JP2011074710A - Pile pulling-out device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pile pulling-out device which can change the leverage of an operation lever even halfway through the pulling-out operation of a pile and which can always achieve smooth pulling-out work of the pile. <P>SOLUTION: The pile pulling-out device is provided with a leverage changing means 17 which changes the leverage of the operation lever 14 by moving the engagement position of an engagement part 141 with the fulcrum bolt 115 provided at the top of the support 11 in the axial direction of the operation lever 14. The leverage changing means 17 releases the engagement of the engagement hole 141b on the other side with the fulcrum bolt 115 by performing upward return operation of the operation part 142 halfway through the pulling-out operation of the pile K, and changes the leverage of the operation lever 14 by achieving the engagement of the engagement hole 141a on one side with the fulcrum bolt 115 by operating the operation part 142 downward in a state where the engagement position of the engagement part 141 with the fulcrum bolt 115 has been moved to the end on one side of a groove part 171 which is brought into agreement with the engagement hole 141a on one side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile pulling device for pulling out a steel pipe pile that is driven into the ground for agricultural work.

  Steel pipe piles used for growing vine crops or as a pillar of a greenhouse in agricultural work are driven into the ground of cultivated land. Such stakes may rust due to the geology of the cultivated cultivated land or the period of use after being laid. For this reason, when pulling out a rusted pile, a great pulling force is required.

  Therefore, conventionally, a pile pulling apparatus that applies the lever principle to smoothly pull out a pile is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 11, this pile pulling device is detachable with respect to a support 71, a lifting body 72 that is supported by the lower part of the support 71 so as to be movable up and down, and a fulcrum 71 a provided at the upper part of the support 71. And an operation lever 73 having an operation portion 73b on one end side. A pile support member 74 having a pile receiving portion 74a for receiving a pile k driven into the ground from the front is provided on the lifting body 72 so as to protrude forward. The pile support member 74 supports a pinching portion 74b that holds the pile k received by the pile receiving portion 74a from the rear when moving forward, so that the pin 74 can be moved forward and backward. The other end of the operation lever 73 is connected to a link mechanism 75 that moves the holding portion 74b forward and moves the lift 72 upward when the operation portion 73b is operated downward. And when pulling out the pile k, by operating the operation portion 73b downward, the pile k received by the pile receiving portion 74a is nipped from the rear by the advance movement of the clamping portion 74b, The pile k is pulled out by moving the elevating body 72 upward via a link mechanism 75.

Further, the engaging portion 73a of the pile pulling device is configured to change the lever ratio of the operating lever 73 by moving the engaging position of the engaging portion 73a with respect to the fulcrum 71a in the axial direction of the operating lever 73. Ratio changing means 76 is provided. The lever ratio changing means 76 includes a plurality of engagement holes 76 a, 76 a, 76 a provided along the axial direction of the operation lever 73. In the lever ratio changing means 76, the engagement position of the engagement portion 73a with respect to the fulcrum 71a is moved to the optimum match position of the engagement hole 76a, assuming the pulling hardness of a large number of piles k in advance. The lever ratio of the operation lever 73 is changed.
That is, before starting the pull-out operation of the pile k, one of the engagement holes 76a is selected in advance assuming the pulling hardness of the target multiple piles k, and the engagement portion 73a with respect to the fulcrum 71a is selected. The engagement position is moved to a position that matches the selected engagement hole 76a. Then, the bolt 76b inserted through the selected engagement hole 76a is inserted into the fulcrum hole at the top of the column 71, and is fastened by the nut 76c to be the fulcrum 71a with respect to the column 71 of the operation lever 73. The lever ratio of the operation lever 73 is changed, and a large number of piles k are continuously pulled out with the changed lever ratio.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-54444

By the way, when pulling out a large number of piles, the pulling hardness of each pile is not uniform due to differences in rust formation, etc., and the pulling hardness of each pile is not until the pile pulling operation is actually started. Prove.
However, in changing the lever ratio of the operation lever, the engaging position of the engaging portion with respect to the fulcrum is moved to a matching position with another engaging hole, and then inserted into the engaging hole. The troublesome work of fixing the bolt to the fulcrum hole at the top of the column is necessary. For this reason, even if a pile with a pulling hardness that is unsuitable for the lever ratio of the operating lever is found at the start of the pulling operation of the pile, an operation to change the lever ratio of the operating lever during the pulling operation is performed each time. There is a risk that it will be difficult to pull out the pile.

