JP2011020092A - Method and apparatus for powder production - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for powder production Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011020092A JP2011020092A JP2009169325A JP2009169325A JP2011020092A JP 2011020092 A JP2011020092 A JP 2011020092A JP 2009169325 A JP2009169325 A JP 2009169325A JP 2009169325 A JP2009169325 A JP 2009169325A JP 2011020092 A JP2011020092 A JP 2011020092A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、固形物を粉砕して一定粒径以下の粉粒体を製造する方法及び装置に係り、特に一定粒径以下の粉粒体を遠心力を利用して収集する手段を有してなる粉粒体の製造方法及び製造装置に関する。併せて同粉粒体の製造方法及び製造装置を用いて廃棄タイヤから一定粒径以下のゴム粉粒体を製造する廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法及び再資源化装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a granular material having a predetermined particle size or less by pulverizing a solid, and particularly has means for collecting the granular material having a predetermined particle size or less using centrifugal force. The manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the granular material which becomes. In addition, the present invention relates to a rubber recycling method and a recycling apparatus for a discarded tire that manufactures a rubber granular material having a predetermined particle size or less from the discarded tire using the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for the powder.
固形物を粉砕し一定粒径の粉粒体を得るには、粉砕機で粉砕された固形物を所定の粒径に相当するメッシュの篩装置に投入し、前記篩装置を振動させることによって一定粒径以下の粉粒体を篩のメッシュから落下させて収集することが一般に行われている。また、篩のメッシュから落下せず篩上に残った一定粒径以上の粗い粉粒体を効率よく回収するために篩を傾斜させて配置することもよく行われている。
しかしこの方法では、粉砕機で粉砕された固形物を篩上まで搬送しなければならず、仮に粉砕機の排出口に接して篩装置を備えたとしても、篩い残された粗い粉粒体を粉砕機で再度粉砕するためには、篩い残された粗い粉粒体を破砕機の投入口まで何らかの手段で搬送する必要があり、粉粒体の製造装置が大型化するきらいがあった。
In order to pulverize a solid material and obtain a granular material having a constant particle size, the solid material pulverized by a pulverizer is put into a mesh sieving device corresponding to a predetermined particle size, and is fixed by vibrating the sieving device. It is common practice to collect powder particles having a particle size equal to or smaller than the particle size by dropping them from the mesh of the sieve. Further, in order to efficiently collect coarse particles having a certain particle size or more remaining on the sieve without falling from the mesh of the sieve, the sieve is often inclined and arranged.
However, in this method, the solid material pulverized by the pulverizer must be transported to the top of the sieve, and even if a sieving device is provided in contact with the discharge port of the pulverizer, the coarse particles left behind are removed. In order to pulverize again with the pulverizer, it is necessary to convey the coarse granular material left by sieving to the inlet of the pulverizer by some means, and there has been a tendency to increase the size of the granular material manufacturing apparatus.
また、一方では自動車の普及に伴う使用済みタイヤの大量な野積みや、野積みタイヤの自然発火による火災の発生等の環境破壊が社会問題化し、その再利用、再資源化が大きな課題となってきている。
使用済みタイヤの再利用、再資源化の方法としては、原型のまま。あるいは切断加工して遊具などとして使用したり、そのまま燃焼して高カロリーの熱源として利用されたりもしているが、一方では破砕装置によって粗破砕し、タイヤのゴム部分を補強するためにタイヤの内面に貼着された合成樹脂繊維製などのカーカスや、タイヤが路面に接する部分(トレッド)の内面に帯状に貼着された合成樹脂繊維製などのベルト、前記カーカスの両端を支持するとともにタイヤをリムに固定する金属製のビードワイヤー等の非ゴム素材をゴム部分から剥がして分離し、ゴム、合成樹脂繊維類、金属類をそれぞれ資源として再利用することも行われている。
しかし、前記の廃棄タイヤを資源として再利用する場合においては、ゴム部分から非ゴム素材を剥がして分離することが困難であること、そして分離したゴム部分に合成樹脂繊維や金属類の非ゴム素材が含まれていると、再生したゴム製品の商品価値が低下するという問題があった。
On the other hand, the massive destruction of used tires due to the spread of automobiles and the destruction of the environment such as fires caused by spontaneous ignition of piled tires have become social problems, and their reuse and recycling have become major issues. ing.
Reuse and recycle used tires as they are. Or it can be cut and used as playground equipment, or it can be burned as it is and used as a high calorie heat source, but on the other hand, it is roughly crushed by a crushing device and used to reinforce the rubber part of the tire A carcass made of synthetic resin fibers, etc. attached to a belt, a belt made of synthetic resin fibers, etc., attached to the inner surface of a portion (tread) where the tire is in contact with the road surface, and supports both ends of the carcass and a tire. A non-rubber material such as a metal bead wire fixed to a rim is peeled off from a rubber portion and separated, and rubber, synthetic resin fibers, and metals are reused as resources.
However, when reusing the above-mentioned discarded tires as resources, it is difficult to peel off and separate the non-rubber material from the rubber portion, and the separated rubber portion is made of synthetic resin fiber or metal non-rubber material. If it is included, there is a problem that the commercial value of the recycled rubber product is lowered.
