JP2011031682A - Method of manufacturing rolling bearing device for wheel - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing rolling bearing device for wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2011031682A
JP2011031682A JP2009178037A JP2009178037A JP2011031682A JP 2011031682 A JP2011031682 A JP 2011031682A JP 2009178037 A JP2009178037 A JP 2009178037A JP 2009178037 A JP2009178037 A JP 2009178037A JP 2011031682 A JP2011031682 A JP 2011031682A
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end portion
shaft body
inner shaft
state
rolling bearing
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JP2009178037A
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JP5376234B2 (en
Inventor
Kiju Takeda
喜重 武田
Shinichiro Kashiwagi
信一郎 柏木
Kentaro Shiragami
謙太郎 白神
Yuichi Nakagawa
有一 中川
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JTEKT Corp
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JTEKT Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/60—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings
    • F16C33/605—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings with a separate retaining member, e.g. flange, shoulder, guide ring, secured to a race ring, adjacent to the race surface, so as to abut the end of the rolling elements, e.g. rollers, or the cage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing a rolling bearing device for wheels on which teeth of a desired shape can be formed on an end surface in the axial direction of the end of a shaft body. <P>SOLUTION: In the method of manufacturing the rolling bearing device, by rotating a caulking punch 18 while pressing it to the end of the shaft body 2, the end is expanded outside up to a first state (Fig. 2 (b)). Then, by rotating a teeth forming punch 22 while pressing it to the end of the shaft body 2, the end is expanded further from the first state to a second state and caulked (Fig. 2 (c)). A plurality of teeth 25 are formed on the lower surface of the teeth forming punch 22. The shape of the teeth 25 is transferred (coining) to the end of the shaft body 2 when the end of the shaft body 2 is expanded outside up to the second state, so that a plurality of teeth 16 each extending in the radial direction of the shaft body 2 are formed on the end surface 15 in the axial direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、懸架装置に車輪を回転自在に取り付けるための車輪用転がり軸受装置を製造するための製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for manufacturing a wheel rolling bearing device for rotatably mounting a wheel to a suspension device.

自動車等の車両には、懸架装置に車輪を回転自在に取り付けるための車輪用転がり軸受装置が用いられる。この種の車輪用転がり軸受装置には、例えば、筒状をなす端部を有する軸体と、前記軸体の端部を所定量突出させた状態で、当該軸体に外嵌されている内輪と、前記内輪に対して回転自在に外嵌されている外輪と、前記内輪および外輪の間に保持されている複数の転動体とを備えるものがある（例えば特許文献１参照）。   In a vehicle such as an automobile, a wheel rolling bearing device for rotatably mounting a wheel to a suspension device is used. In this type of wheel rolling bearing device, for example, a shaft body having a cylindrical end portion, and an inner ring that is externally fitted to the shaft body in a state in which a predetermined amount of the end portion of the shaft body is protruded. And an outer ring that is rotatably fitted to the inner ring and a plurality of rolling elements that are held between the inner ring and the outer ring (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

この特許文献１に係る車輪用転がり軸受装置では、軸体の端部がその外側に押し広げられるようにかしめられている。また、軸体の端部の軸方向端面には、軸体の径方向にそれぞれ延びる複数の歯が形成されている。複数の歯は、かしめられた軸体の端部に歯成形パンチを押し当てることにより形成されている。   In the wheel rolling bearing device according to Patent Document 1, the end portion of the shaft body is caulked so as to be spread outward. Further, a plurality of teeth extending in the radial direction of the shaft body are formed on the axial end surface of the end portion of the shaft body. The plurality of teeth are formed by pressing a tooth forming punch against the end of the caulked shaft body.

特開昭６３−１８４５０１号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-184501

金属材料を塑性変形させると加工硬化が生じることが知られている。また、加工硬化の度合いは、塑性変形量が増えるほど大きくなることが知られている。したがって、特許文献１に係る車輪用転がり軸受装置のように、かしめられた軸体の端部に複数の歯を成形する方法では、歯成形前における軸体の加工硬化の度合いが大きくなり、当該軸体の端部に所望の形状の歯を成形し難い場合がある。   It is known that work hardening occurs when a metal material is plastically deformed. Further, it is known that the degree of work hardening increases as the amount of plastic deformation increases. Therefore, in the method of forming a plurality of teeth at the end of the caulked shaft body as in the rolling bearing device for a wheel according to Patent Document 1, the degree of work hardening of the shaft body before tooth forming increases, In some cases, it is difficult to form teeth having a desired shape at the end of the shaft body.

そこで、この発明の目的は、軸体の端部の軸方向端面に所望の形状の歯を成形することができる車輪用転がり軸受装置の製造方法を提供することである。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a rolling bearing device for a wheel that can form teeth having a desired shape on an axial end surface of an end portion of a shaft body.

