JP2011025213A - Purification method for purifying polluted water in river, lake and water purification plant for tap water by loading rotary purifier with charcoal, and rotary purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problems: a coating film is formed on charcoal due to impurities in polluted water and causes clogging of charcoal pores, and charcoal and baskets are swept away or buried in soil and stones during flooding, in water purification methods for rivers, lakes and water purification plants for tap water, where the polluted water is purified by submerging charcoal having strong adsorbability contained in baskets or net bags with stone weights to the bottom of rivers and lakes, and the tap water is purified by placing granular charcoal in water tanks and supplied to homes. <P>SOLUTION: In this method for purifying the polluted water using a rotary purifier, a mixture of charcoal-containing bags and finely-chopped sponges are inserted into the partitioned purification chambers of the rotary purifier made in a waterwheel-like form without placing the charcoal at the bottom of a river or water intake passage. While the water of the river or water intake passage is shut off, the rotary purifier is installed across the water passage in such a way that the lower part of the rotary purifier is submerged in the polluted water. The number of the rotary purifiers installed is determined according to the water amount, and they are installed in a line. After the installation, when the polluted water is allowed to flow by opening a water intake at which the water has been shut off, the rotary purifier is rotated by a fluid pressure, and the charcoal-containing bags and the sponges in the partitioned purification chambers are moved and rubbed against each other. The outer surfaces of the charcoal-containing bags are rubbed and the impurities apt to adhere are rubbed off, so that the clogging and the film formation are prevented. Thus, the charcoal can be used for a long period of time. In addition, the rotation causes the charcoal, the sponge and a wire mesh cover with a mat to adsorb the polluted water and spread the adsorbed polluted water to space while rotating and ascending, and causes aeration to increase dissolved oxygen. Further, acidophilic bacteria in the charcoal pores are activated by the increased oxygen amount to further enhance the purification. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention focuses on charcoal for purifying polluted water by turning a sponge in a rotary purifier and a charcoal bag containing charcoal for purifying rivers, lakes, tap water, and domestic wastewater. It can be used for a long time without clogging or film formation. A rotary purifier that purifies contaminated water.

  Conventional purification of rivers, lakes, tap water purification plants, and domestic wastewater has been carried out using charcoal. Charcoal was put into resin jars, net bags, and wire netting basins, and stones were put on the bottoms of rivers and lakes and submerged to purify contaminated water. The above method was used around rivers and lakes where polluted water was generated. At the beginning of the installation, the contaminated water became clean and fish and fireflies began to live. However, with the passage of time, the effect disappeared in various places, and as soon as it was not cleaned up in two months. The results of the investigation, including the cause, revealed that a film was formed on the charcoal due to impurities in the contaminated water, which caused clogging of the pores of the charcoal and prevented the contaminated water from penetrating into the charcoal. It has failed in various places, and there are no places where it is currently used.

  In addition, the method of installing it on the bottom of rivers and lakes has caused coal slag and charcoal to be buried and washed away in some places during floods. Furthermore, charcoal was covered with leaves and garbage, and it became hypoxic, and the purification power was lost due to oxygen deficiency of aerobic bacteria living in the pores of charcoal.

As for the purification method of tap water purification plant, the raw water is introduced into the purification plant as it is from the lake water, reservoir, and dam water.
Let me give you two examples. The current state of Kanamachi Water Purification Plant in Tokyo is distributed to households and factories through raw water → coagulation sedimentation → ozone treatment → granular activated carbon treatment → chlorine disinfection → rapid sand filtration → water purification process.
In Ibaraki Kasumigaura Water Treatment Plant, raw water → biological treatment → chlorine injection → coagulation sedimentation → rapid sand filtration → granular activated carbon treatment → chlorine disinfection → water is distributed to households and factories.

“Common sense of new water” Fumiki Publishing 2-2-8 Minamiaoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo DF Building 4F “Tap water and smells” Edaido Publishing Co., Ltd. 8-7 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 25th Kowa Building

  There is a method in which a stone net is attached to a wire netting fence or net bag with charcoal on the bottom of the river or lake described above. The biggest problem is that charcoal forms a film with impurities of contaminated water, and the pores of the charcoal are clogged by the barrier of the film, so that the contaminated water cannot penetrate and water quality purification becomes impossible.

