JP2011016788A - Galenical and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a galenical which has high safety and an outstanding appearance, and its production method.SOLUTION: The galenical is obtained by drying original plants such as Pinellia ternata, Dioscorea japonica, D.batatas, Paeonia lactiflora, Fritillaria verticillata and Pueraric lobata, with 1-20% of drying weight reduction at -10 to 30°C of a mean temperature, and at 10-70% of average humidity. Thereby, a white galenical same as a conventional market article can be produced without performing sulphur fumigation or chemical treatment.

Description

  The present invention relates to a crude drug and a method for producing the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a herbal medicine having a high safety and an excellent appearance and a method for producing the same.

  Herbal medicine "Halfsummer" using crow bishak (Pinella ternata (Thumb.) Breitenb.) As a base plant is a highly versatile crude drug with an annual consumption of about 900 tons.

  Conventionally, as the nature of the semi-summer in the domestic market, the white color of the surface and inside is an important index for quality evaluation (see Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2), Those that are white and glossy are considered good products.

  Therefore, in recent years, products that have been chemically bleached by processing such as sulfur fumigation and chemical treatment have been imported, which has been a serious problem that threatens the health of users.

Kimura, Kouichi, “Shinsoku Kokusai Kokusoku Kokusai Tsuname”, Volume 6, Chunyo Shoten, 1979, p. 48-67 “Fifteenth revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia”, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, 2006, p. 1257

  However, the above-described conventional technology has a problem in that white semi-summer, which is the same as a conventional market product, cannot be manufactured without performing sulfur fumigation or chemical treatment.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a herbal medicine having a high safety and an excellent appearance, and a method for producing the same.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.
(1) That is, the present invention is a herbal medicine obtained by drying a base plant to an average temperature of −10 to 30 ° C. and an average humidity of 10 to 70% to a loss on drying of 1 to 20%.
(2) The present invention is also the herbal medicine according to (1), wherein the average temperature is 4 to 16 ° C.
(3) The present invention is also the herbal medicine according to (1) or (2), wherein the average humidity is 15 to 55%.
(4) The present invention is also the herbal medicine according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the loss on drying is 3 to 16%.
(5) The present invention is also the herbal medicine according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the drying time is 1 to 18 days.
(6) The present invention is also the herbal medicine according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the drying time is 5 to 14 days.
(7) The present invention is also the herbal medicine according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the drying pressure is normal pressure.
(8) The present invention is also the herbal medicine according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the basic plant is a herbal medicine whose surface and internal color tone are white. is there.
(9) The present invention is also the herbal medicine according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the base plant is crow birch, yam, Chinese yam, peony, amiga lily or kudzu.
(10) Moreover, this invention is a manufacturing method of a crude drug characterized by drying a basic plant to 1 to 20% of loss on drying by average temperature -10-30 degreeC and average humidity 10-70%. .
(11) The present invention is also the method for producing a crude drug according to (10), wherein the average temperature is 4 to 16 ° C.
(12) The present invention is also the method for producing a crude drug according to (10) or (11), wherein the average humidity is 15 to 55%.
(13) The present invention is also the method for producing a crude drug according to any one of (10) to (12), wherein the loss on drying is 3 to 16%.
(14) The present invention is also the method for producing a crude drug according to any one of (10) to (13), wherein the drying time is 1 to 18 days.
(15) The present invention is also the method for producing a crude drug according to any one of (10) to (14), wherein the drying time is 5 to 14 days.
(16) The present invention is also the method for producing a crude drug according to any one of (10) to (15), wherein the drying pressure is normal pressure.
(17) The present invention also relates to the herbal medicine according to any one of (10) to (16), wherein the basic plant has a surface and internal color tone that is related to a white herbal medicine during distribution. It is a manufacturing method.
(18) The present invention is also the method for producing a herbal medicine according to any one of (10) to (17), wherein the base plant is crow birch, yam, Chinese yam, peony, amiga lily or kuzu.

  According to the present invention, since the basic plant is dried at an average temperature of −10 to 30 ° C. and an average humidity of 10 to 70% to a loss on drying of 1 to 20%, without performing sulfur fumigation or chemical treatment, A white herbal medicine similar to a marketed product can be manufactured.