そこで本発明者は、先に「廃タイヤを低温液化ガス等の冷媒を用いて凍結する凍結工程と、この凍結した廃タイヤを破砕すると共に、ゴム部分からカーカス、ベルト及びビードワイヤー等の非ゴム部分を分離する破砕分離工程と、この破砕した廃タイヤを、ゴム部分と、カーカス、ベルト及びビードワイヤー等の非ゴム部分を分別する分別工程と、この分別したゴム部分を所定の粒径に細かく粉砕する粉砕工程とを備えた廃タイヤの凍結粉砕方法及びその凍結粉砕装置」の発明を行った(特開2002−219378号公報)。
この「廃タイヤの凍結粉砕方法及びその凍結粉砕装置」の発明では、凍結工程から破砕分離工程へ凍結された廃棄タイヤを、破砕分離工程から分別工程へ破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片を、また分別工程から粉砕工程へ非ゴム素材の破砕片と分離されたゴムの破砕片をそれぞれ搬送する手段が必要となり、装置全体の規模が大きくなるきらいがある。
Therefore, the present inventor previously stated, “A freezing step of freezing a waste tire using a refrigerant such as a low-temperature liquefied gas, and crushing the frozen waste tire, and from a rubber portion, a non-rubber such as a carcass, a belt and a bead wire” A crushing separation process for separating the parts, a separation process for separating the crushed waste tires from rubber parts, and non-rubber parts such as carcass, belts and bead wires, and the separated rubber parts into a predetermined particle size. An invention of a freeze pulverization method and a freeze pulverization apparatus for waste tires provided with a pulverization step for pulverization was performed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-219378).
In the invention of this “freezing and pulverizing method of waste tire and freeze pulverizing apparatus thereof”, the waste tire frozen from the freezing step to the crushing and separating step, the fragmented waste tire crushed from the crushing and separating step to the separating step, A means for conveying the non-rubber material crushed pieces and the separated rubber crushed pieces respectively from the separation process to the pulverization process is required, which tends to increase the scale of the entire apparatus.
本発明は、上記背景技術に鑑み、固形物を粉砕して一定の粒径以下の粉粒体をコンパクトな装置で実施できる粉粒体の製造方法及び製造装置を提供するとともに、併せてこの粉粒体の製造方法及び製造装置を活用し、コンパクトな装置で廃棄タイヤからその主材であるゴムを一定粒径以下の粉粒体として他の非ゴム素材から効率よく分離して再資源化できる廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法及び再資源化装置を提供しようとするものである。 In view of the above-mentioned background art, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for producing a granular material that can pulverize a solid material and implement a granular material having a predetermined particle size or less with a compact device. Utilizing granule manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment, it is possible to efficiently separate and recycle rubber, which is the main material, from waste tires as a granular material of a certain particle size or less from other non-rubber materials with a compact device. An object of the present invention is to provide a rubber recycling method and a recycling apparatus for waste tires.
本発明者は上記課題を下記の手段により解決した。
(1)周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔を有する有底回転円筒体内に投入された固形物を、同円筒体内にて粉砕するとともに、同円筒体の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔から粉砕物を外部へ放出して、一定粒径以下の粉粒体を収集することを特徴とする粉粒体の製造方法。
The present inventor has solved the above problems by the following means.
(1) The solid substance thrown into the bottomed rotating cylinder having a large number of through-holes with a constant diameter on the peripheral wall is pulverized in the cylindrical body, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the cylindrical body A method for producing a granular material, wherein the pulverized material is discharged to the outside from a large number of through holes having a constant diameter, and the granular material having a predetermined particle size or less is collected.
(2)周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔を有する有底回転円筒体内に投入された固形物を、同円筒体の回転を制止した状態で円筒体内にて粉砕した後、同円筒体を回転させ、遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔から粉砕物を外部へ放出して、一定粒径以下の粉粒体を収集することを特徴とする粉粒体の製造方法。 (2) Solid material thrown into a rotating cylinder with a bottom having a large number of through-holes on the peripheral wall is crushed in the cylinder while the rotation of the cylinder is stopped, and then the cylinder is rotated. A method for producing a granular material, wherein the pulverized material is discharged to the outside by a centrifugal force from a large number of through-holes having a constant diameter on a cylindrical peripheral wall, and the granular material having a predetermined particle size or less is collected.
(3)円筒体内で固形物を粉砕する手段が、下面に硬質の多数の凹凸部を備えてなる昇降自在な押圧体であることを特徴とする前項(1)又は(2)に記載の粉粒体の製造方法。
(4)昇降自在な押圧体が、有底円筒体の回転方向と逆の方向に回転するものであることを特徴とする前項(3)に記載の粉粒体の製造方法。
(3) The powder as described in (1) or (2) above, wherein the means for pulverizing the solid matter in the cylindrical body is a pressable body that can be moved up and down and includes a large number of hard irregularities on the lower surface. A method for producing granules.
(4) The method for producing a granular material as described in (3) above, wherein the pressing body that can be moved up and down rotates in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the bottomed cylindrical body.
(5)円筒体内に投入される固形物が、プラスチック、金属、セラミックス、ガラス、スラグ、アスファルト、石材、木材、ゴム、食品、医薬、飼料、肥料から選択されるいずれか1種であることを特徴とする前項(1)〜(4)のいずれか1項に記載の粉粒体の製造方法。 (5) The solid substance thrown into the cylindrical body is any one selected from plastic, metal, ceramics, glass, slag, asphalt, stone, wood, rubber, food, medicine, feed, and fertilizer. The manufacturing method of the granular material of any one of said (1)-(4) characterized by the above-mentioned.