  In the method of submerging and purifying the bottom of the water, the installed charcoal loses its purification power and does not come into contact with the air until it is lifted from the bottom. Bacteria caught in the pores of charcoal are mostly aerobic bacteria, and polluted water contains a lot of oxygen-deficient water, and the bacteria cannot be activated only by oxygen in the contaminated water.

  In tap water, organic chemicals contained in raw tap water and chlorine used for disinfection and sterilization cause a chemical reaction to generate trihalomethane. Trihalomethane is a terrible substance that induces cancer cells. Not only that, it is a substance that causes central deterioration, liver and kidney damage. Even a small amount below the standard accumulates in the body if taken for a long time. Parents who are drinking may affect their children and grandchildren, even if there are no symptoms.

The California Health Department in the United States conducted a survey on the health effects of tap water, but the risk of miscarriage is high when drinking water containing trihalomethanes for a long time, even if it is within the standards. It has been reported that
As a result of investigating the relationship between the amount of trihalomethane and the intake of tap water for miscarriage among 414 pregnant women with the support of the US Environmental Protection Agency and the cooperation of private medical institutions, early pregnancy Had a miscarriage rate of 15.7% when drinking 5 or more glasses of tap water with a trihalomethane concentration exceeding 75 ppb every day. Furthermore, it was reported that the miscarriage rate was 9.5% when drinking tap water of 75 ppb or less. The US standard content of trihalomethane is 100 ppb. ("Common sense of new water" 95P) The content standard value in Japan was regulated to 100 ppb in the same way as Europe and America in 1981.
Therefore, it cannot be said that it is absolutely safe even within the reference value.

The river water flowing into Lake Biwa is polluted by household effluents, agricultural chemicals, factory effluents, livestock effluents, etc., and the contaminated water gathers in Lake Biwa and is purified at the water purification plant as tap water. Used by 2 million people.
Nearly 10% of Japan's population. Since the water is moldy and cannot be drunk, every household buys mineral water in a plastic bottle or buys a water purifier and purifies it for eating and drinking. Not only Lake Biwa but also various parts of Japan distribute moldy tap water.
The cause of the odor of tap water is that eutrophication salts such as domestic wastewater, factory wastewater, livestock excrement, fertilizers, etc. flowing in from the rivers of the cyanobacterium of the lake water are eutrophied. . If the temperature of water containing nitrogen and phosphorus reaches the appropriate temperature for growth of cyanobacteria, it rapidly grows, exceeds the purification capacity and mixes with tap water, and moldy water is distributed.

In Kasumigaura, a large amount of blue sea bream occurred around 1970, and it reappeared in the summer of 2005. This blue sea urchin has microtoxin, a toxin that causes liver cancer, and its toxicity is said to be dozens of times that of potassium cyanide. Drinking water mixed with blue sea bream causes serious damage to people and animals. Therefore, although the country-wide removal work was carried out and calmed down, even today it cannot be said that the lake water has been completely cleaned.
At the Kasumigaura Environmental Science Center, it is announced that domestic wastewater and agricultural wastewater flow into the lake, phosphorus and nitrogen become high concentrations, and the water temperature rises above 30 degrees Celsius, and the sea bream is activated and produced in large quantities. If global warming due to carbon dioxide progresses, the water temperature of the lake will rise, and it is expected to occur not only in Kasumigaura and Lake Biwa, but also in various lakes. Furthermore, it is said that more than half of the world's lakes were eutrophied and the sea bream was breeding, which is a big problem all over the world.

  In my hometown of Shimane Prefecture, a large number of articles about the death of large numbers of Lake Shinji and Nakaumi Konoshiro fish were reported in Sanin Chuo Shimpo. The cause is that agricultural wastewater and domestic wastewater flow through the river, the water of Shinji Lake and Nakaumi are eutrophied, phosphorus and Chisso increase, the water temperature rises, and water is raised, and the water of Shinji Lake and Nakaumi Water It is said that the poison of microkistin has become high, resulting in the mass death of the white-spotted fish.

