JP2011075106A - Working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a working machine for suppressing rise in oil temperature of a continuously variable transmission by rational cooling. <P>SOLUTION: An endless belt 47 is wound around an output pulley provided for an output shaft of an engine and an input pulley 46 provided for an input shaft 8A of the continuously variable transmission 8. The input shaft 8A includes a cooling fan 51 for sucking outside air and supplying the air to the continuously variable transmission 8. The working machine includes a wind guide plate 52 as a guiding means G which feeds wind flowing from an outer periphery of the cooling fan 51 in the centrifugal direction toward the continuously variable transmission 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention comprises a transmission mechanism in which an endless belt is wound around an output pulley provided on an output shaft of an engine and an input pulley provided on an input shaft of a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, the input shaft The present invention relates to a working machine including a cooling fan that rotates integrally.

  As a working machine configured as described above, Patent Document 1 includes an engine at a front position of a traveling machine body, a transmission case at a rear position, and a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission at a side of the transmission case. A rice transplanter with connected devices is shown. In Patent Document 1, a belt-type transmission mechanism is provided in which an endless belt (transmission belt) is wound around a pulley (output pulley) of an output shaft of an engine and a pulley (input pulley) of an input shaft of a continuously variable transmission. The input shaft is equipped with a cooling fan.

JP 2008-87489 A

  A hydrostatic continuously variable transmission has a hydraulic circuit that supplies hydraulic oil from a variable displacement hydraulic pump to which a driving force from an input shaft is transmitted to a hydraulic motor, and the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pump. A stepless speed change is realized by adjusting the. From such a configuration, the cooling air is supplied from the cooling fan as shown in Patent Document 1 because the oil temperature of the hydraulic oil is likely to rise and the heat needs to be dissipated.

  Since hydrostatic continuously variable transmissions are prone to rise in oil temperature, it is desirable to cool them well, and it may be possible to provide a large fan. However, there was a limit and sometimes the oil temperature rose.

  In addition, in order to suppress the oil temperature rise of the continuously variable transmission, it may be considered to separately provide an oil cooler or an external oil tank to increase the amount of oil, but these configurations are not only accompanied by an increase in size. There is room for improvement in that the number of parts increases and the cost increases.

  An object of the present invention is to rationally configure a working machine that suppresses an increase in the oil temperature of a continuously variable transmission by a simple improvement.

A feature of the present invention includes a transmission mechanism in which an endless belt is wound around an output pulley provided on an output shaft of an engine and an input pulley provided on an input shaft of a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission. A working machine having a cooling fan that rotates integrally with a shaft,
The flow of cooling air by the cooling fan is set so that outside air is sucked and supplied to the continuously variable transmission, and the cooling fan is connected to the outer periphery of the cooling fan from the outer periphery of the cooling fan. There is a guide means for sending the wind flowing in the centrifugal direction orthogonal to the drive shaft core in the direction of the continuously variable transmission.

Considering the flow of the cooling air in the rotation of the cooling fan, most of the cooling air flows in a direction parallel to the rotation axis, but the outer peripheral part of the cooling fan is accompanied by the rotation of the cooling fan. The wind flows outward (centrifugal direction), and the cooling air flowing outward in this way does not contribute to the cooling of the continuously variable transmission. As described above, the phenomenon in which the wind flows outward (centrifugal direction) from the outer peripheral portion of the cooling fan is that when the cooling air is sent out along the rotation axis, the pressure from the cooling air acts on the outer peripheral side of the cooling fan. It is also possible to grasp that the centrifugal force acts as the cooling fan rotates.
Therefore, by providing the guide means for guiding the wind flowing in the centrifugal direction from the outer periphery of the cooling fan to the direction of the continuously variable transmission as in the present invention, in addition to the cooling wind flowing in the direction parallel to the rotation axis, Cooling air that has flowed wastefully outward from the fan can be actively supplied to the continuously variable transmission, and the continuously variable transmission can be cooled without an oil cooler or an oil tank.
Thus, the working machine which suppresses the raise of the oil temperature of a continuously variable transmission satisfactorily by simple improvement was rationally constituted.

  In the present invention, the guide means may be constituted by an air guide plate that changes a flow direction of wind flowing in the centrifugal direction to a direction of the continuously variable transmission.

  According to this, only by adding a plate-like member, cooling is realized by supplying the wind that flows in the centrifugal direction from the outer periphery of the cooling fan to the continuously variable transmission using the air guide plate.