(6)周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔を有する有底回転円筒体と、同円筒体内に投入された固形物を円筒体内で粉砕する手段と、同円筒体内にて粉砕された粉砕物が円筒体の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔から外部へ放出されて得られた一定粒径以下の粉粒体を収集する手段とからなることを特徴とする粉粒体の製造装置。
(7)固形物を円筒体内で粉砕する手段が、下面に硬質の多数の凹凸部を備えてなる昇降自在な押圧体であることを特徴とする前項(6)に記載の粉粒体の製造装置。
(6) A bottomed rotating cylindrical body having a large number of through-holes with a constant diameter on the peripheral wall, means for pulverizing the solid material charged in the cylindrical body, and pulverized material pulverized in the cylindrical body. A powder comprising: means for collecting powder particles having a predetermined particle diameter or less obtained by being discharged to the outside from a plurality of through-holes having a constant diameter on the peripheral wall of the cylinder by centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the cylinder Granule manufacturing equipment.
(7) The method for producing a granular material according to (6) above, wherein the means for pulverizing the solid substance in the cylindrical body is a pressable body that can be moved up and down and includes a large number of hard irregularities on the lower surface. apparatus.
(8)前項(1)〜(5)に記載の粉粒体の製造方法を用いて廃棄タイヤから一定粒径以下のゴムの粉粒体を製造して、ゴムの再資源化を図る廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法であって、
廃棄タイヤを真空雰囲気中で低温液化ガスなどの冷媒によって瞬間凍結して弾性を失わせる第1工程と、凍結され弾性を失った廃棄タイヤを破砕する第2工程と、破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムと該タイヤのカーカス、ベルト、ビートワイヤに使用されたゴム以外の素材とを分離する第3工程を経てゴム以外の素材と分離された破砕ゴム片(固形物)を、周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔を有する有底回転円筒体内に投入し、同円筒体内で前記破砕ゴム片を粉砕するとともに、同円筒体の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔からゴム粉砕物を外部へ放出して、一定粒径以下のゴム粉粒体を収集することを特徴とする廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法。
(8) A waste tire for producing rubber particles by producing rubber particles having a predetermined particle size or less from a waste tire using the method for producing a powder according to (1) to (5) above. The rubber recycling method of
A first step of instantly freezing the waste tire with a refrigerant such as a low-temperature liquefied gas in a vacuum atmosphere to lose its elasticity, a second step of crushing the waste tire that has been frozen and lost its elasticity, and crushing the crushed waste tire A large number of crushed rubber pieces (solid matter) separated from materials other than rubber through the third step of separating the rubber and materials other than rubber used in the carcass, belt, and beat wire of the tire from the piece. The crushed rubber piece is crushed in the cylinder with a constant-diameter through-hole, and the cylindrical peripheral wall is penetrated by a large number of constant-diameter holes by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the cylinder. A method for recycling rubber of waste tires, characterized in that rubber pulverized material is discharged to the outside through holes and rubber particles having a predetermined particle size or less are collected.
前項(6)又は(7)に記載された粉粒体の製造装置を用いて廃棄タイヤから一定粒径以下のゴムの粉粒体を製造して、ゴムの再資源化を図る廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化装置であって、
廃棄タイヤを真空雰囲気中で低温液化ガスなどの冷媒によって瞬間凍結して弾性を失わせる凍結装置と、凍結され弾性を失った廃棄タイヤを破砕する破砕装置と、破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムと該タイヤのカーカス、ベルト、ビートワイヤに使用されたゴム以外の素材とを分離する分離装置と、前記粉粒体の製造装置とで構成されてなることを特徴とする廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化装置。
The rubber of a discarded tire that is produced by producing a granular material of rubber having a predetermined particle size or less from a discarded tire by using the powdered particle manufacturing apparatus described in the above item (6) or (7), thereby recycling the rubber. A recycling device,
A freezing device that instantaneously freezes a waste tire with a refrigerant such as a low-temperature liquefied gas in a vacuum atmosphere and loses elasticity, a crushing device that crushes a waste tire that has been frozen and loses elasticity, and a fragment of the crushed waste tire A waste tire rubber recycle comprising: a separation device for separating rubber and a material other than rubber used for the carcass, belt, and beat wire of the tire; and a manufacturing apparatus for the granular material. Recycling equipment.
(10)破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムとゴム以外の素材とを分離する分離装置が、前記破砕装置の排出口に接続して配設され、前記廃棄タイヤの破砕片を流下させる傾斜した格子又は篩で構成されてなり、前記格子又は篩の目から落下したゴム成分の破砕片を前記粉粒体の製造装置に投入するよう構成されてなることを特徴とする前項(9)に記載の廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化装置。 (10) An inclination for separating a rubber and a material other than rubber from a crushed waste tire crushed piece, connected to an outlet of the crushing device, and causing the waste tire crushed piece to flow down (9), characterized in that the rubber component crushed pieces dropped from the grids or sieve meshes are fed into the granular material manufacturing apparatus. The rubber recycling equipment for the described waste tire.
