JP2011052068A - 航空燃料油組成物 - Google Patents
航空燃料油組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2011052068A JP2011052068A JP2009200695A JP2009200695A JP2011052068A JP 2011052068 A JP2011052068 A JP 2011052068A JP 2009200695 A JP2009200695 A JP 2009200695A JP 2009200695 A JP2009200695 A JP 2009200695A JP 2011052068 A JP2011052068 A JP 2011052068A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- fuel oil
- aviation fuel
- base material
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 50
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910021472 group 8 element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
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- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- -1 boria Chemical compound 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 208000016444 Benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 208000016427 familial adult myoclonic epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 9
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 8
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- ZGNITFSDLCMLGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N flubendiamide Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC(I)=C1C(=O)NC(C)(C)CS(C)(=O)=O ZGNITFSDLCMLGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylphenol Chemical group CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002835 Pt–Ir Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018967 Pt—Rh Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940024546 aluminum hydroxide gel Drugs 0.000 description 3
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- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011027 product recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids in the presence of hydrogen, hydrogen donors or hydrogen generating compounds
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
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- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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- B01J23/42—Platinum
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- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/19—Molybdenum
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
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- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
- C10G65/043—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a change in the structural skeleton
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の航空燃料油組成物は、含硫黄炭化水素化合物及び動植物油脂に由来する含酸素炭化水素化合物を含有する第1の原料油又は該第1の原料油と原油を精製して得られる石油系基材との混合油である第2の原料油を水素化処理する工程を経て得られる、沸点範囲140〜280℃の留分である第1の基材と、重質油分解装置から得られる、沸点範囲140〜280℃の留分である第2の基材と、を含有する。
【選択図】なし
Description
