting the initial shock from the impacted body into an electric signal for each key, The shock signal is fed back and resonated, and the resonated initial shock signal is output as a musical sound according to the sounding operation of the key, and another initial shock signal is delayed or changed in size to the initial shock signal. Generate this another early And a resonance means that resonates and resonates the impact signal, and synthesizes a part or all of the resonated initial shock signals to resonate a plurality of initial shock signals. Keyboard device to play.

[23] The resonated frequency band of the returned initial shock is expanded toward the high frequency range by the sounding operation of each key, and is narrowed toward the low frequency range by the mute operation of each key. 23. A keyboard apparatus according to claim 22, wherein Thereby, the frequency band which can resonate / resonate can be changed by sounding operation / mute operation of each key.

[24] The resonance frequency of the plurality of initial impact signals generated in one key in the resonance means is characterized by being shifted by 1/100 or less or 1/50 to 10000 of the resonance frequency. The keyboard device according to claim 22 or 23. Thereby, the beat effect in one key is realizable.

[25] The deviation in claim 4 includes musical factors, pitch of the key, touch of the key, timbre, elapsed time of sound generation, resonance between the key and another key being sounded, The keyboard device according to claim 24, wherein the keyboard device is controlled to be changed according to the degree of resonance. Thereby, the content of the beat effect can be changed according to the musical factor.

[26] A vibration signal from the sound board, outer plate, frame, or case of the keyboard device is fed back and resonated, and the resonance signal and the initial shock signal are combined with a part or all of these signals. The keyboard device according to claim 22, 23, 24 or 25, wherein the keyboard device is resonated. Thereby, a spatial resonance signal / spatial resonance signal forming an envelope such as a soundboard, an outer plate, a frame or a case, and an impacted body resonance signal / impacted body resonance signal / sounding body resonance signal / sounding body resonance signal such as a string Resonance / resonance is realized.

[27] Each initial impact signal from the resonance means of each key is combined with each initial impact signal of each resonance means of another key, and when the pitch is higher than a predetermined pitch, the initial impact signal of the treble is All of the initial impact signals of the pitch are always synthesized, and the amount of operation of the damper pedal, the half pedal of the damper pedal, the amount of operation of other keys, small changes in the magnitude of the initial impact signal, and the musicality such as the degree of resonance The amount of synthesis does not change even if there is a change in factors, etc., and when the pitch is higher than the specified pitch, all initial impact signals of other pitches are always synthesized with the initial impact signal of the treble. 27. A keyboard device according to claim 22, 23, 24, 25 or 26. Thereby, resonance, such as a half pedal state of a damper pedal, is realizable. In addition, the resonance of the key structure partially without the damper can be realized.

[31] A plurality of rod-like or plate-like impact bodies provided in correspondence with each key of the plurality of keys, each of which is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of each key, and periodically repeated vibrations In a keyboard device having a plurality of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, the initial impact from the impacted body is electrically This signal is converted into a signal, the initial shock signal is fed back and resonated, and the resonated initial shock signal is output as a tone corresponding to the sounding operation of the key. The magnitude of the returned initial shock signal is A keyboard control method characterized in that it is increased by turning on the pedal and reduced by turning off the damper pedal.

[32] A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to the keys of the plurality of keys, each of which is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of each key, and periodically repeated vibrations In a keyboard device having a plurality of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, the initial impact from the impacted body is electrically This signal is converted into a signal, the initial shock signal is fed back and resonated, and the resonated initial shock signal is output as a tone corresponding to the sounding operation of the key, and the frequency band of the initial shock signal that is fed back is resonated. A keyboard control method characterized by spreading the sound toward the high sound range by the sounding operation of each key and narrowing the sound toward the low sound range by the mute operation of each key.

[33] A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to the keys of the plurality of keys, each of which is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of the keys, and periodically repeated vibrations In a keyboard device having a plurality of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, the initial impact from the impacted body is electrically This signal is converted into a signal, the initial shock signal is fed back and resonated, and the resonated initial shock signal is output as a tone corresponding to the sounding operation of the key, and the magnitude of the initial shock signal that is fed back and resonated. A keyboard control method characterized in that the increase / decrease is moderated or clipped at a predetermined value / level.

[34] A plurality of rod-like or plate-like impacted bodies provided corresponding to the keys of the plurality of keys, and each of the keys is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation, and periodically repeated vibrations A number of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, and the initial impact from the impacted body is converted into an electrical signal. The resonance means provided corresponding to each of the keys for causing the feedback to resonate and outputting the resonated initial shock signal as a tone corresponding to the sounding operation of the key, and the magnitude of the returned initial shock signal A keyboard device comprising: control means for increasing the size by turning on the damper pedal and reducing the size by turning off the damper pedal.