前記目的を達成するための請求項１記載の発明は、筒状をなす端部を有する軸体（２）と、前記軸体の端部を所定量突出させた状態で、当該軸体に外嵌されている内輪（３）と、前記内輪に対して回転自在に外嵌されている外輪（４）と、前記内輪および外輪の間に保持されている複数の転動体（５）とを備える車輪用転がり軸受装置（１）において、前記突出させた軸体の端部をかしめるとともに、当該端部の軸方向端面に、軸方向と交差方向に延びる複数の歯を形成するための製造方法であって、前記軸体の端部を第１の状態までその外側に押し広げる第１工程と、前記第１工程の後に行われ、前記軸体の端部を第１の状態からさらに第２の状態まで外側に押し広げつつ、当該端部の軸方向端面（１５）に、軸方向と交差方向に延びる複数の歯（１６）を形成する第２工程とを含む、車輪用転がり軸受装置の製造方法である。   In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a shaft body (2) having a cylindrical end portion and an end portion of the shaft body are protruded by a predetermined amount, and the shaft body is externally attached. An inner ring (3) that is fitted, an outer ring (4) that is rotatably fitted to the inner ring, and a plurality of rolling elements (5) that are held between the inner ring and the outer ring. In the rolling bearing device for a wheel (1), a manufacturing method for caulking an end portion of the projecting shaft body and forming a plurality of teeth extending in a direction intersecting the axial direction on an axial end surface of the end portion The first step of pushing the end of the shaft body outwardly to the first state and after the first step are performed, and the end of the shaft body is further moved from the first state to the second state. While extending outward to the state of And a second step of forming a tooth (16), a method of manufacturing a wheel rolling bearing device.

この項において、括弧内の英数字は、後述の実施形態における対応構成要素の参照符号を表すものである。なお、これらの参照符号により特許請求の範囲を限定する趣旨ではない。
この発明によれば、軸体の端部を第１の状態までその外側に押し広げ、その後、第１の状態からさらに第２の状態まで外側に押し広げる。これにより、軸体の端部をかしめることができる。また、軸体の端部を第１の状態からさらに第２の状態まで外側に押し広げつつ、当該軸方向端面に軸方向と交差方向に延びる複数の歯を形成する。すなわち、軸体の端部を複数工程（第１工程および第２工程）でかしめるとともに、軸体の端部をかしめつつ当該端部の軸方向端面に前記複数の歯を形成する。したがって、軸体の加工硬化の度合いが比較的小さい段階で前記複数の歯の形成が行われるので、所望の形状（歯すじ長さや歯のだれ形状）の歯を前記軸方向端面に成形することができる。 In this section, the alphanumeric characters in parentheses represent reference numerals of corresponding components in the embodiments described later. In addition, it is not the meaning which limits a claim by these reference symbols.
According to this invention, the end portion of the shaft body is pushed outward to the first state, and then pushed outward from the first state to the second state. Thereby, the edge part of a shaft can be crimped. Further, a plurality of teeth extending in the direction intersecting with the axial direction are formed on the axial end face while the end of the shaft body is expanded outward from the first state to the second state. That is, the end of the shaft body is caulked in a plurality of steps (first step and second step), and the plurality of teeth are formed on the end face in the axial direction of the end portion while caulking the end portion of the shaft body. Therefore, since the plurality of teeth are formed at a stage where the degree of work hardening of the shaft body is relatively small, teeth having a desired shape (tooth streak length or tooth shape) are formed on the axial end surface. Can do.

請求項２記載の発明は、前記第１工程および前記第２工程は、前記軸体の端部に対する押圧位置をその周方向に移動させつつ、当該端部をその外側に押し広げる処理を含む、請求項１記載の車輪用転がり軸受装置の製造方法である。
この発明によれば、第１工程および第２工程において、筒状をなす軸体の端部の全周を同時に押圧するのではなく、その周方向の所定範囲を押圧し当該範囲に加工を施す。そして、軸体の端部に対する押圧位置をその周方向に移動させることにより、軸体の端部の全周に加工を施す。したがって、軸体の端部の全周を同時に押圧して同時に加工する場合に比べて、小さい押圧力で軸体の端部を加工することができる。これにより、パンチの寿命を向上させることができる。 The invention according to claim 2 includes a process in which the first step and the second step include a process of pushing the end portion outward while moving the pressing position with respect to the end portion of the shaft body in the circumferential direction. It is a manufacturing method of the rolling bearing device for wheels according to claim 1.
According to this invention, in the first step and the second step, the entire circumference of the end portion of the cylindrical shaft body is not pressed at the same time, but a predetermined range in the circumferential direction is pressed to process the range. . Then, the entire periphery of the end portion of the shaft body is processed by moving the pressing position with respect to the end portion of the shaft body in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the end portion of the shaft body can be processed with a smaller pressing force than in the case where the entire circumference of the end portion of the shaft body is simultaneously pressed and processed simultaneously. Thereby, the lifetime of a punch can be improved.