It is an external appearance photograph of the crow biscuit tuber obtained by making it dry at 70 degreeC in the comparative example 1. It is an external appearance photograph of the crow biscuit tuber obtained by making it dry at 50 degreeC in the comparative example 2. It is an external appearance photograph of the crow biscuit tuber obtained by making it dry at 30 degreeC in the comparative example 3. It is an external appearance photograph of the crow biscuit tuber obtained by drying at 5 degreeC in Example 1. It is the appearance photograph of the crude drug “Half summer” (market product) manufactured from the tuber of crow bishak. It is an external appearance photograph of the tuber (raw) of M size Izu native-type crow birch. It is an external appearance photograph of the tuber (raw) of L size Izu native-type crow birch. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the drying days and drying loss in the drying conditions of setting temperature 5 degreeC and setting humidity 10, 30 or 50%. It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the actual value of temperature and humidity in the drying conditions of setting temperature 5 degreeC and setting humidity 10, 30 or 50%. It is an external appearance photograph of the Izu native type crow biscuit tuber which performed the drying process at the setting temperature of 5 degreeC. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the drying days in a drying condition of setting temperature 15 degreeC and setting humidity 10, 30 or 50%, and drying loss. It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the actual value of temperature and humidity in the drying conditions of setting temperature 15 degreeC and setting humidity 10, 30 or 50%. It is an external appearance photograph of the yam rhizome obtained by making it dry at 30 degreeC in the comparative example 4. 6 is an appearance photograph of a yam rhizome obtained by drying at 25 ° C. in Comparative Example 5. FIG. It is an external appearance photograph of the yam rhizome obtained by making it dry at 20 degreeC in the comparative example 6. It is an external appearance photograph of the yam rhizome obtained by drying at 15 degreeC in Example 8. It is an appearance photograph of the herbal medicine “Yakuyaku” (market product) manufactured from the rootstock of yam.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The method for producing a crude drug according to the present invention is characterized in that the base plant is dried to a loss on drying of 1 to 20% at an average temperature of −10 to 30 ° C. and an average humidity of 10 to 70%.

  The plant that is the raw material of the herbal medicine of the present invention is a crude plant of the herbal medicine, and the surface or internal color tone of the marketed product is white, that is, white to grayish yellow, similar white to yellowish Examples thereof include white, brown to light gray, white to light tan, light gray to gray. Examples of such base plants include crow birch, yam, Chinese yam, peony, amiga lily, and kudzu. Further, in the present invention, the whole base plant may be used, for example, only a part of the base plant such as tubers, rhizomes (roots), roots, and apple stems may be used. .

  First, as a preparation, dirt on the surface of the original plant is removed by an appropriate method such as water washing, dry wiping, water wiping, brushing, air blowing, or the like. However, if the dirt is not noticeable, the collected base plant may be used as it is. Next, the epidermis of the base plant from which the dirt on the surface has been removed is removed, and the remaining epidermis and dirt are removed again by an appropriate method as described above. However, in the case of a base plant that does not require removal of the epidermis, it may be used as it is. Next, the plant from which the remaining epidermis and dirt have been removed is placed in a refrigerator and drained.

  Next, the drained base plant is subjected to an average temperature of −10 to 30 ° C., preferably −2.5 to 22.5 ° C., more preferably 4 to 16 ° C., and an average humidity of 10 to 70%, preferably 15 to 60. %, More preferably 15-55%. If the temperature and humidity during the drying process exceed the above upper limits, it is not preferable because germs and the like that adversely affect quality will propagate, and if the temperature etc. is less than the above lower limit, discoloration may occur due to residual moisture, or internal freezing may occur. It is not preferable because the tissue is altered.

  The drying time is 1 to 18 days, preferably 3 to 16 days, and more preferably 5 to 14 days. If the drying time exceeds the above upper limit, the flexibility is lost and the brittleness becomes unfavorable, and if the drying time is less than the lower limit, shape defects such as discoloration and deformation are caused.

  The drying treatment is preferably performed under normal pressure, but may be performed under pressure or under reduced pressure depending on the situation.

  In addition, when drying, the drying treatment may be performed in a plurality of times depending on the type and part of the original plant.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the loss on drying of a dried product (hereinafter referred to as “plant dried product”) obtained by drying the base plant is 1 to 20%, preferably 2 to 18%, more preferably 3 to 16. The base plant is dried to a percentage. If the loss on drying of the dried plant body exceeds the above upper limit, the flexibility is lost and it becomes brittle, or shape defects such as discoloration and deformation are caused, which is not preferable. In addition, if the loss on drying of the dried plant is less than the lower limit, discoloration occurs due to residual moisture, and miscellaneous bacteria that adversely affect the quality propagate, which is not preferable.

  Here, the loss on drying means that measured according to the method prescribed in the 15th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia (see Non-Patent Document 2). A specific method for measuring loss on drying is as follows.

  First, the dried plant is put in a weighing bottle that has been weighed in advance, and its mass is accurately measured with an analytical balance or the like. Next, the weighing bottle containing the dried plant is dried at 105 ° C. for a predetermined time (initial drying). Next, the weighing bottle is allowed to cool in a desiccator containing silica gel, and its mass is accurately measured with an analytical balance or the like. Subsequently, it dries at 105 degreeC until the plant dried body in a weighing bottle reaches a constant weight (secondary drying). During secondary drying, the mass of the weighing bottle is accurately measured every hour. Finally, the water loss (%) when the dried plant reaches a constant weight is calculated and used as the loss on drying. However, the initial drying time varies depending on the type of the original plant. For example, the initial drying time of the base plant in the present invention described above is 6 hours.