異性化処理触媒の担体として用いられる多孔性の無機酸化物としては、アルミナ、チタニア、ジルコニア、ボリア、シリカ、あるいはゼオライトが挙げられ、本発明ではこのうちチタニア、ジルコニア、ボリア、シリカおよびゼオライトのうち少なくとも1種類とアルミナによって構成されているものが好ましい。その製造法は特に限定されないが、各元素に対応した各種ゾル、塩化合物などの状態の原料を用いて任意の調製法を採用することができる。さらには一旦シリカアルミナ、シリカジルコニア、アルミナチタニア、シリカチタニア、アルミナボリアなどの複合水酸化物あるいは複合酸化物を調製した後に、アルミナゲルやその他水酸化物の状態あるいは適当な溶液の状態で調製工程の任意の工程で添加して調製してもよい。アルミナと他の酸化物との比率は担体に対して任意の割合を取り得るが、好ましくはアルミナが90質量%以下、さらに好ましくは60質量%以下、より好ましくは40質量%以下であり、好ましくは10質量%以上、より好ましくは20質量%以上である。
なお、ここでいう実在ガム分とは、JIS K2261「ガソリン及び航空燃料油実在ガム試験方法」で測定される値を意味する。
<触媒A>
濃度5質量%のアルミン酸ナトリウム水溶液3000gに水ガラス3号18.0gを加え、65℃に保温した容器に入れた。他方、65℃に保温した別の容器において濃度2.5質量%の硫酸アルミニウム水溶液3000gにリン酸(濃度85%)6.0gを加えた溶液を調製し、これに前述のアルミン酸ナトリウムを含む水溶液を滴下した。混合溶液のpHが7.0になる時点を終点とし、得られたスラリー状の生成物をフィルターに通して濾取し、ケーキ状のスラリーを得た。
このケーキ状のスラリーを還流冷却器を取り付けた容器に移し、蒸留水150mlと27%アンモニア水溶液10gを加え、75℃で20時間加熱攪拌した。該スラリーを混練装置に入れ、80℃以上に加熱し水分を除去しながら混練し、粘土状の混練物を得た。得られた混練物を押出し成形機によって直径1.5mmシリンダーの形状に押し出し、110℃で1時間乾燥した後550℃で焼成し、成形担体を得た。
得られた成形担体50gをナス型フラスコに入れ、ロータリーエバポレーターで脱気しながら三酸化モリブデン17.3g、硝酸ニッケル(II)6水和物13.2g、リン酸(濃度85%)3.9g及びリンゴ酸4.0gを含む含浸溶液をフラスコ内に注入した。含浸した試料は120℃で1時間乾燥した後、550℃で焼成し、触媒Aを得た。触媒Aの物性を表1に示す。
<触媒B>
シリカ−アルミナ比(質量比)が70:30であるシリカアルミナ担体50gをナス型フラスコに入れ、ロータリーエバポレーターで脱気しながらテトラアンミン白金(II)クロライド水溶液をフラスコ内に注入した。含浸した試料は110℃で乾燥した後、350℃で焼成し、触媒Bを得た。触媒Bにおける白金の担持量は、触媒全量を基準として0.5質量%であった。触媒Bの物性を表1に示す。
表2に示す性状を有する植物油脂1に、硫黄分含有量(硫黄原子換算)が10質量ppmとなるようにジメチルサルファイドを添加して原料油Aを調製した。この原料油Aを表1に示す触媒Aを用いて表3に示す条件aで水素化処理を行った。水素化処理した油を表1に示す触媒Bを用いて表3に示す条件bで異性化処理を行った。異性化処理後の異性化処理油から得られる140〜280℃の留分を基材1とした。基材1の性状を表4に示す。この基材1に、表2に示す性状を有する流動接触分解装置から得られる接触分解灯油を30容量%混合して航空燃料油組成物1を調製した。
表2に示す性状を有する植物油脂2に、硫黄分含有量(硫黄原子換算)が10質量ppmとなるようにジメチルサルファイドを添加して原料油Bを調製した。この原料油Bを表1に示す触媒Aを用いて表3に示す条件cで水素化処理を行った。水素化処理した油から得られる140〜280℃の留分を、表1に示す触媒Bを用いて表3に示す条件bで異性化処理を行った。異性化処理後の異性化処理油を140〜280℃の留分に蒸留カットし、基材2を得た。基材2の性状を表4に示す。この基材2に、表2に示す性状を有する重油水素化分解装置から得られる水素化分解灯油を30容量%混合して、航空燃料油組成物2を調製した。
実施例2に記載の航空燃料油組成物2に表2に示す性状を有する原油を精製して得られる石油系航空燃料油基材を30容量%混合して、航空燃料油組成物3を調製した。
表2に示す性状を有する植物油脂1をエステル化して得た脂肪酸アルキルエステルの性状を同じく表4に示す。これらの脂肪酸アルキルエステルはメタノールとの反応により得られたメチルエステル化合物であり、ここではアルカリ触媒(ナトリウムメチラート)の存在下で70℃、1時間程度の撹拌を行い、アルキルアルコールと直接反応させてエステル化合物を得るエステル交換反応を用いた。この脂肪酸メチルエステル化合物に実施例1に記載の接触分解灯油を30容量%混合して航空燃料油組成物4を調製した。
実施例1に示す基材1を70容量%と、表2に示す性状を有する原油を精製して得られる石油系航空燃料油基材を30容量%混合して、航空燃料油組成物5を調製した。
比較例3の航空燃料油として、従来の代表的な市販の石油系航空燃料油を用意した。
酸化防止剤(2,6-ditertiary-butyl-phenol) 20質量ppm(燃料組成物全量基準)
静電気防止剤(STADIS 450) 2.0mg/L(燃料組成物全量基準)
表2、表4および表5に示す原料油、航空燃料油基材および航空燃料油の一般性状は以下の方法により測定された値をいう。
15℃における密度(密度@15℃)は、JIS K2249「原油及び石油製品−密度試験方法並びに密度・質量・容量換算表」で測定される値を意味する。
30℃における動粘度は、JIS K2283「原油及び石油製品−動粘度試験方法及び粘度指数算出方法」で測定される値を意味する。
元素分析C(質量%)、H(質量%)はASTM D 5291 “Standard Test Methods for Instrumental Determination of Carbon,Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products and Lubricants”で定められる方法で測定される値を意味する。