本発明の「粉粒体の製造方法及び製造方法」によって下記の効果が発揮される。
〈1〉周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔を有する有底回転円筒体内に投入された固形物を、同円筒体内にて粉砕するとともに、同円筒体の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔から粉砕物を外部へ放出して、一定粒径以下の粉粒体を収集するので、一定粒径以上の粉粒体は貫通孔を通過できず円筒体内に残置されるため、従来の篩による整粒方法に存在した篩上に残置された一定粒径以上の粉砕物を粉砕機の投入口に再投入するための移送の必要がなく、新たに円筒体内に投入される固形物と一緒に再度粉砕でき、装置の小型化と生産性の向上が図れる。
〈2〉また、周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔を有する有底回転円筒体内に投入された固形物を、同円筒体の回転を制止した状態で円筒体内にて粉砕した後、同円筒体を回転させ、遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔から粉砕物を外部へ放出して、一定粒径以下の粉粒体を収集するので、粉砕する固形物の大きさ、形状、硬度、投入量などに対応して円筒体の回転を制止した状態での破砕時間を任意に選定でき、円筒体内での粉砕が十分行われた後に回転円筒体を回転することができ1回の粉砕作業で一定粒径以下の粉粒体が多量に得られ、粉粒体製造の効率化が図れる。
〈3〉円筒体内で固形物を粉砕する手段が、下面に硬質の多数の凹凸部を備えてなる昇降自在な押圧体であり、さらに昇降自在な押圧体が、有底円筒体の回転方向と逆の方向に回転するものであるので、前記下面に凹凸部を有する押圧体と有底回転円筒体の底部とに挟まれた固形物を効率よく粉砕できる。
The following effects are exhibited by the “manufacturing method and manufacturing method of granular material” of the present invention.
<1> Solids charged in a bottomed rotating cylinder having a large number of through-holes with a constant diameter in the peripheral wall are pulverized in the cylindrical body, and the cylindrical peripheral wall is crushed by centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the cylindrical body. Since the pulverized material is discharged from a large number of through-holes with a constant diameter and powder particles with a certain particle size or less are collected, the powder particles with a certain particle size or more cannot pass through the through-holes and remain in the cylinder. Therefore, there is no need to transfer the pulverized material with a certain particle size or more left on the sieve that existed in the conventional sizing method using a sieve to the inlet of the pulverizer. It can be pulverized again together with the solid matter to be made, and the apparatus can be downsized and the productivity can be improved.
<2> Further, after pulverizing the solid material charged in the bottomed rotating cylinder having a large number of through-holes having a constant diameter on the peripheral wall in the cylinder while the rotation of the cylinder is stopped, the cylinder Rotate and release the pulverized material to the outside through a large number of through-holes with a constant diameter on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body by centrifugal force, and collect the powder particles of a certain particle size or less. The crushing time in a state where the rotation of the cylinder is stopped according to the hardness, input amount, etc. can be arbitrarily selected, and the rotating cylinder can be rotated once after the crushing in the cylinder is sufficiently performed. In this pulverization operation, a large amount of powder particles having a predetermined particle size or less can be obtained, and the efficiency of powder particle production can be improved.
<3> The means for pulverizing the solid matter in the cylindrical body is a pressable body that can be moved up and down having a number of hard irregularities on the lower surface, and the pressable body that can be moved up and down further has a rotational direction of the bottomed cylindrical body. Since it rotates in the reverse direction, the solid matter sandwiched between the pressing body having the uneven portion on the lower surface and the bottom of the bottomed rotating cylindrical body can be efficiently pulverized.
〈4〉前項〈1〉〜〈3〉に記載の効果を有する粉粒体の製造方法及び装置を用いて廃棄タイヤから一定粒径以下のゴムの粉粒体を製造して廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化を図る方法及び装置においては、廃棄タイヤを低温液化ガスなどの冷媒によって瞬間凍結して弾性を失わせて破砕するので、ゴムの破砕が容易で、かつ該タイヤのカーカス、ベルト、ビートワイヤの非ゴム素材との分離が容易となり、分離されたゴムの破砕片のみが、周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔を有する有底回転円筒体内に投入されて粉砕され、同円筒体の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔からゴム粉砕物を外部へ放出することによって一定粒径以下のゴム粉粒体が収集されるので、ゴム以外の素材の混入のない粒径の揃ったゴム粉粒体が容易に得られ、再資源化したゴムで造られた製品の品質向上に寄与できる。
〈5〉破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムとゴム以外の素材とを分離する分離装置が、前記破砕装置の排出口に接続して配設され、前記廃棄タイヤの破砕片を流下させる傾斜した格子又は篩でなり、前記格子又は篩の目から落下したゴム成分の破砕片を前記粉粒体の製造装置に投入するよう構成されているので、廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムの破砕片を分離して粉粒体の製造装置に投入する経路が短くでき、廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化装置のコンパクト化が図れる。
<4> Using the method and apparatus for producing a granular material having the effects described in <1> to <3> above, a rubber granular material having a predetermined particle size or less is produced from the discarded tire to recycle the rubber of the discarded tire. In the method and apparatus for achieving resource recycling, waste tires are instantly frozen with a refrigerant such as a low-temperature liquefied gas and are crushed by losing elasticity, so that the rubber can be easily crushed and the carcass, belt, and beat wire of the tire Separation from the non-rubber material becomes easy, and only the separated pieces of rubber are put into a bottomed rotating cylinder having a large number of through holes with a constant diameter on the peripheral wall and crushed. Because rubber powder particles of a certain particle size or less are collected by discharging the rubber pulverized material to the outside through a large number of through-holes of a certain diameter on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body by the accompanying centrifugal force, particles that do not contain any material other than rubber Rubber powder with uniform diameter Obtained, which can contribute to improving the quality of products made with recycled rubber.
<5> An inclination for separating a rubber and a material other than rubber from a crushed waste tire crushed piece, connected to an outlet of the crushing device, and causing the waste tire crushed piece to flow down Since the rubber component crushed pieces dropped from the lattice or sieving eyes are put into the powder and particle manufacturing apparatus, the rubber crushed pieces are removed from the waste tire crushed pieces. The path | route which isolate | separates and injects into the manufacturing apparatus of a granular material can be shortened, and the rubber recycling apparatus of a waste tire can be compactized.