[35] A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to the keys of the plurality of keys, each of which is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of the keys, and periodically repeated vibrations A number of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, and the initial impact from the impacted body is converted into an electrical signal. The resonance means provided corresponding to each key for resonating and resonating and outputting the resonated initial shock signal as a tone corresponding to the sounding operation of the key, and the resonance of the returned initial shock signal A keyboard device comprising: a control means for expanding a frequency band to be increased toward a high frequency range when the damper pedal is turned on and narrowing toward a low frequency range when the damper pedal is turned off.

[36] A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to the keys of the plurality of keys, each of which is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of the keys, and periodically repeated vibrations A number of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, and the initial impact from the impacted body is converted into an electrical signal. Resonating by resonating, and outputting the resonated initial shock signal as a musical sound corresponding to the sounding operation of the key, and the resonance means provided corresponding to each key, and the initial shock that is fed back and resonated A keyboard device comprising: control means for gently increasing / decreasing or clipping a signal magnitude / level above a predetermined value.

[37] A plurality of rod-like or plate-like impact bodies provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys, and each of the keys is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation, and periodically repeats vibration. A number of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, and the initial impact from the impacted body is converted into an electrical signal. The resonance means provided corresponding to each of the keys for causing the feedback to resonate and outputting the resonated initial shock signal as a tone corresponding to the sounding operation of the key, and the magnitude of the returned initial shock signal A keyboard device comprising: control means for increasing the sound by a sounding operation of each key and decreasing it by a mute operation of each key. As a result, the resonance state can be changed by the key operation, and this can be realized on the initial shock signal (electrical signal), and not only the key on operation but also the resonance / resonance change according to the off operation is realized. Is done.

[38] A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to the keys of the plurality of keys, each of which is subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of each key, and periodically repeated vibrations A number of impacted bodies that generate an initial impact that is attenuated immediately before entering and generates almost no periodic repeated vibration, and the initial impact from the impacted body is converted into an electrical signal. The resonance means provided corresponding to each of the keys for outputting the resonated initial shock signal as a tone corresponding to the sounding operation of the key, and the resonance of the returned initial shock number A keyboard device comprising: a control unit that spreads a frequency band toward a high frequency range by a sounding operation of each key and narrows toward a low frequency range by a silencing operation of each key.

  As described above, in the keyboard device that simulates the sound of the string by the impacted body, the function of the damper can be realized, or the change of the resonance state by the damper can be realized, and this realization can be realized on the initial impact signal (electric signal). . In addition, in a keyboard device that simulates the initial impact of a string on an impacted body, the resonance state can be changed by a key operation, and this can be realized on the initial impact signal (electrical signal), and the key is turned on / off. A change in resonance / resonance according to the operation is realized.

[39] The impacted body and each means according to claim 34, the impacted body and each means according to claim 35, the impacted body and each means according to claim 36, and the impacted body according to claim 37. A keyboard device comprising at least two sets of the impact body and each means, and the impacted body according to claim 38 and each means. As a result, the resonance content can be controlled in combination with the control of the magnitude of the resonance signal, the control of the frequency band to resonate, and the change of the initial impact signal and the clipping value of the resonance signal.

[40] When the magnitude / level of the initial impact signal that is fed back and resonated is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the increase / decrease is moderated or clipped, and at higher pitches than the predetermined pitch, the increase / decrease is moderated above this predetermined value. No clipping is performed, or the resonance frequency band is not changed by the on / off operation of the damper pedal or the sound generation / mute operation of the key, or the magnitude of the initial impact signal to be fed back. 40. The keyboard device according to claim 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, or 39, wherein the keyboard device is not changed by an on / off operation of a damper pedal or a sounding operation / mute operation of the key. Thereby, the resonance of the key structure partially without a damper can be realized.

[41] The magnitude / level of the initial shock signal that is fed back and resonated is gradually increased or decreased when the value is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. The change in the frequency band to be resonated or the magnitude of the initial impact signal to be fed back varies finely, and the frequency of this fine change corresponds to the resonance frequency of the keyboard device or the minimum of each key. 41. A keyboard device according to claim 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 or 40, wherein the keyboard device is approximately between the pitch frequency and the highest pitch frequency. As a result, it is possible to realize resonance in a state in which the damper is finely oscillated, and to make the period of resonance corresponding to the frequency of the actual music sound.