酸素分は、UOP649-74“TotalOxygen in Organic Materials by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatographic Technique”等の方法で測定される値を意味する。
硫黄分は、JIS K2541「原油及び石油製品硫黄分試験方法」で測定される値を意味する。
酸価は、JIS K 2501「石油製品及び潤滑油−中和価試験方法」の方法で測定される値を意味する。
油脂中の脂肪酸基の構成比率は、前述の基準油脂分析試験法(日本油化学会制定)(1993)「2.4.21.3-77脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスロマトグラフ法)」に準じて求められる値を指す。
引火点は、JIS K2265「原油及び石油製品‐引火点試験方法‐タグ密閉式引火点試験方法」で求めた値を意味する
蒸留性状は、JIS K2254「石油製品−蒸留試験方法」で測定される値を意味する。
芳香族分は、JIS K2536「燃料油炭化水素成分試験方法(けい光指示薬吸着法)」で測定される値を意味する。
全酸価は、JIS K2276「石油製品−航空燃料油試験方法−全酸価試験方法」で測定される値を意味する。
析出点は、JIS K2276「石油製品−航空燃料油試験方法−析出点試験方法」により測定された値を意味する。
煙点は、JIS K2537「燃料油煙点試験方法」で測定される値を意味する。
熱安定度は、JIS K2276「石油製品−航空燃料油試験方法−熱安定度試験方法A法、B法」により測定された値を意味する。
真発熱量は、JIS K2279「原油及び燃料油発熱量試験方法」で測定される値を意味する。
燃費は、単位容積あたりの発熱量を指し、真発熱量に密度を乗じて算出される値を意味する。
本実施例で記載するライフサイクル特性(ライフサイクルCO2算出)は以下の手法によって計算した。
ライフサイクルCO2は、航空燃料油使用による航空機の飛行(燃料の燃焼)に伴い発生したCO2と、燃料製造における原料採掘から燃料給油までに発生したCO2と分けて算出した。
燃焼に伴い発生するCO2(以下、「Tank to Wheel CO2」という)は、環境省の定義値(ジェット燃料:2.5kg‐CO2/L)を使用し、単位発熱量当たりの排出量に換算して使用した。また、採掘から燃料タンクへの燃料給油までに発生したCO2(以下、「Wellto Tank CO2」という。)は、原料及び原油ソースの採掘、輸送、加工、配送、車両への給油までの一連の流れにおけるCO2排出量の総和として算出した。なお、「Wellto Tank CO2」の算出にあたっては、下記(1B)〜(5B)に示す二酸化炭素の排出量を加味して演算を行った。かかる演算に必要となるデータとしては、本発明者らが有する製油所運転実績データを用いた。
(2B)水素を使用する処理においては、水素製造装置における改質反応に伴う二酸化炭素の排出量。
(3B)接触分解装置等の連続触媒再生を伴う装置を経由する場合は、触媒再生に伴う二酸化炭素の排出量。
(4B)航空燃料組成物を、横浜で製造又は陸揚げし、横浜から仙台まで配送し、仙台で燃焼機器に給油したときの二酸化炭素の排出量。
(5B)動植物油脂および動植物油脂由来の成分は原産地をマレーシアおよびその周辺地域とし、製造を横浜で行うとした際の二酸化炭素の排出量。
なお、動植物油脂および動植物油脂由来の成分を使用した場合、いわゆる京都議定書においてはこれらの燃料に起因する二酸化炭素は排出量として計上されないルールが適用される。本計算においては、燃焼時に発生する「Tank to Wheel CO2」に対してこれを適用させた。
Claims (7)
- 含硫黄炭化水素化合物及び動植物油脂に由来する含酸素炭化水素化合物を含有する第1の原料油又は該第1の原料油と原油を精製して得られる石油系基材との混合油である第2の原料油を水素化処理する工程を経て得られる、沸点範囲140〜280℃の留分である第1の基材と、
重質油分解装置から得られる、沸点範囲140〜280℃の留分である第2の基材と、
を含有することを特徴とする航空燃料油組成物。 - 前記第2の基材の15℃における密度が800kg/m3以上840kg/m3以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の航空燃料油組成物。
- 前記第1の基材が、水素の存在下、アルミニウム、ケイ素、ジルコニウム、ホウ素、チタン及びマグネシウムから選ばれる2種以上の元素を含んで構成される多孔性無機酸化物からなる担体に周期表第6A族及び第8族の元素から選ばれる1種以上の金属を担持してなる触媒を用い、水素圧力2〜13MPa、液空間速度0.1〜3.0h−1、水素/油比150〜1500NL/L、反応温度150〜480℃の条件下で前記第1又は第2の原料油を水素化処理する工程を経て得られるものであることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の航空燃料油組成物。
- 前記第1の基材が、前記第1又は第2の原料油を水素化処理する工程により得られる水素化処理油を、水素の存在下、アルミニウム、ケイ素、ジルコニウム、ホウ素、チタン、マグネシウム及びゼオライトから選ばれる物質より構成される多孔性無機酸化物からなる担体に周期表第8族の元素から選ばれる金属を担持してなる触媒を用いて、水素圧力2〜13MPa、液空間速度0.1〜3.0h−1、水素/油比250〜1500NL/L、反応温度150〜380℃の条件下でさらに異性化処理する工程を経て得られるものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の航空燃料油組成物。
- 原油を精製して得られる航空燃料油基材、合成系航空燃料油基材又はそれらの混合物である第3の基材を更に含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の航空燃料油組成物。
- 酸化防止剤、静電気防止剤、金属不活性化剤および氷結防止剤から選ばれる1種以上の添加剤を更に含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の航空燃料油組成物。