  The present invention has been made in view of such points, and the object of the present invention is to be able to change the lever ratio of the operation lever even during the pulling operation of the pile, and to smoothly perform the pulling operation of the pile from start to finish. An object of the present invention is to provide a pile pulling device that can perform the above.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a pillar, a lifting body supported so as to be movable up and down along the pillar, and a pile that projects forward from the lifting body and is driven into the ground are received from the front. A pile support member having a receiving part, and an engaging part that detachably engages with a support part provided on the upper part of the support column above the lifting body on the other end side, An operation lever having an operation part that is operated up and down around the support part through the engagement part on one end side, and a pile that is supported by the pile support member so as to freely advance and retreat, and that is received by the pile receiving part And a link that is connected to the other end of the operation lever and moves the holding portion forward and moves the lifting body upward when operated downward. Mechanism and engagement of the engagement portion with the support portion A lever ratio changing means for changing the lever ratio of the operation lever by moving the position in the axial direction of the operation lever, and the operation with the lever ratio of the operation lever arbitrarily changed by the lever ratio changing means Pulling out the pile by pulling the pile up by moving the lifting body upward while holding the pile received by the pile receiving portion from behind by moving the holding portion downward Assume equipment. And the lever ratio changing means is provided on the groove portion for moving the engagement position of the engagement portion with respect to the support portion in the axial direction of the operation lever, respectively, and the above-mentioned at the time of pulling-out operation of the pile The engagement portion with respect to the support portion can be engaged with the support portion by an operation of returning the operation portion upward during the pull-out operation of the pile while the engagement portion can be engaged with the support portion by operating the operation portion downward. And a plurality of engagement holes for releasing the engagement.

With this specific matter, when the engagement of any engagement hole engaged with the support part is released by operating the operation part back upward during the pull-out operation of the pile, the support The engaging position of the engaging portion with respect to the portion can be moved in the axial direction of the operation lever in the groove portion. Then, when the operation portion is operated downward in a state where the engagement position of the engagement portion with respect to the support portion is moved within the groove portion to a position that matches the other engagement hole, the other portions with respect to the support portion are The engagement hole can be engaged, and the lever ratio of the operation lever is changed.
For this reason, when the pile pullout operation is started, if it is determined that the pile has a pulling hardness that is unsuitable for the current lever lever ratio, the operation section is moved upward during the pullout operation. The lever ratio of the operation lever is changed by a simple operation of moving the engagement position of the engagement portion with respect to the support portion in the axial direction and then operating the operation portion downward. As a result, the operation lever is changed to the optimum lever ratio each time when the pulling hardness of the piles that differ from one another is found, and the pulling work of the piles can be performed smoothly from start to finish.

And if the said operation part is returned and operated upwards in the middle of the said pulling-out operation of the said pile, the said clamping part will move backward and the pinching state of the pile from the back will be cancelled | released. At this time, although the pile that has begun to be pulled out as the lifting body rises during the pulling operation of the pile is left behind in a state where it has started to be pulled out due to friction with soil in the ground, the lifting body is Descends as the part moves out.
Therefore, when the operation part of the operation lever is operated again downward and the pulling operation of the pile is resumed, the pile is pulled out by the advancing movement of the holding part at the lowered position of the lifting body lowered by the return operation of the operation part. It is held at a position below the starting position and newly picked up. In this state, when the pull-out operation of the pile is resumed by the operation lever whose lever ratio has been changed, it becomes possible to efficiently pull out the pile by the rising amount of the lifting body that is newly picked up and re-raised from the lowered position. .

  Moreover, it is preferable to provide the said lifting body with the rolling member which reduces the excessive contact with the said support | pillar by the load from the said pile which acts with respect to the said lifting body at the time of the said pull-out operation of the said pile by rolling with respect to the said support | pillar. According to this, the over-contact of the lifting body with respect to the column during the pull-out operation of the pile is alleviated by the rolling member, and the lifting / lowering of the lifting unit due to rust generated on the sliding contact surface between the lifting unit and the column is reduced. Is also relaxed by the rolling member, and the lifting body can be lifted and lowered smoothly with respect to the column.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said raising / lowering body raises / lowers in the vertical direction approximate middle part vicinity of the said support | pillar. According to this, the pile is clamped in the vicinity of the substantially intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the support column by the pile receiving portion and the clamping portion of the pile support member protruding from the lifting body that moves up and down in the vicinity of the approximately intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the support column. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently swing the pile driven into the ground with the lower end of the support as a fulcrum and widen the contact surface or close contact surface of the pile in the ground, and efficiently perform the pulling work of the pile Can do.