請求項３記載の発明は、前記第１工程は、第１ステーション（ＳＴ１）において、かしめ用パンチ（１８）を用いて行われ、前記第２工程は、第２ステーション（ＳＴ２）において、歯成形パンチ（２２）を用いて行われる、請求項１または２記載の車輪用転がり軸受装置の製造方法である。
この発明によれば、第１ステーションにおいて、軸体の端部にかしめ用パンチが押し付けられ、第１工程が行われる。そして、第１ステーションから第２ステーションに車輪用転がり軸受装置が搬送され、第２ステーションにおいて、軸体の端部に歯成形パンチが押し付けられ、第２工程が行われる。したがって、第１ステーションから第２ステーションに車輪用転がり軸受装置を順次送りながら加工を行うことで、複数の車輪用転がり軸受装置を連続的に製造することができる。これにより、製品全体としての製造時間を短縮することができ、量産加工に適した効率的な製造を行うことができる。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first step is performed at the first station (ST1) using a caulking punch (18), and the second step is performed at the second station (ST2). It is a manufacturing method of the rolling bearing apparatus for wheels of Claim 1 or 2 performed using a punch (22).
According to this invention, in the first station, the caulking punch is pressed against the end of the shaft body, and the first step is performed. Then, the wheel rolling bearing device is conveyed from the first station to the second station, and in the second station, the tooth forming punch is pressed against the end of the shaft body, and the second step is performed. Therefore, a plurality of rolling bearing devices for wheels can be continuously manufactured by performing processing while sequentially sending the rolling bearing devices for wheels from the first station to the second station. Thereby, the manufacturing time as the whole product can be shortened, and the efficient manufacture suitable for mass production processing can be performed.

第１ステーションと第２ステーションは、同一の製造装置内における異なる位置であってもよいし、異なる製造装置内に設けられていてもよい。   The first station and the second station may be at different positions in the same manufacturing apparatus, or may be provided in different manufacturing apparatuses.

本発明の一実施形態に係る車輪用転がり軸受装置とこれに関連する構成の図解的な断面図である。1 is a schematic sectional view of a rolling bearing device for a wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention and a configuration related thereto. 内軸の端部をかしめ、当該端部の軸方向端面に複数の歯を形成するときの製造工程の一例を説明するための概略図である。It is the schematic for demonstrating an example of the manufacturing process when crimping the edge part of an inner shaft and forming a several tooth | gear in the axial direction end surface of the said edge part.

以下には、図面を参照して、この発明の実施形態について具体的に説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る車輪用転がり軸受装置１とこれに関連する構成の図解的な断面図である。
車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、例えば自動車等の車両に備えられるものであり、懸架装置（図示せず）に車輪（図示せず）を回転自在に取り付けることができる。車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、筒状をなす内軸２（軸体）と、内軸２の端部（図１では、右端部）を所定量突出させた状態で当該内軸２に外嵌されている内輪３と、内輪３に対して回転自在に外嵌されている外輪４と、複数のボール５（転動体）とを備えている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wheel rolling bearing device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention and a configuration related thereto.
The wheel rolling bearing device 1 is provided in a vehicle such as an automobile, for example, and a wheel (not shown) can be rotatably attached to a suspension device (not shown). The wheel rolling bearing device 1 is externally fitted to the inner shaft 2 in a state in which a cylindrical inner shaft 2 (shaft body) and an end portion (right end portion in FIG. 1) of the inner shaft 2 protrude by a predetermined amount. The inner ring 3 is provided, the outer ring 4 is rotatably fitted to the inner ring 3, and a plurality of balls 5 (rolling elements).

車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、外輪４が懸架装置に固定されるようになっており、車輪は、ブレーキローター（図示せず）等を介して、内軸２に設けられたフランジ部６に取り付けられるようになっている。内軸２および内輪３は外輪４に対して回転自在となっており、内軸２には、エンジン（図示せず）の回転がドライブシャフト７等を介して伝達されるようになっている。ドライブシャフト７は、その先端に連結された等速ボールジョイント８を介して内軸２に連結される。等速ボールジョイント８は、外輪９および内輪（図示せず）と、外輪９および内輪間に保持された転動体（図示せず）とを備えている。   In the rolling bearing device 1 for a wheel, an outer ring 4 is fixed to a suspension device, and the wheel is attached to a flange portion 6 provided on the inner shaft 2 via a brake rotor (not shown) or the like. It is supposed to be. The inner shaft 2 and the inner ring 3 are rotatable with respect to the outer ring 4, and the rotation of an engine (not shown) is transmitted to the inner shaft 2 via a drive shaft 7 or the like. The drive shaft 7 is connected to the inner shaft 2 via a constant velocity ball joint 8 connected to the tip thereof. The constant velocity ball joint 8 includes an outer ring 9 and an inner ring (not shown), and rolling elements (not shown) held between the outer ring 9 and the inner ring.

等速ボールジョイント８の外輪９の先端部（図１では左端部）には、軸方向に突出する筒状突出部１０が設けられている。筒状突出部１０の内周には、ねじが形成されている。また、筒状突出部１０を取り囲む外輪９の軸方向端面１１には、筒状突出部１０の径方向にそれぞれ延びる複数の歯１２が形成されている。複数の歯１２は、筒状突出部１０の周方向に等間隔を隔てて配列されており、それぞれ山形をなしている。   A cylindrical projecting portion 10 projecting in the axial direction is provided at the distal end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) of the outer ring 9 of the constant velocity ball joint 8. A screw is formed on the inner periphery of the cylindrical protrusion 10. A plurality of teeth 12 extending in the radial direction of the cylindrical protrusion 10 are formed on the axial end surface 11 of the outer ring 9 surrounding the cylindrical protrusion 10. The plurality of teeth 12 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical protrusion 10 and each has a mountain shape.

