JP2011046217A - Cooling structure for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To install equipment and the like in a duct with an allowance by largely increasing the size of a lower part space in the duct. <P>SOLUTION: In an engine room 22, an engine 23, a heat exchanger 25 and a cooling fan 24 are provided so that the heat exchanger 25 may be located on the most upstream side of an air flow, and external air is sucked into the engine room 22 by the rotation of the cooling fan 24 to pass the air through the heat exchanger 25. An intake chamber 26 and the duct 28 are provided on an intake side of the engine room 22 and on a front surface side of the heat exchanger 25, respectively, and an intake port 27 is provided on the upper surface of the intake chamber 26. On the premise of this constitution, a duct front part 33 is inclined downward toward the opposite side of the heat exchanger 25, the inclined surface is formed to be stepwise, and opening parts 34, 34 for intake and filters 35, 35 for dust prevention are provided on a surface of each step opposed to the air flow. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling structure that guides cooling air taken into an engine room from the outside to a heat exchanger in a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator.

  A description will be given using a hydraulic excavator as an example.

  In a hydraulic excavator, a cooling structure that improves the soundproofing performance on the intake side is disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Prior Art 1).

  One of the known techniques is shown in FIGS.

  An engine room 2 covered with a cover material 1 such as an engine guard, a part of a counterweight, an upper surface of a fuel tank, or the like is provided at the rear end of the upper swing body.

  In the engine room 2, an engine 3, a hydraulic pump (not shown), a cooling fan 4 driven by the engine 3 to suck in external air, a radiator for cooling the engine, an oil cooler, an intercooler, etc. An exchanger (shown here as one) 5 is provided.

  An intake chamber 6 is formed on the intake side of the heat exchanger 5 in the engine room 2, and external air is supplied to the upper portion of the intake chamber 6 (usually the upper surface, specifically, the upper surface portion of the intake side end of the cover material 1). An intake port 7 to be introduced is provided.

  The intake chamber 6 is formed independently of the space in the engine room 2 in which the engine 3 and the like are housed by the heat exchanger 5 and a partition material or seal material (not shown). A duct 8 is provided in the intake chamber 6.

  The duct 8 is formed in a box shape by a duct material different from the cover material 1, and is attached in a state of airtightly surrounding the core surface 5 a of the heat exchanger 5 from the surroundings.

  The duct 8 has a front portion 9 that faces the heat exchanger core surface 5a. The duct front portion 9 is provided with an intake opening 10 and a dust-proof filter 11 that covers the opening 10. ing.

  In addition, an intake passage 12 is formed between the duct front portion 9 and the side portion of the cover member 1 facing the duct, and external air sucked from the intake port 7 passes through the intake passage 12 downward, and the duct 8 The opening 10 is configured to turn in the horizontal direction and enter the duct 8 toward the heat exchanger core surface 5a. That is, the air flow is introduced into the heat exchanger 5 through an L-shaped channel.

  Further, the duct front portion 9 is formed so as to be inclined in the vertical direction so that the intake passage 12 extends upward as shown in FIG.

  A sound absorbing material (not shown) is provided on the inner wall of the intake chamber 6, that is, the inner surface of the cover material 1 that forms the intake chamber 6 and the inner and outer surfaces of the duct 8.

  According to this configuration, since the inside of the intake chamber 6 is divided into two inside and outside the duct by the duct 8, the sound (direct sound) that directly escapes from the heat exchanger core surface 5 a is regulated by the duct 8. Compared to the case where the duct 8 is not provided by suppressing the diffusion and the sound reducing effect by the reflection and attenuation of the sound in the duct 8 in addition to the sound reducing effect by the chamber wall of the intake chamber 6. As a result, the soundproofing performance on the intake side can be significantly improved.

  In addition, by inclining the duct front portion 9, the horizontal cross-sectional area on the inlet side (upper side) of the intake passage 12 can be expanded and the ventilation resistance can be reduced, so that the amount of air sucked into the duct 8 can be increased.

  And the lower space in the duct 8 spreads, and the air suck | inhaled in the duct 8 becomes easy to spread over the heat exchanger core surface 5a equally.

  That is, it is possible to increase the air volume while ensuring an even supply operation of air to the entire heat exchanger core surface 5a.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a technique (known technique 2) in which an air cleaner is installed in a duct in a construction machine having an intake side soundproof structure with a duct.

JP 2008-174004 A JP 2008-81953 A

  In construction machines such as hydraulic excavators, the engine room is required to be compact based on the demand for downsizing of the entire machine, and accordingly, the installation space for equipment in the engine room tends to be reduced.

  For this reason, when taking the intake side soundproof structure with a duct as described above, there is a demand to install devices such as an air cleaner in the duct as shown in the second prior art.