  Further, the length from the lower end of the support column to the support unit is set shorter than the length of the operation lever with respect to the support unit, and the device body is not attached to the support column, the pile support member, or the lifting body. It is preferable to provide a securing means for securing the operation lever in a state where the operation lever is rotated around the support portion and the operation portion is positioned at a lower portion of the support column during use. According to this, when the apparatus main body is not used, the operation lever is secured along the support column and becomes very space-saving, and it is possible to provide a pile pulling apparatus that is excellent in storage property and portability.

In short, on the groove part that moves the engagement position of the engagement part with respect to the support part of the support column in the axial direction of the operation lever, the engagement with the support part is performed by operating the operation part below during the pull-out operation of the pile. On the other hand, by providing a plurality of engagement holes for releasing the engagement with the support portion by returning the operation portion upward during the pulling operation of the pile, the operation portion is returned upward during the pulling operation. The lever ratio of the operation lever is changed by a simple operation of operating the operation portion downward by moving the engagement position of the engagement portion with respect to the support portion after the operation. Thereby, when the pulling-out hardness of the piles which are different from each other is found, the operation lever can be changed to the optimum lever ratio every time, and the pulling-out work of the pile can be performed smoothly from start to finish.
Moreover, if the operation part is returned upward during the pulling operation of the pile, the holding state of the pile by the clamping part is released, so the operation part of the operating lever is operated downward again to perform the pulling operation of the pile. When it resumes, it will be picked up again at a position below the position where the piles began to be pulled out. In this state, when the pull-out operation of the pile is resumed by the operation lever whose lever ratio is changed, the pile can be efficiently pulled out by the rising amount of the lifting body that is newly picked up and re-raised from the lowered position.

It is the left view which looked at the pile extraction apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention from the left side, Comprising: The state where the pile driven into the ground was clamped by the pile receiving part and the clamping part is shown. It is the perspective view which looked at the raising / lowering body vicinity of the pile drawing-out apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention from diagonally left back. It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected the pile drawing-out apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention just above a rolling roller, and was seen from upper direction. It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected the pile drawing-out apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention in the fulcrum hole vicinity of a support | pillar, and was seen from upper direction. It is the right view which looked at the pile extraction device which concerns on embodiment of this invention from the right side, Comprising: (a) shows the state which engaged the other side engagement hole with respect to the fulcrum, (b) The state which engaged the one side engagement hole with the fulcrum is shown. It is a left view of the pile drawing-out apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The state which pulled out the pile piled in the ground a little by operation to the downward direction of the operation lever is shown. It is a left view of the pile extraction apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The state which made the other side engagement hole remove | separate with respect to a fulcrum by the return operation to the upper direction of the operation lever is shown. It is a left view of the pile drawing-out apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The one side engagement hole is engaged with the fulcrum, and the state which changed the lever ratio of the operation lever is shown. It is the left view of the pile extraction device which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The state which pulled up the pile driven into the ground by raising the raising / lowering part by the downward operation of the operation lever by which the lever ratio was changed Is shown. It is a left view of the pile extraction apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The storage state at the time of apparatus main body non-use is shown. It is a left view of the pile drawing apparatus which concerns on a prior art example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention. In addition, the following embodiment is an example which actualized this invention, Comprising: It is not the thing of the character which limits the technical scope of this invention.
First, the schematic structure of the pile drawing-out apparatus 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pile pulling device 1 includes a support column 11, an elevating body 12, a pile support member 13, an operation lever 14, and a link mechanism 15.

  The column 11 is made of a steel pipe having a substantially annular cross section extending in the vertical direction. A substantially rectangular expansion plate 111 having an expanded installation area with respect to the ground G is fixed to the lower end of the column 11, and the lower end of the column 11 is closed by the expansion plate 111. In addition, a bottomed cylindrical grip 112 that is gripped when the support 11 is erected on the ground G is attached to the top of the support 11, and the upper end of the support 11 is closed by the grip 112. ing. In addition, the direction prescribed | regulated in description of the support | pillar 11 is based on the use condition of the apparatus main body 10, and the use condition of the apparatus main body 10 is used also about the other component which comprises the pile drawing-out apparatus 1 for convenience of subsequent description. The direction specified on the basis of