  With regard to the water quality of rivers, the local government has constructed a treatment plant for domestic wastewater and manure, and the treated wastewater is flowing into the river. A water intake for water supply is provided downstream of the drain. Even in the applicant's residence, the current situation is that the water supply intake is located on the most downstream side.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention creates a horizontally-long waterwheel-like rotatable purifier, and provides a compartment purification chamber on the outer periphery of the purifier, and a hair length rising state on the bottom surface of the bottom of the compartment purification chamber. The bottom of the wire mesh with the mat attached is made to be water-permeable, and a removable wire mesh lid with a removable mat is prepared on the ceiling of the upper surface of the space purification chamber to construct the space purification chamber. Furthermore, charcoal is put in a cloth-like bag that allows water to pass through, and a resin sponge cut into pieces is mixed into the compartment purification chamber, and the wire mesh lid with mat is tightened with a nut and fixed. Build a rotary purifier.
In addition, a pedestal with bearings attached to the upper surface of the concrete is installed on both sides of the river, and the rotary purifier is placed on the bearing, and the lower part of the rotary purifier is submerged in water and attached in a rotatable state by the pressure of the water flow.
After the installation is completed, if polluted water is flowed from the upstream, it starts to rotate slowly due to the water pressure and starts purification.

  As described above, the rotary purifier of the present invention has a charcoal-filled bag filled with charcoal and chopped sponges alternately inserted into the compartment purification chamber, and the rotary purifier is placed in the space above the water surface of rivers and lakes. By attaching the lower part so that it sinks in the water and rotating the space and the water alternately, the charcoal bag in the compartment purification chamber and the shredded sponge move and rub against each other, and clogging adhered to the outer surface of the charcoal bag. The charcoal-filled bag that prevents the formation of a film by rubbing off impurities in the contaminated water acts as a filter, and the charcoal in the bag is also free from clogging due to the formation of the film and can be used for a long time Became.

  The traditional method of sinking charcoal to the bottom of lakes and rivers does not expose the surface of the water after it is installed on the bottom of the water, and the bacteria in the charcoal that purifies the contaminated water are inactivated in anoxic conditions. The rotary purifier of the present invention constantly rotates alternately between space and water, sucks contaminated water when it is flooded by a chopped sponge or matted metal mesh lid, and then rotates up and disperses the contaminated water sucked from the upper part. To increase the amount of dissolved oxygen. If oxygen increases, bacteria in polluted water and aerobic bacteria that have stagnated in the pores of charcoal increase and increase the amount of dissolved oxygen, increasing the diet of pollutants adsorbed on charcoal. Decompose nitrogen and phosphorus in contaminated water. When there is no Chisso or phosphorus, it prevents eutrophication and stops the occurrence of blue-green and blue-green algae. Microkistin will not be produced if there are no blue seaweed or cyanobacteria. Furthermore, the moldy smell of cyanobacteria and diatom plankton disappears, and trihalomethane generated by disinfection of chlorine adsorbs charcoal, and bacteria in the pores of charcoal decompose and remove.

  The use of charcoal for purification is the best object that possesses unparalleled adsorption power and large pores and holds bacteria, and there are many charcoal materials in Yamano throughout Japan. ing. In addition, the use of charcoal helps to sort out the degraded forests.

  Since the rotary purifier of the present application is installed on the surface of the water, it will not be buried with sand or mud, or charcoal or firewood will be washed away or buried with earth and sand during floods. Charcoal not only purifies contaminated water, but also when it sucks up water from the soil for 20 or 30 years when it is nurtured as a tree, minerals such as calcium oxide, potassium, sodium, magnesium, and iron oxide in the soil Absorbs and accumulates and retains carbonized as it is, and gradually elutes in the compartment purification chamber, contributing to the growth of bacteria and further to the growth of seafood.

  Although various methods for purifying contaminated water have been developed, a large amount of equipment and maintenance costs are required. The purification method of this application is a method to provide a good environment for bacteria in the charcoal, increase the growth rate of bacteria, and purify it. Equipment costs are low, maintenance costs are low, and chemical treatment is required. There are no side effects and maintenance techniques are unnecessary.

