JP2011019367A - Cogeneration system for collective housings - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce power loss, while reducing heat loss in a cogeneration system.SOLUTION: A cogeneration system for collective housings is configured, in such a way that cogeneration devices 10 using solar light/heat are electrically connected to a power converter 23 that converts a DC power generated by the cogeneration devices 10 by using solar light/heat into an AC power; the DC power is generated by the cogeneration devices 10 using solar light/heat that are provided in a plurality of housing units 1 so as to lead the DC power to the single power converter; the heat collected by each cogeneration device 10, by using solar light/heat is led to a heat-consuming section 8 of each housing unit 1 with the cogeneration device 10 using solar light/heat. The DC power generated by the cogeneration devices 10 that uses solar light/heat is led to the power converter 23 so as to be converted into AC power. Then, the AC power is led to a power-consuming section 4 of each housing unit 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a combined heat and power supply system for a combined house provided with a solar heat combined heat and power supply device that generates direct-current power from sunlight and collects solar heat in an apartment house having a plurality of houses.

Usually, the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply apparatus includes a power generation unit that generates electric power from sunlight and a heat collection unit that collects solar heat (see Patent Document 1).
The power generated in the power generation unit can be used in a power consumption unit such as an electric device, and the heat collected in the heat collection unit is used in a heat consumption unit such as hot water supply. be able to. Therefore, conventionally, it has been considered to install a solar heat-based combined heat and power supply device in an apartment house and use the electric power and heat from the solar heat-based combined heat and power supply apparatus in the apartment house.

JP 2009-16475 A

As a case where the electric power and heat from the solar heat utilization thermoelectric conversion device are utilized in an apartment house, for example, a solar heat utilization heat and power supply device is installed in each of a plurality of houses, and a solar heat utilization heat and power supply device installed in each door It is conceivable to use the electric power and heat generated in
Here, since the electric power generated in the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply apparatus is usually DC electric power, in order to use the electric power in an electric power consumption unit such as an electric device, electric power for converting DC electric power into AC electric power is used. It is necessary to provide a conversion device. Therefore, conventionally, an inverter (power conditioner) connected to a power line of a commercial power system that converts DC power to AC power and supplies power is provided as a power converter. Therefore, in order to use the electric power generated by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device installed in each door in the power consumption unit of each door, an inverter (power conditioner) is provided in each of the plurality of doors.
In addition, when a solar heat combined heat and power supply device is provided in each house, it is often installed in a limited place such as a veranda of each house. In such a case, the installation area per unit of the solar heat combined heat and power supply device is as small as ² m ^{2 to} 3 m ^2, and the DC power generated in this case is as small as 200 to 400 W. On the other hand, the rated power of a normally used detached inverter (power conditioner) is about 3 kW, which is larger than the generated power of the solar heat combined heat and power supply device. For this reason, when power conversion is performed by providing an inverter (power conditioner) for each of the solar heat combined heat and power supply devices, the power load of each power conversion device is reduced, resulting in a deterioration in power conversion efficiency. Power will be lost.
Moreover, if an inverter (power conditioner) is provided for each door, there is a problem that the number of inverters to be introduced increases and the introduction cost increases.

  The present invention is for solving the above-mentioned problems, and the purpose thereof is to introduce heat in a state where heat loss is reduced to the heat consuming part of each door of the apartment house while reducing the introduction cost. It is in the point which provides the heat-and-electric power supply system for apartment houses with high energy efficiency which can guide electric power in the state which reduced electric power loss to the electric power consumption part.

In order to achieve the above object, a combined heat and power supply system for an apartment house of the present invention is as follows.
Combined housing heat and power supply that supplies heat and electric power to an apartment house that has a plurality of doors provided with at least one solar heat generation device that generates direct-current power from sunlight and collects solar heat. A system,
The characteristic configuration is that the solar heat combined heat and power supply device is electrically connected to a power conversion device that converts direct current power generated by the solar heat combined heat and power supply device into alternating current power,
The power conversion device is electrically connected to a power line of a commercial power system that guides commercial power to the power consumption unit of the door;
DC power generated by the solar heat combined heat and power supply device provided in the plurality of doors is configured to be guided to a single power conversion device,
The heat collected by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is led to the heat consuming part of the door where the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is provided,
The direct current power generated by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is led to the power conversion device and converted into alternating current power, and then led to the power consumption unit of the door.