  As shown in FIG. 2, the elevating body 12 is made of a steel tube having a substantially annular cross section whose inner peripheral surface is slidably fitted to the outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of the central portion in the vertical direction of the column 11. It is possible to move up and down along the column 11. The lifting body 12 is further restricted from being moved downward or lowered by a substantially annular stopper 113 fixed to a height of about one third from the lower end of the column 11. That is, the elevating body 12 is configured to move up and down in the vicinity of a substantially intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the support column 11.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the pile support member 13 is fixed to the front right side of the lower part of the lifting body 12 via a steel angle member 131. The pile support member 13 is made of a steel material having a substantially U-shaped cross section that protrudes forward from the front right side in the lower part of the lifting body 12. At the tip (front end) of the pile support member 13 is provided a bulging portion 132 that bulges to the left so as to face in front of the lower side of the elevating body 12 on the front left side. A pile receiving portion 133 that receives the pile K driven into the ground G from the front is fixed to the bulging portion 132. The pile receiving portion 133 is made of an angle steel material bent at approximately 90 °, and is attached to the bulging portion 132 at the tip of the pile supporting member 13 so that the recessed side faces rearward (toward the support column 11). ing. In addition, the pile receiving part 133 is not limited to what was bent at about 90 degrees, the pillar 11 side is a flat thing, the thing recessed in the cross-sectional semicircular arc shape, and angles other than about 90 degrees. Various shapes such as those having bent concave portions, those having a plurality of chevron shapes arranged in parallel, and those having a sawtooth shape can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the operation lever 14 is detachably engaged with a fulcrum 114 (an example of a support portion) provided on the upper portion of the support column 11 above the lifting body 12. An engaging portion 141 is provided. The operating lever 14 has an axis extending in the longitudinal direction, and has an operating portion 142 that is operated up and down around the fulcrum 114 via the engaging portion 141 on one side (right side in FIG. 1). ing. The operation lever 14 is formed in a substantially circular cross section in the vicinity of the operation portion 142 on one side, whereas it is formed in a substantially elliptical cross section in the vicinity of the counter operation portion 142 on the other side. Yes. In this case, the fulcrum 114 is constituted by fastening fulcrum bolts 115 inserted through fulcrum holes 114a penetrating the upper part of the support column 11 in the left-right direction with nuts 116 and 116.

  1 to 3, the link mechanism 15 is rotatably connected to the other end (left end in FIG. 1) of the operation lever 14 via a first bolt 150 and nuts 157 and 157. And a stay member 151 extending downward, and a substantially trapezoidal plate-like swinging member 153 having a corner portion rotatably connected to a substantially intermediate portion in the front-rear direction of the pile support member 13 via a second bolt 152. ing. The lower end of the stay member 151 has a third bolt 158 (shown in FIG. 2) and a nut 154 at one corner (rear in FIG. 1) adjacent to the corner of the swing member 153 on the second bolt 152 side. It is connected via a rotation. Reference numeral 134 denotes a stopper piece that abuts on the lower end of the stay member 151 and restricts the further downward movement of the stay member 151 (movement below the lower end of the pile support member 13).

  On the front side of the rocking member 153, a holding portion 16 is provided for holding the pile K received by the pile receiving portion 133 from the rear. The clamping portion 16 is made of an angle steel material bent at approximately 90 °, and has a pair of left and right mounting flanges 161 and 161 protruding rearward. And the said clamping part 16 was connected with the said 2nd volt | bolt 152 and the nut 159 (appearing in FIG. 5) of the said rocking | swiveling member 153 so that the recessed side might become frontward (facing the pile receiving part 133 side). Mounting flanges 161 and 161 are rotatably connected to a corner adjacent to the other corner (upper in FIG. 1) via a fourth bolt 155 and nuts 156 and 156. The clamping portion 16 is supported so as to be able to advance and retract in the front-rear direction along with the swing member 153 swinging around the second bolt 152 with respect to the pile support member 13, and the pile receiving portion 133 when advanced forward. Hold the pile K received at the rear from behind. The forward movement of the sandwiching portion 16 is performed by operating the operation portion 142 of the operation lever 14 downward, and by further operating the operation portion 142 of the operation lever 14 downward, the pile receiving portion. In the state where the pile K received at 133 is held by the sandwiching portion 16, the lifting body 12 is moved upward to pull out the pile K. In this case, the clamping force of the pile K due to the advance movement of the clamping unit 16 acts while gradually increasing as the lifting body 12 is moved upward.