筒状突出部１０は、内軸２の右端部から内軸２の内周に挿入される。筒状突出部１０が内軸２の内周に挿入された状態で、内軸２の左端部から内軸２の内周に挿入されたボルト１３の雄ねじ部が筒状突出部１０の内周にねじ込まれることにより、等速ボールジョイント８が内軸２に固定される。
また、車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、例えば複列アンギュラ玉軸受として機能するように構成されている。複数のボール５は、内軸２の周囲を取り囲む２つの列を構成している。一方の列を構成する複数のボール５と、他方の列を構成する複数のボール５とは、内軸２の軸方向（図１では、左右方向）に間隔を隔てて配置されている。一方の列を構成する複数のボール５は、外輪４と内輪３との間に配置されており、他方の列を構成する複数のボール５は、外輪４と内軸２との間に配置されている。 The cylindrical protrusion 10 is inserted from the right end portion of the inner shaft 2 into the inner periphery of the inner shaft 2. In a state where the cylindrical protruding portion 10 is inserted into the inner periphery of the inner shaft 2, the male screw portion of the bolt 13 inserted from the left end portion of the inner shaft 2 to the inner periphery of the inner shaft 2 is the inner periphery of the cylindrical protruding portion 10. The constant velocity ball joint 8 is fixed to the inner shaft 2 by being screwed into the inner shaft 2.
Moreover, the rolling bearing device 1 for wheels is comprised so that it may function as a double row angular contact ball bearing, for example. The plurality of balls 5 constitute two rows surrounding the inner shaft 2. The plurality of balls 5 constituting one row and the plurality of balls 5 constituting the other row are arranged with an interval in the axial direction of the inner shaft 2 (the left-right direction in FIG. 1). The plurality of balls 5 constituting one row are arranged between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 3, and the plurality of balls 5 constituting the other row are arranged between the outer ring 4 and the inner shaft 2. ing.

内軸２の端部（図１では、右端部）はその外側に押し広げられるようにかしめられている。内軸２の端部には、内輪３の抜け止めとして機能するかしめ部１４が形成されている。かしめ部１４の軸方向端面１５（図１では、右端面）には、内軸２の径方向にそれぞれ延びる複数の歯１６（サイドスプライン）が形成されている。複数の歯１６は、内軸２の周方向に等間隔を隔てて配列されており、それぞれ山形をなしている。等速ボールジョイント８は、外輪９に形成された複数の歯１２と内軸２の端部に形成された複数の歯１６とが噛み合うように内軸２に連結される。これらの歯１２，１６の噛み合いにより、エンジンからの回転が等速ボールジョイント８等を介して内軸２に確実に伝達される。   An end portion (right end portion in FIG. 1) of the inner shaft 2 is crimped so as to be pushed outward. A caulking portion 14 that functions as a retaining member for the inner ring 3 is formed at the end of the inner shaft 2. A plurality of teeth 16 (side splines) extending in the radial direction of the inner shaft 2 are formed on the axial end surface 15 (the right end surface in FIG. 1) of the caulking portion 14. The plurality of teeth 16 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner shaft 2 and each has a mountain shape. The constant velocity ball joint 8 is connected to the inner shaft 2 so that the plurality of teeth 12 formed on the outer ring 9 and the plurality of teeth 16 formed on the end of the inner shaft 2 mesh with each other. The meshing of these teeth 12 and 16 ensures that the rotation from the engine is transmitted to the inner shaft 2 via the constant velocity ball joint 8 and the like.

図２は、内軸２の端部をかしめ、当該端部の軸方向端面１５に複数の歯１６を形成するときの製造工程の一例を説明するための概略図である。内軸２は、例えばＳ５５Ｃなどの炭素鋼により形成されたものであり、かしめ部１４が形成される側の内軸２の端部（図２では上端部）は、熱処理などの硬化処理が行われていない状態である。
内軸２の端部がかしめられる前の車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、図２（ａ）に示すように、第１ステーションＳＴ１において第１固定部材１７に取り付けられ固定される。 FIG. 2 is a schematic view for explaining an example of a manufacturing process when the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is caulked and a plurality of teeth 16 are formed on the axial end surface 15 of the end portion. The inner shaft 2 is formed of carbon steel such as S55C, for example, and the end portion (upper end portion in FIG. 2) of the inner shaft 2 on the side where the caulking portion 14 is formed is subjected to a hardening process such as heat treatment. It is a state that is not broken.
The wheel rolling bearing device 1 before the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is caulked is attached and fixed to the first fixing member 17 in the first station ST1, as shown in FIG. 2 (a).