  In the present invention, the air guide plate may be disposed at a side position of the cooling fan, and a lower end portion thereof may be supported by a front axle case that houses an axle of a front wheel.

  According to this, since the lower end of the air guide plate is supported by the front axle case, the air guide plate is maintained in a predetermined posture using the axle case, thereby realizing a stable air guide.

  The present invention may be configured such that the guide means is an auxiliary cooling fan that is driven by the driving force of the continuously variable transmission so as to send the wind flowing in the centrifugal direction toward the continuously variable transmission.

  According to this, since the auxiliary cooling fan sends the wind that flows in the centrifugal direction from the outer periphery of the cooling fan to the continuously variable transmission, the wind from the cooling fan is used without using a large-sized auxiliary cooling fan. Therefore, efficient cooling is realized.

It is the whole rice transplanter side view. It is a vertical side view of a rice transplanter front. It is a top view which shows the structure of a rice transplanter front part. It is a vertical front view of an engine bonnet part. It is a front view of the engine bonnet part of a rice transplanter. It is a side view of the engine bonnet part of a rice transplanter. It is a rear view of the engine bonnet part of a rice transplanter. It is a disassembled perspective view of the support structure of a baffle plate. It is a top view which shows the positional relationship of a cooling fan and a baffle plate. It is a side view which shows the positional relationship of a cooling fan and a baffle plate. It is a top view which shows the structure of the guide means of another embodiment (a).

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Overall structure of rice transplanter]
As shown in FIG. 1, a driving seat 3 is provided at the center of a traveling machine body A having a pair of left and right front wheels 1 and a pair of left and right rear wheels 2, and the hydraulic cylinder 4 is operated at the rear end of the traveling machine body A. A riding-type rice transplanter as a working machine is configured with a seedling planting device B that can be moved up and down via a link mechanism L that is moved up and down.

  In this rice transplanter, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the engine 5 (diesel engine) is arranged at the front position of the traveling machine body A, and the transmission case 6 and the rear axle case 7 are arranged at the rear position. A hydrostatic continuously variable transmission 8 is provided at a side position of the transmission case 6. The driving force of the engine 5 is transmitted to the continuously variable transmission 8 by the belt-type transmission mechanism D, the driving force shifted by the continuously variable transmission 8 is transmitted to the transmission case 6, and the driving force of the transmission case 6 is It is transmitted to the rear axle case 7 by the intermediate transmission shaft 9. A transmission structure for driving the left and right front wheels 1 with the driving force of the transmission case 6 and a transmission structure for driving the left and right rear wheels 2 with the driving force of the rear axle case 7 are provided. It is configured as a drive type.

  The seedling planting apparatus B includes a plurality of leveling floats 11, a seedling stage 12 on which mat-like seedlings are placed, and a rotary type in which seedlings are cut out from the mat-like seedlings placed on the seedling stage 12 and planted in a field scene. Planting mechanism 13. During the seedling planting operation, the plurality of leveling floats 11 level the muddy surface of the seedling planting location as the traveling machine body A travels, while the driving force transmitted from the external output shaft 14 moves the seedling platform 12 in the left-right direction. When the reciprocating operation is performed, the rotary planting mechanism 13 cuts out the seedlings by a predetermined amount from the lower end of the mat-like seedling of the seedling mounting table 12 and implants the seedlings in the field.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, a steering wheel 21 is disposed at a front position of the driver seat 3, and a boarding step 22 is formed at a lower position of the driver seat 3. A main transmission lever 23 is disposed at the left side position of the steering wheel 21, and an auxiliary transmission lever 24 is disposed at the left side portion of the driver seat 3. Although not shown in the drawing, an operation lever that performs raising / lowering control of the seedling planting device B and control of power to the seedling planting device B is disposed on the right side portion of the driver seat 3. The main transmission lever 23 operates the continuously variable transmission 8 and the auxiliary transmission lever 24 operates a gear-type transmission incorporated in the transmission case 6.

  An engine bonnet 25 that houses the engine 5 is provided at the front portion of the traveling machine body A, and a boarding / alighting step 26 that enables boarding / alighting from a front position of the machine body is formed on both sides of the engine bonnet 25. A center mascot 27 is provided at the center position of the front end of the engine bonnet 25, a headlamp 28 is provided at the left and right positions of the front part of the engine bonnet 25, and a steering wheel 21 is provided at the rear part of the engine bonnet 25. A large number of intake ports 25A are formed on the upper surface and the rear surface of the engine bonnet 25, and a large number of exhaust ports 25B are formed on the side surface and the front surface of the engine bonnet 25. In particular, a large number of intake ports 25A are formed on the rear surface of the engine bonnet 25 so as to extend up and down at the left and right central portions, and a plurality of intake ports 25A are formed at the lower portions of the left and right side portions. In addition, on the left and right side surfaces of the engine bonnet 25, a large number of discharge ports 25B are formed over substantially the entire area. In addition, the discharge port 25B provided between the left and right headlamps 28 is provided in a state in which a front and rear direction air guide path is formed in a state of being aligned vertically.