1:粉粒体の製造装置
2:回転円筒体
2a:貫通孔
3:押圧体
3a:凹凸部
4:粉粒体収集部
4a:粉粒体取り出し口
5:固形物
6:粉粒体
11:凍結装置
12:破砕装置
12a:排出口
13:分離装置
14:篩
15:廃棄タイヤ
15’:凍結された廃棄タイヤ
16:ゴム破砕片
17:非ゴム破砕片(合成樹脂類・金属類の破砕片)
1: Manufacturing apparatus of powder body 2: Rotating cylindrical body 2a: Through hole 3: Press body 3a: Concavity and convexity part 4: Powder body collection part 4a: Powder body outlet 5: Solid material 6: Powder body 11: Freezing device 12: Crushing device 12a: Discharge port 13: Separation device 14: Sieve 15: Waste tire 15 ': Frozen waste tire 16: Rubber crushed pieces 17: Non-rubber crushed pieces (synthetic resin and metal crushed pieces )
本発明の粉粒体の製造方法及び製造装置、ならびに同製造方法、製造装置を使用して廃棄タイヤからゴムを分別して再資源化する廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法及びゴム再資源化装置を実施するための形態を、実施例の図に基づいて説明する。 A method and apparatus for manufacturing a granular material according to the present invention, and a rubber recycling method and a rubber recycling apparatus for waste tires that separate and recycle rubber from waste tires using the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus. The form for implementing is demonstrated based on the figure of an Example.
最初に本発明の粉粒体製造方法について、図1−1、図1−2の粉粒体の製造方法の工程説明図に基づいて説明する。
図において1は粉粒体の製造装置、2は回転円筒体、2aは貫通孔、3は押圧体、3aは凹凸部、4は粉粒体収集部、4aは粉粒体取り出し口、5は固形物、6は粉粒体である。
本発明の粉粒体の製造方法は、周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aを有する有底回転円筒体2内に投入された固形物5を、同円筒体2内にて粉砕するとともに、同円筒体2の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aから粉砕物を外部へ放出して、一定粒径以下の粉粒体6を収集するものである。
粉砕対象の固形物5としては、プラスチック、金属、セラミックス、ガラス、スラグ、アスファルト、石材、木材、ゴム、食品、医薬、飼料、肥料が考えられ、そのうちの1種が選択され粉砕される。
First, the method for producing a granular material of the present invention will be described based on the process explanatory diagrams of the method for producing the granular material in FIGS. 1-1 and 1-2.
In the figure, 1 is a granular material manufacturing apparatus, 2 is a rotating cylindrical body, 2a is a through-hole, 3 is a pressing body, 3a is an uneven portion, 4 is a granular material collection unit, 4a is a granular material outlet, 5 is Solid matter, 6 is a granular material.
The method for producing a granular material according to the present invention pulverizes a solid material 5 put into a bottomed rotating cylindrical body 2 having a large number of through holes 2a having a constant diameter on a peripheral wall, in the cylindrical body 2, The pulverized material is discharged to the outside through a large number of through holes 2a having a constant diameter on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body by centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the cylindrical body 2, and the powder particles 6 having a predetermined particle diameter or less are collected.
Examples of the solid material 5 to be crushed include plastic, metal, ceramics, glass, slag, asphalt, stone, wood, rubber, food, medicine, feed, and fertilizer, and one of them is selected and crushed.
本発明の粉粒体の製造方法による粉粒体の製造は、まず図1−1(a)に示すように、固形物5を周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aを有する有底回転円筒体2内に投入することから始まる。このとき回転円筒体2の回転は制止され、押圧体3は上昇させて回転円筒体2から離脱した位置にある。
固形物5の回転円筒体2内への投入が完了すると、押圧体3を下降させて回転円筒体2内に挿入する〔図1−1(b)〕。
下降する押圧体3の下面が、投入した固形物3の上面に当接した時点で押圧体3を回転させ〔図1−1(c)〕、押圧体3下降による圧力と、回転する押圧体下面の凹凸部3aによる回転力を受け、固形物5同士が擦れ合い、粉砕されていく〔図1−2(d)〕。この際押圧体3に上下に微震動を与えて、固定物に打撃が加わるように構成しておくことも好ましい。
粉砕がほぼ終えた時点で押圧体3の回転を止め、回転円筒体2を回転させて遠心力を発生させ、図1−2(e)に矢印で示すように、粉砕された粉砕物の内一定粒径以下の粉粒体6を、回転円筒体2の周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aから放出させ、放出された粉粒体6を粉粒体収集部4に収集する。
粉粒体収集部4に収集された粉粒体6は粉粒体取り出し口4aから取り出され製品となるが、一定粒径以上の粉砕物は、回転円筒体2の周壁の一定口径の貫通孔2aを通過できず回転円筒体2内に残置される。
粉粒体6の収集が完了すると、回転円筒体2の回転を停止し、押圧体3を上昇させて、新たな固形物5を回転円筒体2内に投入し、円筒内に残置された一定粒径以上の粉砕物とあわせて「図−1」及び「図1−2」に示した(a)〜(f)の粉粒体製造工程を繰り返し実施する。
As shown in FIG. 1-1 (a), first, the granular material is manufactured by the method for manufacturing the granular material of the present invention. It starts by throwing it into the body 2. At this time, the rotation of the rotating cylindrical body 2 is stopped, and the pressing body 3 is lifted and separated from the rotating cylindrical body 2.
When the charging of the solid material 5 into the rotating cylindrical body 2 is completed, the pressing body 3 is lowered and inserted into the rotating cylindrical body 2 [FIG. 1-1 (b)].