次に、かしめ用パンチ１８が降下され、図２（ｂ）に示すように、内軸２の端部（上端部）にその上側からかしめ用パンチ１８が押し当てられる。かしめ用パンチ１８は、例えば円柱状であり、その下端部には、円柱状の突起１９が設けられている。突起１９はかしめ用パンチ１８の下面において中央部に位置しており、当該下面において突起１９を取り囲む環状の領域２０は突起１９の周面に滑らかに連なっている。かしめ用パンチ１８は、この環状の領域２０と突起１９の周面が内軸２の端部に押し当てられる。   Next, the caulking punch 18 is lowered, and as shown in FIG. 2B, the caulking punch 18 is pressed against the end portion (upper end portion) of the inner shaft 2 from above. The caulking punch 18 has a columnar shape, for example, and a columnar protrusion 19 is provided at the lower end thereof. The protrusion 19 is located at the center of the lower surface of the caulking punch 18, and an annular region 20 surrounding the protrusion 19 on the lower surface is smoothly connected to the peripheral surface of the protrusion 19. In the caulking punch 18, the annular region 20 and the peripheral surface of the protrusion 19 are pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2.

かしめ用パンチ１８は、図２（ｂ）に示すように、その中心軸線が内軸２の中心軸線に対して傾けられた状態で、その下面が内軸２の端部に押し付けられる。そして、内軸２の端部に押し付けられた状態で、内軸２の中心軸線まわりにかしめ用パンチ１８が回転（すりこぎ運動）される。この製造工程の一例では、かしめ用パンチ１８の回転速度が例えば２００ｒｐｍとされており、回転時間が例えば６ｓｅｃとされている。したがって、この製造工程の一例では、かしめ用パンチ１８が内軸２の端部に押し付けられた状態で２０回転される。   As shown in FIG. 2B, the lower surface of the caulking punch 18 is pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2 in a state where the central axis is inclined with respect to the central axis of the inner shaft 2. Then, the caulking punch 18 is rotated around the central axis of the inner shaft 2 while being pressed against the end portion of the inner shaft 2 (a rubbing motion). In an example of this manufacturing process, the rotation speed of the caulking punch 18 is set to 200 rpm, for example, and the rotation time is set to 6 seconds, for example. Therefore, in this example of the manufacturing process, the caulking punch 18 is rotated 20 times while being pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2.

かしめ用パンチ１８が内軸２の端部に押し付けられることにより、内軸２の端部における周方向の所定範囲にかしめ用パンチ１８が当接する。これにより、前記所定範囲がかしめ用パンチ１８によって押圧され内軸２の外側に広げられるように塑性変形する。そして、かしめ用パンチ１８が内軸２の端部に押し付けられた状態で回転されることにより、内軸２の端部に対するかしめ用パンチ１８の押圧位置がその周方向に移動し、当該端部の全周がかしめ用パンチ１８によって押圧される。これにより、内軸２の端部の全周が塑性変形し、第１の状態までその外側に押し広げられる（第１工程）。   When the caulking punch 18 is pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2, the caulking punch 18 comes into contact with a predetermined range in the circumferential direction at the end of the inner shaft 2. As a result, the predetermined range is plastically deformed so that the predetermined range is pressed by the caulking punch 18 and is spread outside the inner shaft 2. Then, when the caulking punch 18 is rotated while being pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2, the pressing position of the caulking punch 18 against the end of the inner shaft 2 moves in the circumferential direction, and the end Is pressed by the caulking punch 18. As a result, the entire circumference of the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is plastically deformed and pushed outward to the first state (first step).

この製造工程の一例において、第１の状態は、内輪３の上面から内軸２の上端までのかしめ前の高さＨ１（軸方向への高さ）が１１．０ｍｍである場合に、当該高さＨ１が１０．２ｍｍに減少した状態とされている。第１の状態は、このような状態に限らず、第１工程の後に行われる第２工程において、内軸２の端部に塑性加工による割れやしわが生じることなく、当該端部の軸方向端面１５に所望の形状の複数の歯１６を形成できる状態であればよい。   In an example of this manufacturing process, the first state is that when a height H1 (height in the axial direction) before caulking from the upper surface of the inner ring 3 to the upper end of the inner shaft 2 is 11.0 mm, The height H1 is reduced to 10.2 mm. The first state is not limited to such a state. In the second step performed after the first step, the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is not cracked or wrinkled by plastic working, and the axial direction of the end portion is not affected. What is necessary is just the state which can form the several teeth 16 of a desired shape in the end surface 15. FIG.

内軸２の端部が第１の状態まで押し広げられ第１工程が終了すると、車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、第１ステーションＳＴ１から第２ステーションＳＴ２に搬送される。第１ステーションＳＴ１と第２ステーションＳＴ２は、同一の製造装置内における異なる場所であってもよいし、異なる製造装置内に設けられていてもよい。車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、図２（ｃ）に示すように、第２ステーションＳＴ２において第２固定部材２１に固定される。車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、内軸２におけるかしめ部１４が形成される側の端部が上側となり、内軸２の中心軸線がほぼ鉛直となるように第２固定部材２１に固定される。   When the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is pushed up to the first state and the first step is completed, the wheel rolling bearing device 1 is conveyed from the first station ST1 to the second station ST2. The first station ST1 and the second station ST2 may be different places in the same manufacturing apparatus, or may be provided in different manufacturing apparatuses. As shown in FIG. 2C, the wheel rolling bearing device 1 is fixed to the second fixing member 21 at the second station ST2. The wheel rolling bearing device 1 is fixed to the second fixing member 21 so that the end of the inner shaft 2 where the caulking portion 14 is formed is on the upper side, and the central axis of the inner shaft 2 is substantially vertical.