  However, even with one of the known techniques for expanding the lower space in the duct by the inclination of the duct front portion 9, the space in the duct is still insufficient for installing the equipment.

  In other words, it is difficult to install the equipment in the duct 8, and if it is installed forcibly as in the prior art 2, the lower space in the duct 8 is blocked by the installed equipment and is ventilated. Will be extremely worse, and it will be difficult to maintain the installed equipment.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a cooling structure for a construction machine that can greatly expand a lower space in a duct and install equipment with a margin in the duct.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, an engine, a heat exchanger, and a cooling fan are provided in an engine room covered with a cover material in a state where the heat exchanger is located on the most upstream side of the air flow, and the cooling fan The construction machine cooling structure configured to suck external air into the engine room through the rotation and pass it through the heat exchanger has the following requirements.

  (A) The intake chamber is formed independently of the other spaces in the engine room on the intake side in the engine room.

  (B) An intake port for introducing external air into the intake chamber is provided in the chamber wall of the intake chamber.

  (C) A duct for guiding the air introduced into the intake chamber to the heat exchanger core surface is provided on the front side of the heat exchanger in the intake chamber.

  (D) The duct has a front portion facing the heat exchanger core surface, and the duct front portion is formed in a stepped shape that descends toward the opposite side of the heat exchanger.

  (E) An intake opening and a dustproof filter covering the opening are provided on the surface of each step facing the air flow in the front part of the stepped duct.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the intake port is provided at an upper portion of the intake chamber, and the front surface of the duct is first lowered so that each opening and the filter of the front surface of the duct are obliquely upward. It is formed on an inclined surface.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or second aspect, the engine room is provided at a rear end portion of the machine, the intake chamber is provided at the left and right end sides of the engine room, and the heat exchange in the intake chamber is performed. The surface facing the vessel core surface is formed as an inclined surface that is tapered toward the rear of the machine, and the duct front portion is inclined along the inclined surface.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of any one of the first to third aspects, the opening of each stage of the duct front portion and the filter are formed on the same core surface when the heat exchanger core surface is viewed from the front. The width dimension is narrower than the width dimension in the left-right direction, and the position is shifted left and right on the upper side and the lower side.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, an air cleaner is installed at a lower portion in the duct.

  According to the present invention, on the premise of a configuration in which an intake chamber is provided on the intake side of the engine room and a duct is provided on the front side of the heat exchanger, the front surface of the duct is stepped downward toward the opposite side of the heat exchanger. Since the opening and the filter for intake are provided on the surface of each step facing the air flow, the lower space in the duct can be expanded.

  In addition, since the upper part of the front part of the duct is located closer to the heat exchanger, there is no adverse effect of narrowing the upper space in the duct on the inlet side (air introduction side).

  That is, the lower space in the duct can be expanded while ensuring the air volume performance.

  For this reason, it becomes possible to install devices such as an air cleaner (Claim 5) in the duct without obstructing ventilation and securing a sufficient maintenance space in the surroundings.

  In particular, according to the invention of claim 2, since the duct front portion itself is an inclined surface that descends first, the effect of widening the lower space in the duct becomes remarkable.

Also,
(I) The duct front part is inclined,
(II) While facing the airflow at the front of the duct, the lower surface can be set at a large arbitrary angle that is not constrained by the uppermost surface as shown in the figure. Can be opposed to the air flow at an angle closer to a right angle.

  For this reason, it becomes possible to make the ventilation resistance in a filter small, to smoothen the flow of air, and to improve air volume performance.

  By the way, in a rear small turning type excavator or the like, a rear end portion is formed in a rear concavity, and an engine room is formed in a rear end portion of the machine.

  In such a machine, when an intake chamber is formed on the left and right end sides of the engine room and the front face of the duct faces the heat exchanger core surface (provided parallel to the core surface when viewed from above), an intake passage However, it becomes narrow on the rear end side in terms of the direction of the machine, and the air flow becomes worse.

  In this respect, according to the invention of claim 3, since the front part of the duct is inclined along the inclination of the rear end of the machine, the intake passage is made substantially uniform over the entire area, the air flow is improved, and the necessary air volume is obtained. Can be secured.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the duct in the embodiment. It is a schematic horizontal sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the duct of the embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows a well-known technique. It is a horizontal sectional view which follows the VI-VI line of FIG.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

First embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 2)
In the first embodiment, the following basic configuration is the same as the known technique shown in FIGS.

  (1) An engine room 22 covered with a cover material 21 such as an engine guard, a part of a counterweight, and an upper surface of a fuel tank is provided at the rear end of the upper swing body.

  (2) The engine room 22 is provided with an engine 23, a hydraulic pump (not shown), a cooling fan 24, and a heat exchanger (shown as one) 25 such as a radiator.