[42] The magnitude / level of the initial impact signal that is fed back and resonated is gradually increased or decreased above a predetermined value or clipped, and the damper pedal is an intermediate half pedal between the on operation and the off operation. Based on the information indicating the half pedal operation, a predetermined value for gradual increase / decrease or clipping is determined based on the magnitude when the damper pedal is turned on and the magnitude when the damper pedal is off. Or the magnitude of the initial impact signal that is returned is the middle between the magnitude when the damper pedal is turned on and the magnitude when the damper pedal is turned off, or the magnitude of the initial impact signal that is returned The frequency band at which the signal is resonated is the middle of the band when the damper pedal is on and the band when the damper is off. Keyboard apparatus according to claim 34,36,38,39,40 or 41, wherein the. Thereby, resonance, such as a half pedal state of a damper pedal, is realizable.

[43] Each initial impact signal from the resonance means of each key is combined with each initial impact signal of each resonance means of another key, and at a pitch higher than a predetermined pitch, the initial impact signal of the treble is All of the initial impact signals of the pitch are always synthesized, and the amount of operation of the damper pedal, the half pedal of the damper pedal, the amount of operation of other keys, small changes in the magnitude of the initial impact signal, and the musicality such as the degree of resonance Even if there is a change in factors, this amount of synthesis does not change.In the case of higher pitches than the specified pitch, all initial impact signals of other pitches are always synthesized with the initial impact signal of that treble. A keyboard apparatus according to claim 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41 or 42. As a result, resonance between a plurality of keys / strings can be realized.

[44] The magnitude / level of the initial shock signal that is resonated and resonated is moderated or clipped if the value is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, or is a predetermined value that moderates or clips the increase / decrease, or for each key. The resonance band or / and magnitude of the initial impact signal that is resonated is the musical factor, the pitch of the key, the touch of the key, the tone, the elapsed time of the sound, the degree of resonance between the key and the other key that is sounding. 44. The keyboard device according to claim 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, or 43, wherein the change is controlled according to the resonance degree of the entire keyboard device. As a result, the resonance state of the key depends on the pitch of the key, the touch of the key, the tone, the elapsed sound generation time, the resonance between the key and another key that is sounding, and the resonance of the entire keyboard device. Change.

  The initial shock signal is subjected to a moving average process to remove a sharp change in the envelope, and the string resonance process becomes purer. In the moving average circuit 90, the resonance signal of the initial impact signal from the impacted body 1 is subjected to a moving average process over the moving average length N so that the steep rise or fall of the envelope of the initial impact signal is moderated. At 100, resonance is added to the time division based on the delay data dij and the level data lij.

  Resonance between multiple strings of one key, resonance between strings, resonance between strings and soundboard, etc. is realized. The three initial impact signals resonated by the three resonance circuits 20 of one key are mutually input to the other resonance circuits 20 of the one key 11 to realize mutual resonance between the strings. The Each initial impact signal is also input to the three resonance circuits 20 of the other keys 11 to realize mutual resonance between the strings of the keys 11. This mutual resonance is also realized between the resonance circuit 20 of the key 11 without a damper and the resonance circuit 20 of the key 11 with a damper, and between the case 27 and the soundboard 26 and the key 11. Realized.

  Sounds of attack, decay, sustain and release in the envelope are formed by the resonance / resonance between the strings (impacted body / sounding body) of the spatial resonance / spatial resonance and resonance circuit 20... Is done. Such attack, decay, sustain, and release musical tones are not formed by the sound of the impacted body / sounding body itself such as a string by the key 11, that is, the initial impact signal. These initial impact signals, resonance / resonant shocked object resonance / reacted body resonance / sounding body resonance / resonance of the initial shock signal of sounding body resonance / resonance signal, and spatial resonance / resonance of spatial resonance / resonance signal Further resonance / resonance is also realized.

  In a keyboard device that simulates an initial impact of a string by an impacted body, a resonance state change by a damper is realized on an electrical signal. The initial impact signal from the impacted body 1 when the key 11 is turned on is resonated by the resonance circuit 20 and output as a musical sound, and resonance is added. The damper operation amount data of the damper pedal 61, the key operation amount data of the key 11, the damper fine motion signal, and the musical factor data are calculated and synthesized by the converter 39 and supplied from the operation amount data circuit 30 to the resonance circuit 20 as a resonance parameter. Is done.