According to the above characteristic configuration, the heat collected in the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is guided to the heat consuming part of each door in which the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is provided, and thus heat loss due to the movement of heat is caused. It can be led to the heat consuming part in a small state, and high thermal efficiency can be maintained.
On the other hand, according to the said characteristic structure, the direct-current power produced | generated in the solar power utilization cogeneration apparatus of a some house is guide | induced to the single power converter device, and will be converted into alternating current power. Thereby, the electric power produced | generated with the solar heat utilization heat and power supply apparatus provided in the two doors can be guide | induced with respect to one power converter device, for example. As a result, the power conversion device can operate at a higher load factor than conventional ones, and can efficiently convert power. That is, by increasing the power conversion efficiency of the power conversion device, power can be guided to the power consumption unit of each house in a state where power loss is reduced.
Furthermore, since it is configured to convert DC power generated by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device installed in multiple doors with a single power converter, power conversion is performed for the number of doors. The number of devices can be reduced, and the introduction cost of the power conversion device can be reduced as compared with the case where one power conversion device is provided for each door.
From the above, while reducing the introduction cost, heat can be introduced in a state where the heat loss is reduced with respect to the heat consumption part of each house of the apartment, and the power loss is reduced with respect to the power consumption part of each house It is possible to realize an energy efficient combined heat and power supply system for an apartment house that can guide the electric power in the state of being made.

A further characteristic configuration of the combined heat and power system for an apartment house according to the present invention is that the power conversion device provided in the apartment house is single,
The single said power converter device exists in the point which converts the direct-current power produced | generated with all the said solar energy utilization thermoelectric converters into alternating current power.

  According to the above characteristic configuration, since the single power conversion device converts the direct-current power generated by all the solar heat utilization thermoelectric conversion devices into the alternating current power, the power conversion device can be operated at a very high load factor, Power can be converted efficiently.

  A further characteristic configuration of the heat and power supply system for an apartment house according to the present invention is that the AC power after conversion by the power converter is led to a shared power consumption unit of the apartment house.

  According to the above characteristic configuration, for example, even when the power demand of the power consumption unit of each house is low and the power supply is excessive, the power can be guided to the shared power consumption unit and used. Thereby, the alternating current power after conversion in the power converter can be used appropriately in the apartment house, and the energy efficiency in the apartment house can be improved.

A further characteristic configuration of the combined heat and power supply system for an apartment house according to the present invention is that the apartment house has multiple floors, and the doors are provided on each floor,
The solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is provided on the outer surface of the veranda of the door.

For example, a solar heat-based combined heat and power supply device may be installed on the rooftop of an apartment house. In this case, the installation area is limited to the area of the rooftop area. There are cases where it is not possible. In addition, when the collected heat is sent from the roof to each house, the heat transfer distance is relatively long, and heat loss due to heat transfer may increase.
On the other hand, according to the said characteristic structure, sufficient installation area can be ensured because the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply apparatus is provided in the outer surface of the veranda of each door. Thereby, a high amount of heat collection can be secured.
In addition, the solar heat combined heat and power supply device is provided on the outer surface of the veranda of each door and is close to the heat consuming part of each door. For this reason, the heat | fever collect | recovered with the solar heat utilization cogeneration apparatus can be guide | induced to a heat consumption part in the state by which the heat loss by the movement of a heat | fever was suppressed appropriately.

Schematic configuration diagram of an apartment house equipped with a combined heat and power system for an apartment house Schematic configuration diagram of solar heat combined heat and power supply device

  The embodiment of the combined heat and power supply system 100 for an apartment house according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Overall structure]
As shown in FIG. 1, an integrated heat and power supply system 100 for an apartment house according to the present invention is provided in an apartment house 2 composed of multiple floors. The apartment house 2 has a plurality of doors 1 on each floor, and at least a solar heat combined heat and power supply device 10 that generates DC power from sunlight and collects solar heat on the outer surface 3a of the veranda 3 of each door 1 at least. One or more. In addition, in FIG. 1, the apartment house 2 of many floors is shown and the example in which the some house 1 is provided in each floor is shown. Further, in order to facilitate understanding of the present application, each door 1 is illustrated with a veranda 3 or the like (in FIG. 1, illustration of the veranda 3 and the like is omitted for the right door 1). The veranda 3 is an external space provided on the side of each door 1 and includes both those having a roof and those not having a roof. The outer surface 3a of the veranda 3 is in a position where sunlight is irradiated and the radiant heat of the sun is transmitted.
Each house 1 of the apartment house 2 is provided with a floor heating device or a bathtub as the heat consuming part 8. In addition, each house 1 of the apartment house 2 is provided with a refrigerator, a TV, or the like as the power consuming unit 4, and a lighting unit or the like as the shared power consuming unit 5 is provided in the shared part of the apartment house 2. It has been. The power consumption unit 4 and the shared power consumption unit 5 are configured to be able to supply AC power from the commercial power system 6 via the transmission line 7.