  The engaging portion 141 of the operation lever 14 is made of a thick steel plate (for example, about 5 to 7 mm thick) long in the axial direction of the operation lever 14, and has one end at the upper end near the other side of the operation lever 14. The long side is fixed and protrudes upward from the upper end on the other side of the operation lever 14. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the engaging portion 141 is moved by moving the engaging position of the engaging portion 141 with respect to the fulcrum 114 in the axial direction of the operating lever 14. Lever ratio changing means 17 for changing the lever ratio of the operation lever 14 is provided. The lever ratio changing means 17 includes a groove portion 171 that extends the engagement portion 141 along the axial direction of the operation lever 14, and a direction toward the counter operation lever 14 from one side end and the other side end of the groove portion 171 (in FIG. 5). One side and the other side engagement holes 141a and 141b respectively cut out in the upward direction). The engaging portion 141 is inserted into the head side of the fulcrum bolt 115 while being sandwiched by two flat washers 117 and 117 from both the left and right sides, and is slidable on the head side. . And the fulcrum bolt 115 which sandwiched the engaging part 141 by each said plain washer 117 is inserted by the leg part side through the fulcrum hole 114a via the spacer 118, and is attached by the two nuts 116 and 116 being fastened together. The engagement holes 141a and 141b can be engaged and disengaged with respect to the fulcrum bolt 115 sliding on the groove 171. Specifically, when the fulcrum bolt 115 is located at either one of both ends of the groove portion 171 of the engagement portion 141, the fulcrum bolt 115 is operated by operating the operation portion 142 of the operation lever 14 downward. The one engagement hole 141a (or 141b) is engaged with. When the operation portion 142 of the operation lever 14 is returned upward while the fulcrum bolt 115 is engaged with the one engagement hole 141a (or 141b), one engagement with the fulcrum bolt 115 is achieved. The joint hole 141a (or 141b) is detached. In this case, the fulcrum bolt 115 detached from the one-side and other-side engagement holes 141a and 141b slides in the groove portion 171 according to the operation of the operation portion 142 of the operation lever 14 in the vertical direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a window 121 is provided at the upper end of the lifting body 12 with the rear side (lower side in FIG. 3) cut out in a substantially semicircular cross section. A pinched roller 122 (an example of a rolling member) that rolls with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the support column 11 via the window 121 is provided. The roller 122 has fifth bolts 124 and nuts at both ends of a substantially U-shaped bracket 123 fixed to the front side (upper side in FIG. 3) corresponding to the window 121 at the upper end of the elevating body 12. 125 and 125 are rotatably supported. And the said roller 122 exhibits the surrounding surface shape which substantially corresponds with the curvature of the outer peripheral surface of the said support | pillar 11, and the said support | pillar by the load from the said pile K which acts with respect to the said raising / lowering body 12 at the time of the extraction operation of the said pile K Is reduced by rolling with respect to the column 11. In this case, the load from the pile K that acts on the lifting body 12 during the pulling operation of the pile K is a load that pulls the rear side of the upper end of the lifting body 12 forward.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the length from the lower end of the column 11 to the fulcrum of the operation lever 14 in the state where the other side engagement hole 141 b is engaged with the fulcrum 114 is as follows. The length is set shorter than 114. Further, a lashing means 19 (see FIG. 10) for securing the operation lever 14 when the apparatus main body 10 is not used is provided near the lifting body 12 of the pile support member 13. The securing means 19 is a bolt insertion hole 191 that opens near the lifting body 12 of the pile support member 13, and is rotated around the fulcrum 114 to position the operation portion 142 below the support 11. A bolt insertion hole 192 opened to a corresponding position of the operation lever 14 corresponding to the bolt insertion hole 191, a butterfly bolt 193 inserted into the bolt insertion holes 191, 192, and a butterfly nut screwed to the butterfly bolt 193 194. The operation lever 14 is rotated around the fulcrum 114 when the apparatus main body 10 is not used, and the butterfly inserted through the bolt insertion holes 191 and 192 in a state where the operation unit 142 is positioned below the support column 11. The bolt 193 is secured by screwing the wing nut 194 to the bolt 193. In this case, the butterfly bolt 193 and the butterfly nut 194 are attached to a portion that does not interfere with the apparatus main body 10 (for example, inserted into the bolt insertion hole 192 of the operation lever 14) and used when the apparatus main body 10 is not used.