  The shapes of the air inlet 25A and the air outlet 25B are not limited to the slit shape. For example, the shape and size may be such as regularly arranging round or square shapes, or combining different shapes and sizes. Can be set arbitrarily. Specifically, a plurality of hole-like intake ports 25A may be formed on the upper surface of the engine bonnet 25 in place of the horizontally elongated slits, and the abbreviated shape formed on the rear surface of the engine bonnet 25. Instead of a large number of slit-shaped intake ports 25A having the same shape, a plurality of holes may be used, or a relatively large size intake port 25A may be stretched. In the same manner, a plurality of hole-shaped discharge ports 25B may be formed as the discharge ports 25B instead of the rectangular hole-shaped discharge ports 25B arranged at the lower part of the headlamp 28, or a large number of vertically and horizontally long ones. A slit-shaped discharge port 25B may be formed. Furthermore, the size of the large number of outlets 25B formed on the side surface of the engine bonnet 25 is set so that the opening area per unit area becomes larger toward the upper position of the engine bonnet 25. The position of the engine bonnet 25 and the opening area per unit area may be arbitrarily set, for example, by setting different values or by increasing the number of the discharge ports 25B as the position is higher above the engine bonnet 25. good.

  An air cleaner 31 for supplying intake air to the engine 5 is provided inside the engine bonnet 25, and a muffler 32 for sending engine exhaust is provided below one of the getting-on / off steps 26. A radiator fan 33 driven by an electric fan motor 33M and a radiator 34 to which cooling air is supplied from the radiator fan 33 are provided in the engine bonnet 25 at a position behind the engine 5.

  The lower end of the radiator 34 is supported by a front frame 41 that supports the engine 5, and a filler 35 such as a sponge is provided between the outer periphery of the radiator 34 and the engine bonnet 25. In this radiator 34, by using a large radiator fan 33, the air blowing area of the radiator fan 33 is made as large as possible with respect to the area where the radiator core of the radiator 34 is arranged in the front-rear direction, so that the cooling efficiency is improved. Improvements are being made.

  As shown by arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cooling air sucked from the plurality of intake ports 25 </ b> A is supplied from the rear surface side of the radiator 34 to the front surface side, and the cooling air that has passed through the radiator 34 is brought into contact with the engine 5. The cooling system of the engine 5 is configured so as to pass through the side of the engine 5 in a state of being divided into left and right, and to send out mainly from a plurality of discharge ports 25B on both sides of the engine bonnet 25 to the outside of the engine bonnet.

  By configuring the cooling system in this manner, the cooling air is mainly discharged from the discharge port 25B above the getting-on / off step 26, for example, compared with a configuration in which the cooling air is sent to the lower side of the engine 5. Even in the working state where the mud surface reaches the lower side of the engine 5, the cooling air is discharged to the mud surface without being obstructed and a good cooling state appears.

  In this rice transplanter, the end of the intake pipe 31 </ b> A of the air cleaner 31 is arranged on the rear side of the radiator 34, and the intake air is sucked from the space behind the radiator 34.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the engine 5 is supported on the front frame 41 via a vibration isolating rubber 42. The rear end of the front frame 41 is connected to the transmission case 6, the front ends of a pair of left and right main frames 43 are connected to the rear position of the transmission case 6, and the rear axle case 7 is connected to the rear end position of the main frame 43. I support it. The engine 5 is supported with the output shaft 5A in a horizontal posture, and an output pulley 45 is provided on the output shaft 5A.

[Continuously variable transmission]
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 9, and 10, the continuously variable transmission 8 is supplied with a variable displacement hydraulic pump 8P to which the driving force from the input shaft 8A is transmitted and the hydraulic pump 8P. A hydraulic motor 8M that rotates with hydraulic oil and transmits this rotational driving force to the transmission case 6 is incorporated. A number of fins for heat dissipation are formed on the outer wall surface of the continuously variable transmission 8, and a trunnion shaft 8T capable of adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 8P projects upward from the upper surface of the outer wall surface. ing. The trunnion shaft 8T and the main transmission lever 23 described above are mechanically linked (not shown), and the traveling speed in the forward direction and the reverse direction can be set steplessly by operating the main transmission lever 23. ing.