[Power supply by solar heat combined heat and power supply system]
First, the configuration of the solar heat utilization cogeneration apparatus 10 will be briefly described, and then the power supply by the solar heat utilization cogeneration apparatus 10 will be described.
The solar heat combined heat and power supply device 10 is installed on the outer surface 3a of the veranda 3 of the apartment house 2 along the light collecting surface and the heat collecting surface, as shown in the side sectional view of FIG. A power generation unit 11 that generates direct-current power from sunlight, a heat collection unit 12 that collects solar heat, and heat collected by the heat collection unit 12 is guided to the hot water storage tank 13 (see FIG. 1) via a heat medium. It is comprised from the heat-transfer part 14. FIG. Specifically, the protective cover 15 made of glass or the like, the air layer 17 formed by the support column 16, and the power generation unit 11 in order from the side irradiated with sunlight (on the right side in FIG. 2, the side opposite to the outer surface 3 a). The power generation cell 19 and the thin film layer 18 that protects it from both sides (the left and right sides in FIG. 2), the metal plate 20 made of iron or the like as the heat collection unit 12, and the heat of the heat collection unit 12 are diffused to the outside. It comprises a heat insulating layer 21 to prevent.
In the power supply by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply apparatus 10, the DC power generated by the power generator 11 is a power for converting DC power into AC power via a DC power transmission line 22 as shown in FIG. It is led to a conditioner 23 (an example of a power converter).

[Power conversion and grid connection by power conditioner]
As described above, the power conditioner 23 is electrically connected to the plurality of solar heat utilization cogeneration devices 10 and the DC power transmission lines 22, and the direct current generated by the plurality of solar heat utilization cogeneration devices 10 is used. The power can be converted into AC power collectively. In addition, it is electrically connected to a power transmission line 7 (shown by a thick line in FIG. 1) that connects the commercial power system 6 and the power consumption unit 4.

In the present invention, the power conditioner 23 is a relatively inexpensive one that is commercially available for general detached houses from the viewpoint of economy, and the rated power is relatively high at about 3000 W. In contrast, the electric power generated by the solar heat utilization cogeneration apparatus 10 provided in the footprint of about the outer surface 3a of the veranda 3 (2m ² ~3m ² about) is relatively low, about 200～400W. For this reason, when the electric power generated by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply apparatus 10 is individually converted by the power conditioner 23, the power load of the power conditioner 23 becomes low, and the power conversion efficiency may be deteriorated.
On the other hand, in the present invention, the generated power generated by the solar heat combined heat and power supply apparatus 10 of a plurality of doors 1 (for example, 10 or more and 20 or less) is converted by the single power conditioner 23. It is configured.

  That is, in the present invention, the DC power generated by the solar heat combined heat and power supply device 10 of the plurality of doors 1 is collected and converted into AC power by the single power conditioner 23. As a result, the relationship between the number of doors 1 and the number of power conditioners 23 is set so that the DC power led to the power conditioner 23 is, for example, about the rated power, and the power load of the power conditioner 23 is increased. Thus, power can be converted efficiently.

  In addition, according to this invention, it is not necessary to provide the single power conditioner 23 with respect to each door 1, and since the single power conditioner 23 is provided with respect to the some door 1, introduction of the power conditioner 23 of each door 1 is introduced. Cost can be reduced.

  In addition, the power conditioner 23 is configured to be able to supply the converted AC power to the shared power consumption unit 5 of the shared part of the apartment house 2. Thereby, even if it is a case where the demand of the power consumption part 4 of each house 1 is small, the electric power supplied by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply apparatus 10 using the electric power in the shared power consumption part 5 2 can be consumed appropriately.

[Heat supply by solar heat combined heat and power supply system]
Next, heat supply by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply apparatus 10 will be described. The heat collecting unit 12 in the solar heat utilization cogeneration apparatus 10 is configured to collect solar radiant heat and also collect heat generated by the power generation cell 19 of the power generation unit 11 during power generation. The recovered heat is stored by the heat transfer section 14 as the heat of hot water stored in the hot water tank 13. Specifically, the heat transfer unit 14 is configured such that a conduit 25 is provided between the heat collecting unit 12 and the hot water storage tank 13, and a heat medium circulates inside the conduit 25. The conduit 25 is fixed by a fixture so as to come into contact with the metal plate 20 as the heat collecting unit 12, and the heat recovered by the metal plate 20 is appropriately guided to the heat collecting unit 12. . The conduit 25 is laid inside the hot water tank 13, and heat is stored in the hot water in the hot water tank 13 in such a form that the heat medium in the conduit 25 exchanges heat with the hot water stored in the hot water tank 13. Hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 13 is temperature-adjusted by cooling by water supply and heating by the auxiliary heat source unit 26, and then supplied to the heat consuming unit 8 of the door 1 in which the solar heat combined heat and power supply device 10 is provided. The
That is, the heat collected by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device 10 is configured to be supplied to the heat consuming unit 8 of each door 1 where the solar heat utilization cogeneration device 10 is provided. It is possible to reduce the thermal efficiency.