Next, an example of the pulling-out operation | movement of the pile K by the pile drawing-out apparatus 1 is demonstrated based on FIG. 1, FIG.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, in a state where the fulcrum bolt 115 is slid to the other side (left side in FIG. 1) of the groove portion 171, the operation portion 142 of the operation lever 14 is operated downward to form the fulcrum bolt 115. On the other hand, the other side engagement hole 141b of the engagement part 141 is engaged. The lever ratio of the operation lever 14 set by the engagement of the fulcrum bolt 115 with the other side engagement hole 141b is determined in advance assuming the pulling hardness of a large number of piles K (only one is shown in the figure). It is a thing.
Then, as the operation unit 142 is operated downward, the swing member 153 is interposed via a stay member 151 whose upper end rotates around the first bolt 150 at the other end (left end in FIG. 1) of the operation lever 14. Rotates forward around the second bolt 152 of the pile support member 13. Thereby, the clamping part 16 advances ahead, and the pile K received by the pile receiving part 133 of the said pile support member 13 front end is pinched from back.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, in a state where the fulcrum bolt 115 is engaged with the other engagement hole 141b of the engagement part 141, the operation part 142 is further operated downward. Then, in a state where the pile K received by the pile receiving portion 133 is sandwiched from the rear by the sandwiching portion 16, the lifting body 12 rises upward via the link mechanism 15 (stay member 151 and swing member 153). As the elevating body 12 rises, the pile K begins to be pulled out from the ground G.
At this time, since the fulcrum bolt 115 is engaged with the other side engagement hole 141b of the engagement part 141, the distance from the one side end of the operation lever 14 to the fulcrum 114 becomes longer, so that the force of the operation part 142 is increased. The largest force acts as a force for raising the elevating body 12 from the other end via the link mechanism 15, that is, a force for pulling out the pile. However, on the other hand, since the distance from the other end of the operation lever 14 to the fulcrum 114 is shortened, the lifting amount of the elevating body 12, that is, the pulling amount of the pile K is smaller than the moving amount of the operating portion 142 downward. Become.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when the pile K starts to be pulled out from the ground G, the operation portion 142 of the operation lever 14 is returned upward, and the lever ratio changing means 17 sets the lever ratio of the operation lever 14. The fulcrum bolt 115 is detached from the other side engagement hole 141b to be changed. At this time, the swinging member 153 rotates rearward around the second bolt 152 of the pile support member 13 via the stay member 151 by the return operation of the operation portion 142 upward, and the clamping portion 16 moves backward. To release the stake K. For this reason, although the pulling operation of the said pile K is started and the pile K which began to be pulled out with the raise of the said raising / lowering body 12 is left behind by the friction with the soil in the ground, the said raising / lowering body 12 is the said clamping part 16 Descends as the exit moves.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, the engagement position of the engagement portion 141 with respect to the fulcrum 114 is moved to one side in the axial direction of the operation lever 14, and one side engagement of the engagement portion 141 with respect to the fulcrum bolt 115. The lever ratio of the operation lever 14 is changed by engaging the joint hole 141a. At this time, when the operation portion 142 of the operation lever 14 whose lever ratio has been changed is again operated downward to resume the pull-out operation of the pile K, the lifting body 12 is lowered by the return operation of the operation portion 142 above. At the position, the holding portion 16 moves forward through the link mechanism 15 and is held between the pile receiving portion 133 and the holding portion 16 at a position lower than the position where the pile K has started to be pulled out, and is newly picked up. It is.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the pile K that is newly held by the holding portion 16 at a position lower than the position where the pulling is started is engaged with the fulcrum bolt 115 on one side of the engaging portion 141. By engaging with the hole 141a, the distance from the other side end of the operation lever 14 to the fulcrum 114 is lengthened, and the lifting amount of the elevating body 12 is increased.

  After that, as shown in FIG. 10, the apparatus main body 10 is stored when all the pulling-out operations of the piles K are completed. In this storage, the butterfly bolt 193 and the butterfly nut 194 are removed from the bolt insertion hole 192 of the operation lever 14 which does not interfere with the apparatus main body 10, and the operation lever 14 is rotated around the fulcrum 114 to bring the operation unit 142 to the lower part of the column 11. In the positioned state, the butterfly bolt 193 is inserted into the bolt insertion holes 191, 192, and is screwed with the butterfly nut 194 to secure the operation lever 14.

As described above, when the operation portion 142 is returned upward during the pulling operation of the pile K, the engagement of the other side engagement hole 141b engaged with the fulcrum bolt 115 is released. The engagement position of the engagement portion 141 with respect to the fulcrum bolt 115 can be moved in the axial direction of the operation lever 14 in the groove portion 171. Then, when the operation portion 142 is moved downward while the engagement position of the engagement portion 141 with respect to the fulcrum bolt 115 is moved to one side end of the groove portion 171 that matches the one-side engagement hole 141a, The one side engagement hole 141a can be engaged with the fulcrum bolt 115, and the lever ratio of the operation lever 14 is changed.
For this reason, when the pulling operation of the pile K is started, it is found that the pile K has a pulling hardness that is not suitable for the current lever lever ratio. If it is determined that the pile K has a small pulling hardness due to a decrease in the degree of adhesion, the engaging portion 141 with respect to the fulcrum bolt 115 is operated after the operating portion 142 is returned upward during the pulling operation. The lever ratio of the operation lever 14 is changed by a simple operation of moving the engagement position to one side end of the groove portion 171 and operating the operation portion 142 downward. Thereby, the operation lever 14 is changed to the optimum lever ratio every time when the pulling hardness of the piles K which are different from each other is found, and the pulling work of the piles K can be performed smoothly from start to finish.