  In addition, the drying method in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be adjusted so that the drying loss of the dried base plant and the temperature, humidity and time during the drying treatment are within a predetermined range, A known drying method, for example, a method using heating wire, infrared ray, far infrared ray, microwave, electromagnetic induction or the like can be used. Examples of the drying method suitable for the present invention include heating wire. As an apparatus using such a system, for example, an electrothermal dryer (STN6200, manufactured by ADVANTEC) or the like can be used.

  Next, the crude drug of the present invention and the method for producing the same will be described in more detail by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course, can be added.

  [Comparative Example 1]

  The tuber of the crow birch (Izu native) collected in July was peeled and washed with running water, and then drained in the refrigerator. Next, the peeled crow birch tuber was dried for 3 days using a dryer having a temperature (setting) of 70 ° C. and a humidity (actual measurement) of 10 to 50% to obtain a dried dried crow birch. .

  [Comparative Example 2]

  It dried like the comparative example 1 except having used the dryer whose temperature (setting) is 50 degreeC, and the dried crow biscuit of the comparative example was obtained.

  [Comparative Example 3]

  It dried for 12 days like the comparative example 1 except having used the dryer whose temperature (setting) is 30 degreeC, and the dried crow biscuit of the comparative example was obtained.

  [Example 1]

  Except that the temperature (setting) was 5 ° C., it was dried for 13 days in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 to obtain a dried crow birch body of the present invention.

  The dry weight loss of the dried dried crow of the present invention was measured according to the method prescribed in the 15th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia (see Non-Patent Document 2) (n = 3), which was 8.6%. It was. As a result, the dried dried crow birch of this example was subjected to the dry weight reduction conditions (14% or less of dry weight in 6 hours of initial drying time) as shown in the 15th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia. It was confirmed that it met.

  Moreover, the result of having photographed the appearance of the dried crow biscuit obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Example 1 and the marketed crow bichaku (herbal medicine "Hammer Summer", Sichuan, China) is shown in FIGS. Indicated. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the appearance of the dried crows of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was mostly discolored to brown, whereas the appearance of the dried crows of Example 1 was a commercial product of crows It was confirmed that the white color almost unchanged from the crude drug “Half summer”) was maintained.

  [Example 2]

  After washing tubers of crow birch (Izu indigenous) collected in August with tap water, M size (those passing through 22.4 mm but not 11.2 mm) and L size (22.4 mm opening) Tubers (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 7) were selected with a sieve. Next, the selected tuber epidermis was peeled and washed with running water, and then drained in a refrigerator. Next, the peeled crow tuber tuber was set at a set temperature using a dehumidifier equipped with an SP dehumidifier Rosal (“RDHC-7J1” manufactured by Rysai Technica) in a sealed container (camera dry box) with a capacity of 40 L. Dry for 40 days under conditions of 5 ° C and set humidity of 10%, and measure the loss on drying of crow birch tubers according to the method prescribed in the 15th revised Japanese Pharmacopeia (see Non-patent Document 2) did. In this test, the initial drying time was 24 hours.

  [Example 3]

  Except for drying at a humidity of 30%, the loss on drying of crow birch tubers was measured in the same manner as in Example 2.

  [Example 4]

  Except for drying at a humidity of 50%, the loss on drying of crow biscuit tubers was measured in the same manner as in Example 2.

  The results of measuring loss on drying in Examples 2 to 4 are shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the number of days required for the loss on drying to reach 14% or less was 16 days in Example 2, 6 to 9 days in Example 3, and 16 to 20 days in Example 4. It was. The drying loss after 20 days from the start of drying gradually decreased from 10% to 7.0% in Example 2, maintained around 10% in Example 3, and maintained around 12% in Example 4. It was. Moreover, the result of having photographed the mode of the appearance of the crow biscuit tuber obtained in Examples 2-4 was shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, it was confirmed that the appearance of these tubers was able to maintain a white color that was almost the same as the marketed crow bishak (herbal medicine “Hakka”, see FIG. 6).

  [Example 5]

  The loss on drying of crow birch tubers was measured in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the temperature was set to 15 ° C. and dried for 20 days.

  [Example 6]

  The loss on drying of the crow's tuber was measured in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the temperature was set to 15 ° C. and the humidity was set to 30%, followed by drying for 20 days.

  [Example 7]

  The loss on drying of crow birch tubers was measured in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the temperature was set to 15 ° C. and the humidity was set to 50%, and drying was performed for 20 days.