  The input shaft 8A is set in a horizontal posture, and the input shaft 8A is provided with an input pulley 46, and an endless belt 47 is wound around the input pulley 46 and the output pulley 45 described above. A tension pulley 49 is supported on a swinging end of a tension arm 48 that is swingably supported by the front frame 41. Yes. The output pulley 45, the input pulley 46, the endless belt 47, and the tension pulley 49 constitute a belt type transmission mechanism D.

  Further, a front axle case 6A is provided on both side surfaces of the mission case 6 so as to transmit the driving force of the mission case 6 to the left and right front wheels 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the continuously variable transmission 8 is provided as cooling air by sucking outside air to a position between the input pulley 46 and the case on the input shaft 8 </ b> A of the continuously variable transmission 8. A cooling fan 51 is provided for supplying to the projector. The cooling fan 51 only needs to rotate integrally with the input shaft 8 </ b> A, and may be directly connected to the input shaft 8 </ b> A or connected to the input pulley 46. Further, the cooling fan 51 may be provided on the outer end side (the end on the opposite side of the continuously variable transmission 8) from the input pulley 46.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the cooling fan 51 sucks cooling air from the outside by rotation and supplies it to the continuously variable transmission 8 to cool the continuously variable transmission 8. The cooling air that has passed through the portion 8 is supplied to the mission case 6 so as to cool the mission case 6. The cooling fan 51 does not send cooling air only in the axial direction of the input shaft 8A, but also produces wind flowing in the centrifugal direction from the outer peripheral portion. In this rice transplanter, the cooling fan 51 flows in the centrifugal direction. An air guide plate 52 is provided as guide means G for mainly changing the wind in the direction of the hydraulic motor 8M of the continuously variable transmission 8. The air guide plate 52 is in an inclined posture inclined obliquely along the rear outer surface shape of the continuously variable transmission 8 in plan view, and in the side view, the front end thereof is in alignment with the outer peripheral shape of the rear portion of the cooling fan 51. Thus, it is arranged immediately after the cooling fan 51.

  A connecting member 54 shaped to wrap around the lower surface side of the front axle case 6A and a support plate 55 connected to the upper surface of the front axle case 6A are connected by bolts 56. The support plate 55 includes a connecting portion 55A that comes into contact with the front axle case 6A, and a placement support portion 55B that has a triangular shape in plan view and is disposed at a higher height than the connecting portion 55A. Has been. A bracket 57 is supported on the step frame 22A that supports the lower surface side of the boarding step 22. The air guide plate 52 has a plate shape that is curved so that an intermediate portion in the vertical direction swells outwardly from the airframe, and extends from the cooling fan 51 in a centrifugal direction (a direction orthogonal to the rotational axis of the input shaft 8A). In plan view, the front end side is brought close to the outer periphery of the cooling fan 51 and the rear end side is brought closer to the outer surface of the case of the continuously variable transmission 8 so as to guide the blown wind toward the continuously variable transmission 8. The lower end is placed and supported on the support plate 55 in an oblique posture that is approximately 45 degrees with respect to the front-rear direction of the traveling machine body A, and the upper end is connected to the bracket 57.

  The air guide plate 52 is supported by the following procedure. That is, the bracket 57 is connected to the upper portion of the air guide plate 52 by welding or the like, the lower end of the air guide plate 52 is fixed to the support plate 55 by welding or the like, and the base end of the bracket 57 is connected to the left and right by the connecting pin 57A. The step frame 22A is supported so as to be swingable around the axis. Next, the connecting portion 55 </ b> A is connected to the front axle case 6 </ b> A by the connecting member 54 with the bolt 56. By adopting such a support form, the wind guide plate 52 is suspended when the support plate 55 is supported on the front axle case 6A by the bolt 56, so that the set is easy, and the posture of the wind guide plate 52 is changed. This can reduce the time and effort required to decide. In particular, the air guide plate 52 and the support plate 55 are not necessarily connected and fixed. For example, a recess or a hole in which the lower end of the air guide plate 52 fits into the upper surface of the support plate 55 (the upper surface of the connecting portion 55A). Etc., and a configuration in which the lower end of the air guide plate 52 is fitted into these may be employed. Further, after connecting the support plate 55 to the front axle case 6A, a flange is formed at the lower end of the air guide plate 52 so that the lower end portion of the air guide plate 52 can be connected to the upper surface of the support plate 55 (the upper surface of the connecting portion 55A). And you may employ | adopt the structure which can connect this flange and 55 A of connection parts with a volt | bolt etc. Further, the connecting pin 57A is configured to be insertable / removable, or the connecting pin 57 is configured by a connecting bolt or the like, so that the air guide plate 52 is supported by the support plate 55 and then the upper end of the connecting step 57 is mounted on the boarding step 22. You may employ | adopt the structure supported on the lower surface side. Thus, the support form of the lower end side and the upper end side of the air guide plate 52 can be arbitrarily set.