In addition, when the operation unit 142 is returned upward during the pull-out operation of the pile K, the clamping unit 16 moves backward through the link mechanism 15 to release the pinching state of the pile K from the rear. The At this time, although the pile K which has begun to be pulled out as the lifting body 12 is lifted during the pulling operation of the pile K is left behind in a state where it has started to be pulled out due to friction with soil in the ground, the lifting body 12 descends as the clamping part 16 moves out.
Therefore, when the operation part 142 of the operation lever 14 is operated again downward and the pulling operation of the pile K is resumed, the clamping part 16 advances at the lowered position of the elevating body 12 lowered by the return operation of the operation part 142. The pile K is held at a lower position than the position where the pile K is started to be pulled out and is newly picked up. At this time, the lever ratio of the operation lever 14 is such that the one-side engagement hole 141a of the engagement portion 141 is engaged with the fulcrum bolt 115 to increase the distance from the other end of the operation lever 14 to the fulcrum 114. By doing so, it is changed so that the raising amount of the raising / lowering body 12 may be enlarged. When the pull-out operation of the pile K is resumed by the operation lever 14 whose ratio is changed in this way, the pile K can be efficiently pulled out by the lift 12 having a large ascent amount that is newly picked up and re-raised from the lowered position. it can.

  In addition, the upper end of the lifting body 12 is rolled with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the column 11 through a window 121 having a rear side (lower side in FIG. 3) cut out in a substantially semicircular cross section. A shaped roller 122 is provided. As a result, excessive contact of the elevating body 12 with respect to the column 11 during the pulling operation of the pile K is alleviated by the roller 122, and the elevating body 12 due to rust generated on the sliding contact surfaces of the elevating body 12 and the column 11 The lifting / lowering failure is also alleviated by the roller 122, and the lifting / lowering body 12 can be lifted / lowered smoothly with respect to the column 11.

  Further, the pile K is formed near the vertical intermediate portion of the column 11 by the pile receiving portion 133 and the sandwiching portion 16 of the pile support member 13 projecting from the lifting body 12 that moves up and down in the vicinity of the vertical intermediate portion of the column 11. It is pinched. As a result, the pile K driven into the ground G with the lower end of the support 11 as a fulcrum can be efficiently shaken to widen the contact surface or close contact surface of the pile K in the ground, and can be easily pulled out. The drawing work can be performed efficiently.

  Further, the operation lever 14 is fixed to the pile support member 13 in a state where the operation lever 142 is rotated around the fulcrum 114 when the apparatus main body 10 is not used and the operation unit 142 is positioned below the support column 11. A lashing means 19 for tying is provided. That is, the operation lever 14 is rotated around the fulcrum 114 when the apparatus main body 10 is not used, and the butterfly bolt inserted through the bolt insertion holes 191 and 192 in a state where the operation unit 142 is positioned below the support column 11. It is secured by screwing the wing nut 194 to the 193. Thereby, the operation lever 14 is secured along the support | pillar 11, it becomes a very space-saving thing, and the pile extraction apparatus 1 excellent in storage property and carrying property can be provided.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, The other various modifications are included. For example, in the above embodiment, the fulcrum bolt 115 is engaged with the other side engagement hole 141b of the engaging part 141 when starting the pull-out operation of the pile K, but the fulcrum bolt is engaged with one side of the engaging part. You may make it start the extraction operation of a pile in the state engaged with the joint hole. In this case, when the pile pullout operation is started, if it is determined that the pile has a pullout hardness that cannot be pulled out with the lever ratio of the current operation lever, the operation unit is operated to return upward during the pullout operation. Therefore, the operation lever may be moved to the other side in the axial direction so that the other side engagement hole with the optimum lever ratio is engaged with the fulcrum bolt of the support column.