  The rotary purification method of the present application uses unprecedented charcoal characteristics, and further utilizes the decomposition characteristics of bacteria, and the bacteria use the rotary backpack of the purifier to remove oxygen necessary for survival activation. Supply from contaminated water with a large amount of dissolved oxygen. The rotational power of the rotary purifier is rotated by the flow pressure of the contaminated water, and the power cost is unnecessary, and the rotation does not stop due to a power failure. The equipment is simple and does not require high technology, and there is no need for daily managers. In addition, organisms are not harmed by drug damage.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A water-wheel-shaped circular or polygonal horizontally rotatable rotary purifier as shown in FIG. 1 is made, and a shaft 2 is attached to the center. A partition purification chamber 3 is formed on the entire outside of the rotary purifier 1, and the mat is attached and fixed to the bottom of the partition purification chamber 3 on the wire mesh bottom 4 with the mat. Further, a removable metal mesh lid 5 with a mat is formed on the outer surface of the compartment purification chamber 3 and prepared in each compartment purification chamber 3 to form the compartment purification chamber 3. Prepared with fine charcoal 7 such as crushed charcoal, granulated charcoal, bamboo charcoal, etc., and strong chemical resistance such as woven fabric or non-woven fabric that can pass water, such as carbon fiber or Kepler 29 manufactured by Toray DuPont Co., Ltd. Make a bag with fiber made of fiber, put 3 kg of fine charcoal 7 in the bag, prepare a sealed charcoal bag 8, shred and scrape the resin sponge Make a sponge 9 for use. Sponge 9 is laid on the bottom of the compartment purification chamber 3, and a charcoal bag 8 is placed on the compartment purification chamber 3, and the sponges 9 are placed on top of each other and lightly closed and covered with a wire mesh lid 5 with a mat. Then, the charcoal-filled bag 8 and the sponge 9 are inserted into the entire compartment purification chamber 3 to form the rotary purifier 1.

  The bearing 10 is attached to the upper surface of the concrete side dam 15 on both sides of the river and the intake water channel, the shaft 2 of the rotary purifier 1 is mounted on the bearing 10 and assembled so that the lower compartment purification chamber 3 is submerged in the contaminated water. The upper part is assembled so that it can rotate in space.

  When the installation is complete, drain the contaminated water from the upstream. The amount of water is adjusted so that the rotary purifier 1 does not rotate rapidly, and the flow of contaminated water is adjusted so as to start rotating slowly. When flowing water starts, the contaminated water applies a flow pressure to the rotary purifier 1 and starts rotating gently. When the charcoal bag 8 in the compartment purification chamber 3 begins to be submerged, the charcoal bag 8 serves as a filter, and the charcoal 7 in the charcoal bag 8 does not clog or form a film. The contaminated water from which impurities have been removed enters the bag and is immersed in the pores of the charcoal 7. Bacteria in the pores and bacteria in the contaminated water feed and decompose the contaminants in the contaminated water adsorbed in the pores of the charcoal 7, and the bacteria are activated to purify the contaminated water Begin.

  Furthermore, by continuing the rotation, the charcoal bag 8 submerged in the water, the wire mesh bottom 4 with the mat, and the wire mesh lid 5 with the mat adsorbs a lot of contaminated water, and the adsorbed contaminated water is scattered while rising on the water surface. If the contaminated water disappears, the air is adsorbed and submerged in the contaminated water. The adsorbed air is discharged into the contaminated water to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen. Enriched oxygen in rivers, lakes and marshes by increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen, activating aerobic bacteria in charcoal, increasing the diet of pollutants, increasing the degradation of nitrogen and phosphorus in pollutants prevent. The occurrence of blue seaweed and cyanobacteria also stops. Furthermore, if there is no generation of cyanobacteria and blue-green algae, microkistin will not be generated, and the moldy smell due to the generation of blue-green algae and blue-green algae will be eliminated.

  When the rotary purifier 1 rotates, the center of gravity of the charcoal-filled bag 8 and sponge 9 in the compartment purification chamber 3 rides on the upper surface of the wire mesh lid 5 with a mat in the contaminated water, and if the rotation rises further, the compartment becomes horizontal. Ride on the upper surface of the plate 13 and reach the upper surface of the wire mesh bottom 4 with mat when reaching the highest part. The same thing is repeated when descending, and rotational movement is performed. The sponge 9 rubs against the outer surface of the charcoal bag 8 and rubs off impurities that are about to adhere to the outer surface of the charcoal bag 8, thereby preventing clogging or forming a coating. Only contaminated water enters the charcoal-filled bag 8 and is further submerged in the pores of the charcoal to come into contact with bacteria. The bacteria decompose and purify the contaminated food as a diet.