[Another embodiment]
Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
(A)
In the above embodiment, the installation conditions of the power conditioner 23 will be further described.
The power conditioner 23 may be provided so that the introduction cost can be reduced and the power conversion efficiency is higher than the conventional one because of the relationship with the number of the doors 1. For example, the power conditioner 23 is provided in the housing complex 2. It may be configured to provide one for a plurality of doors 1 provided on one floor, and the total installation area of the solar heat combined heat and power supply apparatus 10 is about 20 m ^{2 to} 30 m ^2. A plurality of doors 1 may be provided.
Further, for example, the outer surface 3a of 2m ² to 3M ² about Veranda 3 of each house 1, in the case of providing the solar heat utilization cogeneration apparatus 10, the generated power becomes 200～400W. On the other hand, since the rated power of the commercially available power conditioner 23 for a detached house is about 3000 W, it is also possible to provide one power conditioner 23 for 10 to 20 doors 1. Good.
From the viewpoint of reducing the introduction cost, the number of power conditioners 23 is preferably less than the number of doors 1 included in the apartment house 2.

(B)
In the said embodiment, although the installation position of the hot water storage tank 13 was not specifically limited, For example, solar heat utilization is carried out by installing in the vicinity of the outer wall 3a of the veranda 3 in which the solar heat utilization combined heat apparatus 10 is provided. You may make it reduce the heat loss by the movement of a heat | fever by shortening the distance of the heat collecting part 12 of the cogeneration apparatus 10, and the hot water storage tank 13. FIG.

(C)
In the said embodiment, although the multi-storey apartment house 2 was shown as an example, the combined heat and power supply system for an apartment house of this invention can be applied suitably also to the multi-storey apartment house 2 separately.

(D)
In the above-described embodiment, when the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device 10 is provided on the outer surface 3a of the veranda 3, the outer surface 3a is provided along the light collecting surface and the heat collecting surface. The light collecting surface and the heat collecting surface may be provided so as to be inclined upward in the vertical direction by a predetermined angle. Thereby, a condensing rate and a heat collecting rate may be able to be improved.

(E)
In the above embodiment, each door 1 of the apartment house 2 is provided with at least one solar heat combined heat and power supply device 10, but among the doors 1 of the apartment house 2, at least two or more doors 1. Need only have the solar heat combined heat and power supply device 10.

  The combined heat and power supply system for an apartment house of the present invention guides heat in a state where heat loss is reduced with respect to the heat consumption part of each house of the apartment house while reducing the introduction cost, and for the power consumption part of each house. Thus, it can be effectively used as a device that can guide power in a state where power loss is reduced.

1: Door 2: Apartment house 3: Veranda 3a: Veranda 4: Power consumption part 5: Shared power consumption part 6: Commercial power system 7: Transmission line 8: Heat consumption part 10: Solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device 13: Hot water tank 23: Power conditioner (an example of a power converter)
25: Conduit 100: Combined heat and power system for housing

Claims (4)

Combined housing combined heat and power system for supplying heat and electric power to an apartment house having a plurality of doors provided with at least one or more solar power combined heat and power supply devices that generate DC power from sunlight and collect solar heat Because
The solar heat combined heat and power supply device is electrically connected to a power conversion device that converts direct current power generated by the solar heat combined heat and power supply device into alternating current power,
The power conversion device is electrically connected to a power line of a commercial power system that guides commercial power to the power consumption unit of the door;
DC power generated by the solar heat combined heat and power supply device provided in the plurality of doors is configured to be guided to a single power conversion device,
The heat collected by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is led to the heat consuming part of the door where the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is provided,
The DC heat generated by the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is led to the power conversion device, converted into AC power, and then led to the power consumption unit of the door. The power conversion device provided in the housing complex is single,
2. The combined heat and power system for an apartment house according to claim 1, wherein the single power conversion device converts DC power generated by all of the solar heat-use thermoelectric conversion devices into AC power.   3. The combined heat and power system for an apartment house according to claim 1, wherein the AC power after conversion by the power converter is led to a shared power consumption unit of the apartment house. The apartment house has multiple floors, and the doors are provided on each floor.
The combined heat and power supply system for an apartment house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solar heat utilization combined heat and power supply device is provided on an outer surface of a veranda of the door.

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