次に、歯成形パンチ２２が降下され、図２（ｃ）に示すように、内軸２の端部にその上側から歯成形パンチ２２が押し当てられる。歯成形パンチ２２は、例えば円柱状であり、その下端部には、円柱状の突部２３が設けられている。突部２３は、歯成形パンチ２２の下面において中央部に位置しており、当該下面において突部２３を取り囲む環状の領域２４は、突部２３の周面に滑らかに連なっている。歯成形パンチ２２は、この環状の領域２４と突部２３の周面が内軸２の端部に押し当てられる。また、環状の領域２４には、内軸２の端部に複数の歯１６を形成するための、複数の歯２５が形成されている。複数の歯２５は、それぞれ歯成形パンチ２２の径方向に延びており、歯成形パンチ２２の周方向に等間隔を隔てて配列されている。また、複数の歯２５は、それぞれ山形をなしている。   Next, the tooth forming punch 22 is lowered, and the tooth forming punch 22 is pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2 from above as shown in FIG. The tooth forming punch 22 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical protrusion 23 is provided at the lower end thereof. The protrusion 23 is located at the center of the lower surface of the tooth forming punch 22, and an annular region 24 surrounding the protrusion 23 on the lower surface is smoothly connected to the peripheral surface of the protrusion 23. In the tooth forming punch 22, the annular surface 24 and the peripheral surface of the projection 23 are pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2. A plurality of teeth 25 for forming a plurality of teeth 16 at the end of the inner shaft 2 are formed in the annular region 24. The plurality of teeth 25 each extend in the radial direction of the tooth forming punch 22 and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the tooth forming punch 22. Further, the plurality of teeth 25 are each chevron shaped.

歯成形パンチ２２は、かしめ用パンチ１８と同様に、その中心軸線が内軸２の中心軸線に対して傾けられた状態でその下面が内軸２の端部に押し付けられる。そして、内軸２の端部に押し付けられた状態で、内軸２の中心軸線まわりに歯成形パンチ２２が回転（すりこぎ運動）される。この製造工程の一例では、歯成形パンチ２２の回転速度は例えば２００ｒｐｍとされており、回転時間は例えば６ｓｅｃとされている。したがって、この製造工程の一例では、歯成形パンチ２２が内軸２の端部に押し付けられた状態で２０回転される。また、この製造工程の一例では、内軸２の端部に対する歯成形パンチ２２の押圧力が、内軸２の端部に対するかしめ用パンチ１８の押圧力よりも大きくなる（例えば３倍になる）ように設定されている。歯成形パンチ２２の押圧力は、かしめ用パンチ１８の押圧力と等しくなるように設定されていてもよいし、小さくなるように設定されていてもよい。   Similarly to the caulking punch 18, the lower surface of the tooth forming punch 22 is pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2 in a state where the center axis is inclined with respect to the central axis of the inner shaft 2. Then, the tooth forming punch 22 is rotated around the central axis of the inner shaft 2 while being pressed against the end portion of the inner shaft 2 (a grinding motion). In an example of this manufacturing process, the rotation speed of the tooth forming punch 22 is set to 200 rpm, for example, and the rotation time is set to 6 seconds, for example. Therefore, in this example of the manufacturing process, the tooth forming punch 22 is rotated 20 times while being pressed against the end of the inner shaft 2. Further, in this example of the manufacturing process, the pressing force of the tooth forming punch 22 against the end portion of the inner shaft 2 becomes larger (for example, three times) than the pressing force of the caulking punch 18 against the end portion of the inner shaft 2. Is set to The pressing force of the tooth forming punch 22 may be set to be equal to the pressing force of the caulking punch 18 or may be set to be small.

歯成形パンチ２２が内軸２の端部に押し付けられることにより、内軸２の端部における周方向の所定範囲に歯成形パンチ２２が当接する。これにより、前記所定範囲が歯成形パンチ２２によって押圧され内軸２の外側に広げられるように塑性変形する。そして、歯成形パンチ２２が内軸２の端部に押し付けられた状態で回転されることにより、内軸２の端部に対する歯成形パンチ２２の押圧位置がその周方向に移動し、当該端部の全周が歯成形パンチ２２によって押圧される。これにより、内軸２の端部の全周が塑性変形し、第１の状態からさらに第２の状態まで外側に押し広げられる（第２工程）。内軸２の端部が第２の状態まで外側に押し広げられることにより、内軸２の端部がかしめられ、内軸２の端部にかしめ部１４が形成される。この製造工程の一例において、第２の状態は、内軸２の端部がかしめられた状態とされている。   When the tooth forming punch 22 is pressed against the end portion of the inner shaft 2, the tooth forming punch 22 comes into contact with a predetermined range in the circumferential direction at the end portion of the inner shaft 2. As a result, the predetermined range is plastically deformed so that the predetermined range is pressed by the tooth forming punch 22 and widened to the outside of the inner shaft 2. Then, when the tooth forming punch 22 is rotated in a state of being pressed against the end portion of the inner shaft 2, the pressing position of the tooth forming punch 22 against the end portion of the inner shaft 2 moves in the circumferential direction, and the end portion Is pressed by the tooth forming punch 22. As a result, the entire circumference of the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is plastically deformed and further spread outward from the first state to the second state (second step). When the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is pushed outward to the second state, the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is caulked, and the caulking portion 14 is formed at the end portion of the inner shaft 2. In an example of this manufacturing process, the second state is a state in which the end of the inner shaft 2 is caulked.