  Thereby, the driving force of the engine 5 is transmitted to the continuously variable transmission 8 by the belt-type transmission mechanism D, and when the cooling fan 51 is driven, the direction along the axis of the input shaft 8A of the continuously variable transmission 8 In addition, the cooling air of the cooling fan 51 is supplied to the continuously variable transmission 8, and the air sent from the outer peripheral portion of the cooling fan 51 in the centrifugal direction is supplied to the continuously variable transmission 8 by the air guide plate 52. Therefore, since the wind that flows out from the outer peripheral portion of the cooling fan 51 in the centrifugal direction and does not function to cool the continuously variable transmission 8 can be supplied to the continuously variable transmission 8 as cooling air, the continuously variable transmission can be performed without using a large fan. The oil temperature rise of the device 8 can be suppressed, and not only the continuously variable transmission 8 but also the temperature of the transmission case 6 is suppressed.

[Another embodiment]
In addition to the above-described embodiments, the present invention may be configured as follows (the components having the same functions as those of the embodiments are given the same numbers and symbols as those of the embodiments).

(A) As shown in FIG. 11, as the guide means G, the output shaft 8D of the hydraulic motor 8M of the continuously variable transmission 8 is protruded laterally from the outer wall surface of the continuously variable transmission 8, and the output shaft 8D The auxiliary cooling fan 61 is provided as the guide means G. The auxiliary cooling fan 61 has a cooling air supply direction set so as to supply the cooling air to the continuously variable transmission 8 by rotation, and the auxiliary cooling fan 61 allows the wind flowing in the centrifugal direction from the outer periphery of the cooling fan 51. Functions to be sucked and guided in the direction of the continuously variable transmission 8. As a result, wind that flows in the centrifugal direction from the outer peripheral portion of the cooling fan 51 is actively supplied to the continuously variable transmission 8 as cooling air, and can also be actively supplied to the transmission case 6 for cooling. Become.

(B) As the guide means G, the air guide plate 52 and the auxiliary cooling fan 61 described above are combined. By combining in this way, it is possible to efficiently take in the wind flowing in the centrifugal direction from the outer peripheral portion of the cooling fan 51 and efficiently supply it to the continuously variable transmission 8 as cooling air.

(C) The air guide plate 52 is disposed above or below the cooling fan 51 so as to guide the air flowing from the upper side or the lower side of the outer periphery of the cooling fan 51 toward the continuously variable transmission 8. May be.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for all working machines provided with a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission.

1 front wheel 5 engine 5A output shaft 6A front axle case 8 continuously variable transmission 8A input shaft 45 output pulley 46 input pulley 47 endless belt 51 cooling fan 52 wind guide plate 61 auxiliary cooling fan D transmission mechanism (belt type transmission mechanism)
G Guide means

Claims (4)

A cooling mechanism comprising a transmission mechanism in which an endless belt is wound around an output pulley provided on an output shaft of an engine and an input pulley provided on an input shaft of a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, and rotates integrally with the input shaft. A working machine equipped with a fan,
The flow of cooling air by the cooling fan is set so that outside air is sucked and supplied to the continuously variable transmission, and the cooling fan is connected to the outer periphery of the cooling fan from the outer periphery of the cooling fan. A work machine comprising guide means for sending wind flowing in a centrifugal direction perpendicular to the drive shaft core in the direction of the continuously variable transmission.   The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide means is configured by an air guide plate that changes a flow direction of the wind flowing in the centrifugal direction to a direction of the continuously variable transmission.   The work machine according to claim 2, wherein the air guide plate is disposed at a side position of the cooling fan, and a lower end portion thereof is supported by a front axle case that houses an axle of a front wheel.   2. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide means includes an auxiliary cooling fan that is driven by a driving force of the continuously variable transmission so as to send wind flowing in the centrifugal direction toward the continuously variable transmission. .

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