  As a result, the resonance band and the magnitude of the resonance change according to the amount of damper operation, half operation, fine vibration of the damper, key operation amount, and musical factor, and resonance that changes in combination with these factors. Is realized. Further, in the clipping circuit 40, the clipping value of the resonance signal is changed by the damper fine movement signal to realize the fine movement of the damper.

The structure of the impacted body 1 is shown. The whole circuit of a keyboard device, a keyboard instrument, a musical sound device, a musical sound control device, a simulated piano, and a mute piano is shown. A resonant circuit 20 is shown. An operation amount data circuit 30 and a damper operation amount circuit 60 are shown. The 2nd Example of the resonance circuit 20 is shown. An outline of changes in frequency band / resonance band and magnitude of a resonance signal (feedback electric signal / initial impact signal) in the resonance circuit 20 and resonance characteristics / resonance characteristics are shown. An outline of an example of waveforms of an initial impact signal from the impacted body 1 and a resonance signal (resonance signal) in the resonance circuit 20 is shown. Clipping circuits 29, 46 and 76 are shown. The clipping function f (x) stored in the clipping memory 72 is shown. The clipping function f (x + 1−d) −f (1−d) stored in the clipping conversion table 71 is shown. The output signal is clipped with respect to the input signal (initial impact signal). An outline of changes in frequency band / resonance band and magnitude of a resonance signal (feedback electric signal / initial impact signal) in the resonance circuit 20 and resonance characteristics / resonance characteristics are shown. Three resonant circuits 20 for each key 11 are shown. The 2nd Example of the whole circuit of a keyboard apparatus is shown. The self-resonant circuit 120 in FIG. 14 is shown. The moving average circuit 90 in FIG. 14 is shown. The initial impact signal before the moving average processing and the initial impact signal after the moving average processing are shown. The inter-string resonance circuit 100 in FIG. 14 is shown. The matrix arithmetic expression in a moving average process and a string resonance process is shown. Part of the entire circuit (third embodiment) in FIG. 2 is shown. The string vibration synthesis circuit 130 and its peripheral circuits are shown. The data structures of the formant delay buffer 132, the formant level memory 133, and the tap data memory 134 are shown. The data structures of the harmonic delay buffer 147 and the harmonic level memory 149 are shown. The data structure of the resonance delay ROM 162 is shown. The data structure of the resonance level ROM 164 is shown. A data structure that has been subjected to resonance processing with other keys / pitches calculated by the multiplication accumulator 163 is shown. 20 is a circuit group added to the third embodiment of FIGS. 20 to 26, and shows a circuit group in which the sound board 26 is vibrated by an electromagnetic driving body / vibrator and the sound is emitted from the sound board 26. . A soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170 is shown. Another example of the soundboard drive signal generation circuit 170 is shown. A convolution operation circuit 180 is shown. Another embodiment of a circuit group for driving the soundboard 26 is shown, and an example of generating a soundboard drive signal by one key and three strings is shown. Another embodiment of a circuit group for driving the soundboard 26 is shown, and an example of generating a soundboard drive signal with a large number of keys / pitches is shown.

1 ... impacted body, 2 ... support,
3 ... contact body, 11, 11a, 11b ... key,
20 ... resonance circuit, 21 ... impact transducer,
22 ... adder, 23 ... delay,
24 ... filter, 25 ... converter,
26 ... sound board, 27 ... case, 28 ... vibration conversion element,
29 ... Clipping circuit, 76 ... Clipping circuit,
31 ... Converter, 32 ... Delayer,
30 ... Operation amount data circuit, 36 ... Key angle sensor,
37 ... Key encoder, 38, 39 ... Converter,
41 ... Sampling circuit, 42 ... A-D converter,
43 ... adder, 44 ... DA converter,
45 ... sound system, 46 ... clipping circuit,
51, 53, 59, 71, 72 ... converter,
55, 58, 73 ... delay devices, 52, 54, 57 ... adders,
60 ... Damper operation amount circuit, 61 ... Damper pedal,
62 ... Damper angle sensor, 63 ... Damper encoder,
64 ... Damper fine motion transmitter, 81 ... Clipping conversion table,
82 ... Clipping memory, 83 ... Damping amount calculation circuit,
90 ... Moving average circuit, 91 ... Absolute value circuit,
92, 94 ... adder, 93, 96 ... multiplier,
95 ... Delay device, 97 ... Inverter,
100: Interstring resonance circuit, 101: Multiplexer,
102 ... Shock signal RAM, 103 ... Multiplier,
104 ... Accumulator, 105 ... Delay table,
106: Address generator, 107: Level table,
120 ... self-resonant circuit, 130 ... string vibration synthesis circuit,
131: post-processing circuit, 132: formant filter buffer (RAM),
133 ... Formant filter memory (ROM),
134 ... Tap data memory, 135 ... Multiplication accumulator,
140 ... string vibration circuit, 141 ... multiplier,
142 ... adder, 143 ... adder,
144 ... Level memory, 146 ... Adder,
147 ... Harmonic delay buffer (RAM),
148 ... multiplication accumulator, 149 ... harmonic level memory (ROM),
151 ... Moving average circuit, 152 ... Multiplier,
153 ... adder, 154 ... gain table,
155 ... multiplier, 156 ... level buffer,
157 ... multiplier, 158 ... multiplexer,
159 ... level buffer, 161 ... resonance delay RAM,
162 ... resonance delay ROM, 163 ... multiplication accumulator,
164 ... resonance level ROM, 170 ... soundboard drive signal generation circuit,
171 ... Soundboard drive mechanism, 176 ... Formant correction circuit,
177 ... adder, 178 ... delay RAM,
180 ... convolution operation circuit, 179 ... multiplier,
186 ... multiplier, 187 ... adder, 188 ... multiplier,
191: delay unit, 192: multiplier, 193: adder,
196: Adder, 197: Composite multiplexer.