また、歯成形パンチ２２の下面に複数の歯２５が形成されているので、内軸２の端部が第２の状態まで外側に押し広げられるときに、歯成形パンチ２２の下面の形状が内軸２の端部の軸方向端面１５に転写され（コイニング）、内軸２の端部の軸方向端面１５に複数の歯１６（サイドスプライン）が形成される。すなわち、この第２工程では、内軸２の端部を第１の状態からさらに第２の状態まで外側に押し広げつつ、当該端部の軸方向端面１５に複数の歯１６を形成するようになっている。   Further, since the plurality of teeth 25 are formed on the lower surface of the tooth forming punch 22, when the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is pushed outward to the second state, the shape of the lower surface of the tooth forming punch 22 is the inner shape. Transferred (coining) to the axial end surface 15 at the end of the shaft 2, a plurality of teeth 16 (side splines) are formed on the axial end surface 15 at the end of the inner shaft 2. That is, in this second step, the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is expanded outward from the first state to the second state, and a plurality of teeth 16 are formed on the axial end surface 15 of the end portion. It has become.

以上のように本実施形態では、内軸２の端部を複数工程（第１工程および第２工程）でかしめるとともに、内軸２の端部をかしめつつ当該端部の軸方向端面１５に複数の歯１６を形成する。したがって、歯成形前における内軸２の加工硬化の度合いを比較的小さくすることができ、内軸２の端部に所望の形状（歯すじ長さや歯のだれ形状）の歯１６を成形することができる。また、加工硬化の度合いが比較的小さい段階で複数の歯１６の成形を行うので、内軸２の端部に対する歯成形パンチ２２の押圧力を低減することができる。これにより、歯成形パンチ２２の寿命を向上させることができる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is caulked in a plurality of steps (first step and second step), and the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is caulked to the axial end surface 15 of the end portion. A plurality of teeth 16 are formed. Therefore, the degree of work hardening of the inner shaft 2 before the tooth molding can be made relatively small, and the teeth 16 having a desired shape (the length of the teeth or the shape of the teeth) are formed at the end of the inner shaft 2. Can do. Further, since the plurality of teeth 16 are formed at a stage where the degree of work hardening is relatively small, the pressing force of the tooth forming punch 22 against the end portion of the inner shaft 2 can be reduced. Thereby, the lifetime of the tooth shaping punch 22 can be improved.

また、第１工程および第２工程において、筒状をなす内軸２の端部の全周を同時に押圧するのではなく、その周方向の所定範囲を押圧し、さらに、内軸２の端部に対する押圧位置をその周方向に移動させることにより当該端部の全周に加工を施すので、内軸２の端部の全周を同時に押圧して同時に加工する場合に比べて、小さい押圧力で内軸２の端部を加工することができる。これにより、パンチ（かしめ用パンチ１８および歯成形パンチ２２）の寿命を向上させることができる。また、かしめによる応力によって、内輪３が変形したり、内輪３の外周面にボール５の圧痕が形成されたりすることを防止することができる。   Further, in the first step and the second step, the entire circumference of the end portion of the cylindrical inner shaft 2 is not pressed simultaneously, but a predetermined range in the circumferential direction is pressed, and the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is further pressed. Since the entire circumference of the end portion is processed by moving the pressing position with respect to the circumferential direction, the entire circumference of the end portion of the inner shaft 2 is pressed simultaneously and processed at the same time with a smaller pressing force. The end of the inner shaft 2 can be processed. Thereby, the lifetime of the punch (caulking punch 18 and tooth forming punch 22) can be improved. Further, it is possible to prevent the inner ring 3 from being deformed or the impression of the ball 5 from being formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 due to the stress caused by caulking.

さらに、第１ステーションＳＴ１および第２ステーションＳＴ２において、それぞれ第１工程および第２工程が行われるので、第１ステーションＳＴ１から第２ステーションＳＴ２に車輪用転がり軸受装置１を順次送りながら加工を行うことで、複数の車輪用転がり軸受装置１を連続的に製造することができる。これにより、製品全体としての製造時間を短縮することができ、量産加工に適した効率的な製造を行うことができる。   Further, since the first step and the second step are respectively performed in the first station ST1 and the second station ST2, the processing is performed while the wheel rolling bearing device 1 is sequentially sent from the first station ST1 to the second station ST2. Thus, a plurality of rolling bearing devices 1 for wheels can be continuously manufactured. Thereby, the manufacturing time as the whole product can be shortened, and the efficient manufacture suitable for mass production processing can be performed.

この発明の実施の形態の説明は以上であるが、この発明は、前述の実施形態の内容に限定されるものではなく、請求項記載の範囲内において種々の変更が可能である。例えば、前述の実施形態では、第１ステーションＳＴ１および第２ステーションＳＴ２において、それぞれ、第１工程および第２工程が行われる場合について説明したが、これに限らず、同一のステーションで第１工程および第２工程が行われてもよい。   Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the contents of the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the first step and the second step are performed in the first station ST1 and the second station ST2, respectively, has been described. The second step may be performed.