  (3) An intake chamber 26 is formed on the intake side of the heat exchanger 25 in the engine room 22, and an intake port 27 for introducing cooling air from the outside is formed on the upper surface of the intake chamber 26 (the upper surface portion of the cover member 21). Is provided.

  (4) The intake chamber 26 is independent of the space in the engine room 22 in which the engine 23 and the like are accommodated by the heat exchanger 25, appropriate partitioning material, and sealing material (in a state where air flow is blocked). A duct 28 is provided in the intake chamber 26.

  (5) The duct 28 is made of a duct material different from the cover material 21, and includes an upper surface portion 29, a bottom surface portion 30, left and right side surface portions 31 and 32 (these symbols are shown only in FIG. 2), and a heat exchanger core surface. A state in which the heat exchanger core surface 25a is airtightly enclosed from the surroundings (for example, the opening edge on the heat exchanger side is the edge of the heat exchanger core surface 25a). It is installed in a state of being in airtight contact with the frame portion.

  The “left and right” of the side portions 31 and 32 refer to the left and right when the heat exchanger core surface 25a is viewed from the front, and is the front and back in terms of the direction of the entire machine.

  (6) A front opening 33 of the duct 28 is provided with an intake opening 34 that opens in the horizontal direction and a dustproof filter 35 that covers the opening 34.

  (7) An intake passage 36 is formed between the front portion 33 of the duct and the side portion of the cover member 21 facing the duct 33, and is taken downward from the intake port 27 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. A substantially L-shaped refracted air flow path is formed in which the outside air changes direction laterally at the opening 34 and reaches the heat exchanger core surface 25a.

  (8) The duct front portion 33 is formed so as to be inclined in the vertical direction so that the intake passage 36 extends upward as illustrated.

  (9) Sound absorbing materials (not shown) are provided on the inner surface of the cover member 21 forming the intake chamber 26 and the inner and outer surfaces of the duct 28, respectively.

  With the above basic configuration, it is possible to obtain the same basic effect as the known technique shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 that the air volume is increased while the soundproof performance on the intake side is increased, and the cooling efficiency is increased.

  In this cooling structure, in addition to the above basic configuration, the duct front portion 33 is not a simple inclined surface, but is formed in a step shape along the inclined surface.

  In the embodiment, as shown in the figure, it is formed in a three-step staircase shape, and the air intake openings 34 and 34 and the dustproof surface are respectively formed on the middle and lower surfaces facing the air flow in the staircase-shaped duct front portion 33. The filters 35 and 35 are provided.

  According to this configuration, the opening 34 and the filter 35 can be seen from the heat exchanger 25 as compared with the case where the duct front portion 33 is a simple inclined surface (the uppermost inclined surface is extended downward as it is). Since it protrudes forward, the lower space in the duct 28 can be expanded.

  In addition, since the upper portion of the duct front portion 33 is located closer to the heat exchanger 25, there is no adverse effect of narrowing the upper space in the duct 28 on the inlet 27 side (air introduction side).

  That is, the lower space in the duct can be expanded while ensuring the air volume performance.

  For this reason, it becomes possible to install the air cleaner 37 in the lower space in the duct in a state in which a sufficient maintenance space is secured around the air cleaner without significantly impeding ventilation.

Also,
(I) The duct front part 33 itself is inclined,
(II) While facing the air flow in the duct front portion 33, the lower surface can be set to have a large arbitrary angle that is not restricted by the uppermost surface as shown in the figure. , 34 and the filters 35, 35 can be opposed to the air flow at an angle closer to a right angle.

  For this reason, it becomes possible to reduce the ventilation resistance in the filters 35, 35, to smooth the air flow, and to improve the air flow performance.

  1 is a straight line connecting the outermost end of the air inlet 27 and the lower end of the heat exchanger core surface 25a, and a straight line B is the outermost end of the air inlet 27 and the upper end of the duct upper opening 34. The portion between the two straight lines A and B on the heat exchanger core surface 25a is in a range where it can be directly viewed from the air inlet 27, and only in this range, the heat exchanger core surface 25a is directly pulled out to the outside. Direct sound leakage occurs.

  That is, direct sound leakage is basically reduced.

  Here, if the air cleaner 37 is installed in the lower space in the duct 28, the air cleaner 37 becomes a direct sound barrier, so that direct sound leakage can be further reduced.

Second embodiment (see FIGS. 3 and 4)
Only differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  In the case of a small rear swivel excavator, etc., the rear end portion is formed into a rear concavity (usually an arc as viewed from above as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6), and an engine room is formed at the rear end portion of the machine. Is done.