  The results of measuring loss on drying in Examples 5 to 7 are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the number of days required for the loss on drying to reach 14% or less was 6 days in Example 5, 6 days in Example 6, and 6 to 9 days in Example 7. The drying loss after 12 days from the start of drying gradually decreased from 9.0% to 7.0% in Example 5, maintained around 10% in Example 6, and around 10-12% in Example 7. Was maintained.

  From the above results, when comparing the temperature and humidity conditions of Examples 2 to 7, the high temperature condition (15 ° C.) reached 14% in a shorter number of days and the low humidity condition (10% and 30%). It was confirmed that the loss on drying reached 14% in less days. Therefore, it was suggested that ideal drying conditions are a set temperature of about 15 ° C. (average temperature of about 14 to 16 ° C.) and a set humidity of about 10 to 30% (average humidity of about 17 to 40%). However, at a set temperature of about 15 ° C, there is a risk that mold will form on the surface of the dried crow tuber when the tuber is not sufficiently drained, and there is a risk that mold will form on the surface. It is preferable to perform the drying treatment at about 10 ° C. or less, and it is expensive to keep the humidity in the dryer at about 20% or less industrially, and practically set humidity is about 30 to 40%. preferable.

  [Comparative Example 4]

  The rhizome pericarp of the yam (Fukuseed seedling system) collected in December was peeled off, washed with running water, and then drained in a refrigerator. Next, this peeled yam rhizome was dried for 5 days using a phytotron having a temperature (setting) of 30 ° C. and a humidity (actual measurement) of 20 to 40% to obtain a dried yam of comparative example. .

  [Comparative Example 5]

  It dried like the comparative example 4 except having used the phytotron whose temperature (setting) is 25 degreeC, and obtained the dried yam of a comparative example.

  [Comparative Example 6]

  It dried like the comparative example 4 except having used the phytotron whose temperature (setting) is 20 degreeC, and the dried yam of a comparative example was obtained.

  [Example 8]

  It dried like the comparative example 4 except having used the cool box which installed the dehumidifier whose temperature (setting) is 15 degreeC, and obtained the dried yam of this invention.

  The dry weight loss of the obtained dried yam of the present invention was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 (n = 2), which was 10.0%. As a result, the dried yam of this example has the dry weight loss condition of the yam (herbal medicine “Yakuyaku”) shown in the 15th revised Japanese pharmacopoeia (the initial dry time is 6 hours and the dry weight loss is 14% or less). It was confirmed that it met.

  In addition, the appearance of the dried yam obtained in Comparative Examples 4 to 6 and Example 8 and the marketed yam (maru-cut mountain medicine from Fujian Province in China and Maoyama medicine from Guangdong Province) were photographed. The results are shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 13 to 17, the appearance of the dried yam of Comparative Examples 4 to 6 was mostly changed to brown, whereas the appearance of the dried yam of Example 8 was the marketed yam (herbal medicine “ It was confirmed that the white color almost unchanged from “Yakuyaku” was maintained.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to produce herbal medicines having the same appearance as conventional market products without performing sulfur fumigation or chemical treatment, etc. ) Is extremely useful.

Claims (18)

  A crude drug obtained by drying a base plant to an average temperature of -10 to 30 ° C and an average humidity of 10 to 70% to a loss on drying of 1 to 20%.   The crude drug according to claim 1, wherein the average temperature is 4 to 16 ° C.   The crude drug according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the average humidity is 15 to 55%.   The crude drug according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the loss on drying is 3 to 16%.   The crude drug according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the drying time is 1 to 18 days.   The crude drug according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drying time is 5 to 14 days.   The crude drug according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the drying pressure is normal pressure.   The herb medicine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the basic plant is a product of a white herb having a surface and internal color tone at the time of distribution.   The herbal medicine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the base plant is crow birch, yam, Chinese yam, peony, amiga lily or kudzu.   A method for producing a crude drug, characterized in that the basic plant is dried at an average temperature of -10 to 30 ° C and an average humidity of 10 to 70% to a loss on drying of 1 to 20%.   The method for producing a crude drug according to claim 10, wherein the average temperature is 4 to 16 ° C.   The method for producing a crude drug according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the average humidity is 15 to 55%.   The method for producing a crude drug according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the loss on drying is 3 to 16%.   The method for producing a crude drug according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the drying time is 1 to 18 days.   The method for producing a crude drug according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the drying time is 5 to 14 days.   The method for producing a crude drug according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the drying pressure is normal pressure.   The method for producing a herbal medicine according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the basic plant is a herbal medicine having a surface and internal color tone at the time of distribution.   The method for producing a herbal medicine according to any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein the base plant is crow birch, yam, Chinese yam, peony, amiga lily, or kuzu.