また、前述の実施形態では、第１工程において用いられるパンチ（かしめ用パンチ１８）と第２工程において用いられるパンチ（歯成形パンチ２２）とが異なる場合について説明したが、第１工程および第２工程おいて用いられるパンチは、同種のパンチであってもよいし、同一のパンチであってもよい。すなわち、第１ステーションＳＴ１において歯成形パンチ２２を用いて内軸２の端部を第１の状態までその外側に押し広げ（第１工程）、さらに、第２ステーションＳＴ２において第１工程における歯成形パンチ２２と同種の歯成形パンチ２２を用いて第２工程を行ってもよい。また、第１工程および第２工程が同一のステーションにおいて行われる場合には、同一の歯成形パンチ２２を用いてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the case where the punch (caulking punch 18) used in the first process is different from the punch (tooth forming punch 22) used in the second process has been described. The punches used in the process may be the same type of punch or the same punch. That is, at the first station ST1, the end of the inner shaft 2 is pushed outward to the first state by using the tooth forming punch 22 (first step), and further, at the second station ST2, the tooth forming in the first step is performed. The second step may be performed using the same type of tooth forming punch 22 as the punch 22. Further, when the first step and the second step are performed in the same station, the same tooth forming punch 22 may be used.

また、前述の実施形態では、転動体としてボール５が用いられ、車輪用転がり軸受装置１が複列アンギュラ玉軸受として機能するように構成されている場合について説明したが、転動体としてはボール５に限らずころであってもよいし、車輪用転がり軸受装置１は、複列アンギュラ玉軸受以外の軸受として機能するように構成されていてもよい。   Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the ball 5 is used as the rolling element and the wheel rolling bearing device 1 is configured to function as a double row angular ball bearing has been described. However, the present invention may be a roller, and the wheel rolling bearing device 1 may be configured to function as a bearing other than the double-row angular ball bearing.

１・・・車輪用転がり軸受装置、２・・・内軸（軸体）、３・・・内輪、４・・・外輪、
５・・・ボール（転動体）、１５・・・軸方向端面、１６・・・歯、１８・・・かしめ用パンチ、２２・・・歯成形パンチ、ＳＴ１・・・第１ステーション、ＳＴ２・・・第２ステーション DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rolling bearing apparatus for wheels, 2 ... Inner shaft (shaft body), 3 ... Inner ring, 4 ... Outer ring,
5 ... Ball (rolling element), 15 ... Axial end face, 16 ... Teeth, 18 ... Caulking punch, 22 ... Teeth forming punch, ST1 ... First station, ST2, ..Second station

Claims (3)

筒状をなす端部を有する軸体と、前記軸体の端部を所定量突出させた状態で、当該軸体に外嵌されている内輪と、前記内輪に対して回転自在に外嵌されている外輪と、前記内輪および外輪の間に保持されている複数の転動体とを備える車輪用転がり軸受装置において、前記突出させた軸体の端部をかしめるとともに、当該端部の軸方向端面に、軸方向と交差方向に延びる複数の歯を形成するための製造方法であって、
前記軸体の端部を第１の状態までその外側に押し広げる第１工程と、
前記第１工程の後に行われ、前記軸体の端部を第１の状態からさらに第２の状態まで外側に押し広げつつ、当該端部の軸方向端面に、軸方向と交差方向に延びる複数の歯を形成する第２工程とを含む、車輪用転がり軸受装置の製造方法。 A shaft body having a cylindrical end portion, an inner ring that is externally fitted to the shaft body in a state where the end portion of the shaft body projects a predetermined amount, and an outer ring that is rotatably fitted to the inner ring. A rolling bearing device for a wheel comprising an outer ring and a plurality of rolling elements held between the inner ring and the outer ring, and caulking an end portion of the protruding shaft body, and an axial direction of the end portion A manufacturing method for forming a plurality of teeth extending in an axial direction and an intersecting direction on an end face,
A first step of expanding the end of the shaft body outwardly to a first state;
A plurality of steps that are performed after the first step and extend to the axial end face of the end portion in the direction intersecting the axial direction while expanding the end portion of the shaft body outward from the first state to the second state. The manufacturing method of the rolling bearing apparatus for wheels including the 2nd process which forms the tooth | gear of this. 前記第１工程および前記第２工程は、前記軸体の端部に対する押圧位置をその周方向に移動させつつ、当該端部をその外側に押し広げる処理を含む、請求項１記載の車輪用転がり軸受装置の製造方法。   2. The wheel rolling according to claim 1, wherein the first step and the second step include a process of pushing the end portion outward while moving a pressing position on the end portion of the shaft body in the circumferential direction. Manufacturing method of bearing device. 前記第１工程は、第１ステーションにおいて、かしめ用パンチを用いて行われ、
前記第２工程は、第２ステーションにおいて、歯成形パンチを用いて行われる、請求項１または２記載の車輪用転がり軸受装置の製造方法。 The first step is performed using a caulking punch at the first station,
The method for manufacturing a rolling bearing device for a wheel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second step is performed at the second station using a tooth forming punch.
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