  By putting the charcoal-filled bag 8 into the compartment purification chamber 3 of the rotary purifier 1 and rotating the contaminated water and the space by the above method, the rivers and lakes adsorb nitrogen and phosphorus in household wastewater. It prevents eutrophication of lakes and marshes, prevents oxygen deficiency due to large outbreaks of cyanobacteria and actinomycetes, and adsorbs charcoal with bad smell. Furthermore, charcoal also adsorbs harmful trihalomethane and microkistin in tap water, and bacteria in the pores of charcoal 7 are decomposed.

  When purifying the water quality of a lake without water flow, there is a method to purify using electric power, but the cost of electric power increases. It is necessary not to install it in the lake, but to install it in the river estuary that flows into the lake, or in a place where there is a stream near the river mouth.

  When purifying tap water, it is best to perform rotational purification after chlorine disinfection. For this purpose, it is preferable to construct a purification water channel, install the necessary number of rotary purifiers 1 in a line on the water channel, and perform purification by rotating.

  There are various types of charcoal to be used, but charcoal baked at 500 ° C. or less is eluted in contaminated water because lignin and tar are not carbonized during use, and may deteriorate rather than purify.

Rotation purifier 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention, and a perspective view with the upper part removed a wire mesh lid 5 with a mat Enlarged view of wire mesh lid 5 with mat Enlarged view of the mat Enlarged view of charcoal bag 8 Overall view of the rotary purifier 1 as seen from the front

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotation purifier 2 Shaft 3 Compartment purification chamber 4 Wire net bottom with mat 5 Wire net lid with mat 6 Mat 7 Charcoal 8 Charcoal bag 9 Sponge 10 Bearing 11 Chuck 12 Bolt 13 Partition plate 14 Post 15 Concrete side bank 16 Bolt hole 17 Wire mesh lid

Claims (4)

  A compartment purification chamber (3) is provided on the outer surface of the water wheel-shaped rotary purifier (1), and a charcoal bag (8) containing charcoal (7) and a sponge (9) are placed in the compartment purification chamber (3). A rotary purifier that performs water purification by mixing and rotating.   A charcoal bag (8) is made using woven fabric and non-woven fabric that are water-permeable, breathable, charcoal (7) is put in the charcoal bag (8), and the sponge (9) shredded and the charcoal bag The bag (8) is mixed into the compartment purification chamber (3) and rotated, and the outer surface of the charcoal bag (8) and the sponge (9) rub against each other due to rotational movement. , Supplying contaminated water free of impurities to the bacteria in the charcoal (7), making contact with the bacteria and contaminated water, protecting and cultivating the bacteria, and purifying the contaminated water by the decomposition power of the bacteria. Water quality purification method for rivers, lakes and tap water purification plants.   A compartment purification chamber (3) is attached to the outer periphery of the rotary purification device (1), and a charcoal bag (8) and a sponge (9) containing charcoal (7) are mixed in the compartment purification chamber (3). Attach the rotary purifier (1) to the surface of the river or lake, install a part of the lower part of the rotary purifier (1) so that it sinks into the contaminated water, and set the charcoal (7 ) Rotate contaminated water and space alternately. When rotating around the space, it comes in contact with air to receive fresh oxygen and activates the bacteria. When rotating around the contaminated water, it adsorbs the contaminated water and decomposes the pollutants. To purify. In addition, a rotary purifier installed on the water surface that prevents charcoal and firewood from being buried or washed away during a flood.   A hot water mat (6) is attached to the bottom of the wire mesh bottom at the bottom of the compartment purification chamber (3) to form a wire mesh bottom (4) with a mat, and a wire mesh lid (17 ) Prepare a wire mesh lid (5) with a mat (6) attached to the outer surface, put a charcoal bag (8) and a sponge (9), and cover with a wire mesh lid (5) with a mat. By rotating, the mat (6) adsorbs a large amount of polluted water, and ascends and sprinkles into the space. After further sprinkling, the air is sucked into the polluted water to release dissolved oxygen. Increasingly, aerobic bacteria in the pores of the charcoal supply the oxygen necessary for activation and promote the purification of contaminated water. A method for activating bacteria by backing a mat (6) attached to a rotary purifier (1).

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