When the lower surface of the lowering pressing body 3 comes into contact with the upper surface of the charged solid material 3, the pressing body 3 is rotated [FIG. 1-1 (c)], and the pressure generated by the lowering of the pressing body 3 and the rotating pressing body are rotated. The solids 5 are rubbed and pulverized by receiving the rotational force of the uneven portion 3a on the lower surface [FIG. 1-2 (d)]. At this time, it is also preferable that the pressing body 3 is configured so as to give a slight vibration to the pressing body 3 so that the fixed object is hit.
When the pulverization is almost finished, the rotation of the pressing body 3 is stopped, the rotating cylindrical body 2 is rotated to generate a centrifugal force, and as shown by an arrow in FIG. The granular material 6 having a certain particle size or less is discharged from a large number of through holes 2 a having a constant diameter on the peripheral wall of the rotating cylindrical body 2, and the discharged granular material 6 is collected in the granular material collecting unit 4.
The granular material 6 collected in the granular material collecting unit 4 is taken out from the granular material extraction port 4a to become a product, but a pulverized material having a certain particle diameter or more is a through-hole having a constant diameter on the peripheral wall of the rotating cylindrical body 2. It cannot pass through 2a and remains in the rotating cylindrical body 2.
When the collection of the powder particles 6 is completed, the rotation of the rotating cylinder 2 is stopped, the pressing body 3 is raised, a new solid material 5 is put into the rotating cylinder 2, and the certain amount left in the cylinder Along with the pulverized product having a particle size or larger, the powder and granule production steps (a) to (f) shown in “FIG. 1” and “FIG. 1-2” are repeated.
本発明の粉粒体の製造方法は、上記のように回転円筒体2内で固形物5の粉砕が行われるとともに、一定粒径以下の粉粒体の選別が回転円筒体2の周壁に穿設された多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aから遠心力によって放出されるか否かによって決まり、一定粒径以上の粉砕物は回転円筒体2内に残置され新たに投入される固形物5ともども再度粉砕されるので、従来粉砕機から取り出された粉砕物を篩によって選別され、篩上に残された一定粒径以上の粉砕物を再度粉砕機に投入するという方法に比べて、少なくとも篩と篩上に残置された粉砕物を再度粉砕機に投入する工程とは省け、装置のコンパクト化と作業時間の短縮、効率化が図れる。 In the method for producing a granular material according to the present invention, the solid material 5 is pulverized in the rotating cylindrical body 2 as described above, and the selection of the granular material having a predetermined particle size or less is made on the peripheral wall of the rotating cylindrical body 2. Depending on whether or not a plurality of through-holes 2a having a constant diameter are discharged by centrifugal force, the pulverized product having a certain particle size or more is left in the rotating cylinder 2 and again with the newly introduced solid material 5 again. Compared with the conventional method in which the pulverized product taken out from the pulverizer is selected by a sieve and the pulverized product having a certain particle size or more remaining on the sieve is again put into the pulverizer, the pulverized product is removed. This eliminates the step of putting the pulverized material remaining on the pulverizer again, thereby making the apparatus compact, shortening the working time, and improving the efficiency.
本発明の粉粒体の製造装置は、図2に見られるように、周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aを有する有底回転円筒体2と、同円筒体2内に投入された固形物5を円筒体内2で粉砕する手段として下面に硬質の多数の凹凸部3aを備えてなる昇降自在な押圧体3と、同円筒体内にて粉砕された粉砕物が円筒体の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aから外部へ放出されて得られた一定粒径以下の粉粒体6の収集部4とでなり、さらに、いずれも図示されていないが、前記回転円筒体2を遠心分離器として必要な回転数で回転させる回転機構と、前記押圧体を昇降させる昇降機構、そして押圧体3の回転に必要な回転機構を備えている。
そして回転円筒体2の回転方向と、押圧体2との回転方向とは互いに逆方向となるよう構成されている。
さらに前記押圧体3に上下の微震動を付与し、回転円筒体2内に投入された固形物5に打撃を与え粉砕を促進するよう構成されることも好ましい。
As shown in FIG. 2, the powder granule manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has a bottomed rotating cylindrical body 2 having a large number of through-holes 2 a having a constant diameter on a peripheral wall, and a solid material charged into the cylindrical body 2. As a means for pulverizing 5 in the cylindrical body 2, a pressing body 3 that can be moved up and down having a large number of hard irregularities 3a on the lower surface, and a centrifugal force generated by the pulverized material pulverized in the cylindrical body accompanying the rotation of the cylindrical body And the collection part 4 of the granular material 6 having a certain particle size or less obtained by being discharged to the outside from a large number of through-holes 2a having a certain diameter on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body. A rotating mechanism that rotates the rotating cylindrical body 2 at a necessary number of revolutions as a centrifuge, an elevating mechanism that moves the pressing body up and down, and a rotating mechanism that is necessary for rotating the pressing body 3 are provided.
The rotation direction of the rotating cylindrical body 2 and the rotation direction of the pressing body 2 are opposite to each other.
Furthermore, it is also preferable that the pressing body 3 is provided with a fine vibration in the upper and lower directions so that the solid material 5 put in the rotating cylindrical body 2 is blown to promote pulverization.