  In such a machine, when the opening 10 and the filter 11 are directly opposed to the heat exchanger core surface 5a as shown in FIG. 6 (provided in parallel when viewed from above), the intake passage 12 becomes the direction of the machine. It becomes narrower at the rear end side in terms of sex, and the air flow becomes worse.

  This point is the same in the first embodiment.

  Therefore, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the duct opening 34 and the filter 35 are provided so as to be inclined along the inclination of the machine rear end.

  Such an inclination sets the length dimension of the duct left side face portion 31 (projecting dimension from the heat exchanger core face 25aa) when the heat exchanger core face 25aa is viewed from the front to be larger than that of the right side face portion 32. Can be obtained.

  In this way, the rear end side area 36a of the intake passage 36 can be expanded as shown in the figure, and the intake passage 36 can be made almost uniform over the entire area, so that the air flow is improved and the necessary air volume is secured. be able to.

  Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the structure in case the width dimension L2 of upper and lower both-sides filters 35 and 35 (opening 34, 34) is smaller than the width dimension L1 of the heat exchanger core surface 25a. As shown, both the filters 35, 35 are provided so as to be displaced from each other to the left and right when the heat exchanger core surface 25a is viewed from the front.

  In this way, the cooling air can be spread over a wide range of the heat exchanger core surface 25a as compared with the case where both the filters 35, 35 are biased to the left and right sides or provided only at the center portion. The performance can be improved.

Other embodiments
(1) In the above embodiment, the duct front portion 33 is formed in a three-step staircase, and the opening 34 and the filter 35 are provided in the lower step portion. However, the duct front portion 33 is formed in four or more steps or a two-step staircase. In the former case, the opening 34 and the filter 35 may be provided in the second to fourth step portions, and in the latter case, the lower portion.

  Or you may provide the opening part 34 and the filter 35 also in the uppermost part.

  (2) The duct front portion 33 is preferably formed in a stepped shape along an inclined surface that slopes downward toward the opposite side to the heat exchanger 25, but is not an inclined surface, and a vertical surface and a horizontal surface are continuous. It may be formed in a simple step shape.

  Even in this case, the effect of expanding the lower space in the duct can be obtained by forming it stepwise.

  (3) In the above embodiment, the air cleaner 37 is installed in the expanded lower space in the duct, but other devices may be installed.

  (4) The intake port 27 is preferably provided on the upper surface of the intake chamber 26 as in the above-described embodiment, but may be provided on the upper portion straddling the upper surface and the side surface. Or you may provide in a side part.

  (5) The present invention is not limited to a hydraulic excavator, and can be widely applied to construction machines including a crusher, a dismantling machine, and the like configured with a hydraulic excavator as a base.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Cover material 22 Engine room 23 Engine 24 Cooling fan 25 Heat exchanger 25a Heat exchanger core surface 26 Air intake chamber 27 Air inlet 28 Duct 29 Duct upper surface part 31 Same left side part 32 Same right side part 33 Same front part 34, 34 Duct 35, 35 Same filter 36 Intake passage 37 Air cleaner

Claims (5)

An engine room, a heat exchanger, and a cooling fan are provided in an engine room covered with a cover material in a state where the heat exchanger is located on the most upstream side of the air flow, and external air is supplied to the engine by rotation of the cooling fan A construction machine cooling structure configured to be sucked into a room and passed through the heat exchanger has the following requirements.
(A) The intake chamber is formed independently of the other spaces in the engine room on the intake side in the engine room.
(B) An intake port for introducing external air into the intake chamber is provided in the chamber wall of the intake chamber.
(C) A duct for guiding the air introduced into the intake chamber to the heat exchanger core surface is provided on the front side of the heat exchanger in the intake chamber.
(D) The duct has a front portion facing the heat exchanger core surface, and the duct front portion is formed in a stepped shape that descends toward the opposite side of the heat exchanger.
(E) An intake opening and a dustproof filter covering the opening are provided on the surface of each step facing the air flow in the front part of the stepped duct.   2. The air inlet is provided in an upper part of an air intake chamber, and the front face of the duct is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward so that each opening of the front face of the duct and the filter are obliquely upward. Construction machine cooling structure.   The engine room is provided at the rear end of the machine, the intake chamber is provided at one of the left and right ends of the engine room, and the surface of the intake chamber that faces the heat exchanger core surface is directed toward the rear of the machine. The cooling structure for a construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cooling machine is formed on a sloping inclined surface, and the duct front portion is inclined along the inclined surface.   The opening and the filter of each step of the duct front portion have a width dimension narrower than the width dimension in the left-right direction of the core surface when the heat exchanger core surface is viewed from the front, and the upper side and the lower side The construction machine cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the construction machine is provided so as to be displaced from side to side.   The cooling structure for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an air cleaner is installed at a lower portion in the duct.

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