  In the above embodiment, the lever ratio changing means 17 is constituted by the groove portion 171 provided in the engaging portion 141 and the engaging holes 141a and 141b at both ends of the groove portion. However, the plate fixed on the upper portion of the support column. The groove portion provided in the support and extending in the front-rear direction perpendicular to the column and the engagement holes provided at both ends (front and rear ends) of the groove portion constitute a lever ratio changing means, and the inside of the groove portion is By providing a fulcrum bolt slidable in the direction on the operation lever, the lever ratio of the operation lever may be changed by the lever ratio changing means.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the rocking | swiveling member 153 which makes it act while gradually increasing the clamping force of the pile K by the advance movement of the clamping part 16 as the raising / lowering body 12 is moved upwards was used, When moving forward and pinching the pile, it is rocked by a toggle mechanism such that the third bolt at the lower end of the stay member is positioned forward of the vertical line passing through the second bolt that is rotatably supported by the pile support member. A moving member may be configured. In this case, the holding force of the pile due to the advance movement of the holding portion is constant when the third bolt moves forward from the vertical line passing through the second bolt. And no further clamping force is generated. The third bolt is held at a position in front of a vertical line passing through the second bolt by an urging means such as a spring, and the third bolt is operated when the operation portion is returned upward during the pile pulling operation. When the bolt moves rearward from the vertical line passing through the second bolt against the urging force of the urging means, the clamping force of the clamping part by the toggle mechanism (swinging member) is released.

  In the above embodiment, when the apparatus main body 10 is not used, the operation lever 14 is secured by screwing the wing nut 194 to the butterfly bolt 193 inserted through the bolt insertion holes 191 and 192. However, the apparatus main body is not used. Sometimes, a lashing means for tying the operation lever to the column, the pile support member or the lifting body may be constituted by a hook-and-loop belt or a rubber belt.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the both ends of the substantially U-shaped bracket 123 fixedly provided by the front side corresponding to the window part 121 of the upper-lower part of the raising / lowering body 12 via the 5th volt | bolt 124 and the nut 125,125. The rolling means is constituted by a zigzag roller 122 that is rotatably supported. A bracket having a substantially circular cross section is fixed to the upper end of the lifting body, and a circumferential direction is provided at a portion corresponding to the window portion of the bracket. The rolling means may be constituted by a plurality of bearings rotatably supported at predetermined intervals.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the engagement holes 141a and 141b are provided at one end and the other end of the groove portion 171 of the engagement portion 141. May be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pile extraction apparatus 10 Apparatus main body 11 Support | pillar 114 fulcrum (support part)
12 Lifting body 122 Roller (rolling means)
13 Pile support member 133 Pile receiving part 14 Operation lever 141 Engagement part 141a One side engagement hole (engagement hole)
141b Other side engagement hole (engagement hole)
142 operation unit 15 link mechanism 16 clamping unit 17 lever ratio changing means 171 groove part 19 securing means G ground K pile

Claims (4)

A pillar support member having a pillar, a lifting body supported so as to be movable up and down along the pillar, a pile support member projecting forward from the lifting body and receiving a pile driven into the ground from the front; It has an engaging part on the other end side that is detachably engaged with a support part provided on the upper part of the support column above the body, and the above-mentioned one via the engaging part on the other end side. An operation lever having an operation part that is operated in the vertical direction around the support part, and a clamping part that is supported by the pile support member so as to be able to advance and retreat, and holds the pile received by the pile receiving part from the rear when moving forward. And a link mechanism that is connected to the other end of the operation lever, moves the holding portion forward when the operation lever is operated downward, and moves the lifting body upward, and the engagement portion for the support portion Is moved in the axial direction of the operation lever. A lever ratio changing means for changing the lever ratio of the operation lever, and operating the operation portion downward with the lever ratio changing means arbitrarily changing the lever ratio of the operation lever. A pile pulling device that pulls out the pile by moving the lifting body upward while holding the pile received by the pile receiving portion from behind by the advance movement of the sandwiching portion,
The lever ratio changing means is
A groove for moving the engagement position of the engagement portion with respect to the support portion in the axial direction of the operation lever;
Each of the above-mentioned operations in the middle of the pulling-out operation of the pile, which is provided on each of the groove portions and enables the engagement portion to be engaged with the support portion by operating the operation portion downward during the pulling-out operation of the pile. A pile pulling apparatus comprising: a plurality of engagement holes for releasing the engagement of the engagement portion with the support portion by an upward return operation of the portion.   The rolling member is provided with a rolling member that reduces excessive contact with the column due to a load from the pile acting on the lifting member during the pulling operation of the pile by rolling on the column. The pile drawing apparatus according to 1.   The pile pulling-out device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elevating body moves up and down in the vicinity of a substantially middle portion in the vertical direction of the support column. The length to the one end of the operation lever with respect to the support portion is set shorter than the length from the lower end of the support column to the support portion,
The operation lever is fixed to the support column, the pile support member, or the lifting body in a state where the operation lever is rotated around the support unit and the operation unit is positioned below the support column when the apparatus main body is not used. The pile pulling-out device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a securing means for binding is provided.

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