本発明の粉粒体の製造方法を用いて廃棄タイヤから一定粒径以下のゴムの粉粒体を製造して、ゴムの再資源化を図る廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法の実施の形態を、図3の工程図に基づいて説明する。
図においてS1は前処理工程、S2は凍結工程、S3は破砕工程、S4は分離工程、S5は粉砕整粒工程を示す。
本廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法は、図3に示すように、使用済みの廃棄タイヤから金属製のリムを取り外すとともに、タイヤに付着した泥や汚れを洗浄除去する前処理工程S1を行った後、廃棄タイヤを真空雰囲気中で低温液化ガスなどの冷媒によって瞬間凍結して弾性を失わせる凍結工程S2、凍結され弾性を失った廃棄タイヤを破砕する破砕工程S3、破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムの破砕片と該タイヤのカーカス、ベルト、ビートワイヤに使用されたゴム以外の素材の破砕片とを分離する分離工程S4を経て、分離されたゴムの破砕片を本発明の粉粒体の製造装置1に導き、前記ゴムの破砕片(固形物)を、周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aを有する有底回転円筒体2内に投入し、同円筒体2内で前記ゴムの破砕片を粉砕するとともに、同円筒体2の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔2aからゴム粉砕物を外部へ放出して、一定粒径以下のゴム粉粒体を収集し再資源化するものである。
An embodiment of a method for recycling rubber of a discarded tire, in which a rubber particle having a predetermined particle size or less is manufactured from a discarded tire by using the method of manufacturing a granular material of the present invention, and the rubber is recycled. A description will be given based on the process diagram of FIG.
In the figure, S1 is a pretreatment step, S2 is a freezing step, S3 is a crushing step, S4 is a separation step, and S5 is a pulverizing and sizing step.
As shown in FIG. 3, the rubber recycling method for the present discarded tire performed a pretreatment step S <b> 1 for removing the metal rim from the used discarded tire and cleaning and removing mud and dirt adhering to the tire. After that, the freezing step S2 in which the waste tire is instantly frozen in a vacuum atmosphere with a refrigerant such as a low-temperature liquefied gas to lose its elasticity, the crushing step S3 in which the waste tire that has been frozen and loses elasticity is crushed, and the crushing of the crushed waste tire Through the separation step S4 for separating the rubber crushed pieces and the crushed pieces of materials other than rubber used in the tire carcass, belt, and beat wire from the pieces, the separated rubber crushed pieces are converted into powder particles of the present invention. The rubber crushed pieces (solid matter) are introduced into a bottomed rotating cylindrical body 2 having a large number of through-holes 2a having a constant diameter on the peripheral wall, and the rubber is introduced into the cylindrical body 2 Crushing crushed pieces At the same time, the rubber pulverized product is discharged to the outside through a large number of through holes 2a having a constant diameter on the peripheral wall of the cylinder by centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the cylinder 2, and rubber particles having a predetermined particle size or less are collected and re- It is to be recycled.
この廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法を実施するゴム再資源化装置の一実施例を図4に示す。図において11は凍結装置、12は破砕装置、12aは排出口、13は分離装置、14は篩であり、15は廃棄タイヤ、15’は凍結された廃棄タイヤ、16はゴム破砕片、17は非ゴム破砕片(合成樹脂類・金属類の破砕片)である。
本廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化装置は、図4に示すように、廃棄タイヤ15を真空雰囲気中で低温液化ガスなどの冷媒によって瞬間凍結してゴムの弾性を失わせる凍結装置11と、凍結され弾性を失って破砕されやすく、破砕によってカーカス、ベルト、ビートワイヤなどゴム以外の素材からゴムが剥離しやすくなった廃棄タイヤ15’を、例えばスイングハンマーなどの打撃や衝撃によって破砕する破砕装置12と、破砕された廃棄タイヤ15の破砕片からゴムの破砕片16と、タイヤのカーカス、ベルト、ビートワイヤに使用された合成樹脂繊維類や金属類の非ゴム破砕片17とを分離する分離装置13と、本発明の粉粒体の製造装置1とで構成されてなり、上記廃棄タイヤの再資源化方法で説明した図3に示す工程にしたがって、それぞれの装置を稼働させて、ゴムの粉粒体を製造するものである。
そして破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムの破砕片16と非ゴム破砕片17とを分離する分離装置13が、前記破砕装置12の排出口12aに接続して配設され、前記廃棄タイヤの破砕片を流下させる傾斜した格子又は篩14で構成されてなり、前記格子又は篩14の目から落下したゴムの破砕片16を本発明の粉粒体の製造装置1に投入するよう構成されている。
したがって、破砕装置と分離装置、分離装置と粉粒体の製造装置間にはベルトコンベアなど破砕物を搬送するための搬送装置を必要とせず、廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化装置のコンパクト化と、作業時間の短縮が図られている。
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a rubber recycling apparatus that implements this method of recycling rubber for discarded tires. In the figure, 11 is a freezing device, 12 is a crushing device, 12a is a discharge port, 13 is a separating device, 14 is a sieve, 15 is a waste tire, 15 'is a frozen waste tire, 16 is a rubber shredded piece, 17 is Non-rubber fragments (synthetic resin and metal fragments).
As shown in FIG. 4, the rubber recycling apparatus for the present discarded tire is frozen with a freezing apparatus 11 that instantaneously freezes the discarded tire 15 with a refrigerant such as a low-temperature liquefied gas in a vacuum atmosphere to lose the elasticity of the rubber. A crushing device 12 that crushes the discarded tire 15 ′, which is easily crushed due to loss of elasticity, and from which rubber has been easily peeled off from materials other than rubber such as carcass, belt, and beat wire by striking or impacting with a swing hammer, for example. The separation device 13 separates the rubber crushed pieces 16 from the crushed waste tire 15 crushed pieces and the non-rubber crushed pieces 17 of synthetic resin fibers and metals used in the tire carcass, belt, and beat wire. And the granular material manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present invention, and according to the steps shown in FIG. The apparatus of this is operated and a rubber granular material is manufactured.