Claims (16)

A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys, each subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of each key, and before entering a cyclically repeated vibration In a keyboard device having a plurality of impacted bodies that quickly decay and generate an initial impact with almost no cyclical vibration,
For each key, convert the initial impact from the impacted body into an electrical signal, perform a process of adding resonance to the converted initial impact signal itself, perform a moving average process,
A keyboard control method characterized in that the moving average-processed signal is subjected to a process of adding resonance between the key strings of other different pitches and output. A plurality of rod-shaped or plate-shaped impacted bodies provided corresponding to each key of the plurality of keys, each subjected to an impact by a sounding operation of each key, and before entering a cyclically repeated vibration In a keyboard device having a plurality of impacted bodies that quickly decay and generate an initial impact with almost no cyclical vibration,
For each key, moving average means for converting the initial impact from the impacted body into an electrical signal and performing a process of adding resonance to the converted initial impact signal itself to perform a moving average process;
A keyboard apparatus comprising: resonance means for adding resonance between the moving average processed signal and another string of keys having different pitches.   3. The keyboard apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the moving average length in the moving average process is changed according to a pitch, a tone color, a touch, and a resonance degree.   4. The keyboard apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the moving average length in the moving average process is changed according to an operation amount of a damper pedal.   5. The keyboard apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the level of the initial impact signal subjected to the moving average process in the moving average process is changed according to a pitch, a timbre, a touch, and a resonance degree.   6. The keyboard device according to claim 2, wherein the level of the initial impact signal that has been resonated and subjected to moving average processing is changed according to an operation amount of a damper pedal.   The initial shock signal subjected to the moving average process is converted into a mechanical vibration, the mechanical vibration is transmitted to the soundboard, and a musical sound is emitted from the soundboard. The keyboard device according to 4, 5, or 6.   The keyboard according to claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the content of the moving average process in the self-resonance of a specific string is different from the content of the moving average process in the self-resonance of another string. apparatus.   The keyboard device according to claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the content of the moving average process in the resonance between specific strings is different from the content of the moving average process in the resonance between other strings.   The content of the moving average process in resonance from a specific string to another pitch / other key is different from the contents of the moving average process in resonance / resonance of another string or other pitch / key. The keyboard device according to claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7.   The content of the moving average process in the resonance from other pitches / other keys to a specific string is different from the content of the moving average process in the resonance / resonance of other strings or other pitches / keys. The keyboard device according to claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7.   The contents of the moving average process in resonance between specific pitches / keys are different from the contents of the moving average process in resonance between other pitches / keys. 5. The keyboard device according to 5, 6 or 7.   The content of the moving average process in the initial shock signal of a specific pitch / key is different from the content of the moving average process in the initial shock signal or resonance of another pitch / key / string. The keyboard device according to 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.   The content of the moving average processing in the initial shock signal of a specific string is different from the content of the moving average processing in other string / pitch / key initial shock signals or resonance. 5. The keyboard device according to 5, 6 or 7.   8. The content of the moving average process in the resonance between specific sound ranges is different from the content of the moving average process in the resonance between other sound ranges. Keyboard equipment.   The resonance is performed between a plurality of different sound ranges, and the moving average process is performed on a part or all of the resonance between these sound ranges. The keyboard device according to 6 or 7.

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