- JIS K2209「航空タービン燃料油」の規格値を満足することを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の航空燃料油組成物。
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JP2009200695A JP5530134B2 (ja) | 2009-08-31 | 2009-08-31 | 航空燃料油組成物 |
BR112012008143A BR112012008143A2 (pt) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | composição de óleo combustível para aviação |
CN201080038681.0A CN102482599B (zh) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | 航空燃料油组合物 |
KR1020127007155A KR20120073237A (ko) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | 항공 연료유 조성물 |
SG2012011375A SG178490A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | Aviation fuel oil composition |
AU2010287445A AU2010287445B2 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | Aviation fuel oil composition |
PCT/JP2010/064700 WO2011024997A1 (ja) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | 航空燃料油組成物 |
MYPI2012700028A MY179485A (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | Aviation fuel oil composition |
US13/391,891 US20120198757A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | Aviation fuel oil composition |
EP10812043.7A EP2474598A4 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-30 | FUEL COMPOSITION FOR AVIATION |
TW099129298A TW201120205A (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-31 | Aviation fuel oil composition |
US14/148,012 US20140115954A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2014-01-06 | Method for manufacturing an aviation fuel oil composition |
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JP5330935B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-31 | 2013-10-30 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 航空燃料油基材の製造方法及び航空燃料油組成物 |
EP2699533A4 (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2015-03-04 | Univ North Dakota | PREPARATION OF AROMATES FROM NON-CATALYTICALLY CRACKED OILS ON FATTY ACID BASIS |
RU2495083C1 (ru) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-10-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт по переработки нефти" (ОАО "ВНИИ НП") | Способ получения углеводородного топлива для ракетной техники |
WO2016064695A1 (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-04-28 | Shell Oil Company | Catalyst and process for deoxygenation and conversion of bio-derived feedstocks |
JP2016089095A (ja) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-05-23 | 株式会社ユーグレナ | 燃料油及びその製造方法 |
US20170022425A1 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-01-26 | Uop Llc | Staged catalyst loading for pyrolysis oil hydrodeoxygenation |
US20180184601A1 (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2018-07-05 | Earl Brian Graffius | Self-Watering Insert For A Plant Container |
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