A separating device 13 for separating the rubber crushed pieces 16 and the non-rubber crushed pieces 17 from the crushed waste tire crushed pieces is connected to the discharge port 12a of the crushing device 12, and is disposed in the waste tire. It is composed of an inclined lattice or sieve 14 for allowing the crushed pieces to flow down, and the rubber crushed pieces 16 that have fallen from the eyes of the lattice or sieve 14 are introduced into the granular material manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present invention. Yes.
Therefore, there is no need for a conveying device such as a belt conveyor to convey the crushed material between the crushing device and the separating device, and the separating device and the granular material manufacturing device, and the rubber recycling device for waste tires can be made compact. Work time is shortened.
Claims (10)
廃棄タイヤを真空雰囲気中で低温液化ガスなどの冷媒によって瞬間凍結して弾性を失わせる第1工程と、凍結され弾性を失った廃棄タイヤを破砕する第2工程と、破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムと該タイヤのカーカス、ベルト、ビートワイヤに使用されたゴム以外の素材とを分離する第3工程を経てゴム以外の素材と分離された破砕ゴム片(固形物)を、周壁に多数の一定口径の貫通孔を有する有底回転円筒体内に投入し、同円筒体内で前記破砕ゴム片を粉砕するとともに、同円筒体の回転に伴う遠心力により円筒体周壁の多数の一定口径の貫通孔からゴム粉砕物を外部へ放出して、一定粒径以下のゴム粉粒体を収集することを特徴とする廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化方法。 A method of recycling rubber for a discarded tire, wherein a rubber particle having a predetermined particle size or less is manufactured from a discarded tire using the method for manufacturing a granular material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the rubber is recycled. Because
A first step of instantly freezing the waste tire with a refrigerant such as a low-temperature liquefied gas in a vacuum atmosphere to lose its elasticity, a second step of crushing the waste tire that has been frozen and lost its elasticity, and crushing the crushed waste tire A large number of crushed rubber pieces (solid matter) separated from materials other than rubber through the third step of separating the rubber and materials other than rubber used in the carcass, belt, and beat wire of the tire from the piece. The crushed rubber piece is crushed in the cylinder with a constant-diameter through-hole, and the cylindrical peripheral wall is penetrated by a large number of constant-diameter holes by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the cylinder. A method for recycling rubber of waste tires, characterized in that rubber pulverized material is discharged to the outside through holes and rubber particles having a predetermined particle size or less are collected.
廃棄タイヤを真空雰囲気中で低温液化ガスなどの冷媒によって瞬間凍結して弾性を失わせる凍結装置と、凍結され弾性を失った廃棄タイヤを破砕する破砕装置と、破砕された廃棄タイヤの破砕片からゴムと該タイヤのカーカス、ベルト、ビートワイヤに使用されたゴム以外の素材とを分離する分離装置と、前記粉粒体の製造装置とで構成されてなることを特徴とする廃棄タイヤのゴム再資源化装置。 Recycle rubber of waste tires by recycling rubber particles by manufacturing rubber granules of a certain particle size or less from waste tires using the powder particle manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6 or 7. A device,
A freezing device that instantaneously freezes a waste tire with a refrigerant such as a low-temperature liquefied gas in a vacuum atmosphere and loses elasticity, a crushing device that crushes a waste tire that has been frozen and loses elasticity, and a fragment of the crushed waste tire A waste tire rubber recycle comprising: a separation device for separating rubber and a material other than rubber used for the carcass, belt, and beat wire of the tire; and a manufacturing apparatus for the granular material. Recycling equipment.
A separation device for separating rubber and materials other than rubber from the crushed waste tire crushed pieces is connected to the discharge port of the powder particle manufacturing apparatus and flows down the waste tire crushed pieces. It is comprised by the inclined grid | lattice or a sieve, It is comprised so that the fragment of the rubber component which fell from the grid | lattice or the sieve mesh may be thrown into the manufacturing apparatus of the said granular material, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The rubber recycling equipment for the described waste tire.
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CN103737739A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-23 | 苏州欣彩塑胶科技有限公司 | Plastic particle screening hopper |
CN108772167A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-09 | 江苏祥瑞药业有限公司 | A kind of clarithromycin capsule raw material crushing grinding device |
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CN103737739A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-23 | 苏州欣彩塑胶科技有限公司 | Plastic particle screening hopper |
CN108772167A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-09 | 江苏祥瑞药业有限公司 | A kind of clarithromycin capsule raw material crushing grinding device |
CN110124824A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-16 | 李丹阳 | A kind of post-consumer glass bottle recycling machine |
CN111112047A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-05-08 | 蒋奇文 | Multi-functional tailoring factory is with useless fine hair classified treatment recovery unit |
CN111112047B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-10-30 | 蒋奇文 | Multi-functional tailoring factory is with useless fine hair classified treatment recovery unit |
CN111450965A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-28 | 海南博成制药有限公司 | Bulk drug extraction element is used in traditional chinese medicine processing of reducible clearance step |
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CN114309626B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-02-07 | 中南大学 | Powder metallurgy uses high-efficient ball mill |
CN116689281A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-09-05 | 山东丸美佳食品有限公司 | Vibrating screen equipment for pretreatment of wheat processing flour |
CN116689281B (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-09-29 | 山东丸美佳食品有限公司 | Vibrating screen equipment for pretreatment of wheat processing flour |
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